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Effects Of Reinforcement On The Iq Scores Of Preschool Children As A Function Of Initial Iq, Richard H. Weiss

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effects of tokens as reinforcers on IQ test performance was investigated in 45 preschool Head Start children. There were 63 children assessed using the Slosson Intelligence Test for Children (SIT), and based upon these scores, were divided into three IQ groups: low, average and high. There were 15 children randomly selected from each group and within each of these groups, subjects were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: Control (C) , Pretest experimental (E₁), and no pretest experimental (E₂). The C and E₁ groups were administered the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT), Form …

Comparing Two Methods Of Teaching Inter-Personal Relationship Skills To Student Nurses In Training Programs, Elizabeth Ann Bertoch

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine which of two methods of teaching interpersonal relationship skills to student nurses was the most effective. The two methods compared were the traditional "established" method and a programmed group teaching method, the Basic Interpersonal Relations program.

Subjects were 45 sophomore associated degree nursing students in their psychiatric rotation.

Subjects were administered as pretests and posttests the Leory Interpersonal Checklist (ICL) and the Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation-Behavior (FIRO-B).

Four groups were formed. Two groups (I and IV) were taught in the "established" way and in two groups (II and III), the Basic Interpersonal …

The Development Of A Values Assessment Device Based Upon The Assumptions Underlying The Direct Approach To Moral Education, Todd Scott Larsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purposes of the present research were two-fold. The first purpose was the development of a test construction strategy by which an objective assessment device, based upon the unique goals of moral education within a specific school district, may be developed. The second purpose was the actual development of a psychometrically sound instrument based upon such goals. To accomplish these aims, seven interrelated studies were conducted involving a total of 775 subjects.

The rationale for the nature of the test was based upon the assumptions of the direct approach to moral education. These assumptions are that children should learn and …

Conscious Anxiety, Conscious Repression And Ego-Strength As Related To Dream Recall, Content And Vividness, David Newbold

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Subjects' reported dream recall frequency, dream content and vividness or recall were discussed and examined in relation to sex of the subject and MMPI Conscious Anxiety, Conscious Repression and Ego-strength scores.

Fifty-three Utah State University students, who volunteered to participate in a study of dreaming behavior, were administered the MMPI and asked to complete a dream log diary. The dream log required a daily recording of total number of dreams recalled, the number of vividly and vaguely recalled dreams and a rating of each dream in one of four dream content-process categories. Content-process categories included pleasurable, working, conflict and disorganized/frightening …

A Proposed Method Of Student Selection Using A Biographical Inventory As An Adjunctive Predictive Criterion, Jeffrey Scott Orme

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this paper was to investigate whether or not the use of a biographical inventory would be a feasible and viable adjunctive means of making more accurate predictions of student success in programs of upper-division and graduate study in speech pathology and audiology. During the past years, biographical inventories have been found to be predictive of creativity, performance as a military officer, performance in varied occupations, and academic performance. It was hypothesized that a biographical inventory could be developed which, when used in conjunction with the existing academic predictors of Grade Point Average and Graduate Records Examination scores, …

A Comparison Of Cerebral Electrotherapy And Relaxation As Anxiolytics, Robert B. Shelton Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The treatment of anxiety is assumed to be fundamental to the alleviation of various kinds of psychopathology. Because of the unwanted side effects of anxiety reducing (anxiolytic) drugs, non-pharmacological treatments should be investigated. A considerable body of literature exists on the use of relaxation techniques, such as progressive muscle relaxation, as anxiolytic methods. Previously published reports have suggested that cerebral electrotherapy (CET) also possesses anxiolytic properties. In this study 33 subjects from an alcohol rehabilitation unit were randomly divided into three groups. The treatment subjects received seven 1/2 hour sessions of CET using bi-polar electrodes and .3 ma current or …

Regulation Of Sodium Intake In The Mongolian Gerbil, Kevin Douglas Stark

Master's Theses

In the present study, two experiments were conducted to examine how the gerbil (Merinos Unguiculatus) responds to a chronic sodium deficiency. Adult male gerbils with a mean body weight of 79.81 grams, were maintained for a baseline period on a normal Purina Rat Chow and then they were placed on a salt-free diet. In addition they had ad lib access to a salt solution and water in a two bottle test situation. The saline concentration was cut in half and doubled to test for regulation. There was no significant overall increase in saline consumption (expressed as a percentage of total …

Masculinity, Femininity, & Androgyny : The Interaction Of College Students With Preschoolers, Jan Alexandra Jones

Master's Theses

The rel ationshi p between sex-typing and the interacti on of col l ege students with 2- to 4-year-ol d male and female children was examined. Seventy-one Introductory Psychol ogy students were admini stered the Bern Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI), which was scored in terms of the 7 factors introduced by Walker & Preston (1979). Small groups of 3 and 4 individuals were randomly selected to spend 20 minutes in the Child Development Lab, where they had the opportunity to interact with the children, to play with the toys, to observe, and to inter­ act with each other. The behavior of …

Touching In The Psychotherapeutic Encounter, Kim Glaser Selbert

Theses

This thesis explores the role of physical touch as an adjunct to psychotherapy, analyzing both its therapeutic benefits and potential risks. Touch, defined in this study as physical contact including handshakes, touches on the arm or shoulder, hugs, kisses, and massage, is considered a fundamental human need and communication tool that extends across cultures and species. Drawing from psychological literature, developmental research, and the history of therapeutic practice, the study traces how touch has evolved in psychotherapy—from pre-Freudian physical treatments to Freud's rejection of touch in favor of neutrality, and to contemporary views that embrace limited, intentional touch as therapeutic. …

The Imitation Of Prosocial Behaviors In Children: The Effects Of Peer And Adult Models And Vicarious Reinforcement, Richard Louis Sanok

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of the present laboratory study was to investigate the relative effects of sharing and nonsharing peer and adult models on the facilitation of prosocial behaviors with and without reinforcement to the model. One hundred and sixty second and third grade children served as subjects and were randomly assigned to six treatment groups and one control group. For replication purposes, half of the subjects participated in each condition prior to the second half doing so.

Children in the treatment groups viewed videotaped sequences portraying both a male and female model sharing or not sharing tokens with poor children. Models …

The Voyage Of Consciousness In People, Deborah M. Rogers

Theses

The Voyage of Consciousness in People explores the complex, layered development of human consciousness through a psychological and spiritual framework rooted in transpersonal and yogic traditions. Deborah M. Rogers presents consciousness as a dynamic process, best understood as a "voyage" through a spectrum of internal experiences and developmental stages. Drawing heavily on Eastern philosophy—particularly the chakra system of Tantric Yoga—she maps human awareness across seven levels: Physical, Affect, Effect, Mental, Ego, Transpersonal, and Pure Consciousness. Each level correlates with one of the seven major chakras and includes a progression through seven depths or "bands" of consciousness, adapted from Ken Wilber’s …

Dissociation, Association And Running Time, Dana L. Miller

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The objective of this research was to investigate relationship between dissociative and associative cognitive strategies for coping with the discomfort of running and running performance.

Subjects were volunteers enrolled in two Dynamic Fitness classes which were taught during Spring Quarter, 1980, at Utah State University. Class A consisted of 36 subjects (24 male, 12 female) and Class B consisted of 28 subjects (13 male, 15 female). All pretest, posttest, and treatment procedures were conducted during the class's respective regularly scheduled meeting times.

Subjects completed a 2.75 mile, timed, pretest run and were systematically assigned to one of three groups based …

The Effects Of Taped Relaxation Training On Physiological Events And Home And Classroom Behavior Of Hyperactive Children, Phyllis L. Cole

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A multiple baseline design across subjects was employed to study the effects of taped relaxation training on frontalis EMG, EEG alpha and theta activity, finger skin temperature, and classroom and home behavior (Experiment I) of three male elementary school children identified as hyperactive by their classroom teachers and parents on behavior rating scales for hyperactivity. The three subjects ranged in age from 5 years 10 months to 7 years 9 months, with a mean age of 6 years 8 months. Four physiological variables of the subjects were monitored during daily sessions from Monday to Friday in a laboratory setting. After …

The Effects Of Various Levels Of Counselor-Offered Empathy On Client Anxiety In The Initial Counseling Session, Duncan R. Adams

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of the present study was two-fold: (1) to investigate various degrees of counselor-offered empathy in initial interviews, in order to determine whether consistently high levels of counselor-- offered empathy in the initial therapy interview causes high levels of client anxiety, and (2) to determine whether increased client anxiety or the levels of counselor-offered empathy that the client receives in the initial counseling interview affects the client's likelihood to continue in counseling following one session. To accomplish the purpose of the study 27 high-anxiety and 27 low-anxiety undergraduate, incentive volunteers were seen in an initial counseling session by one …

Assertion Training Groups: Therapist-Directed And Self-Directed Goal Orientation Methods, Lawrence George Jarvis

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The present study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of two methods of goal specification in Assertion Training groups as assessed by two self-report measures, the Goal Attainment Scaling process and the Assertion Inventory. An Assertion Training group method having specific behavioral steps for approaching individualized goals was represented as the Therapist-Directed Assertion Training group. The second Assertion Training group was a Self-Directed group that allowed subjects to independently set and approach their own goals without the assistance of therapists in setting goals. Subjects were selected from among individuals who volunteered for the Assertion Training group in response to solicitation …

Nonidentity Matching-To-Sample With Retarded Adolescents: Stimulus Equivalences And Sample-Comparison Control, Robert Stromer

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In Experiment 1, four subjects were trained to match two visual samples (A) and their respective nonidentical visual comparisons (B); i.e., A-B matching. During nonreinforced test trials, all subjects demonstrated stimulus equivalences within the context of sample-comparison reversibility (B-A matching): When B stimuli were used as samples, appropriate responding to A comparisons occurred. A-B and B-A matching persisted given novel stimuli as alternate comparisons. However, the novel comparisons were consistently selected in the presence of nonmatching stimuli: i.e., during trials comprised of a novel comparison, an A or B sample from one stimulus class, and an "incorrect" comparison from the …

Hypnosis, Pain Control And Personality Change In Rheumatoid Arthritic Patients, G. Craig Orme

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this project was to examine the effect of hypnosis as a treatment in the control of pain in a population of rheumatoid arthritic patients and further to examine any associated change in emotionality.

Three groups of patients suffering from the pain of rheumatoid arthritis were selected. One group served as a control group. The other two groups served as a modified control group and as a treatment group, respectively.

All three groups were pre, mid, and post-tested using the McGill Pan Questionnaire, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, the California Personality Inventory Well-Being scale items, and a check …

The Interaction Of Locus Of Control And The Structure Of Relaxation Training, Bevan Todd Graybill

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the thesis that matching locus of control with therapeutic treatment enhances behavior change. This idea was tested by comparing the effectiveness of a structured. and an unstructured. home practice of relaxation for internal and external locus of control subjects. It was expected that internal locus of control subjects would respond better to the unstructured. training method and external locus of control subjects would respond better to the structured technique.

The subjects were 80 undergraduate college students. Forty internal locus of control students and 40 external locus of control students, with the highest …

Primary Representational Systems As A Basis For Improved Comprehension And Communication, Alan Thomas "Chip" Mattar

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this dissertation was to determine the usefulness of primary representational systems (prs) as a basis for improved comprehension and communication. Primary representational systems were discussed as being cognitive representations of experience which are revealed through auditory (A), visual (V), or kinesthetic (K) language.

Specifically, this study tested Bandler and Grinder's assumption that an identified A, V, or K individual would better comprehend a communication which contained predicates representative of that individual's prs. Comprehension was operationalized into general information (GI) and specific predicate usage (SPU) segments in order to isolate possible group differences on this dimension.

A total …

Teacher Strategies To Improve Pupil Self-Concept, Kathleen L. Van Horn

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this research was to assess the effects of the Utah State University Pupil Self-Concept Program on the performance of inservice elementary school teachers and on the self-concepts of pupils in their classrooms. Four volunteer teachers were trained in the Self-Concept behaviors as part of an inservice course. A single-subject multiple baseline design was used to determine teacher effects for these four teachers. The first teacher was the main subject, and the study was then directly replicated three times using the other three experimental teachers. Data on these four subjects were collected through observation of program-related teacher behaviors. …

The Effect Of Modeling On Cooperation In The Laboratory And In The Natural Environment, Janice V. Siegel

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In this study a multiple-baseline design was used to determine the effectiveness of three different modeling sequences in increasing cooperative behavior in children in a laboratory situation. The research also assessed the short- and long-term effects of the laboratory procedures on children's behavior in a free-play setting.

Subjects were 9 pairs of preschool-aged children. In the laboratory situation pairs of subjects performed a block-stacking task which allowed them to respond either cooperatively or independently. Following baseline periods of varying lengths, the pairs of children were exposed to one of three videotapes of cooperative models. In Tape 1 adult models demonstrated …

Characteristics Of Mentor Relationships In Male And Female University Professors, Charlotte B. Miller

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Graduate school socialization and mentoring are based on adult development theory as articulated by Jung, Erickson, and Levinson. As adults mature, they go through several stages of detaching from family and learning how to live in the world. During this period (which encompasses undergraduate and graduate education), special relationships are often formed to help ease the transition to adulthood by providing advice and mentoring.

A mentor is a person who helps guide another person into a profession and contributes to his or her professional development. The mentor may serve as a professional role model and teacher, providing encouragement, direction, information, …

Affective Responsivity To Varying Modes Of Police Dress, William Taylor

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

During the social turmoil of the 1960's, the expression of anti-establishment attitudes and the consequent rebellion against authority brought law enforcement agencies across the United States into frequent and often violent confrontation with citizens. Responding to what was perceived as a negative image of police, law enforcement agencies began to change their traditional uniform to a "soft-look" civiliantype blazer uniform. The movement to change the uniform was based on the assumption--which had not been empirically examined--that the traditional uniform with its official insignia and other accouterments overwhelmed citizens and engendered a wide range of negative reactions and that removal of …

The Translation Of Elementary Principles Of Behavior From English To Persian, Kambiz Alavi

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

A Study Of The Effects Of Changes In Response Requirement On Lever Preference In A Discrete-Trial Choice Procedure, Charles L. Lowe

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

State-Trait Anxiety And Incidental Learning Of Shapes And Colors In Learning Disabled Adolescents, Ladonna Gail Cabell

Master's Theses

The present study attempted to examine the effects of anxiety on incidental learning of colors and shapes. The central task was the learning of six eve syllables with meaningfulness association values between 2.41 and 2.49. The incidental taslc was the learning of the color or shape that the syllable was printed on. The subjects were thirty-four male and female adolescents identified as learning disabled. The subjects were divided into three anxiety groups (high, medium and low) using Spielberger's State­ Trait Anxiety Inventory. The results· indicated that anxiety (state or trait) had no significant effect on incidental learning in adolescent subjects. …

An Analysis Of The Peak S H Ift Explanation O F Response Summation, Jeanne Page

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of An Alternative Training Program And Increased Rates Information On Halo Error And Accuracy, Robert J. Jones

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

No abstract provided.

On The Transformation Of Reality, Maurice Lecroy

Theses

Unavailable.

The Effects Of High Versus Low Amplitude Training Of 9-13 Hertz Eeg Activity On The Seizure Rate Of Refractory Epileptics, Bob Dubinsky

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.