Development Of An Evidence-Based Tool To Assess The Relative Vulnerability Of Different Communities To Tuberculosis, Slamet Isworo, Sri Handayani, Reece Hinchcliff, Zainal Arifin Hasibuan

Kesmas

Identifying specific tuberculosis (TB) vulnerabilities in populations based on their geographical, demographic, and epidemiological characteristics is anessential yet challenging requirement to help reduce and eliminate TB. Assessment tools that can accurately quantify the risks associated with key factorscould be used to measure TB vulnerability efficiently and indicate the most appropriate range of interventions. This study aimed to develop TB vulnerability assessment tools based on a TB vulnerability assessment conceptual framework developed with Leximancer. Three steps to produce the tools were facetanalysis, interpreting the facet to create a list of questions, and expert judgment to confirm the suitability of the questionnaire. …

Social Media Use Behavior And Social Media Disorder Among Faculty Of Public Health Students During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Tiara Amelia, Ulfi Hida Zainita, Evi Martha

Kesmas

Excessive use of social media can lead to vulnerability to social media disorder, which is significantly related to the trend of mental health problems among college students. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of social media disorder among college students and to determine the relationship between the number of social media accounts, the total duration of social media use, and social media disorder. This cross-sectional study collected data through an online survey of 201 college students from the class of 2021 in the Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia. This study used the Social Media Disorder scaleand univariate and …

Latinx Social Work Students’ Well-Being Prior To And During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Leyla Feize

School of Social Work Faculty Publications

This is a reflection on social work students’ well-being before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This narrative was indirectly written by the students, as it is their interpretations of their feelings, thoughts, and behaviors derived from drawing their own mandalas daily for one month. It is a comparison of two stories of struggle, hope, and change during two different periods which were close in time, but far in reality.

Empowering The Community: An Explanatory Mixed Methods Study Exploring The Social Mechanisms Of Community Health Worker-Primary Care Integration Using A Team Science Approach, Alexandria Blacker

Doctor of Philosophy in Translational Health Sciences Dissertations

Background: Expanding primary care (PC) has emerged as a national priority to transform health care delivery (Pittman et al., 2015). This requires that PC teams become highly functioning interprofessional teams. Community Health Workers (CHWs), frontline health care workers who are seen as trusted members of their community, act as links between the community and care teams, providing a crucial means to increase access to health services, reduce health care costs and address social determinants of health (SDH) (American Public Health Association, 2021). CHWs are increasingly becoming part of PC teams (Franklin et al., 2015; Herman, 2011). Despite decades of research …

Examining Factors Associated With Covid-19 Full Vaccination Rates Among Healthcare Workers, Carrie Jeanne Vanzant

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Promoting Mammography Screenings In African American Women: Media, Church, And Health Providers, Lasonya Little, Debra C. Wallace, K.Jay Poole

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Due to the underutilization of screening mammography, African American women (AAW) are more likely to experience negative health outcomes after receiving a late-stage breast cancer diagnosis than White Women (WW). The purpose of this article is to examine the roles of the media, health community and the African American church and pastor and their potential impact in AAW screening decisions. Fifteen AAW, ages 45 and older, were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview. Most women agreed the African American pastor and church as well as the health community, and media are an integral part of their lives. Therefore, specific …

Covid-19 Severity Among American Indians And Alaska Natives In 16 States - January 1, 2020, To March 31, 2021, Jessica Arrazola, Scott Erickson, Chiao Wen Lan, Adrian Dominguez, Sujata Joshi, Andria Apostolou, Ashley Busacker, David Casey, Christiana Coyle, Kathryn Helfrich, Jennifer Kraszewski, Thomas Kim, Genelle Lamont, Richard Leman, Pamela Lemaster, Nick Lehnertz, Mike Mannell, Dakota Matson, Alex Merrill, Tracy Miller, Benjamin Schram, Ozair Naqvi, Samantha Rice, Samantha Hyde-Rolland, Alyssa Rowell, Dean Seneca, Victoria Warren-Mears, Laura Williamson

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Objective: To compare rates and risk factors of severe COVID-19-related outcomes between American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) and non-Hispanic White people (NHW).

Methods: Aggregate Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), COVID-19-related risk factor, hospitalization, and mortality data were obtained from 16 states for January 1, 2020-March 31, 2021. Generalized estimating equation Poisson regression models calculated age-adjusted cumulative incidences, incidence ratios (IR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) comparing AI/AN and NHW persons by age, sex, and county-level SVI status.

Results: Race data were missing for 42.7% of COVID-19 cases, 24.7% of hospitalizations, and 10.1% of deaths. Risk of AI/AN COVID-19 mortality …

Understanding Firearm Purchasing During A Purchasing Surge Among Black Individuals, Esprene Liddell-Quintyn, Jasmin Brooks Stephens, Michael D. Anestis

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Abstract

Purpose: During 2020, the US experienced a record-breaking year for firearm purchases, with major spikes occurring at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, and in June 2020. This study aimed to examine the factors associated with firearm purchasing during a purchasing surge among Black individuals and to document their reasons for surge purchasing.

Methods: We conducted a cross sectional survey from January to June 2021. Participants were recruited through quota sampling using Qualtrics. This study focuses on a sample of Black individuals (n=1115) from which a subsample of respondents (n=108) indicated that they purchased firearms since …

Canadian Newspaper Coverage On Harm Reduction Featuring Bereaved Mothers: A Mixed Methods Analysis, Heather Morris, Cameron Wild, Marina Giovannoni, Rebecca Haines-Saah, Jakob Koziel, Petra Schulz, Hauwa Bwala, Diane Kunyk, Tania M. Bubela, Elaine Hyshka

Office of the Provost

A growing body of evidence suggests that news media which includes a sympathetic portrayal of a mother bereaved by substance use can increase public support for harm reduction initiatives. However, the extent to which such news media coverage occurs in Canada is unknown, and research has not documented how the news media in Canada covers such stories. We undertook a mixed-method secondary analyses of 5681 Canadian newspaper articles on harm reduction (2000–2016). Quantitative analyses described the volume and content of harm reduction reporting featuring a mother whose child’s death was related to substance use while qualitative thematic analysis provided in-depth …

Impact Of A Provider Flagging System On Increasing Ezetimibe Utilization In High-Cardiac Risk Adults, Janessa Creado

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: Cardiovascular disease continues to be the leading cause of mortality globally. Often, healthcare providers fail to follow evidence-based guidelines in their practice.

PICOT: In high cardiac-risk, adult patients with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels greater than 70 milligram/deciliter (mg/dl) despite being on a maximum tolerated dose of statin (P), what was the effect of a provider flagging system to initiate ezetimibe (I) compared to standard care (C) on increasing the utilization of ezetimibe according to the 2018 American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines (O) within 8 weeks (T)?

Evidence: An extensive evidence literature review …

Conference Proceedings: Select Abstracts Presented At 2023 Advocate Aurora Scientific Day

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

This abstract supplement includes findings presented at the 49th annual Advocate Aurora Scientific Day on May 24, 2023. The Scientific Day symposium provides a virtual forum for the sharing of preliminary results from research and case studies conducted by faculty, fellows, residents, and other health professionals associated with Illinois-based Advocate Health Care and Wisconsin-based Aurora Health Care.

Is There Room For Individual Patient-Specified Preferences In The Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Revolution?, Leif I. Solberg, Jeanette Y. Ziegenfuss, Rachael L. Rivard, Christine K. Norton, Robin R. Whitebird, Glyn Elwyn, Mark Swiontkowski

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: The study aim was to test the feasibility of collecting qualitative patient-preferred outcomes or goals and the degree of their attainment as an addition to a standardized process for collecting quantitative composite patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) from patients undergoing knee joint replacement..

Methods: Patients of a large Midwestern medical group scheduled to have total replacement of their knee joint have been asked to complete a PROMs survey preoperatively and at 3 and 12 months after surgery since 2014. In March 2020, an open-ended question about their most important preferred outcome was added to the existing questionnaire. The responses for …

Patients’ Experience Of Specialty Care Coordination: Survey Development And Validation, Varsha G. Vimalananda, Mark Meterko, Kailyn E. Sitter, Shirley Qian, Jolie B. Wormwood, B. Graeme Fincke

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Specialty care coordination relies on information flowing bidirectionally between all three participants in the “specialty care triad” — patients, primary care providers (PCPs), and specialists. Measures of coordination should strive to account for the perspectives of each. As we previously developed two surveys to measure coordination of specialty care as experienced by PCPs and specialists, this study aimed to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of a related survey of specialty care coordination as experienced by the patient, thereby completing the suite of surveys among the triad.

Methods: We developed a draft survey based on literature review, patient interviews, …

A Helping Hand Out Of The River: Refugee Perspectives For Provider Engagement, Brian L. Isakson, Elizabeth R. Stein, Alexandra Olson, Destiny Waggoner, Jill Holtz, Sara Ali, Suha Amer, Martin Ndayisenga

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: A growing number of refugee groups are seeking care within the U.S. health care system for medical, psychological, and social needs. Research is limited in understanding refugee-specific conceptualizations of helping relationships and provider characteristics that improve interactions in health systems. This study aimed to identify provider characteristics that facilitate engagement and helpfulness in a refugee-specific population from refugee participant voices to inform future practices of health care clinics.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews with refugee participants were conducted to assess 1) experiences moving on from difficult experiences, 2) engagement with the health system, and 3) provider characteristics that facilitated engagement and …

Homebound Older Adult, Caregiver, And Provider Perspectives On The Benefits Of Home-Based Primary Care: A Narrative Review, Nila N. Sabetfakhri

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Home-based primary care (HBPC) is a clinical practice that is being increasingly utilized for the homebound older adult population. As the age demographics in the United States shift over time, these programs will need to be expanded to accommodate the growing aging population. This narrative review aims to compile studies on the benefits of HBPC from the perspective of homebound older adult patients, caregivers, and the health care providers who practice HBPC. Studies were identified through PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, and a total of 10 papers were included in this review. Identified benefits of HBPC for homebound …

Effects Of Water Access On Childhood Linear Growth In Zimbabwe, Robert Ntozini

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Smoking And The Likelihood Of Hiv Testing Among Transgender Women Of Color, Cariny Nunez

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Understanding Patient-Centered Care: Perception Of Hispanic Physicians In Teaching Hospitals Of The United States, Santiago Rivera

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Sexual Identity And Sexual Behavioral Risks Among Black Men In The United States, Darnell Winston Walker

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Chronic Disease And The Inflammatory Body Burden: Social And Environmental Factors And Implications For Longevity, Catherine L. Zeman, Junu Shrestha, Raihan Khan, Ashley N. Oginz Wilson, Lisa A. Beltz

Department of Health Sciences - Faculty Scholarship

Everyday our body’s immune and detoxification systems are working to protect us from pathogens, cancerous cells, foreign substances, and chemical exposures. Declining trends in per capita longevity in the US suggest that these systems are being stressed beyond their natural resiliency. Several of these trends are discussed in light of funding for preventive vs. illness care. The authors then use a systems and interdisciplinary approach to introduce the immunobiological and biotransformation systems, and the concept of the exposome for those unfamiliar. The science of the immune and detoxification systems is explored considering the idea of chronic low-level inflammation. Additionally, new …

Understanding The Mechanisms Of Change In The Supportive And Respectful Maternity Care Intervention In Sindh, Pakistan: Provider Perspectives, Bilal Iqbal Avan, Waqas Hameed, Bushra Khan, Muhammad Asim, Sarah Saleem, Sameen Siddiqi

Community Health Sciences

Introduction: We conducted this qualitative investigation to explore the mechanisms of change in providing respectful care resulting from the supportive and respectful maternity care intervention (S-RMC) in Sindh, Pakistan.
Methods: We applied the principles of realist evaluation methodology with a descriptive explanatory research design. We conducted in-depth interviews with 36 maternity care providers at secondary-level public health facilities where S-RMC was implemented for 6 months. The S-RMC broad components included capacity-building of maternity teams and systemic changes for improvements in governance and accountability within public health facilities. Data were analyzed using a deductive content analysis approach.
Results: We identified mechanisms …

Improving Access To Cardiac Catheterization, Sunitha Dharman

Student Scholarly Projects

The American Heart Association lists cardiovascular disease as the underlying cause of death for 874,613 people who lost their lives in 2019 (Tsao et al., 2022). On average, someone in the United States has a myocardial infarction every 40 seconds, and someone dies of a stroke every 3 minutes and 30 seconds. Studies support coronary artery disease as a significant contributor to cardiac arrest in a non-hospital setting (Yannopoulos et al., 2019). The authors provide evidence supporting the importance of early cardiac catheterization. There is a 10-15% survival rate with a higher level of functioning compared to delayed or no …

Trend Of Outcome Metrics In Recent Out-Of-Hospital-Cardiac-Arrest Research: A Narrative Review Of Clinical Trials, Natalie N Htet, Daniel Jafari, Jennifer A Walker, Ali Pourmand, Anna Shaw, Khai Dinh, Quincy K Tran

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) research traditionally focuses on survival. In 2018, the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) proposed more patient-centered outcomes. Our narrative review assessed clinical trials after 2018 to identify the trends of outcome metrics in the field OHCA research. We performed a search of the PubMed database from 1 January 2019 to 22 September 2023. Prospective clinical trials involving adult humans were eligible. Studies that did not report any patient-related outcomes or were not available in full-text or English language were excluded. The articles were assessed for demographic information and primary and secondary outcomes. We included 89 studies …

Influence Of Lifestyle On Suboptimal Health: Insights From A National Cross-Sectional Survey In China, Jie Wang, Yinghao Wang, Zheng Guo, Zi Lin, Xiangqian Jin, Hui Niu, Yibo Wu, Lihua Tang, Haifeng Hou

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Suboptimal health status (SHS) is a non-clinical or pre-disease state between optimal/ideal health and disease. While its etiology remains unclear, lifestyle is considered one of the most important risk factors. We aimed to examine the effects of lifestyles on SHS through a nationwide survey in China. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in 148 cities across China between 20 June and 31 August 2022, on 30 505 participants from rural and urban communities gathered through stratified quota sampling. We measured SHS with the Short-Form Suboptimal Health Status Questionnaire (SHSQ-SF). We gathered information on participants' lifestyles (ie, smoking, alcohol consumption, …

Embryological Basis Of Polydactyly In 56 Years Old Male Patient, Sarayu M

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Polydactyly is a common congenital hand deformity. The limb buds are the precursor structures of the limbs. Their formation begins in the 4th week, with the activation of mesenchymal cells in the somatic layer of lateral plate mesoderm. As mesenchyme cells enter the limb region, they secrete factors that induce the overlying ectoderm to form a structure called the apical ectodermal ridge (AER). Polydactyly is the congenital deformities which is seen in 1000 births. To observe and study the various type of polydactyly in relation to the preaxial polydactyly and postaxial polydactyly with other classification. So, thumb polydactyly is a …

Psychostimulant Misuse Among American Indian, Alaskan Native, Or Native Hawaiian College Students In The U.S. From 2015 To 2019, Fares Qeadan, Sydney Ross, William A. Barbeau, Erin F. Madden, Kamilla L. Venner, Kevin English

Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health

Introduction: This study examines factors associated with psychostimulant misuse, including polysubstance use and social factors, among the understudied American Indian/Alaska Native/Native Hawaiian (AI/AN/NH) college student population.

Methods: Data were from the 2015 to 2019 American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment IIc (ACHA-NCHA IIc) survey. Multivariable logistic regression models and odds ratios were used to estimate associations between psychostimulant misuse and potential risk and protective factors among AI/AN/NH college students, including licit and illicit substance use, social support, relationship factors, exposure to violence or abuse, mental health symptoms, drug and alcohol education, and sample demographics.

Results: Opioid misuse among AI/AN/NH …

Importance Of Geriatrics In Psychiatric Postgraduate Education, Dr Anand R, Dr Kishor M, Dr Murali M R

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Introduction

To assess the importance of Geriatrics in Psychiatric postgraduate education

Methodology

Marks allotted in question papers from Geriatrics in Psychiatry postgraduate examination from a university for a 5-year period was evaluated.

Discussion

1-6% of entire theory evaluation was related to Geriatric mental health topics predominantly on dementia and related disorders.

Morbid Obesity In Children 12-18 Years And Bariatric And Nonpharmacologic Influence And Interaction, Sam Uche Osuoha

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Texas Medicaid Factors Associated With Childhood Vaccination Nonadherence: A Regression-Based Statistical Analysis With Moderation, Terry Hartley

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Editorial: Resilience, Quality Of Life And Psychosocial Outcomes Of Cancer Patients And Their Caregivers, Nida Zahid, Nargis Asad, Ashraf El-Metwally

Department of Surgery Docs

No abstract provided.