Digital Commons Network^™

Anti-Müllerian Hormone And Its Relationships With Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease And Renal Disease In A Longitudinal Cohort Study Of Women With Type 1 Diabetes, Catherine Kim, Yuanyuan Pan, Barbara Braffett, Valerie Arends, Michael Steffes, Hunter Wessells, Aruna V. Sarma

GW Biostatistics Center

Background

Reproductive age may be a risk factor for vascular disease. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is produced by viable ovarian follicles and reflects reproductive age. We examined whether AMH concentrations were associated with markers of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) and kidney disease among women with type 1 diabetes.

Methods

We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Study. Participants included women with type 1 diabetes and ≥1 AMH measurement (n = 390). In multivariable regression models which adjusted for repeated measures, we examined the associations between AMH with CVD risk factors, estimated glomerular filtration rate, …

The Impact Of Globalization On The Perceptions And Practices Of Menstruation Among Indigenous Women In Peru, Meghan Wallace

Honors Program Theses

The existing perceptions and practices of menstruation on the island of Taquile in Lake Titicaca, Peru provide insights into the manners in which globalization can challenge and shape perspectives in indigenous communities. Through the framework of globalization as polarization, hybridization, and homogenization, this study explores the impacts that changes in menstrual practices and perceptions can have on female health outcomes, agency in the community, and education efforts. Viewpoints of menstruation distinctly differ according to gender and age, yet ultimately point toward the concept that all three lenses of globalization provide explanations for menstruation in the community of Taquile.

The World Health Organization Fetal Growth Charts: A Multinational Longitudinal Study Of Ultrasound Biometric Measurements And Estimated Fetal Weight., Torvid Kiserud, Gilda Piaggio, Guillermo Carroli, Mariana Widmer, José Carvalho, Lisa Neerup Jensen, Sameera A Talegawkar, +Several Additional Authors

Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Perinatal mortality and morbidity continue to be major global health challenges strongly associated with prematurity and reduced fetal growth, an issue of further interest given the mounting evidence that fetal growth in general is linked to degrees of risk of common noncommunicable diseases in adulthood. Against this background, WHO made it a high priority to provide the present fetal growth charts for estimated fetal weight (EFW) and common ultrasound biometric measurements intended for worldwide use.

METHODS AND FINDINGS: We conducted a multinational prospective observational longitudinal study of fetal growth in low-risk singleton pregnancies of women of high or middle …

Interrelationship Between Climatic, Ecologic, Social, And Cultural Determinants Affecting Dengue Emergence And Transmission In Puerto Rico And Their Implications For Zika Response., Angela Matysiak, Amira Roess

Global Health Faculty Publications

Objective

The global resurgence of dengue has been attributed to rapid population growth, urban expansion, increased air travel, globalization, and climate change. Dengue is now endemic in Puerto Rico. Puerto Rico is at risk for Zika, another emerging arbovirus. The interrelationship between climatic, ecological, social, and cultural factors that affect dengue and other arboviruses' transmission is understudied.

Design

The objective of this systematic review is to examine the interrelationship between climatic, ecological, social, and cultural factors on dengue transmission in Puerto Rico and to draw lessons for Zika response.

Results

A comprehensive search of peer-reviewed journal articles was performed, producing …

The Changing Roles Of Community Health Workers, Mary-Beth Malcarney, Patricia Pittman, Leo Quigley, Naomi Seiler, Katie B. Horton

Health Workforce Research Center Publications

Community Health Workers (CHWs) have been gaining attention from policymakers because of their unique role in addressing health disparities and socioeconomic drivers of disease, and because of their potential integration into the health care delivery system. To date, there has been limited research specifically describing the variation in CHWs’ roles and relationships, and how that variation relates to management, to financing, to health system integration, and to the competencies CHWs should have in different contexts.

This report provides a snapshot of the varied landscape of CHW programs to better understand how CHWs are integrating with the health system both in …

From Sea To Shining Sea, And The Great Plains To Patagonia: A Review On Current Knowledge Of Diabetes Mellitus In Hispanics/Latinos In The U.S. And Latin America, Larissa Aviles-Santa, Uriyoán Colon-Ramos, Nangel Lindberg, Joseimer Mattei, Francisco Pasquel, Cynthia Perez

Global Health Faculty Publications

The last two decades have witnessed many advances in the prevention, treatment, and control of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Increased screening has led to a greater recognition of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (Type 2 DM) and prediabetes; however, Hispanics/Latinos, the largest minority group in the U.S., have not fully benefited from these advances. The Hispanic/Latino population is highly diverse in ancestries, birth places, cultures, languages, and socioeconomic backgrounds, and it populates most of the Western Hemisphere. In the U.S., the prevalence of diabetes mellitus varies among Hispanic/Latino heritage groups, being higher among Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, and Dominicans, and lower …

Reducing The Rate Of Late Stage Breast Cancer Through Effective Health Communication: An Opinion Piece, Rachele Hendricks-Sturrup

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Health and illness are traditionally characterized and treated differently across various ethnic groups, which encourages American health systems serving these diverse populations to explore culturally competent and safe ways to effectively reduce illness within such populations. Certain ethnic groups of women in the United States (US) bear greater risk of late stage breast cancer because of various circumstances, which include but are not limited to a lack of insurance or underinsurance and discomfort with and/or resentment toward the US healthcare system. The dominant culture and the social aspects of the modern American health system often and most favorably serve …

Optimizing Community Services For An Improved Continuum Of Hiv Care, Project Soar

HIV and AIDS

Project SOAR, together with Aurum Institute, is conducting research in Ekurhuleni District and Bojanala District in South Africa to improve the availability of effective care continuum services to meet the communities’ HIV treatment needs. The two districts have a combined population of 3.6 million inhabitants and approximately 350 public clinics and hospitals. Through improved information on community HIV care services and their relationship to care continuum outcomes, the study will provide valuable new knowledge about service gaps and approaches to planning and delivering services that best achieve HIV treatment goals.

Evaluation Of Childhood Exposure To Lead In Community Water Systems In Maine, Nicholas Flavin

Muskie School Capstones and Dissertations

The concentration of lead in Maine’s public drinking water was evaluated from 4,700 first-draw water samples collected from 358 Maine Community Water systems. Samples collected from 2012-2015 were obtained by request from the Maine Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s (MeCDC)’s Drinking Water Program.

Exposure and physiological uptake of lead can be mathematically modelled or predicted based on the amount of lead in “background” sources of contaminated media such as soil, dust, water, air or dietary items; the better the characterization of lead in these media, the better the exposure predictions. To assess childhood lead exposure, EPA recommends using the …

2017-2018 Master Of Science In Allied Health Handbook, Otterbein Office Of Graduate Programs

Graduate School

Master of Science in Allied Health Handbook for Otterbein University Graduate Students in the Department of Health and Sport Sciences.

Using A Social Ecological Model To Explore Upstream And Downstream Solutions To Rural Food Access For The Elderly, Lauri Andress

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

A social ecological model is applied to the secondary analysis of qualitative data to study the impact of place on rural food access for older adults in West Virginia. The use of a social-ecological model to review the senior’s coded narratives provided a clearer picture of higher impact, upstream levers to address food security for older adults in a rural region. The elderly have restricted access to food in rural West Virginia because of an indirect relationship with place that acts through the social ecological domains of the built environment, macrosocial factors, stressors, the natural environment, and social support. The …

Detroit Food Metrics Report 2017, Alex B. Hill, Amy Kuras

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Research Publications

This report provides a snapshot of data and information on Detroit’s food system as well as trends over time. The report includes a broad range of programs and initiatives that local organizations, the Detroit Food Policy Council, and the City of Detroit are undertaking to address food insecurity, increase healthy food access and awareness, and support a more sustainable and just food system.

The Role Of Stress In The Relationship Between Shift Worked And Hypertension, Madison Liford

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Purpose: Individuals working non-daytime shifts have been reported to have an increased risk for many negative health outcomes, including poor cardiovascular health. This study aims to examine the relationship between shift worked and hypertension—a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Of particular interest in this study was the role of stress and type of shift worked (day, evening, night, or rotating) in this relationship.

Methods: The study utilized National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data collected between 2005 and 2010. The study population was limited to adult workers 20 years of age and older (n=9356). Initial descriptive statistics of …

Preconception Health Knowledge Among Undergraduate Women, Ashley Mae Paulsen

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Preconception health is a woman’s health before she becomes pregnant. It means knowing and understanding how preexisting health conditions and risk factors could affect a woman or her unborn child if she becomes pregnant (Office on Women’s Health, 2010). This study examined undergraduate students’ knowledge of recommended preconception health practices. A paper survey was distributed to general education classes in health, sociology, and family consumer science. This 33-item survey assessed demographics, barriers to practicing recommended preconception health behaviors, and knowledge of preconception health practices. Analyses included frequencies, independent t-test, and ANOVA. Respondents had a mean score of 42.85 (2.68) on …

Pilbara Internal Evaluation Report 2017: School Breakfast Program, Food Sensations® In Schools, Fuel Your Future, Food Sensations® For Parents And Educator Training, Stephanie L. Godrich, L. Aberle, L. Thorne, G. Stewarz, R. Murray, C. Houghton

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Executive summary:

-In partnership with BHP (BHP), Foodbank of Western Australia (FBWA) delivers the School Breakfast Program (SBP), Food Sensations® in Schools initiative (FSS), Fuel Your Future program (FYF), Food Sensations® for Parents program (FSP) and Educator Training program (ET) with schools and communities throughout the Pilbara region of WA.

-Evaluation of these programs and initiatives was underpinned by each program’s objectives. Those that related to this internal evaluation related to knowledge, skills and program satisfaction. As such, tailored Program Planning Logic Models and corresponding Evaluation Plans were developed for each program. Methods and tools were based on good practice …

Postpartum Mothers' Attitudes Toward Breastfeeding, Jackie Denise Jones

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Breast milk is the optimal source of nourishment for babies, providing positive nutritional and psychosocial benefits for infants' growth and development. Rates for initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months in the United States are well below the target rates for the Healthy People 2020 Maternal, Infant, and Children's Health objectives. Using Ajzen's theory of planned behavior, the purpose of this project was to ascertain how knowledge and attitudes influenced a mother's intent to breastfeed during her hospital stay and the likelihood of exclusive breastfeeding continuing after discharge. A convenience sample of 68 postpartum mothers was recruited from …

The Role Of Breastfeeding In Mother-To-Child Transmission Of Hiv/Aids: A Comparative Case Study Of Three Countries, Anjali Cherukuri

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The HIV pandemic has affected millions of people around the world both medically and socially, since there is a stigma associated with this disease. Common methods of transmission include sexual intercourse and sharing needles, but there are other lesser known methods through which people can contract this disease. One such way is mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), in which a mother could transmit the virus to her child either during pregnancy, childbirth, or through breastfeeding. This paper focuses on the role of breastfeeding in the transmission of HIV from mother to child. Many studies have investigated how breastfeeding results in the transmission …

A History Of The Long-Term Care Ombudsman Program In America: A Changing Aging Population, Caitlin Dorris

Oswald Research and Creativity Competition

No abstract provided.

Burden Of Illness And Pharmacoeconomic Evaluation Of Lumacaftor/Ivacaftor In Cystic Fibrosis, Pratyusha Vadagam

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objectives: (1) To estimate the burden of illness in cystic fibrosis (CF) using 2010-2014 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data, and (2) to conduct a pharmacoeconomic evaluation of lumacaftor/ivacaftor in the treatment of CF.

Methods: The study was conducted in two parts. Part 1 involved a retrospective analysis using individuals in MEPS database with an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnosis code of 277.00 for a principal diagnosis of CF. Dependent variables were cumulative and out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures and independent variables included patient demographics and clinical characteristics. Unweighted and weighted estimates of expenditure in CF group, …

Supply Effects Of Implementing Donor Interval Strategies To Prevent Iron Deficiency In Blood Donors, Kevin Joseph Belanger

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Iron depletion in blood donors has been a topic of concern for the AABB over the past couple of years. In March 2017 the AABB published bulletin #17-02 recommending blood collection facilities implement additional actions to limit or prevent iron deficiency in blood donors. Three of the recommended strategies were to limit the donation interval for all individuals to two times in a 12-month period, limit 16-18 year olds to one donation in a 12-month period, and to limit pre-menopausal woman to one donation in a twelve month period. With a declining donor pool, the focus of this study is …

Workplace Management Knowledge And Support For Employee Breastfeeding Practices, Elizabeth Heimer

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Breastfeeding has many benefits to both mother and child. It also happens to have benefits to workplaces who support breastfeeding. Research shows that lack of environmental support of breastfeeding at the workplace may discourage women from exclusively breastfeeding the recommended amount of time of SIX months (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2012). To investigate the management knowledge and workplace breastfeeding support services, an online survey was sent out employees in management positions at selected workplaces in Faribault, Martin and Watonwan counties in Minnesota. Of the 98 selected participants, only 16 participants completed the survey. The study aimed to discover whether there …

Expanding Access To Integrated Family Planning Intervention Packages For Married Adolescent Girls In Urban Slums Of Dhaka, Bangladesh, Fauzia Akhter Huda, Hassan Rushekh Mahmood, Sadia Afrin, Anisuddin Ahmed, Nafis Al Haque, Bidhan Krishna Sarker

Reproductive Health

This research report describes an intervention study conducted among married adolescent girls aged 15–19 years in four urban slums of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Objectives of the study were to examine the acceptability and feasibility of forming married adolescent girls’ clubs, and involving community health volunteers (Shasthya Skebikas) and marriage registrars to increase access to family planning (FP) information and services, to promote the uptake of long-acting reversible contraceptive methods, and to provide FP information to newlywed couples at the time of marriage registration. The study findings revealed that a noteworthy number of married adolescent girls received FP-related information, mostly from the …

The American Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes Epidemic: Considerations For Targeted Diabetes Prevention Programs, Dolores Dodson

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Childhood obesity is an identified risk factor for several long-term health issues such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death within the United States. The CDC has implemented an evidence-based program, The National Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP), to prevent the development of T2DM among individuals with prediabetes. Prediabetes is defined as having elevated glucose levels glycated hemoglobin [A1C] levels between 5.7%-6.5%) that are not elevated enough to meet diabetes diagnosis criteria (A1C levels > 6.5%). The DPP is a lifestyle change program that has …

We Like Fried Things: Negotiating Health, Taste And Tradition Among Spanish Caribbean Communities In New York City, Melissa Fuster

Publications and Research

The study was conducted to understand fried-food (FF) consumption among Hispanic Caribbean (HC) communities in New York City. Data were collected through qualitative interviews with 23 adults self-identified as Cuban, Dominican, or Puerto Rican. Most informants considered FFs an important part of their traditional diet. Potential explanations included taste, cost, convenience, and the emotive values attached to FF. FF consumption was contextualized in local foodscapes. Results include strategies to diminish FF consumption and differences across HC groups and migratory generations. The relevance for future nutrition interventions addressing health disparities in this community is discussed

Disparities In Infant Mortality: Are Sociocultural Risk Factors Shaped By Institutionalized Racism?, Madison Grimm

Honors Program Theses

The infant mortality rate (IMR) is an incredibly important indicator of the overall health of a nation. Because the IMR is so closely related with factors such as quality and accessibility of healthcare and socioeconomic conditions, it is helpful in evaluating a nation’s success. The United States (US) has one of the highest infant mortality rates among countries with a similar degree of economic development (those belonging to the OECD). In 2013, the IMR was 5.96 deaths per 1,000 live births, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC (Mathews, MacDorman, & Thoma, 2015). Furthermore, this rate …

Knowledge Attitude And Practice Regarding Nipah Virus Infection In Nakhon Pathom Province In Thailand, Takahiro Agari

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: Nipah virus disease is a fatal disease with high mortality rate and can cause a serious impact on public health. Due to lack of a specific agent for vaccination and treatment, prevention is crucial. However, key information for health promotion were poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to figure out knowledge, attitude and practices in the context of Nipah virus disease and identify associated factors among people living close to a roost of flying foxes. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted among people living in the villages close to the flying fox roost in Ban Luang …

Integrating Behavioral Trigger Messages Into A Mhealth System Design For Chronic Disease Management, Scott Sittig

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Recent changes in health information technology have dramatically altered the face, delivery, and management of healthcare particularly as it relates to mHealth. With increases in smart phone ownership, mHealth potentially has the ability to provide far-reaching transformation of chronic disease management particularly when aligned with behavioral change theories and persuasive technology. MHealth applications have an advantage over computers and various print communications as the consumer can engage with the application at any time and at any location. The Interactive Health Communication Application (IHCA) states that by combining support mechanisms such as behavior change theories into electronic devices as a method …

Physical Activity And Sedentary Behaviors In Urban Chinese Children: Grade Level Prevalence And Academic Burden Associations, Xihe Zhu, Justin A. Haegele, Yan Tang, Xueping Wu

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

The objectives of this study were (a) to report grade level prevalence in physical activity and sedentary behaviors and (b) to examine academic burden associations with these behaviors. School-aged children (n = 48,118) reported their physical activity, perception of physical activity sufficiency, factors for activity insufficiency, homework hours, and screen time in a typical week. Data were analyzed using general linear models and logistic regression models of Complex Samples. Prevalence results showed that children had lower physical activity and lower screen viewing time, but higher homework time during transition grades (6th, 9th, and 12th) and high school years. Academic burden …

Sex Education In Montana Schools: An Assessment Of The Needs Of Sexual And Gender Minority Youth, Elizabeth A. Redinger, Annie Sondag

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Youth are particularly vulnerable to infection from HIV and STIs. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, youth between the ages of 13 and 24 accounted for about 26% of all new HIV transmission cases in the United States in 2010, In young MSM specifically, there was a 22% increase in new infections from 2008 to 2010 (CDC, 2015). Education is one of the factors that plays a role in sexual health practices starting in high schools, yet in Montana there is no clear set of guidelines as to what is covered during sex education classes in the …

Lgbtq-Inclusive Sexuality Education In Montana Public High Schools: An Assessment Of The Needs Of Health Enhancement Teachers, Andrew G. Johnson

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

BACKGROUND

LGBTQ youth face many unique health challenges. Rates of depression and suicide are exponentially higher for LGBTQ youth than for their heterosexual, cisgender peers. Rates of HIV and STI infection are rising among this demographic. Comprehensive sexuality education has demonstrated the potential to address some of these health challenges. Specifically, it has been shown to delay the onset of sexual intercourse, and to reduce pregnancy and transmission rates of HIV and STIs among youth. Several studies have looked at LGBTQ-inclusive sexuality education from the perspective of LGBTQ students, but few have looked at this issue from the perspective of …