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Cognitive Evaluations Using Human Figure Drawings: An Empirical Investigation Of Two Methods, Steven C. Abell

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between Family Environment And Late Adolescent Personality As Reflected In Gender-Role Socialization, Steve Macuk

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Factors Related To Multiple Role Adjustment In Mexican American Working Women, Mary Ann H. Garcia

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Factors Related To Patient Report Of Cognitive Difficulties Following Head Injury, Gene E. Alexander

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Lateralization Of Asynchronous Stimuli, Mark A. Stellmack

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Are Religious Experiences Too Extraordinary To Be Trusted?, Georg Herlitz

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Glucose, Exercise, And Short-Term Memory, Brenda Davidson, Cheryle Sanders, Gwendolyn K. Murdock

Modern Psychological Studies

This investigation determined the short-term memory effects of glucose and exercise. It was hypothesized that (a) glucose enhances short-term memory and (b) intense exercise diminishes short-term memory. Subjects were middle-aged volunteers who regularly exercise. Two within-subjects variables were (a) glucose vs. no-glucose, and (b) before- vs. after exercise. A between-subjects variable was no-glucose beverage type: aspartame, saccharin, or water. Performance on Subtest IV of the Wechsler Memory Scale was the dependent variable. A glucose by exercise interaction suggested an influence of fitness level. In a second experiment, short-term memory was assessed before, and at 20-min. intervals after exercise. Weight and …

The Priming Effects Of Parental Divorce On Relationship Attitudes, Donna Wetzel, Faye D. Plascak-Craig

Modern Psychological Studies

Past findings frequently reported that children with divorced parents exhibit negative behaviors at some time following the divorce, however, data have not consistently demonstrated attitudinal effects. In this study, 70 college undergraduates, half with divorced parents and half with intact families, were administered an original survey for recording ratings of relationship attitudes and eight semantic differential scales. Although adult children of divorced parents rated their parents relationships less positively than did those from intact families, there were no differences by parental history in their relationship fears. There were semantic differences in ratings of five constructs (FAMILY, FATHER, MARRIAGE, PERSONAL RELATIONSHIP, …

International Student Design Competition Of Two Community Elementary Schoolyards, Roger Hart, Cindi Katz, Selim Iltus, Maria Rosario Mora

Publications and Research

As part of the project for the Participatory Design of Two Community Elementary Schoolyards in Harlem, P.S. 185 and P.S. 208 (The Schoolyards Project), the Children's Environments Research Group of the City University of New York held an International Student Design Competition for the design of these schoolyards. The competition drew sixty entries from various countries. The jury met on October 10, 1990 and awarded one First Prize and five Honorable Mentions. A landscape architect was then hired to utilize the best ideas, together with the architectural program which had been produced with the school and the surrounding community.

Psychiatric Decisions Regarding Pharmacotherapeutic And Psychotherapeutic Treatments For Clinical Depression, Sheri Hansmeier Cheung

Whittier Scholars Program

The factors involved in deciding which treatments to use with depressed patients are complex and often clouded by conflicting beliefs and statistics. This paper attempts to clarify some of these issues by examining the role of the psychiatrist in the treatment of depression and how different treatment plans may have distinctly different effects on the depressed patient.

Choice, Commitment And Time Horizon, Sandra Lyn '92

Honors Projects

Timberlake, Gawley, and Lucas (1986) found that rats were unable to anticipate future resources (food) that were delayed by 16 minutes or more. The 15 minute period during which the rats were able to anticipate food which would be available in the future IS called the time horizon. The present experiment sought an explanation of the fact that the animals in the Timberlake et al (1986) study could not anticipate free food beyond 15 minutes and to also examine whether the time horizon of rats can be lengthened. In most sessions, a single response bar (left or right) was presented …

Extinction-Induced Aggression In Laboratory Rats, Amy K. Rajala '92

Honors Projects

In a study by Azrin et al. (1966), it was found that pigeons attacked other pigeons when the transition from a food reinforcement schedule to an extinction schedule was employed. These aggressive behaviors that appear due to the implementation of an extinction schedule, however, has not been widely studied in the laboratory rat. Examples of the types of phenomena that have been given attention with regard to laboratory rat aggression are male aggression in a mixed-sex colony toward male intruders, attack elicited by the application of aversive stimuli, and female-elicited aggression of male rats living in colonies. The expression of …

The Autoshaping Procedure As A Residual Block Clock, James Dougan, James Dinsmoor, John Pfister, Edda Thiels

Scholarship

In the first experiment, 4 pigeons were each presented with a recurring sequence of four key colors followed by the delivery of grain (block clock). Once the rate of pecking had stabilized, three of the colors were replaced, during different series of sessions, by a darkening of the key. The rate of pecking was reduced within those segments of the interval between deliveries of food during which the key was dark; when the key was dark during the final portion of the interval, rates were reduced throughout the entire interval. In the second experiment, 3 new pigeons were exposed to …

Demographic And Background Characteristics Of Learning Disabled Adults, Pamela S. Wiegartz '92

Honors Projects

Although learning disabilities (LD) are widely discussed in the literature, many aspects of the field remain ambiguous and confusing. The validity of research on LD is compromised by the use of discrepant definitions. These incompatible and often insufficient criteria also make it nearly impossible to draw generalizable conclusions from many studies. Further , there has been surprisingly little research done describing demographic characteristics of the LD population, with most of these studies focusing on children. Prior studies have indicated correlations between learning disabilities and such factors as handedness, gender, prior family history of the disorder and birth trauma. The present …

The Effect Of Field Dependence And Target Type On Search Time, Joe Buissink

Modern Psychological Studies

This study investigated search time as a function of field dependence and target type. Thirty-nine students were given the Gropp Embedded Figures Test (GEFT). Two female and two male students each were randomly selected from the first and fourth quartiles. These eight participants were given forty-five sets of background letters in which they were to locate either a specific number, a specific letter, or an any number target. The field independent participants located the embedded targets much more quickly than the field dependent participants. It was expected that the differences in scan times for target types would be significant, however, …

The Role Of Hair Color In The Perception Of Attractiveness, Pamela R. Hinney

Modern Psychological Studies

The concept of attractiveness pervades every aspect of society in the United States. Attractiveness is used to manipulate decisions, desires, and even needs; in turn, society allows itself to be manipulated by the same concept of attractiveness. This study was designed to determine if hair color plays a role in the perception of attractiveness. A questionnaire was administered to 36 West Virginia State College students. An Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied to the data and a significant difference was found among blonde, brunette, and red hair color categories: F (2,99) = 14.92 p< .05. The experimental hypothesis that hair color plays a role in the perception of attractiveness was supported.

Gender And Sterotyping In The United States And Spain, Suzanne Whitmore

Modern Psychological Studies

This study investigated sex-trait stereotypes across two nations, the United States and Spain. Past research by Williams & Best (1990) examined gender-stereotyping within the same countries with children, and a more recent study by Best & Williams (D. L. Best, personal communication, November 25, 1991) surveyed 100 students from each of 25 countries. Male characteristics were found to be more socially desirable than those identified as characteristic of women and were rated higher by both males and females. Although the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) has been widely used in the United States in measuring traits considered either masculine or …

The Effects Of Modality And Stimilus Type On Memory For Frequency, Kelly Pritchard

Modern Psychological Studies

The effect of presentation modality and stimulus type on memory for frequency was examined. In Experiment 1, forty undergraduate students viewed or handled 21 three-dimensional items. Items were either (a) geometric shapes, (b) nonsense objects, or (c) familiar items and occurred either 2, 4, or 6 times, creating a randomly ordered list of 72 items. Subjects were tested in the same modality on their memory for frequency of those items. Subjects were able to distinguish between items which occurred less frequently versus those which occurred more often. The average frequency estimates for nonsense and familiar items were closest to the …

Abbe Center For Community Mental Health Adult Day Treatment Program Evaluation, Kathryn Ann Johnson

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of the present study was to determine if psychiatric clients admitted to the Adult Day Treatment Program at the Abbe Center for Community Mental Health made progress on individualized treatment goals developed using a GAS (Goal Attainment Scaling) system . Research subjects were 41 clients admitted to either the Intensive or Supportive Programs at the Abbe Center during a 1 year time period. Individualized treatment goals were developed for each client and measures of these goals took place upon admission to the program, at monthly intervals, at discharge from the program, and at 3 months post-discharge. Statistical analyses …

Charisma, Empathy, And The Experience Of Telepathy, James M. Donovan

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

A critique is offered of the preference of parapsychology for physical explanatory models for telepathy. Discussion shows this trend emerging from the combined effects of historical accident. An alternative explanatory model is offered which draws upon the rich but underutilized psychological foundations of parapsychology. Emphasizing telepathy's original definition as a communication event, two other phenomena are held to fall into the same class of events: charisma and empathy. Concepts traditionally used to understand charisma and empathy are shown to be equally suited for modeling telepathy. Experimental, theoretical, and especially philosophical implications of this "possible world" model are addressed throughout.

The Relationship Between Marital Violence And Abuse/Neglect And Depressive Symptoms And Suicidal Thoughts In Adolescent Females, Veena Suneja

Theses

The relationship of marital violence and adolescent abuse/neglect with depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts in adolescent females was studied. Sixty four adolescent females from two youth centers and five residential facilities were studied. Subjects ranged in age from 12 to 17, were currently in grades 7 to 11, practiced various religions, were racially mixed (56% white; 37% black; and 7% Hispanic). Most subjects lived with their mother or mother and a male. The subjects were divided into three groups: those who did not witness marital violence (group 1), those who witnessed marital violence occasionally (group 2) and those who witnessed …

The Disinhabited Body: A Somatic View Of Personality Development And Psychotherapy, Mecca Antonia Burns

Theses

The body's role in personality development. and psychotherapy :is investigated. The "mind/body split" which pervades our culture prevents us from fully experiencing bodily sensation.

This phenomenon is deeply rooted in the psychophysical dualism postulated by Descartes, and chapter one inquires into the reasons why his theories took hold so firmly. There is a prevailing tendency to treat mind and body as separate entities, and I examine the reasons for this. The emotions appear to be a link between body and mind, but this is specifically where resistance can enter in.

In chapter two, we look at the process in terms …

An Examination Of Attitudes In Females Identified With An Eating Disorder, Iris Jo-Ann Lee

Theses

The main purpose of this study was to investigate attitude demonstrated by participants in an outpatient multidimensional group treatment program for eating disorders. The problem concerned clarifying the attitudinal differences between eating disordered and non-eating disordered females after involvement in a time-limited treatment group. Procedural guidelines of the study were described for two groups designated as 5 eating disordered experimental subjects and 29 non-eating disordered control comparison subjects. Both groups completed the Eating Disorder Inventory, a 64-item self- report inventory which allowed measurement at pretest and posttest intervals. Data from this measure were collected before the beginning of treatment and …

Kinetic Family Drawings Of Chinese-American Children, Verna Nga-Fun Chuah

Dissertations

Problem. America is a country enriched with a diversity of cultural backgrounds. Information on Chinese-American children and their families is limited even though the Chinese are one of the main minority groups in America and increasingly more Chinese are migrating here. This study sought to use the Kinetic Family Drawing (KFD) as a tool to gain information about how Chinese-American children perceive themselves and their family relationships.

Method. The KFD was administered to 146 Chinese-Americans from three schools in Northern California: one in Oakland Chinatown, one in San Francisco Chinatown, and one private suburban San Francisco school. The 71 Caucasian-American …

Processing Effects On A Context-Sensitive Fragment Completion Test, Brenda Darlene Nash

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The present research examined the effects of conceptual processing on the implicit test of fragment completion. At study, subjects either generated a sentence to a word pair, solved a fragment (this fragment was paired with another word), or counted the number of vowels in a word pair. Subjects were tested on either a standard fragment completion test or a test in which the fragment was embedded in a meaningful sentence. This sentence also contained the other member of the studied pair. The fragment could be completed with the studied word or with another reasonable alternative. The results revealed functional independence …

Living On The Edge: Families' Experience Of Developmental Disability And Mental Illness Across The Life Cycle, Don R. Roth

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This qualitative research document provides an in-depth description of families’ experience of both developmental disability and mental illness (i.e., "dual diagnosis") across the life cycle. This thesis is devoted to listening to family members as they tell their story beginning with the early years of family life, then through childhood and adolescence, and into young adulthood with their family member. This research describes the process of how families developed a framework to interpret and make sense of the world around them. Then, the research integrates these families’ experience over the life cycle with models of family stress and coping in …

Base Rates, Individuating Information, Expertise, And Transfer Of Knowledge In Judgment Under Uncertainty, Owen Helmkay

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Numerous studies suggest that in judging an individual’s category membership, people largely ignore the population frequency membership in the category (base rate information) in favour of the individuating information about that particular individual (more commonly referred to as the “Base Rate Fallcy”: Bar-Hillel, 1980). One particularly interesting strategy that has been shown to increase the use of base rate information is what Ginossar and Trope (1987) refer to as the Prior Activation Assumption. The purpose of this thesis was to extend the boundaries of Ginossar and Trope’s (1987) findings by enhancing participants’ use of base rate information through the manipulation …

The Impact Of Hierarchical Relationship Quality On The Content And Timing Of Evaluative Feedback: An Affectively-Driven Process Model, Peter Lawrence Egan

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

A review of the literature revealed that interpersonal affect has been relatively neglected as a potential moderator of the performance feedback process. In an attempt to ameliorate this oversight, a model was proposed which views supervisors’ feedback behavior as being the product of a set of social cognitive operations, all of which may be regarded as having their basis in affective responses. A laboratory study was undertaken to assess the validity of the proposed linkages in the model. While all of the connections did not receive empirical support, affect. was found to influence certain aspects of supervisors’ feedback and evaluative …

A Comparison Of Alphanumeric, Direct Manipulation Graphic, And Equivalent Interface Design For A Production Scheduling Task, Ann C. Fulop

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Scheduling is an essential factor influencing the efficiency of any production system. The effectiveness of the scheduling system depends upon the interaction of the human and machine. Thus, to effectively design the interface between the human and the machine, the human factors professional must understand scheduling behavior and the information requirements of the scheduling task. The present study modeled human scheduling behavior and determined the information requirements of the scheduling task. The study also compared alphanumeric, direct manipulation graphic, and equivalent interfaces to determine which interface best supports scheduling. The results of the study show that schedulers monitor the current …

Nova University Master's Programs In Child Care, Youth Care, And Family Support 1992–1993 Catalog, Nova University

Abraham S. Fischler College of Education and School of Criminal Justice College Archive

No abstract provided.