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The Discursive Construction Of Selfhood In Chinese And Euro-American Mother-Infant Interactions, Heidi Keller, Carolin Demuth

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

No abstract provided.

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Morality From A Cultural Psychology Perspective, Lutz H. Eckensberger

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

No abstract provided.

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Effects Of Father Absence On Adolescent Depression, Sexual Attitudes, And Substance Use, Nicole M. Hurtack

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between father absence and depression, sexual attitudes, and substance use on adolescents. Data were collected from forty-nine high school students (28 males, 21 females) from ninth to twelfth grade from a private high school in Pennsylvania. The Beck Depression Inventory-II was used to measure levels of depression. A sexual attitudes and substance use, and family demographic survey were also administered. The results of this study provided no support for the hypothesized relationship between adolescent adjustment and father absence. Father absence did not significantly predicted sexual attitudes, depression or substance …

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Medicating Children: The Enduring Controversy Over Adhd And Pediatric Stimulant Pharmacotherapy, Rick Mayes, Jennifer L. Erkulwater, Catherine Bagwell

Political Science Faculty Publications

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) holds the distinction of being both the most extensively studied pediatric mental disorder and one of the most controversial. This is partly due to the fact that it is also the most commonly diagnosed mental disorder among minors. On average, one in every ten to 15 children in the U.S. has been diagnosed with the disorder and one in every 20 to 25 uses a stimulant medication—often Ritalin, Adderall, or Concerta—as treatment. The biggest increase in youth diagnosed with ADHD and prescribed a stimulant drug occurred during the 1990s, when the prevalence of physician visits …

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Family Structure And Psychological Factors: The Effects Of Family-Of-Origin Variables On Young Adults' Psychological Well-Being, Catherine E. Morgan

Masters Theses

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between family structure and life satisfaction in young adults. Additionally, the study examined explanatory style, parenting style, family cohesion, family satisfaction, and the presence of siblings as potential moderating factors between divergent family structures and levels of life satisfaction in young adults. Ninety male and 121 female university students completed a demographic survey, the Parental Authority Questionnaire, the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales IV, the Attribution Style Questionnaire, the Family Satisfaction Scale, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. As anticipated, results indicated that participants who grew up in single parent and step-family …

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Tools For The Assessment Of Undergraduate Research Outcomes, Linda Rueckert

Psychology & Gerontology Faculty Publications

The recent focus on the importance of assessment has resulted in the development of a number of tools to assess student learning outcomes (e.g. Angelo & Cross, 1993). However, most of these tools have focused on what students learn in the classroom. The outcomes of student involvement in research tend to be less well defined, and therefore more difficult to measure, than the outcomes of traditional classroom learning. Nevertheless, some of the existing assessment tools may be appropriate for the assessment of learning through research, and others have recently been developed explicitly for that purpose (e.g. Lopatto, 2004; Tariq, Stefani, …

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The Effects Of Cardiorespiratory Fitness On Behavioral And Neuroelectric Indices Of Cognition In Young Adults, Elizabeth K. Mraz '08

Honors Projects

Effects ofcardiorespiratory fitness on cognition were assessed for 72 young adults. Participants completed an executive control task while behavioral and neuroelectric indices ofcognition were obtained. Behavioral (reaction time, response accuracy) and neuroelectric (P3 amplitude, P3 latency) measures ofcognitive function and processing were examined in relation to fitness to determine the unique influence offitness on cognition. A graded maximal exercise test was used to measure fitness by assessing maximal oxygen consumption. Higher fitness was associated with a smaller difference in P3 amplitude across expectancies as well as a longer P3 latency at the central midline site, suggesting a relationship between fitness …

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The Effects Of Social Ostracism On Frontal Lobe Electroencephalogram Activity, Jennifer A. Morozink '08

Honors Projects

This project is part of a larger investigation involving personality traits and their relation to the individual's response to ostracism as well as effects of social ostracism on frontal lobe EEG activity.

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The "Evolution" Of Media: The Influence Of A Media Literacy Campaign On Self Esteem And Body Image, Vasiliki D. Dremonas '08

Honors Projects

For decades, society has criticized the media for instigating many of the physical, social, and psychological maladies that affect females of all ages. However, recent advertising approaches, namely the Dove Campaign for Real Beauty, endeavor to sell products by responsibly endorsing attainable beauty ideals. The present study seeks to empirically evaluate whether campaign efforts like Dove's are successful at reducing negative female body image, or whether they are instead counterproductive to their goal due to what social psychologists term "sleeper effect" processes. 102 female undergraduates were either exposed to the Dove commercial Evolution in its entirety, Evolution in part, or …

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Behavioral Responses To Predictable And Unpredictable Competitors And C-Fos Expression In The Amygdala And Nucleus Accumbens, Jennifer Schnupp '08

Honors Projects

The present study examined the effects of the presence of a competitoron the behavior of individual rats in a foraging paradigm as was done in Farmer-Dougan, Dougan, Knight, Toelle, and Chandrashekar (2007). Rats foraged for food in a large open field, with pellets delivered in one patch on a Variable Interval schedule (VI). During alone conditions, each rat foraged by itself. During the unpredictable competitor condition, a competitor rat was introduced on an unpredictable basis on the last day of foraging. In this condition, the rats displayed avoidance behavior and were significantly undermatching as was observed in Farmer-Dougan et al. …

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Evaluating Community Participation In Health Care Decision-Making: The Case Of The Airdie/North Rocky View Health Needs Project, Aleisha Dawn Harrington

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Rising health care costs combined with limited health resources have made it essential for health agencies around the world to identify successful and affordable ways to prevent disease and promote health. Several national and international documents have proposed that increased community participation in health matters is one potential approach. While many of these reports detail the benefits of and need for community participation in health care decision-making, they provide little information as to how this should be achieved. The result has been a myriad of interpretations, interventions and practices of community participation. According to several scholars, evaluations are needed that …

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Pigeons’ Memory For Time: Assessment Of The Role Of Subjective Shortening In The Duration Of Comparison Procedure, Patrick Van Rooyen

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

In Experiment 1, pigeons were trained with a 1-s baseline s-c delay in a duration comparison procedure to peck one key if a comparison duration (c) was 1-s shorter than a standard duration (s), and another key if c was 1-s longer than s. The duration pairs used prevented pigeons from relying on the absolute duration of c on some trials (comparison common) while on other trials they could rely on the absolute duration of c (comparison unique). Pigeons were then tested with equal duration pairs at extended s-c delays of 1, 2, 4, and …

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Personal Stories Of Empathy In Adolescence And Emerging Adulthood, Kendall M. Soucie

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Empathy, the ability to understand and experience the emotions of others, has yet to be investigated from a narrative or life story perspective. The purpose of the present study was, therefore, to examine the ways in which emerging adults and adolescents, through their self-defining stories, process and come to extract meaning from their personal empathic and non-empathic experiences. Twenty-nine adolescents (14–17, M=15.28, SD=.99), and 31 emerging adults (18–20, M=18.23, SD=.56) narrated stories about their empathic (times when they felt sad for someone, times when they put themselves in someone else’s shoes) and non-empathic experiences (times when …

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Parenting And Adolescent Attachment In India And Germany, Isabelle Albert, Gisela Trommsdorff, Ramesh Mishra

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

No abstract provided.

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Biological Challenge Procedures Used To Study Co-Occurring Nicotine Dependence And Panic Disorder, Kenneth Abrams, Koen Schruers, Fiammetta Cosci, Shaun Sawtell

Psychology Faculty Work

A wide array of biological challenge procedures – including carbon dioxide inhalation, hyperventilation, and breath holding – have been used to model panic in laboratory settings. Originally used to study developmental processes in panic disorder (PD), these procedures, along with nicotine patch administration and self-administered smoking, have recently been applied to help understand the etiology of co-occurring nicotine dependence and PD. The goals of the present paper are to review studies that have employed biological challenges to study the comorbid condition, identify the advantages and limitations of the various procedures, describe desirable outcome measures for use in biological challenges, and …

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Linkages Between Cigarette Smoking Outcome Expectancies And Negative Emotional Vulnerability, Kirsten A. Johnson, Michael J. Zvolensky, Erin C. Marshall, Adam Gonzalez, Kenneth Abrams, Anka A. Vujanovic

Psychology Faculty Work

The present investigation examined whether smoking outcome expectancies, as measured by the Smoking Consequences Questionnaire (SCQ; [Brandon, T.H., & Baker, T.B., (1991). The Smoking Consequences Questionnaire: The subjective expected utility of smoking in college students. Psychological Assessment, 3, 484–491.]), were incrementally related to emotional vulnerability factors among an adult sample of 202 daily cigarette smokers (44.6% women; Mage= 23.78 years, SD = 9.69 years). After controlling for cigarettes smoked/day, past 30-day marijuana use, current alcohol consumption, and coping style, negative reinforcement/negative affect reduction outcome expectancies were significantly associated with greater levels of negative affectivity, emotional dysregulation, and anxiety sensitivity. The …

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Mindfulness : Extending Treatment For Early Onset Obsessive Compulsive Disorder / Tourettes Syndrome, Rita L. Baldino

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Mindfulness is a categorical name for a group of techniques borrowed from ancient Buddhist practices that teach individuals to pay attention in the present moment. Recently, the technique has been applied successfully in several clinical populations to help individuals live with, or accept, some of the difficult-to-treat symptoms of their illnesses. This intervention study takes three specific techniques from the mindfulness literature and introduces them to a young male who had been diagnosed and has received evidence-based treatment for early onset obsessive compulsive disorder, comorbid with Tourette’s syndrome. Fourteen sessions, scheduled over eight weeks, occurred. Three measures of effectiveness were …

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Teacher Self-Efficacy, Collective Teacher Efficacy, Automatic Thoughts, States Of Mind, And Stress In Elementary School Teachers, Robert W. Shambaugh

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

This study examined the relationships between teacher self-efficacy, collective teacher efficacy, automatic thoughts, Balanced States of Mind (BSOM) model, and levels of stress in regular education elementary school teachers. A sample of 66 teachers from rural and urban south central Pennsylvania school districts completed the following questionnaires: Teacher Beliefs Scale (TBS), Collective Teacher Beliefs Scale (CTBS), Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire - Revised (ATQR), Teacher Stress Inventory (TSI), and a demographic survey. A ratio of positive to positive-plus-negative automatic thoughts from the Balanced States of Mind model (BSOM) became the fifth variable. This study presumes that teachers have more stress today following …

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Emotional Evaluation Of A Product/System, Hana Smith

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Technological advances in products and systems have brought emotional design or emotional engineering to the forefront of research. While several measures to assess emotional expression of products have been developed, the source of the emotion rating of a product or system was often unclear. The purpose of this dissertation is to conduct three studies to examine the causes of emotional ratings and to establish if product-specific emotion rating scales are useful for capturing accurate user evaluations. Three studies were conducted using citrus juicers. Juicers were chosen for several reasons: their wide variety of styles, one self-explanatory purpose (to make juice), …

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Adolescents' Stress And Health: Parental Influences And Cognitive Mediators, Reesa Donnelly

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Research to date indicates that parental and cognitive variables play a role in stress responses and health outcomes. Although researchers are beginning to focus on developmental processes in stress/health outcomes, there is little research examining which parental behaviors are most predictive of stress/health and whether cognitive variables mediate this relationship. As a result, the current study examines the self-reports of 160 late adolescents regarding parental behaviors, cognitive variables, and stress/health outcomes. In addition, blood pressure reactivity to a stressful situation was collected as a physiological measure of stress. The results suggest that, among the parental behaviors that are examined, parental …

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Cross-Modal Effects In Tactile And Visual Signaling, James Merlo

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Using a wearable tactile display three experiments were conducted in which tactile messages were created emulating five standard US Army and Marine arm and hand signals for the military commands, namely: "Attention", "Halt", "Rally", "Move Out", and "Nuclear Biological or Chemical event (NBC)". Response times and accuracy rates were collected for novices responding to visual and tactile representations of these messages, which were displayed either alone or together in congruent or incongruent combinations. Results indicated synergistic effects for concurrent, congruent message presentations showing superior response times when compared to individual presentations in either modality alone. This effect was mediated by …

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Moderators Of Trust And Reliance Across Multiple Decision Aids, Jennifer Ross

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present work examines whether user's trust of and reliance on automation, were affected by the manipulations of user's perception of the responding agent. These manipulations included agent reliability, agent type, and failure salience. Previous work has shown that automation is not uniformly beneficial; problems can occur because operators fail to rely upon automation appropriately, by either misuse (overreliance) or disuse (underreliance). This is because operators often face difficulties in understanding how to combine their judgment with that of an automated aid. This difficulty is especially prevalent in complex tasks in which users rely heavily on automation to reduce their …

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The Impact Of Organizational Politics On Mentoring Relationships, Nicholas Bencaz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Mentoring in the workplace has become an increasingly popular trend because of its touted success at addressing the career and social related needs of employees. While the majority of the research on mentoring has examined protege benefits, far fewer studies have examined the potential negative effects of mentoring. Moreover, little is known about the antecedents of negative mentoring experiences. A primary objective of the present study was to investigate relations between mentor and protege perceptions of organizational politics and reports of functional and dysfunctional mentoring. In addition, I examined the joint contribution of functional and dysfunctional mentoring to a number …

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Relationship Between Self-Reported Lifestyle Habits, Social Support, And Physiological Factors Associated With Hypertension : A Biopsychosocial Investigation, Deborah A. Chiumento

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

The relationship between hypertension and related biological, psychological, and social variables among patients diagnosed with hypertension was investigated utilizing the biopsychosocial model. Fifty-four participants from one outpatient private medical office were administered a demographic form, the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Health Adherence Behavior Inventory (HABIT), the Inventory for Cognitive Distortions (ICD), and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Results indicated that the participants' use of caffeine positively correlated with their high blood pressure readings. In addition, participants who reported having significant social support engaged in more health promoting behaviors. These findings were consistent with the hypotheses. Limitations …

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Environmental Influences On Adherence To Self-Management Behaviors And Glycemic Control In African American Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Brooke L. Barbera

LSU Master's Theses

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness effecting approximately 20.8 million individuals in the United States. Minorities are adversely affected, with age-adjusted prevalence 1.7 times higher in African Americans than Caucasians. Type 2 diabetes is significantly affected by behavioral and environmental risk factors, including the presence of co-occurring diseases (i.e., hypertension, hyperlipidemia), obesity, age, and lack of physical activity, and each of these risk factors is more prevalent among African Americans. The treatment of diabetes is largely self-managed, with patients and their families handling 95% of their own care. Adherence to the multi-component diabetic treatment regimen requires daily care, often occurring …

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A Comparison Of Feeding And Mealtime Problems In Intellectually Disabled Adults With And Without Autism, Jill Cherie Fodstad

LSU Master's Theses

Due to the dearth of information categorically describing feeding behaviors in those with autism spectrum disorders, the goal of this research is to examine the nature of feeding difficulties in adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) and Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Feeding and mealtime behavior problems are an area of concern due to their impact on an individual’s daily functioning, as well as the potential for causing severe medical conditions (e.g., poor nutrition, choking, aspiration) that may ultimately lead to death. Due to the importance of this topic for proper diagnosis and treatment planning, a better understanding of these behaviors in …

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The Effects Of Food Deprivation On Caffeine And Food Reinforcement In Females, Lauren Baillie

LSU Master's Theses

This study examined the reinforcing value of caffeine and food in a sample of 14 normal-weight females who indicated some degree of dietary restraint, and consumed caffeine daily. Eligible individuals participated in two sessions, one of which required a 24-hour fast. During both sessions, participants completed measures assessing caffeine withdrawal symptoms, urge to drink caffeine, hunger, and a multiple-choice questionnaire (MCQ) requiring them to earn points towards either snack foods or caffeinated beverages. There were no significant differences between the fasting and non-fasting conditions on MCQ scores, though the means were in the predicted direction (i.e., participants appeared to work …

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Predictors Of Social Support Provided To Smokers, Diana Williams Stewart

LSU Master's Theses

Over 20% of adults in the U.S. presently smoke cigarettes. The highest rates (28.5%) are among 18-24 year-olds. Therefore, cessation interventions targeting young adults are needed. Cessation efforts and maintained abstinence in smokers have been associated with positive social support from others (i.e., “support persons”) throughout the cessation process. Support persons' attributions about smokers may affect the consistency and amount of support they provide to a smoker during a cessation attempt. The present investigation addressed the relationship between support persons' attribution style and the quality and quantity of support they provided to smokers. College students (N=244) were asked to identify …

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The Dimensionality Of Emotion And Individual Differences, Leah Braganza

Theses : Honours

This paper is a critical review of the research on the relative contribution of valence and arousal to the effect of emotion on performance. It is well accepted that emotion influences aspects of cognitive performance, but there are inconsistent results concerning the relative salience of valence and arousal. Some authors support the idea that valence, rather than arousal, is the primary contributor to this effect of emotion on performance. This review analysed the methodology used in studies supporting the primary role of valence, and this analysis revealed that the two dimensions may have been confounded. The literature suggested that arousal …

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Host Community Acculturation Expectations Toward Immigrant Groups; An Evaluation Of Theoretical Models, Perspectives, And Factors Encouraging The Development Of Multicultural Societies, Carmen Vakis

Theses : Honours

The ability of immigrants to integrate into a new society is dependent on a number of factors including the strength of an immigrant's ethnic identity, willingness of the immigrant to accept the beliefs, values, and cultural practices of the host society, and attitudes of members of the host society toward immigrants. This paper reviews research on attitudes toward immigration, in relation to theoretical approaches including Berry's (2003) model of acculturation expectations. Factors discussed throughout this review as contributing to host community acceptance of immigrants include cultural awareness and understanding, preconceived misconceptions and stereotypes, and perceptions of threat to resources and …

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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

The Discursive Construction Of Selfhood In Chinese And Euro-American Mother-Infant Interactions, Heidi Keller, Carolin Demuth

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

Morality From A Cultural Psychology Perspective, Lutz H. Eckensberger

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

Effects Of Father Absence On Adolescent Depression, Sexual Attitudes, And Substance Use, Nicole M. Hurtack

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Medicating Children: The Enduring Controversy Over Adhd And Pediatric Stimulant Pharmacotherapy, Rick Mayes, Jennifer L. Erkulwater, Catherine Bagwell

Political Science Faculty Publications

Family Structure And Psychological Factors: The Effects Of Family-Of-Origin Variables On Young Adults' Psychological Well-Being, Catherine E. Morgan

Masters Theses

Tools For The Assessment Of Undergraduate Research Outcomes, Linda Rueckert

Psychology & Gerontology Faculty Publications

The Effects Of Cardiorespiratory Fitness On Behavioral And Neuroelectric Indices Of Cognition In Young Adults, Elizabeth K. Mraz '08

Honors Projects

The Effects Of Social Ostracism On Frontal Lobe Electroencephalogram Activity, Jennifer A. Morozink '08

Honors Projects

The "Evolution" Of Media: The Influence Of A Media Literacy Campaign On Self Esteem And Body Image, Vasiliki D. Dremonas '08

Honors Projects

Behavioral Responses To Predictable And Unpredictable Competitors And C-Fos Expression In The Amygdala And Nucleus Accumbens, Jennifer Schnupp '08

Honors Projects

Evaluating Community Participation In Health Care Decision-Making: The Case Of The Airdie/North Rocky View Health Needs Project, Aleisha Dawn Harrington

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Pigeons’ Memory For Time: Assessment Of The Role Of Subjective Shortening In The Duration Of Comparison Procedure, Patrick Van Rooyen

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Personal Stories Of Empathy In Adolescence And Emerging Adulthood, Kendall M. Soucie

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Parenting And Adolescent Attachment In India And Germany, Isabelle Albert, Gisela Trommsdorff, Ramesh Mishra

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

Biological Challenge Procedures Used To Study Co-Occurring Nicotine Dependence And Panic Disorder, Kenneth Abrams, Koen Schruers, Fiammetta Cosci, Shaun Sawtell

Psychology Faculty Work

Linkages Between Cigarette Smoking Outcome Expectancies And Negative Emotional Vulnerability, Kirsten A. Johnson, Michael J. Zvolensky, Erin C. Marshall, Adam Gonzalez, Kenneth Abrams, Anka A. Vujanovic

Psychology Faculty Work

Mindfulness : Extending Treatment For Early Onset Obsessive Compulsive Disorder / Tourettes Syndrome, Rita L. Baldino

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Teacher Self-Efficacy, Collective Teacher Efficacy, Automatic Thoughts, States Of Mind, And Stress In Elementary School Teachers, Robert W. Shambaugh

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Emotional Evaluation Of A Product/System, Hana Smith

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Adolescents' Stress And Health: Parental Influences And Cognitive Mediators, Reesa Donnelly

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Cross-Modal Effects In Tactile And Visual Signaling, James Merlo

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Moderators Of Trust And Reliance Across Multiple Decision Aids, Jennifer Ross

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Impact Of Organizational Politics On Mentoring Relationships, Nicholas Bencaz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Relationship Between Self-Reported Lifestyle Habits, Social Support, And Physiological Factors Associated With Hypertension : A Biopsychosocial Investigation, Deborah A. Chiumento

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Environmental Influences On Adherence To Self-Management Behaviors And Glycemic Control In African American Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Brooke L. Barbera

LSU Master's Theses

A Comparison Of Feeding And Mealtime Problems In Intellectually Disabled Adults With And Without Autism, Jill Cherie Fodstad

LSU Master's Theses

The Effects Of Food Deprivation On Caffeine And Food Reinforcement In Females, Lauren Baillie

LSU Master's Theses

Predictors Of Social Support Provided To Smokers, Diana Williams Stewart

LSU Master's Theses

The Dimensionality Of Emotion And Individual Differences, Leah Braganza

Theses : Honours

Host Community Acculturation Expectations Toward Immigrant Groups; An Evaluation Of Theoretical Models, Perspectives, And Factors Encouraging The Development Of Multicultural Societies, Carmen Vakis

Theses : Honours