Digital Commons Network^™

Diabetes Education For Nursing Staff In Primary Health Care, Artemio Pontejos

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The nature of the DNP project was a staff education program for staff nurses and other clinic personnel on diabetes self-care management in a primary health care setting. The goal of this educational program was to improve and update the knowledge on self-care management of primary health care nurses. This education program followed the Walden University DNP Project Manual for Staff Education guidelines. The purpose of this continuing education of professional nurses was to improve nurses’ patient education on self-care management. After a 3-day face-to-face 90-minute lecture, improvement of knowledge was measured with a comparison of a pretest and a …

Fetal/Infant Mortality: Understanding Race And Ethnicity, Birthing Location, And Prenatal Care, Chelsea Collum

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This study addressed whether race and ethnicity, birthing location, the month the mother begins prenatal care, and pregnancy risk level impact fetal/infant mortality. Infant mortality is a gauge by which the efficacy of the healthcare system and the overall health of the country is measured. The United States falls behind most other developed countries in terms of infant mortality rates. The ecological perspective was used as the theoretical framework. The study design was a cross-sectional cohort design using a sample of births and infant deaths from U.S. Vital Statistics data. Binomial logistic regression analyses were carried out to calculate odds …

Analysis Of Malaria-Induced Anemia And Gender Differences Among Children In Nigeria, Temitope Bamgbose

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Malaria is one of the leading causes of death among children under 5 years old in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Also, public health efforts on malaria prevention have been successful in many regions but remains an issue in SSA. Malaria-induced anemia (MA) is associated with health complications among children. The impact of several sociodemographic factors (age, gender, residential type, and parent’s educational level) and malaria preventive/intervention measures such as mosquito net use and malaria medication use among children under 5 years old in Nigeria were assessed to inform malaria best practices and strategies, prioritize resource allocation, and support existing literature on …

Predictors Of Stunting In Children Under 5 Years Of Age In Zimbabwe, Ranganai Matema

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Stunting is the most common form of undernutrition globally and is a major public health concern. Child stunting has both short-term negative effects on children’s health and long-term negative effects on adult health and human capital. Zimbabwe has a high prevalence of stunting, 27% in 2015. Although some of the factors associated with stunting are known, there is a gap on comprehensive evidence on the significant factors associated with persistent high levels of child stunting. The UNICEF conceptual framework for malnutrition was used to guide a cross-sectional study using the 2015 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey data to identify and …

The Impact Of Socioeconomic Status And Ethnicity On Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients, Donald Garret Abshier

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive and debilitating respiratory condition that leads to significant medial and financial burdens. For many patients with COPD, multiple socioeconomic factors contribute to health disparities, including income, education, employment status, and race/ethnicity. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of SES and race/ethnicity on COPD patients. For this cross-sectional study, using secondary data analysis, the Social-Ecological Model (SEM), which discusses five levels of influence, was utilized. Data from over 3,222 participants aged 18 and over, living in Nevada were obtained from the 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) study. …

Health Care Provider Program On The Management Of Obesity, Erlinda P. Bhat

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Research has shown that educational programs have led to developing the professional skills and behaviors of front-line health care providers who care for overweight or at-risk obese patients. The purpose of this project was to provide an educational program on best practices for weight management to health care providers at a large military clinic. The project question was developed to assess whether the educational program increased the knowledge and confidence of health care providers in the management of obesity. Utilizing Pender's health promotion model, a quasi-experimental study was conducted in which 15 health care providers, including licensed and unlicensed personnel …

Perceptions And Experiences Of Sickle Cell Disease Patients And Parents/Caretakers On Alternative Treatment Options For Pain Management, Elizabeth Hagan Asamoah

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is marked by excruciating chronic pain, commonly known as pain crisis. SCD healthcare practitioners (HCPs) have been employing palliative care as a mainstream treatment option to manage SCD pain crises using mainly opioid analgesics for years. Due to the current opioid crisis, however, it has become imperative to explore alternative regimens to manage the pain and associated comorbidities of SCD. Thus, the goals of this study included exploring alternative treatment options for SCD pain crisis management with the intent of decreasing SCD patients’ dependency on opioid-based or related analgesics while reducing the frequency of pain crises …

Registered Nurses’ Perceptions Of Obesity, Elizabeth Ann Pettifor

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Obesity has become an epidemic in the United States (U.S.) population. Obesity is a risk factor for many health problems that ultimately lead to death or disability. Nurses in the U.S have a higher-than-average rate of overweight and obesity. The purpose of this exploratory, qualitative case study was to identify and recommend areas for change in the hospital environment to assist bedside nurses in the U.S to have a healthier lifestyle. Social media was used to conduct a purposeful sampling technique and recruit 10 registered nurses working full time at the bedside in the U.S who struggle with obesity. Semi …

Association Between Bisphenols, Acrylamide, Glycidamide, Fast Food, And Obesity: An Obesogenic Perspective, Morgan Murphy

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous man-made substances that have the ability to interfere with hormone action and are believed to be a contributing factor to chronic illnesses, including but not limited to obesity. Recent studies have suggested that environmental agents (environmental obesogens), such as food additives, plasticizers, and personal care products are contributors that aid in the altering of hormone receptors and hormone mimicry. Such environmental obesogens have the potential to promote adipogenesis and fat accumulation. In this study, the social-ecological model was used to determine the factors that can influence the increased exposure to obesogenic chemicals at the …

Educating Nurses To Help Promote Diabetes Self-Care Management In Primary Care, Delphine E. Ikpasaja

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Diabetes is a chronic disease that has a genetic and lifestyle component, and it affects individuals in various parts of the world. A lack of understanding of the nature of the disease has contributed to the complications experienced by patients with diabetes 2 (DM2), such as an elevated glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) and hyperglycemia. At the clinic where this project took place, patients received an initial teaching but did not get any further support or resources to manage their disease. A four sections of a 30 minutes each was the educational presentation used with staff at the clinic to help them …

Analyzing Regional Impact Of Caregiving On Obesity Prevalence Among U.S. Adults, Myra Callis Johnston

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Obesity remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Historically, sparse research efforts have focused on informal caregiving as a possible risk factor for developing chronic illnesses across the United States. Identifying additional subgroups at higher risk of becoming obese could provide insights into where public health practitioners, the health care community, and policy makers can direct limited resources through a more targeted approach. The theoretical foundation for the current project was the social cognitive theory. In this secondary correlational analysis using the 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data set, the relationship between …

Examining Clinicians' Perspectives Screening For Depression In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Vickie Lavette Bland

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The United States has a significant diabetes problem. This chronic disease affects the body physically and mentally. One of the emotional effects of diabetes is depression. Depression is often present in individuals with diabetes, chiefly in those with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). While depression is common in T2DM and can interfere with treatment adherence, clinician screening for depression in T2DM patients is low. The purpose of this study was to examine clinicians' attitudes, behaviors, and perceptions concerning screening patients with T2DM for depression. Through a qualitative case study approach centered on reasoned action theory, 3 physicians and 5 nurse …

Exploring The Influences Of Culture On Hand-Hygiene Beliefs Of Foreign-Born Healthcare Workers, Sheila Blanche Davis

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractThe hand-hygiene practices of nonadherent health care workers (HCWs) are a major threat to patient safety and thus continue to be a concern for healthcare leaders and administrators worldwide. Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), which are linked to HCWs' unclean hands, are prevalent throughout global healthcare settings. Global migration in the nursing profession and intercontinental travel among direct patient care providers make it challenging for healthcare leaders to sustain HCWs' adherence to hand-hygiene practices. The purpose of this grounded study was to explore the influence of the cultural beliefs about hand-hygiene practices of foreign-born HCWs. The theory of planned behavior was used …

Impact Of Social Barrier Removal On Primary Care Use By Managed Care Enrollees, Pamme Lyons-Taylor

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Personal health represents a complex relationship among social, physical, and emotional factors that can be influenced by health-seeking behaviors. Prior research indicates that greater use of preventive services leads to longer life and lower healthcare costs. For some populations, evidence suggests that social barriers hinder access to preventive services. To better understand the relationship between social factors and the other personal-health factors, de-identified healthcare claims and social service encounter data for 4,480 low-income individuals enrolled in Medicare Advantage or Managed Medicaid at one national health insurance were examined using a retrospective, quasi-experimental design for services rendered between October 1, 2014 …

The Stress And Burnout Among Lecturers In The Universities With Online Teaching In Vietnam During Covid-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study, Anh Hoang Thi Ngoc

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

During COVID-19 pandemic, the education system is one of many aspects in our life which is changed according to the effect of pandemic. Changing from traditional teaching method to new digital teaching method, may lead to adverse health effects directly to mental health of lecturers, including stress and burnout. This study aimed 1) to investigate the level of stress and burnout among lecturers in the universities in Vietnam during COVID-19 pandemic 2) to find the association among demographic, COVID-19 factors, difficulties in teaching online, and stress, burnout among tertiary education lecturers in Vietnam. This study was a cross-sectional study conducted …

Effect Of Diamond Application On Dietary Intake And Bmi Among Over Nutrition Female College Student In Malang City, Indonesia: A Quasi-Experiment Study, Nurnaningsih Herya Ulfah

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Recently, using mobile applications for assisting weight loss programs is a common trend. However, the overnutrition rate is increasing every year. This research aims to develop and investigate the effect of Diet Monitoring (Diamond) application on dietary intake and BMI among overnutrition female college students in Malang City, Indonesia. Using 2 phases, this study used a cross-sectional study for phase I developing the app and a quasi-experiment for phase II investigating the effect of the application. 217 respondents were involved in phase I and 123 participants in phase II. The measurement tools were Tanita DC-360, and ZT-120 Health Scale, including …

Effectiveness Of Positive Deviance, A Behavior Change Approach, To Improve Knowledge, Attitude And Practices On Dengue Prevention And Control In Selected Slums In Islamabad, Pakistan : A Mixed-Method Study, Muhammad Shafique

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This is the first practical application of positive deviance on dengue in the two selected low-income slums of Islamabad which was conducted during June-October 2020. A total of 112 participants (56 for intervention and 56 for the control group) participated in the study. The intervention arm received the positive deviance intervention through the identified positive deviance role models during the regular PD sessions, role plays, illustration competitions, and songs for two months. Three surveys were conducted, before the intervention, after two months, and after four months to assess the changes in knowledge, attitude, and practices. At the baseline, no statistically …

Effect Of Line Application On Action And Coping Plans On Exercise Adherence And Functional Performance For Older Adults With Knee Pain In Suburban Area Of Bangkok Metropolis, Thailand : A Quasi Experimental Study, Pattaraporn Piwong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The known advantage of exercise for older adults who had knee pain is limited by low adherence to an exercise program. LINE application on action and coping plans do improve exercise adherence, knee functional performance and reduce knee pain. This quasi-experimental study determined the effect of LINE application on action and coping plans on exercise adherence, self-efficacy for exercise (SEE) , specific self-efficacy (task, maintenance, recovery), functional performance including knee range of motion (ROM), time up and go (TUG), 30-second chair stand (30CST) , knee outcome for activities of daily living (KOS-ADLS) and knee pain scale among older adults with …

Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Food Insecurity During Covid-19 Pandemic In Bangkok, Thailand : A Cross-Sectional Study, Wimonmanee Mekkhum

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The prevalence of food insecurity (FI) in Thailand has fluctuated throughout time. The COVID-19 pandemic had a substantial impact on Thailand's food system and the factors that contribute to food insecurity differ greatly across developed and developing countries. Consequently, this study may contribute as a step in achieving the SDGs by 2030. The aim was to estimate the prevalence and associated factors of food insecurity during COVID-19 pandemic among Bangkokian. A cross-sectional study was conducted over 440 Bangkokians and data were collected through self-administrated. The questionnaire included the general characteristics, associated factors and the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) in …

Examining The Ecological Validity Of The Power Of Food Scale, Lindsay M. Howard, Kristin E. Heron, Kathryn E. Smith, Ross D. Crosby, Scott G. Engel, Stephen A. Wonderlich, Tyler B. Mason

Psychology Faculty Publications

Purpose

Appetite for palatable foods may impact eating-related behaviors in everyday life. The present study evaluated the real-world predictive validity of the Power of Food Scale (PFS) using ecological momentary assessment (EMA).

Methods

30 women who reported binge eating completed the PFS and related measures. Subsequently, during a 14-day assessment period, participants completed five daily EMA surveys of appetite and binge eating via text message and web.

Results

Results of generalized estimating equations showed that higher PFS scores were associated with higher momentary levels of hunger, eagerness to eat, and urge to eat but were unrelated to fullness, preoccupation with …

The Role Of Demographic And Clinical Characteristics On Risk Of Covid-19 Related Infection And Mortality, A. O'Shea, M. Youssef, M. Connolly, A. Al Lawati, S.I. Shah, S. Walsh, D. Mccartney, J. Faul

Articles

Since the emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) which causes Covid-19, global health systems have struggled to cope with the rising number of related infections, acute admissions and mortalities. Poorer clinical outcomes have been observed amongst older patients with Covid-19 and males, and in those who are obese or who have darker skin(1) . Additionally, poorer outcomes including increased mortality have been associated with low vitamin D status(2,3) . The current observational study aimed to elucidate the association between patient demographic, anthropometric, clinical and biometric characteristics and Covid-19 disease severity and mortality.

"Who's The Man?" Examining The Relationships Between Black Masculinity, Perceived Social Support, And Sexual Behavior In Black Male College Students, James Thomas

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Introduction: Sexual health disparities in college-aged Black men remains a critical public health issue. Black men are likely to have an earlier sexual debut, acquire sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV at higher rates, and enter fatherhood at earlier ages than their White counterparts. Previous research has identified masculinity and perceived social support as predictors of sexual risk behavior for men in the U.S. However, when exploring masculinity’s influence on sexual behavior, studies that are culturally sensitive to Black men’s experiences and perspectives on manhood are few. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between Black masculinity, …

Qualitative Study Of Factors Contributing To Fertility Service Use Among Cancer Survivors Of Reproductive Age In The Us, Angela Rodgers Moore

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Cancer remains the second leading cause of death in the United States; however, there has been a decline in incidence and mortality due to advances in screening and treatment. Currently 16.9 million survivors are thriving within the United States, and the population of cancer survivors has been projected to grow to 22.2 million by 2030. Although cancer survivors report an increased surge of vitality and vigor, they often face physical, mental, psychosocial, or financial challenges that threaten their quality of life. A late treatment effect of particular concern for cancer survivors of reproductive age that has both physical and psychosocial …

Parental Substance Use And Its Impact On Children’S Health And Safety. Increased Need For Collaboration And Multidisciplinary Efforts, Blerta Shehaj, Joanne Chopak-Foss

Eagles Talking About the Public’s Health

No abstract provided.

Covid-19: A Driving Factor For Pre-Existing Racial Disparities In Food Insecurity, Christina S. Cook, Sandhya Lohani, Jeffery A. Jones, Stacy Smallwood Ph.D., Tilicia L. Mayo-Gamble

Eagles Talking About the Public’s Health

No abstract provided.

Prevalence And Patterns Of Multimorbidity In Australian Baby Boomers: The Busselton Healthy Ageing Study, Michael L. Hunter, Matthew W. Knuiman, Bill A. W. Musk, Jennie Hui, Kevin Murray, John P. Beilby, David R. Hillman, Joseph Hung, Robert U. Newton, Romola S. Bucks, Leon Straker, John P. Walsh, Kun Zhu, David G. Bruce, Robert H. Eikelboom, Timothy M. E. Davis, David A. Mackey, Alan L. James

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background and objective: Chronic medical conditions accumulate within individuals with age. However, knowledge concerning the trends, patterns and determinants of multimorbidity remains limited. This study assessed the prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity using extensive individual phenotyping in a general population of Australian middle-aged adults. Methods: Participants (n = 5029, 55% female), born between 1946 and 1964 and attending the cross-sectional phase of the Busselton Healthy Ageing Study (BHAS) between 2010 and 2015, were studied. Prevalence of 21 chronic conditions was estimated using clinical measurement, validated instrument scores and/or self-reported doctor-diagnosis. Non-random patterns of multimorbidity were explored using observed/expected (O/E) prevalence …

Modeling Substance Use And Mental Disorder Comorbidity Using Latent Variable And Network Approaches, Courtney T. Blondino

Theses and Dissertations

Introduction. Substance use disorder (SUD) is a common condition that affects millions of Americans. Addressing SUD has been complicated by comorbid mental disorders and co-occurring substance use. Consequently, detailing and addressing SUD and comorbid SUD represent an important goal to improve the health of Americans.

Objective. The research goal of this dissertation was to characterize the comorbidity between substance use, including tobacco use, and mental disorder symptoms measured as negative affect and externalizing symptoms in a population-based sample using latent variable and network approaches.

Methods. Waves 1 – 3 from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study were used. …

Food Industries Wastewater Recycling For Biodiesel Production Through Microalgal Remediation, Divakar Dahiya, Uttam K. Ghosh, Poonam S. Nigam, Amit Jaiswal

Articles

This article is an overview of a biosystem of food-industry wastewater (WW) treatment using microalgae towards circular bioeconomy through biosynthesis of compounds of added-value. Focusing on circular bioeconomy with concern to environmental pollution, the management of water-resource and energy-crisis could be combined; by upgrading conventional WW treatment and simultaneously producing a renewable and sustainable source of energy algal-lipids for biodiesel production. Phyco-remediation of food WW using microalgae has revealed many advantages that can fulfill new demands for the WW treatment. WWs can be valuable resources of micronutrients and organic content (carbon source) for algal cultivation. In this review, prospective routes …

Cold Plasma For Insect Pest Control: Tribolium Castaneum Mortality And Defense Mechanisms In Response To Treatment, Dana Ziuzina, Robin Van Cleynenbreugel, Paula Bourke

Articles

The insecticidal properties and mechanisms of high-voltage air-based atmospheric cold plasma using a contained dielectric barrier discharge reactor were investigated against Tribolium castaneum as an important bio-contaminant in stored grains spoilage. The mortality of 95.0%–100% for preadult stages can be achieved within seconds of treatment, but longer plasma exposure (5 min) is required to kill adult insects. Cold plasma treatment reduces both the respiration rate and the weight of insects and affects the levels of oxidative stress markers in adult populations. Sufficient toxicity is achievable through plasma process control in air to address the range of insect lifecycle stages that …

Heeding The Call Of Covid-19, David Wiebers, Valery Feigin

Animal Sentience

We are grateful to all of our commentators. They have provided a wide range of valuable perspectives and insights from many fields, revealing a broad interest in the subject matter. Nearly all the commentaries have helped to affirm, refine, expand, amplify, deepen, interpret, elaborate, or apply the messages in the target article. Some have offered critiques and suggestions that help us address certain issues in greater detail, including several points concerning industrialized farming and the wildlife trade. Overall, there is great awareness and strong consensus among commentators that any solution for preventing future pandemics and other related health crises must …