Digital Commons Network^™

Data-Driven Cutoff Selection For The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Depression Screening Tool, Brooke Levis, Parash Mani Bhandari, Dipika Neupane, Suiqiong Fan, Ying Sun, Chen He, Yin Wu, Ankur Krishnan, Zelalem Negeri, Mahrukh Imran, Danielle B Rice, Kira E Riehm, Marleine Azar, Alexander W Levis, Jill Boruff, Pim Cuijpers, Simon Gilbody, John P A Ioannidis, Lorie A Kloda, Scott B Patten, Roy C Ziegelstein, Daphna Harel, Yemisi Takwoingi, Sarah Markham, Sultan H Alamri, Dagmar Amtmann, Bruce Arroll, Liat Ayalon, Hamid R Baradaran, Anna Beraldi, Charles N Bernstein, Arvin Bhana, Charles H Bombardier, Ryna Imma Buji, Peter Butterworth, Gregory Carter, Marcos H Chagas, Juliana C N Chan, Lai Fong Chan, Dixon Chibanda, Kerrie Clover, Aaron Conway, Yeates Conwell, Federico M Daray, Janneke M De Man-Van Ginkel, Jesse R Fann, Felix H Fischer, Sally Field, Jane R W Fisher, Daniel S S Fung, Bizu Gelaye, Leila Gholizadeh, Felicity Goodyear-Smith, Eric P Green, Catherine G Greeno, Brian J Hall, Liisa Hantsoo, Martin Härter, Leanne Hides, Stevan E Hobfoll, Simone Honikman, Thomas Hyphantis, Masatoshi Inagaki, Maria Iglesias-Gonzalez, Hong Jin Jeon, Nathalie Jetté, Mohammad E Khamseh, Kim M Kiely, Brandon A Kohrt, Yunxin Kwan, Maria Asunción Lara, Holly F Levin-Aspenson, Shen-Ing Liu, Manote Lotrakul, Sonia R Loureiro, Bernd Löwe, Nagendra P Luitel, Crick Lund, Ruth Ann Marrie, Laura Marsh, Brian P Marx, Anthony Mcguire, Sherina Mohd Sidik, Tiago N Munhoz, Kumiko Muramatsu, Juliet E M Nakku, Laura Navarrete, Flávia L Osório, Brian W Pence, Philippe Persoons, Inge Petersen, Angelo Picardi, Stephanie L Pugh, Terence J Quinn, Elmars Rancans, Sujit D Rathod, Katrin Reuter, Alasdair G Rooney, Iná S Santos, Miranda T Schram, Juwita Shaaban, Eileen H Shinn, Abbey Sidebottom, Adam Simning, Lena Spangenberg, Lesley Stafford, Sharon C Sung, Keiko Suzuki, Pei Lin Lynnette Tan, Martin Taylor-Rowan, Thach D Tran, Alyna Turner, Christina M Van Der Feltz-Cornelis, Thandi Van Heyningen, Paul A Vöhringer, Lynne I Wagner, Jian Li Wang, David Watson, Jennifer White, Mary A Whooley, Kirsty Winkley, Karen Wynter, Mitsuhiko Yamada, Qing Zhi Zeng, Yuying Zhang, Brett D Thombs, Andrea Benedetti, Depression Screening Data (Depressd) Phq Group

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

IMPORTANCE: Test accuracy studies often use small datasets to simultaneously select an optimal cutoff score that maximizes test accuracy and generate accuracy estimates.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the degree to which using data-driven methods to simultaneously select an optimal Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) cutoff score and estimate accuracy yields (1) optimal cutoff scores that differ from the population-level optimal cutoff score and (2) biased accuracy estimates.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This study used cross-sectional data from an existing individual participant data meta-analysis (IPDMA) database on PHQ-9 screening accuracy to represent a hypothetical population. Studies in the IPDMA database compared participant PHQ-9 …

Burnout And Employee Satisfaction Of Mental Health Clinicians In Corrections, Jeremy C. Capuyon, Lindsay Gietzen

Pacific Journal of Health

Approximately 1.9 million individuals are currently incarcerated within the United States. Rehabilitation and preparation for parole back into the community is common goal amongst correctional facilities. Mental health clinicians (social workers and psychologists) within the correctional facilities are providers who assist in the rehabilitation of inmates. Unfortunately, mental health clinicians in correctional facilities experience high rates of burnout and low levels of job satisfaction, resulting in an increase in turnover rates. This research project looks to investigate the impact burnout and employee satisfaction has on mental health clinicians who work in correctional settings. Furthermore, this research project compares burnout and …

Acpe’S Spiritually Integrated Psychotherapy (Sip) Training Program: Clinical Competencies For Integrating Religion And Spirituality In Counseling, Carol Za Mcginnis, Maya Georgieva, Mary Elizabeth Toler

Journal of Faith Integration Counseling (JFIC)

Clients frequently seek psychotherapy that will incorporate their unique religious or spiritual values into the therapeutic process, yet they are discouraged by practitioners who are not equipped to provide those services. Licensed mental health practitioners can receive this training and certification from the ACPE Spiritually Integrated Psychotherapy Training Program. Spiritual competencies exclusive to this integrative process have been designed to guide and support SIP-certified practitioners in alignment with other professional ethical codes. It is our hope that students, educators, and licensed practitioners from all mental health fields will find this information helpful in understanding the ethical integration of spirituality into …

No-Self, No Problem: A Buddhist Approach To Self-Concept Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Adam Brandt, Laura Smestad

Journal of Faith Integration Counseling (JFIC)

While exposure and response prevention is an effective treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder, it may not fully address the psycho-spiritual concerns of clients whose obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms threaten and leave them in distress about their self-concept. This article addresses this problem by introducing the term self-concept obsessive-compulsive disorder and offering Buddhist psychology, a theoretical orientation based on the Buddhist principles of nonjudgment, mindfulness, and no-self as a useful framework to couple with traditional obsessive-compulsive disorder treatment.

Internalized Racism And Mental Health: The Moderating Role Of Collective Racial Self-Esteem, Steven M. Sanders, Tiffany R. Williams, April T. Berry, Claudia Garcia-Aguilera, Kiera Robinson, Reniece Martin, Paigean Jones

Psychological Sciences and Counseling Faculty Research

Internalized racism is the internalization of beliefs about racism and colonization that contribute to the acceptance of negative messaging or stereotypical misrepresentations that inform perceptions about worth and ability. Internalized racism is associated with psychological distress in racially diverse people. Collective racial self-esteem is a potential protective factor that can serve as a moderator in reducing distress and facilitating psychological well-being. The sample for the present study consisted of 526 participants who self-identified as African American, Asian American/Pacific Islander, Latinx American, or American of Arab or Middle Eastern descent. The researchers used regression with the Process macro to investigate the …

A Veteran Mental Health Approach Sustaining Identity Post-Military Life: A Comprehensive Overview, Darren Sosa, Lindsay Gietzen

Pacific Journal of Health

Veterans and their mental health face readjustment challenges based on veteran identity, intersectionality, and experiences from their time serving in the military. This comprehensive overview and PRISMA analysis investigate the current evidence-based practices of veterans' identity and intersectionality. Specifically, psychoeducation and evidence-based practices for veterans readjusting back into their communities. A gap identified in this research’s findings calls for suggestions for future research on the veteran population and intersectionality. No specific psychoeducation or evidence-based practices tailored for identity readjustment or veteran intersectionality were found. This research constructs a tailored framework of suggestions for current and future evidence-based practices for the …

Supporting Gender Identity In Early Childhood: Understanding The Lived Experiences Of Parenting A Gender Variant Child Under Age 6 Years, Deborah Lyn Hahn

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The specific problem addressed through this qualitative research study was the lack of understanding of the lived experiences of parents of gender variant preschool children and the resources those parents need to help create affirming environments for their young children. Butler’s queer theory/feminist poststructuralism was the theoretical foundation of this research study. The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experiences of parents of gender variant children under the age 6 years and to determine the supports and services these parents need to help them create and maintain safe and affirming environments for their children. Transcendental phenomenology was …

Trauma-Informed Supervision In Substance Use Treatment Agencies, Janice Ruesler

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

There is limited research from supervisors' perspectives on the use of trauma-informed supervision practices when supervising substance use counselors. The purpose of this grounded theory study was to explore the process of licensed professional counselors who are clinical substance use supervisors using trauma-informed supervision. The research question was: How do substance use counselor supervisors engage in trauma-informed supervision? Participants included eight licensed professional counselor substance use supervisors who met the inclusion criteria of more than five years of clinical experience, utilized a trauma-informed supervision model, and supervised one or more supervisees. Following grounded theory methodology, a bottom-up coding approach was …

Factors Influencing Counselors-In-Training Disclosure, Grace Greenan

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Within counseling supervision relationships, supervisor feedback is an important aspect of counselors-in-training (CIT) development to improve CIT counseling competency and confidence in practice. Effective supervision requires CITs to disclose details about their practice, including counseling approaches, interpretations, challenges, and errors. Prior research has indicated CITs withheld information as often as 97% of the time in some cases. Grounded in a psychoanalytic theoretical foundation, the purpose of this quantitative survey study was to examine if the quality of supervision relationships and CIT resilience predicted CIT willingness to disclose during supervision. The researcher analyzed data using descriptive statistics, a stepwise multiple regression …

An Exploration Of Rural Incarcerated Parents’ Needs And Existing Jail-Based Parenting Programs, Sarah Downard

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to better understand the holistic and cultural needs in jails to better support incarcerated parents in a rural Western region and to compare the needs to existing programs. The theoretical framework for this study was a program model called the Family Strengthening Project. Data were collected in individual telephone interviews with five professionals with experience working with incarcerated parents and their families in a rural jail and community, including human services practitioners and law enforcement officials. The findings of the study indicated that although the jail is currently offering parenting classes, staffing …

Black Clinicians' Perceptions Of The Cultural Relevance Of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy For Black Families, Erica E. Coates, Sierra Coffey, Kaela Farrise Beauvoir, Emily Aron, Katherine R. Hayes, Felipa T. Chavez

Psychology Faculty Publications

Parent–child interaction therapy (PCIT) is a highly efficacious, evidence-based treatment for children with disruptive behaviors and their families. PCIT is a dyadic therapy designed to improve parent–child relationships and decrease children’s behavioral problems. PCIT research specific to Black families is currently sparse. Given findings that Black families have a higher attrition rate and demonstrate fewer significant improvements in parental well-being outcomes, we sought to assess clinicians’ perceived cultural alignment of PCIT with Black families. We conducted individual interviews via Zoom with 10 Black clinicians, trained in PCIT, who had experience treating Black families using PCIT. The research team generated the …

Student Resources And Retention Among Transgender And Nonbinary College Students, Miriam Liss, Talyn Derflinger, Laura Wilson

Psychological Science Articles

Transgender and nonbinary (TNB) college students are more likely to drop out of college than their cisgender peers. While robust previous literature has focused on individually experienced stressors, this paper looks at the structural supports offered by the institution. One hundred and fifty-four TNB college students were asked about the resources available on their campuses, their sense of safety on campus, and whether they intended to drop out of college. Campus resources and supports were associated with a greater sense of safety, and in turn, less of a desire to drop out of college. Some resources such as a nondiscrimination …

Relational Resilience, Grace, And The Role Of Divine Forgiveness, Bethanie Pusey

Senior Honors Theses

The constructs of relational resilience, divine forgiveness, and grace have recently grown in popularity within the field of positive psychology, yet their associations have thus far remained unexplored. The present study sought to fill this gap in the literature and determine what relationship exists between these variables while controlling for other related factors such as interpersonal forgiveness, self-forgiveness, spirituality, and general resilience. Participants (N = 247) from a large private Christian university provided responses to both trait and conflict-specific measures. Correlational findings supported significant positive relations between relational resilience and divine forgiveness, interpersonal forgiveness, and self-forgiveness. Relational resilience was …

Early Intervention System Contextual Factors Contributing To Treatment Attendance And Clinical Outcomes, Anthony Eldridge

Theses and Dissertations

Early Intervention Programs (EI) are an established method of addressing and treating earlier childhood developmental problems that involves a system of complex processes which families must navigate to secure and maintain care. Extensive wait times and multiple service providers burdensome caregivers which may impact treatment engagement. Telehealth offers some clinical utility for improving EI service provision. However, little is known how system contextual factors predict a child’s Part B Eligibility and level of engagement with treatment. The primary aim of this study is to describe the effect that wait time, number of service providers, number of treatment services, and treatment …

Use Of The Integrated Practice Assessment Tool (Ipat) To Evaluate The Clinical Learning Environment For Counselors-In-Training, Jessica Lloyd-Hazlett, Stacy Ogbeide, Heather Trepal, Mercedes Ingram, Swathi Weaver

Journal of Human Services Scholarship and Interprofessional Collaboration

The need for behavioral health integration (BHI) in primary care continues to grow to address the behavioral health needs of patients and families. Developing a competent interprofessional workforce to operate in primary care behavioral health settings necessitates BHI-literate clinical learning environments, as well as tools to evaluate and assist in the integration of services appropriate for BHI training and supervision. The Integrated Practice Assessment Tool (IPAT; Waxmonsky et al., 2014) is an instrument that assesses the level of BHI at a primary care clinic. This paper discusses an example of an implementation approach to examine BHI levels with the IPAT …

The Effects Of Childhood Maltreatment In A Sample Of Deaf Adults, Teresa Crowe Ph.D

JADARA

This research studied the impacts of child maltreatment on 87 deaf adults' use of substances, anxiety and depression, involvement in victimization and perpetration of intimate partner violence, age, gender identity, and parental language use. After IRB approval, participants completed an online survey about experiences of childhood maltreatment and its effects on their lives. Results showed that the sample: a) had low to moderate incidence of childhood physical abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect, and emotional neglect, b) reported mild levels of anxiety and depression, c) included 32.5% who met the threshold for IPV victimization and/or perpetration, d) relatively low levels of …

Mental Health During The Covid-19 Pandemic In Trinidad: An Analysis Of Depression, Anxiety, And Stress Among Essential Workers, Bernadette Marson, Gerard A. Hutchinson

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

Research shows that some essential workers, such as healthcare workers, social workers, and first responders (including police officers, paramedics, and firefighters), are at greater risk for developing both short- and long-term mental health problems (Berger et al., 2012; Canady, 2022; Grey et al., 2020; Haugen et al., 2012; Mohamed et al., 2022; Petrie et al., 2018). The most prevalent of these include anxiety, depression, and stress, as well as other social and cognitive problems—with stress causing harmful effects on mental health and potentially resulting in anxiety and depression, which may then disrupt an individual’s social relationships, family life, and work. …

The Presence Of A Pet Dog Is Associated With A More Balanced Response To A Social Stressor, Jaci Gandenberger, Aurélie Ledreux, Ashley Taeckens, Kerry Murphy, Jenni Forkin, Anah Gilmore, Kevin N. Morris

Institute for Human-Animal Connection: Faculty Scholarship

Acute and chronic stress each have physical manifestations in the human body that can lead to many negative health impacts. Today, reported stress levels worldwide are at an all-time high, spurring the search for non-pharmaceutical interventions to maintain healthy stress levels. In this study, we examined whether a pet dog’s presence influences healthy adults’ acute stress responses as assessed through self-reports, heart rate, plasma cortisol, and salivary alpha-amylase. Participating pet dog owners were randomly assigned to undergo the Trier Social Stress Test either with their pet dog or alone. While there was no group difference in perceived anxiety levels, participants …

Enduring Heroism In The Face Of Inequality And Injustice: Who Steps Up And Why?, Carol D. Ryff

Heroism Science

Enduring heroism defined as persistent efforts to confront inequality and injustice is the focus of this article. Six exemplars are considered: Harriet Tubman, Crazy Horse, Jane Addams, Mohandas Gandhi, Nelson Mandela, Malcolm X. Similarities and differences in their pursuits are considered and linked to the larger literature on heroism. They are also contrasted with enduring anti-heroes to elevate roles of virtue and benevolence in long-term efforts to correct societal ills. What motivates enduring heroism is a central question. A hypothesis put forth is that distinct dimensions of eudaimonic well-being – especially, purpose in life, autonomy, environmental mastery, and personal growth …

Using The Gerontological Imagination To Explore Suicide Among Older Adults: An Interdisciplinary Perspective For Professional Counselors, Mary Chase Mize, Afroze Shaikh

Adultspan Journal

Gerontology, the study of aging and older adulthood, is a vast field consisting of many intersecting disciplines, such as medicine, nutrition, public policy, psychology, social work, and professional counseling. As the older adult population rapidly increases, so too will the prevalence of mental health concerns among this population, including risk for suicide. Older adults presently comprise 16.5% of the U.S. population, yet account for 19.3% of all deaths by suicide (Drapeau & McIntosh, 2020). Professional counselors are newly eligible Medicare providers and can close gaps in healthcare access for older adults who rely on Medicare to receive mental health services, …

Providing End-Of-Life Counseling: A Narrative Inquiry, Carol Hecht, Sibyl West

Adultspan Journal

This qualitative study aimed to address the gap in the research related to end-of-life counseling by exploring the experiences of counselors working with clients at end of life. While counseling literature and education are lacking regarding end of life, many counselors will work alongside clients approaching death. The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to better understand the nuanced experiences of counselors providing end-of-life counseling and (b) to explore the supports and preparations helpful for counselors to provide end-of-life counseling. A narrative approach, using the Listening Guide (Gilligan, 2015), was employed to analyze and present the stories of three …

Mental Health Distress And Suicide Risk Among Older Adults Who Receive Nutrition Services Programming: Implications For Licensed Professional Counselors., Brittany R. Jones-Cobb, Jihee Hong, Mary Chase Breedlove Mize, Laura Shannonhouse

Adultspan Journal

Licensed professional counselors (LPCs) are now eligible to provide mental health counseling to older adults as Medicare providers. Many older adults receive home delivered (HDM) and congregate (CM) meal services through the Aging Services Network, though their mental health impact remains under examined. This study compared the mental health and suicide risk of older adults receiving HDM or CM services. Our cross-sectional study of 221 HDM and 150 CM recipients from 2018-2020 found significant group differences in psychological distress, t(366) = 3.28, p = .001, perceived burdensomeness; t(357.31) = 2.77, p = .006, and thwarted belongingness, t(357.96) …

Considerations Of Medicare Telehealth Services With Older Adults, Sonah Kho, Amanda Dediego

Adultspan Journal

The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic set in motion a rapid expansion of mental health services offered via telehealth. With this rapid expansion came the need to examine how policy and practice should be shaped in a future where telehealth is considered common in counseling practice. For counselors to understand how to support older adult clients in using telehealth services, they must understand telehealth policy. Following the eligibility of licensed counselors to participate in Medicare, counselors need to stay abreast of regulatory changes regarding restrictions and regulations on use of telehealth for mental and behavioral health services, including video and …

Introduction To The Special Issue On Medicare Inclusion Of Counselors: Preparing The Counseling Workforce To Serve Older Adults, Matthew C. Fullen, Jordan Westcott

Adultspan Journal

Introduction to the special issue on Medicare Inclusion of Counselors: Preparing the Counseling Workforce to Serve Older Adults.

Special Issue Editors:

Matthew Fullen, Virginia Tech

Jordan Westcott, The University of Tennessee-Knoxville

How Do Older Adults Define A Good Death? A Scoping Review, Ellen L. Csikai, Quentin R. Maynard

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

A scoping literature review of the concepts of ‘good death’ and ‘dying well’ among older adults was conducted. The purpose was to identify aspects that older adults specifically considered important in defining a ‘good death’. The search revealed five articles published between 2005 and 2019 that met inclusionary criteria for the review. Primary among the views of the older adults in these studies of a ‘good death’ was the desire to avoid being a burden to families; done so by dying pain-free/peacefully (preferably in sleep) and preparing in advance by involving family in decisions and funeral/estate planning. Family support throughout …

Author Biographical Notes

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

No abstract provided.

Can An Equine-Assisted Learning Course Improve Emotional Intelligence In Undergraduate Students?, Danielle Y. Clark, Julia M. Mack, Kenneth G. Mccurdy

People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice

Background: Emotional intelligence, a construct that many experts consider an essential component of life success, is moving in a concerning direction among American college students. Equine-assisted interventions may be an innovative modality for influencing these skills. Purpose: This study explores the effectiveness of a 15-week equine-assisted experiential learning course on emotional intelligence among undergraduate college students. Methodology/Approach: The intervention group consisted of 18 students who participated in a three-credit psychology course entitled Horses for Interpersonal Skills, which involved classroom instruction and an equine-assisted learning (EAL) component. This group was compared to a no intervention sample of 26 students enrolled in …

Exposure And Connectedness To Natural Environments: An Examination Of The Measurement Invariance Of The Nature Exposure Scale (Nes) And Connectedness To Nature Scale (Cns) Across 65 Nations, 40 Languages, Gender Identities, And Age Groups, Viren Swami, Mathew P. White, Martin Voracek, Ulrich S. Tran, Toivo Aavik, Hamed Abdollahpour Ranjbar, Sulaiman Olanrewaju Adebayo, Reza Afhami, Oli Ahmed, David A. Frederick

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Detachment from nature is contributing to the environmental crisis and reversing this trend requires detailed monitoring and targeted interventions to reconnect people to nature. Most tools measuring nature exposure and attachment were developed in high-income countries and little is known about their robustness across national and linguistic groups. Therefore, we used data from the Body Image in Nature Survey to assess measurement invariance of the Nature Exposure Scale (NES) and the Connectedness to Nature Scale (CNS) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups (N = 56,968). While multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (MG-CFA) of the NES supported …

Behind The Curtain: Recommendations For Neurodiversity Research, Andree Koehler

The Qualitative Report

Researchers have explored neurodiversity in terms of gender, gender identity and expression, masking, and more, yet the focus is often on neurodiversity as synonymous with autism. There remains a challenge to expand the body of neurodiversity research that is broader than autism. In my article, neurodiversity will be discussed as an element of the broad human condition, rather than a singular state or condition of impairment isolated to a portion of the population to delineate the paradigm based on neurological variations from medical and social models. This paper was designed to offer a “how to” for conducting research into neurodiversity …

Acknowledgments, Matthew T. Wappett Ph.D.

Developmental Disabilities Network Journal

No abstract provided.