Digital Commons Network^™

Étude Ergonomique D'Un Nouveau Traitement Sylvicole, Daniel Imbeau, Denise Dubeau, Bruno Farbos

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Cette étude a comparé deux traitements sylvicoles, soit le débroussaillage conventionnel et le débroussaillage combiné au badigeonnage, avec le produit Myco-Tech^MC, des tiges coupées. En tout 10 débroussailleurs ayant entre 1 et 4 saisons d'expérience et formés à l'application du produit Myco-Tech^MC ont participé à cette étude. Un Step-Test a été administré à chaque sujet afin de permettre l'estimation de sa capacité cardiorespiratoire ainsi que du métabolisme de travail à partir de la fréquence cardiaque durant le travail. La fréquence cardiaque a été mesurée en continu durant le travail. Les extrapulsations cardiaques thermiques (EPCT) ont été estimées …

Sens Du Travail, Santé Mentale Au Travail Et Engagement Organisationnel, Estelle Morin

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Click here for the English version of this report

Le projet présenté ici vise à déterminer les facteurs reliés au sens du travail qui ont un impact sur la santé mentale au travail et l’engagement organisationnel. Les résultats attendus sont d'une part, vérifier les relations entre les facteurs du sens au travail, la santé mentale au travail et l’engagement organisationnel et d'autre part, recommander des actions visant à corriger ou améliorer les facteurs qui affectent le sens du travail.

Les hypothèses suivantes ont été testées :

1. Les caractéristiques du travail suivantes sont positivement corrélées entre elles : l’utilité du travail, …

Mise Au Point Et Validation D’Un Outil De Calcul Du Temps De Service Des Cartouches Filtrantes Pour Vapeurs Organiques, Daniel Cossement, Iheb Bellasfar, Patrick-Daniel Dubois, Tapan K. Bose, Jaime Lara, Daniel Drolet, François Lemay, Zélie Fortin

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Le but de cette activité étalée sur une période de 12 mois, était de fournir un logiciel disponible sur le site Web de l’IRSST permettant de calculer le temps de service de six cartouches filtrantes pour les vapeurs organiques pour des solvants réglementés au Québec. La mise au point de ce logiciel est le fruit d’une coopération entre l’IRSST, avec son expertise dans la caractérisation de la durée de vie des cartouches chimiques, et l’Institut de recherche sur l’hydrogène (IRH) via son expertise sur les charbons activés.

Le modèle de base pour estimer la durée de vie des cartouches est …

Évaluation De La Production Et De La Propagation Du Monoxyde De Carbone Suite À Des Travaux De Dynamitage En Milieu Urbain, Richard Martel, Guillaume Comeau, Luc Trépanier, Geneviève Parent, Benoît Lévesque

Rapports de recherche scientifique

La présente étude a pour but d’évaluer la migration du CO dans le roc fracturé et dans l’air et d’évaluer l’exposition des travailleurs sur le chantier et de la population dans un édifice adjacent aux sautages. Le projet d’agrandissement du pavillon Vandry qui couvre une superficie de 2500 m2 a été choisi afin de recueillir des mesures de concentrations en CO et de pressions dans l’air extérieur, dans l’air ambiant de l’édifice et dans un réseau de surveillance temporaire.

L’étude structurale de la géologie a montré que les fractures les plus pénétratives et fréquentes sont celles associées aux strates de …

Sécurité Des Chariots Élévateurs : Étude De L’Efficacité De La Ceinture De Sécurité, Pierre-Étienne Bourret, Stéphane Martel, Marina Koutchouk, Marc-André Roux, Michel Gou, Carl-Éric Aubin, Denis Rancourt

Rapports de recherche scientifique

C’est au début des années 90 que la CSST a fait une première demande à l’IRSST pour étudier l’efficacité du port des ceintures de sécurité pour la conduite de chariots élévateurs. En 1998, René Benoît et Josée Duquette (Duquette et Benoît, 1998) déposaient un bilan exhaustif sur l’ensemble des dispositifs de sécurité utilisés sur les chariots élévateurs. Dans ce bilan, on reprochait principalement la non-représentativité des résultats de certaines études. De plus, Duquette et Benoît (Duquette et Benoît, 1998) ont noté, à plusieurs reprises, le caractère contradictoire entre les études effectuées sur les mêmes dispositifs de sécurité. Ces conclusions ont …

Evaluating The Healthy States Initiative Policy Forums, Jessica Harmon

MPA/MPP/MPFM Capstone Projects

Since 2005, The Council of State Governments (CSG) has participated in a cooperative agreement funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) called the Healthy States Initiative. The initiative promotes public health by providing information resources to state legislators through publications and public health forums. CSG is interested in information about the impact of the public health forums on state legislators. More specifically, they would like to know if the forums have encouraged the participants to produce public health legislation, to support funding for public health projects, and to work closely with colleagues and various groups to improve …

Snapshot 2008: Maine Workers With Disabilities, Maine’S Commission On Disability And Employment, Choices Ceo Project

Disability & Aging

No abstract provided.

The Female Condom In Ghana: Exploring The Current State Of Affairs And Gauging Potential For Enhanced Promotion, Reshma Naik, Martha Brady

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The female condom (FC) is the only safe and effective female-initiated method that provides simultaneous protection against unintended pregnancy as well as sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. An exploratory exercise was conducted by the Population Council to gain an understanding of the current and historical landscape of FC procurement, distribution, and programming in Ghana and to explore the viability of enhancing national FC promotion. The exercise revealed that a large-scale launch of the FC occurred in Ghana in 2000 and was largely successful in raising product awareness; however, uptake remained low. Momentum has waned since the initial launch and financial …

Early Marriage And Sexual And Reproductive Health Risks: Experiences Of Young Women And Men In Andhra Pradesh And Madhya Pradesh, India, K.G. Santhya, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy, Saswata Ghosh

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The Population Council undertook a large-scale study of married young women and men in two rural settings in India to assess their situation and vulnerability to HIV and other adverse sexual and reproductive health outcomes. Findings of the study clearly underscore the vulnerability of married youth to STI/HIV as a result of risky sexual experiences before, within, and after marriage. Furthermore, there is a need to sensitize healthcare providers to the special needs and vulnerability of married young people and orient them to the need for developing appropriate strategies to reach diverse groups of young people, including married young women …

Youth In India: Situation And Needs 2006-2007, Executive Summary, Maharashtra, International Institute For Population Sciences (Iips), Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This executive summary presents, in brief, findings on the situation of youth in Maharashtra, part of a subnational study undertaken by the International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, and the Population Council, New Delhi, as part of a project to collect information on key transitions experienced by youth in India. Transitions include those related to education, workforce participation, sexual activity, marriage, health and civic participation, the magnitude and patterns of young people’s sexual and reproductive practices before, within, and outside of marriage, as well as related knowledge, decision-making, and attitudes. The project was implemented in six states of India, namely, …

Validation Of Two Qualitative Occupational Expose Assessment Models For Particulates And Vapors, Leshan J. Elliott

All ETDs from UAB

o ensure industrial workers are not overexposed to hazardous chemicals, it is necessary to evaluate the magnitude of occupational exposures. Small and medium sized companies usually do not employ industrial hygienists or other professionals trained in occupational exposure evaluations. Thus, traditional quantitative air sampling methods are usually not feasible due to resource and budgetary limitations. Qualitative exposure assessment models have gained in popularity because they are simple, inexpensive, and less time consuming than quantitative methods. Models are available which predict exposure concentrations or categorize exposures as acceptable or unacceptable. Unfortunately, most models have not been validated or previous studies have …

Managing And Preventing Female Genital Cutting (Fgm/C) Among The Somali Community In Kenya, Maryam Sheikh Abdi, Guyo W. Jaldesa, Ian Askew

Reproductive Health

This report details the Council’s innovative work with religious leaders to reduce the practice of FGM/C in the Somali community in Northern Kenya. In the mid to late 2000s, through the USAID Frontiers project, the Council successfully engaged religious leaders and scholars as community educators to correct the customary misconception that FGM/C is a requirement of Islam. Through sermons and training sessions, these leaders were able to dis-associate FGM/C from Islam, raise public awareness about the harms associated with the practice, and encourage its abandonment.

Institutionalization Of Quality Assurance Within District Health Management: Experiences From Maharashtra And Karnataka, M.E. Khan, Anurag Mishra, Vivek Sharma, Jaleel Ahmad, Jose Joseph, Venkatesh Srinivasan, K.M. Sathyanarayana, Viji Vargees, K.D. Maiti, Rashmi Sharma

Reproductive Health

The Population Council, with financial support from UNFPA, provided technical assistance to the states of Maharashtra and Karnataka, India in implementing a quality assurance (QA) program and helped its institutionalization in the district level of health management. An analysis of all the facilities covered as of December 2007 revealed substantial gaps in the infrastructure and human resources available to provide good-quality services, as well as adherence to standards for providing the services. To build the capacity to undertake QA visits, the Population Council and state authorities organized a series of events to orient and train state and district officials, facility-level …

The Potential For Sustainability Of Malaria In Pregnancy Initiatives In East And Southern Africa: Kenya And Malawi, Washington Onyango-Ouma, Sam Agatre Okuonzi, Doreen Ali, Harriet Birungi, Annie Mwangi

Reproductive Health

This study assesses the sustainability of initiatives to improve maternal and child health survival by preventing and treating illness from malaria, and documents best practices for promoting sustainability and lessons for replication in countries where malaria is endemic. The study applied the Child Survival Sustainability Assessment framework to initiatives in Kenya and Malawi to analyze progress toward sustainability, including not only a biomedical perspective but also the human, social, and organizational processes that influence sustainability of health projects. The report concludes that Malaria in Pregnancy (MIP) interventions were sustained within and beyond the project districts in both countries. Furthermore, both …

Integrating Tuberculosis Case Finding And Treatment Into Focused Antenatal Care In Kenya, Charlotte E. Warren, Annie Mwangi

Reproductive Health

The Population Council/FRONTIERS program, in collaboration with the National Leprosy and Tuberculosis Programme, the Division of Reproductive Health, and the Provincial Health Management Team in Western Province, Kenya, received PEPFAR funding to improve screening for tuberculosis (TB) for pregnant women, including HIV-positive pregnant women. An intervention was tested to strengthen TB case detection to ensure that maternal and child health providers, in addition to providing antenatal care and PMTCT services, also screen and assess the client’s need for TB services and refer for further management. The effectiveness of this approach was demonstrated by the increased number of pregnant women who …

Creating The Conditions For Scaling Up The Integration Of Reproductive Health Services For Men In Health And Family Welfare Centers In Bangladesh, M.A. Mannan, Jafar Ahmad Hakim, Syeda Tazneen Waris, Ashraf Ali, Akm Nurul Hakim, Abdul Hannan, Sameena Chowdhury, Saria Tasnim, Saiful Islam, Aqm Rezaul Karim, Sharif M.I. Hossain, Ubaidur Rob, M.E. Khan

Reproductive Health

An operations research study, supported by the Population Council’s Frontiers in Reproductive Health (FRONTIERS) program, showed that reproductive health services for men could be feasibly and acceptably integrated within the Health and Family Welfare Centres in Bangladesh, which have been primarily women-centered health facilities. Given these findings, a follow-up study was implemented to create the conditions for scaling up the model through identifying and piloting the operational details to consider when taking the intervention to scale. The findings presented in this report suggest that this model of service delivery and training can be scaled up countrywide, preferably in stages. To …

Strengthening The Financial Sustainability Of Two Population Services And Training Center (Pstc) Clinics (Bangladesh), Population Services And Training Center (Pstc), Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

The Population Services and Training Center of Bangladesh (PSTC) operates 15 clinics and 150 satellite posts that provide an Essential Services Package (ESP) to the poor, consisting of child health, family planning, maternal health, communicable disease treatment, and limited curative care. The objective of this study was to conduct an operations research study to determine the feasibility of improving cost recovery in two clinics by raising prices. It appears that the study design was too ambitious for PSTC, a service delivery organization with no prior research experience. Lack of experience was compounded by the resignation of all three PSTC research …

Strengthening Emergency Contraception In Nepal, Mahendra Pd. Shrestha, Sharif M.I. Hossain, M.E. Khan

Reproductive Health

A national workshop on emergency contraception was organized in Nepal by the Family Health Division within the Ministry of Health in 2004, with technical assistance provided by the FRONTIERS program of the Population Council. Among many conclusions from the workshop, one recommendation was that emergency contraceptive pills (ECP) should be introduced through the government family planning program to assist in reducing unwanted pregnancies. Based on the Population Council’s past experiences with introducing and mainstreaming ECP services in Bangladesh and India, a phase-wise introduction of ECP in Nepal was recommended. The project findings suggest that Nepalese women continue to face an …

Helping Egyptian Women Achieve Optimal Birth Spacing Intervals Through Fostering Linkages Between Family Planning And Maternal/Child Health Services, Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab, Sarah Loza, Amal Zaki

Reproductive Health

The Population Council’s USAID-funded Frontiers in Reproductive Health (FRONTIERS) program, in collaboration with the Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population and the NGO Social Planning, Analysis and Administration Consultants, conducted an operations research study to measure the acceptability and effectiveness of two birth spacing message models in Upper Egypt. Overall, the study found that providing birth spacing messages to low-parity women during antenatal and postpartum care and also to husbands through community awareness activities was feasible and acceptable. As a result, birth spacing messages have been integrated into service delivery guidelines for antenatal and postpartum care, and IEC materials on …

Comparing The Effectiveness And Costs Of Alternative Strategies For Improving Access To Information And Services For The Iud In Ghana, Ivy Osei, Gertrude Voetagbe, Moses Aikins, John Gyapong, Philomena Nyarko, Harriet Birungi, Gloria Quansah Asare, Henrietta Odoi-Agyarko, Olivia Aglah

Reproductive Health

The Ghana Health Service (GHS) was prompted to explore ways of increasing interest in the IUD through increasing awareness of this and other long-acting and permanent methods via interpersonal channels and by intensifying campaigns to dispel rumors about the method. The Health Research Unit of the GHS, EngenderHealth’s Quality Health Partners project, and the Population Council’s Frontiers in Reproductive Health (FRONTIERS) project collaborated with the GHS to test innovative approaches to increase awareness of the IUD and to improve access to the method. The study examined the general and method-specific knowledge of long-acting family planning methods among clients and providers, …

Situation Analysis Of The Integration Of Family Planning Services In Postpartum, Postabortion And Prevention Of Mother To Child Transmission Programs In Haiti, M. Estela Rivero-Fuentes, Ricardo Vernon, Michaelle Boulos, Louis-Marie Boulos

Reproductive Health

This report presents the results of a situation analysis of the provision and use of contraception in postpartum, postabortion, and Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) services in Haiti. FRONTIERS provided the Centre d’Évaluation et de Recherche Appliqueé (Center for Evaluation and Applied Research or CERA) with technical assistance for the data collection, cleaning, and entry processes. The study found that there is a substantial unmet need for family planning services among postpartum women and many missed opportunities to provide these services during the pregnancy-extended postpartum period continuum. Most outpatient services have adequately implemented HIV counseling for pregnant women, …

Promoting Healthy Timing And Spacing Of Births In India Through A Community-Based Approach, M.E. Khan, Mary Philip Sebastian, Usha Sharma, Rukma Idnani, Kaushal Kumari, Bharati Maheshwari, Shahid Ashraf

Reproductive Health

The Indian Family Welfare Program, though successful in increasing contraceptive use among couples who have achieved their desired family size, has failed in educating people about the importance and need of using contraceptive methods for spacing births. With its Indian collaborators, the Population Council’s Frontiers in Reproductive Health (FRONTIERS) program undertook a study to test a model to increase use of postpartum contraception among young pregnant women with a parity of 0 or 1. The study showed that the Behavior Change Communication (BCC) model developed to promote Healthy Timing and Spacing of Pregnancy (HTSP) was effective in promoting the lactational …

Increasing The Accessibility, Acceptability And Use Of The Iud In Gujarat, India, M.E. Khan, Sitanshu Sekhar Kar, Vikas Kishor Desai, Pratibha Patel, B.P. Itare, Sandhya Barge

Reproductive Health

The USAID-funded FRONTIERS Program of the Population Council, in collaboration with the Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of Gujarat, and the Center for Operations Research and Training, Vadodara, conducted an operations research study in India to test the hypothesis that by improving the demand for the IUD and simultaneously strengthening the technical competencies and counseling skills of the providers, use of the IUD use would increase. The findings show that demand-generation activities and provision of good-quality IUD services, together with a supportive programmatic environment, when carried out simultaneously showed increased acceptance of the IUD. The intervention could be …

Creating The Conditions For Scale-Up Of The Men In Maternity Intervention In India, Leila Caleb-Varkey, Anurag Mishra, M.E. Khan

Reproductive Health

The Frontiers in Reproductive Health (FRONTIERS) program conducted an operations research study, called the Men in Maternity (MiM) study, in collaboration with the Employees' State Insurance Corporation of India (ESIC), aimed at involving men in the antenatal and postpartum care of their partners to raise knowledge and use of postpartum contraception and preventive practices against sexually transmitted infections, as well as improving pregnancy outcomes. This report details the MiM scale-up process, which worked well in terms of ESIC assuming ownership of the training component of the program and being able to build capacity for training. However, to further scale up …

Development Of A Quality Assurance Procedure For Reproductive Health Services For District Public Health Systems: Implementation And Scale-Up In The State Of Gujarat, M.E. Khan, Anurag Mishra, Vivek Sharma, Leila Caleb-Varkey

Reproductive Health

This project was carried out in India, in two districts each in Gujarat and Maharashtra states. It confirmed that quality assurance (QA) checklists and an implementation manual, developed by the USAID-funded Frontiers in Reproductive Health (FRONTIERS) Program of the Population Council in collaboration with UNFPA/India, are useful and effective tools that the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MOHFW) can use to monitor the quality of services provided by health facilities. It also demonstrated that this QA mechanism can be easily institutionalized at the district level management. One key lesson has been the critical role that the commitment of state …

Strengthening Postnatal Care Services Including Postpartum Family Planning In Kenya, Annie Mwangi, Charlotte E. Warren, Nancy Koskei, Holly Blanchard

Reproductive Health

The objectives of this study were to develop and introduce a strengthened postnatal care package into one hospital and four health centers in one district in Kenya, to document the feasibility, acceptability, and quality of care of the strengthened postnatal care, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the postnatal package on women’s reproductive health behaviors. The study was implemented jointly by the Population Council’s Frontiers in Reproductive Health (FRONTIERS) project and by Jhpiego’s ACCESS-FP project, both funded by USAID. A postnatal care–family planning orientation package for providers was developed that incorporated relevant maternal and newborn healthcare services in the postnatal …

Improving Communication Between Parents And Adolescents On Reproductive Health And Hiv/Aids, Nafissatou J. Diop, Alioune Diagne

Reproductive Health

Cette recherche opérationnelle avait pour but d’évaluer la fonctionnalité et l’efficacité d’un modèle d’intervention destiné à prendre en charge les besoins d’informations des adolescent(e)s en matière de santé de la reproduction et cela à travers le renforcement et l’amélioration de la communication entre les parents et les enfants/adolescent(e)s. Les résultats ont montré la faisabilité de mettre en place un programme qui est spécifiquement destiné à améliorer le niveau et la qualité de la communication entre les parents/tuteurs et les adolescent(e)s sur les questions de SR/VIH/SIDA et cela malgré le caractère encore sensible de cette question dans le contexte socioculturel sénégalais. …

Developing Comprehensive And Evidence-Based Policy And Guidelines For Antenatal And Postnatal Care In Kwazulu-Natal, Prudence Ditlopo, Mantshi Menziwa, Saiqa Mullick, Saumya Ramarao, Janet Dalton, Dolly Nyasulu, Mags Beksinska, Busi Kunene

Reproductive Health

In May 2004, the Maternal Child and Women’s Health department of Kwazulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa requested technical assistance from the Population Council’s USAID-funded FRONTIERS project for developing standardized and comprehensive antenatal and postnatal (ANC/PNC) care policies and guidelines and supportive training and educational materials. The aims and objectives of this project were to: support the development of a comprehensive evidence-based antenatal and postnatal care program in KZN; consolidate lessons learned and evidence around delivery of comprehensive ANC and PNC; revise provincial guidelines to enable comprehensive ANC and PNC services that address PMTCT, partner involvement, syphilis screening, focused visits, and antiretrovirals; …

Feasibility, Acceptability, Effectiveness And Cost Of Models Of Integrating Hiv Prevention And Counseling And Testing For Hiv Within Family Planning Services In North West Province, South Africa, Saiqa Mullick, Mantshi Menziwa, Nzwakie Mosery, Doctor Khoza, Edwin Maroga

Reproductive Health

The Population Council’s USAID-funded Frontiers in Reproductive Health (FRONTIERS) Program, in collaboration with the National Department of Health and the North West Provincial Department of Health and with support from PEPFAR, initiated a two-phased operations research study to test the acceptability, feasibility, and cost of two different models of integration of counseling and testing for HIV into family planning services in South Africa and to evaluate their effectiveness against standard practice. Based on the studies findings, the report concludes that the integration of HIV prevention activities, including education about prevention, dual protection, and counseling and testing within FP services in …

Technical Assistance For Implementing Best Practices In The Asia And Near East Region, M.E. Khan, Sohini Roychowdhury, Mary Philip Sebastian, Sitanshu Sekhar Kar, Anurag Mishra, Vivek Sharma, G. Narayana, Bhawana Sharma, Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab, Ahmed Afifi

Reproductive Health

The Population Council's Frontiers in Reproductive Health (FRONTIERS) program offered technical assistance to any Asia Near East (ANE) country mission interested in funding adaptation of USAID‟s “best practices” in family planning or reproductive health. The ANE Bureau provided funding for the costs of FRONTIERS technical assistance. The overall objective of this study was to replicate and scale up "best practices" based on findings from FRONTIERS. The specific objectives were to institutionalize the Systematic Screening Instrument in the entire state of Uttarakhand, India; to strenghten emergency contraceptive pills service provision in Uttarakhand, India; and to enhance the use of Lactational Amenorrhea …