Digital Commons Network^™

Developmental Study Of The Mueller-Lyer Illusion Under Conditions Of Restricted Exposure Time & Task Interference, Jerald Clampitt

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The present study brought together two lines of research in an attempt to explain some issues in perceptual development. The first pertained to the Mueller-Lyer illusion which tends to decrease with age. Piaaet attributed this change to increased perceptual activities, such as eye movements in the older subjects. Pollack related it to changes in the physical structure of the eye. Grice attributed the charge partially to cognitive processes, and partially to perceptual activities. Second, the concept of iconic memory was reviewed. Grice had employed the concept of iconic memory in an attempt to relate the age related changes in illusions …

Motivation In Alcoholics To Seek Treatment, Cecil Miller

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The relationships between two personality variables in alcoholics and motivation to seek treatment were examined in this study. The Psych -)logical Screening Inventory (PSI) was administered to a group of 73 alcoholics admitted to a detoxification unit. Before being discharged from the unit each alcoholic was referred to a treatment agency. Each alcoholic was then followed up at the agency to which he was referred. On the basis of this follow-up the alcoholics were divided into two groups; those seeking treatment and those not seeking treatment. No significant differences were found between the two groups on the personality variable measured …

Growth Indicators As A Function Of Cognitive & Affective Experiences In A Structured Classroom Setting, Michael Miller

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Change in self-actualizing, assessed by the Personal Orientation Dimensions (POD), was examined for two sections of a sophomore level psychology class. The subjects were administered the POD at the beginning and the end of the semester. No significant differences were found in the amount of change in self-actualizing between the two groups. It was suggested that college may be a growth experience and that students at the sophomore level will not engage in growth exercises if they feel it is not related to their grades. It was further suggested that more research is needed on the POD and of ways …

Learned Helplessness Through Observation: Failure To Escape Traumatic Shock As A Result Of Observing A Helpless Situation, Donald Jary

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Twenty naïve male and female hooded rats were randomly divided into four groups of five subjects each. The Observe Helpless group was allowed to observe Helpless subjects receive signaled, inescapable electric shock, after which they were tested for effective escape response acquisition. Subjects in the Observe Naïve group were allowed to observe Naïve subjects being given escape-avoidance training using signaled presentations of electric shock, after which the Observe Helpless group was given similar escape-avoidance training. Results indicate that there were significant differences in the acquisition of effective escape responses between the Observe Helpless group and the other two groups. Possible …

The Effects Of Prolonged Alcohol Ingestion During Gestation & Lactation On The Learning Ability Of The Offspring Of Rats, Deanna Lanier

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The present study evaluated the effect of ethanol administration during prenatal and pre-weaning development on the maze learning (i.e., as assessed by performance on a pretrial and a Lashley III Maze) abilities of rat pups. The subjects consisted of 32 rat pups who were cross-fostered within and between the two dam conditions (i.e., alcohol and control) to produce the four groups: pups exposed to alcoholic mothers (1) during gestation and lactation; (2) gestation only; (3) lactation only; and (4) control pups from non-alcoholic mothers. A factorial split-ploy design was employed.

Results indicated a significant main effect of the gestation condition …

Generalization Of Question-Asking From A Training Situation To A Child's Natural Environment, Joan J. Andress

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

A Comparison Of Electromyographic Feedback And Progressive Relaxation In Training Frontalis And Forearm Muscle Relaxation, Denise Ann Dommers

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Differential Preference For Fixed-Time Delay Over Variable-Time Food Presentation, Robert I. Cobez

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Development And Evaluation Of The Programmed Text One Plus One = Three: A Teenager’S Guide To Birth Control, Deborah L. Hollander

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Behavioral Community Psychology: Increasing Participation In A Community-Based Blood Pressure Screening Program, Marcia L. Kane

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Development Of An Employment Clerical Aptitude Test For Use In India, Subhash R. Joshi

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Persistence Of Suppression In Discriminative Punishment Following Several Extinction Procedures, Marion M. Walton

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Use Of A Progressive Ratio Schedule To Measure The Response Strength Of An Operant Maintained By Opportunity To Attack During A Fixed Ratio Schedule Of Food Reinforcement, William F. Uhlman

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Flexible Vs. Instructor-Paced College Quizzing: An Analysis Of Preference And Performance, James A. Atkins

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

A Behavioral Assessment Of Preference For Erotic Visual Stimuli, Robert P. King

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Variable Time Shock Schedules And Time Allocation In Rats: Differential Control By Relative Shock Frequency, Frans Van Haaren

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Movement Therapies: Foundations And Applications For Awareness And Growth, Jody Lynn Shotwell

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

The theoretical and historical foundations of body work and movement therapies are explored. Wilhelm Reich is credited with bringing into prominence the inclusion of the body in psychotherapy. His influence on Alexander Lowen and Fritz Perls is explored in detail. The importance in psychotherapy of breathing, energy, self-expression, spontaneous movement, and awareness is stressed. Six expressive movement therapies -- Gestalt body work, t'ai chi, encounter group exercises, bioenergetic therapy, psychomotor training, and dance therapy -- are described in detail. An evaluation and comparison of the various movement forms is offered, along with suggestions for outcome research in the area. The …

Locus Of Control, Schedule Of Reinforcement, And The Attribution Of Freedom In The Reinforcing Agent, Mary Piechowski

Student Work

Attributions of freedom and the probability of ingratiating to another were assessed in terms of the unpredictability of the reinforcement schedule used by the other and the locus of control of the observer using videotapes. Internal subjects viewing.a situation involving either 0%, 10%, 50%, 90% or 100% reinforcement saw more freedom when less reinforcement occurred. In contrast, external subjects saw more freedom in the unpredictable situations (10%, 50%, 90%) but saw little difference between the 0% and; 100% situations. The effect of variations in reinforcement strategy was investigated in a broader context, as well, using sixteen bi-polar trait adjectives. Several …

Sunshine Outpost, Nez Smith

Theses

"Sunshine Outpost" by Nez Smith presents a comprehensive thesis integrating historical, cultural, and conceptual perspectives on mental health care with the proposal for a community-based mental health center in North Hollywood, California. Rooted in the author's academic journey and personal commitment to community service, the document explores the evolution of mental health treatment, from ancient spiritual interpretations to modern-day community psychiatry. It highlights key developments such as moral treatment in the 19th century, the rise and fall of state institutions, and the legislative reforms of the 20th century, including the Short-Doyle Act and the Lanterman-Petris-Short Act in California.

The proposed …

Total Communication With Hearing, Nonvocal Children: The Validation Of A Program For Generalization Across Settings And Therapists, Lone Milani

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Parent-Infant Interaction: Attachment, Differential Responsiveness And Directional Effects At 8 Months., Lee Wigert

Student Work

Mothers, fathers, and their 8-month old infants were observed at home in a study of the dyadic and triadic interaction processes. The subjects consisted of 20 white, middle- class first-born infants and their parents, whose interactive behaviors were observed in a series of three home visits. The observed infant behaviors of interest were vocalizing, looking, smiling, touching, reaching, 3" proximity, laughing, and crying to the parent, as well as responding to the observer. Infants were tested for proximity seeking and selective responding to ascertain level of attachment. Recorded parental behaviors directed at the infant consisted of vocalizing, looking, smiling, holding, …

A Psychometric Comparison Between Inhouse Versus Externally Developed Retranslation Scales, David Peak

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Using a Behavioral Expectation Scale (BES) format borrowed from the psychology department at the University of California – Berkeley and a BES form developed in and for a Southeastern university psychology department, students’ evaluations of their professors’ teaching performance were examined for interrater reliability, leniency error, variability and discriminability. Results indicate that neither form was psychometrically sound at the Southeastern university. Problems in obtaining sound ratings for the BES form were discussed.

Geriatric Program Evaluation: The Use Of Gardening As A Form Of Activity Therapy Among Institutionalized Elderly, Robert Hobson

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

An attempt was made to evaluate the institutional services provided by a community mental health center's geriatric program. Intervention by geriatric staff involved the use of gardening as a form of activity (remotivational) therapy. It was hypothesized that by involving personal care home client: in gardening, an increase in clients' morale and sociability would be observed. The Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale and Stockton Geriatric Rating Scale were used to assess changes in these areas. Croup 1 contained five clients who actively engaged in gardening. Group 2 contained 17 clients who, although not actively involved in the garden, were nonetheless …

Conceptual Systems Theory And Cognitive Complexity, Thomas T. Colyer

Student Work

The major function of this study was to assess differences in interpersonal cognitive complexity among the four belief systems specified by Harvey’s Conceptual Systems Theory. In addition, criticism is offered of many of the more commonly used indicators of cognitive complexity (e.g. Bieri, 1955) since they tend to identify cognitive complexity with cognitive differentiation. Herein is offered an alternative method of measuring cognitive complexity which is seen as indicating both differentiation and integration. The study used 54 graduate and undergraduate students, of which 35 were females and 19 were males. The alternative method of calculating cognitive complexity relies upon Hinkle’s …

Cognitive Process In Observational Learning, Howard Gordon Shore

Psychology ETDs

Recent theories of observational learning often make a distinction between the acquisition and the performance of new behaviors, yet these theoretical models invariably develop and test hypothetical acquisition processes using performance of the modeled behaviors as the independent variable, thereby introducing uncontrolled performance variables which potentially contaminate experimental results and increase the uncertainty of the conclusions. This study employed paired-associate learning tasks using modeled discrete actions and printed words as stimuli paired with two-digit numbers as the responses which are learned. The learning tasks were presented on film. Since the learned behavioral responses were numbers, rather than modeled behaviors, variables …

The Study Of The Differential Effects Of Visual And Auditory Presentation On Logical Reasoning, Jacob Lauterstein Driesen

Dissertations and Theses

A fundamental task in reasoning is to form some internal representation of the premises that allows the relations between them to be determined. Whether this process is visual or auditory is the subject of a long-standing controversy.

This controversy seems to have reached a stalemate. Another approach is to determine where in the brain reasoning is done. A way of doing this involves looking at differences in the processing and storage of visual and auditory information within the brain. Brooks used this approach in his experiments. His results suggested that a subject who receives spatial information by of the ear …

The Effects Of Postural Position And Interpersonal Orientation On Primary Process Manifestations, John Russell Jacobson

Psychology ETDs

The effects of postural position and interpersonal orientation on primary process manifestations were studied. Forty male and 20 female undergraduate psychology students were randomly assigned to one of four conditions (on a couch facing the experimenter, on a couch but not facing the experimenter, in a chair facing the experimenter, in a chair but not facing the experimenter.) There were 15 subjects in each of the four conditions. Primary process manifestations were measured in terms of the subjects' responses to 15 cards from Form A of the Holtzman Inkblot Test. These responses were then scored for form appropriateness (Holtzman et …

Prediction Of Premature Termination Of Psychotherapy In A Community Mental Health Center, Jane Hoppin

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this study was to determine if prediction of premature termination of psychotherapy through the use of the Barrett-Lennard Inventory. The Study was conducted at health center and involved the clients could be attained Relationship a community mental of five therapists. The Relationship Inventory which assesses the relationship between client and therapist was mailed to clients who had terminated therapy against the advice of their therapists, and to clients who were still in therapy. The clients were asked to fill out the questionnaire anonymously, and send it back to the Center. Demographic data, such as age, sex, marital …

The Effects Of Density, Group Size, Time, Sex & Locus Of Control On Crowding Stress, Sherry Wilk

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

This study examined, in an experimental setting, the effects of density, group size, sex, length of time, and locus of control on crowding stress. Subjects of the same sex were placed in either small or big groups of either high or low density, observed for two (early & late) 32 minute periods, and then requested to complete a questionnaire containing several dependent measures. Although the seven dependent measures of crowding stress (facial regard, fidgeting, feelings of comfort and well-being, interpersonal attraction, temporal estimation, spatial estimation, & altruism) were found to be relatively independent of each other, all were effected by …

Rokeach's Two-Attitude Theory Of Behavior: An Evaluation And Empirical Test, Wayne A. White

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

When Social scientists first became interested in the concept of attitude it was assumed that attitudes were related to human social behavior. Most early definitions of the attitude concept reflected an assumption that attitudes are a precursor of behavior. This assumption was brought into question during the 1930's by research findings that indicated a lack of correspondence between attitudes and behavior. Numerous research strategies developed since that time have generally failed to produce strong support for the assumed relationship between attitudes and behavior.