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Data On Behavioral And Developmental Patterns In Monkeys And Humans Found To Be Similar, Michael L. Niehoff

Student Scholarship

This document explores the striking similarities between the behavioral and developmental patterns of infant rhesus monkeys and human infants, specifically focusing on the detrimental effects of social and maternal deprivation. A significant portion of the research presented is derived from the laboratory experiments of Harry Harlow, who utilized surrogate mothers made of wire or cloth to study the origins of affectional patterns. These studies identified three primary primate reflexes—the contact-clasp, righting, and sucking reflexes—that establish the initial tie between mother and infant. The research demonstrates that "contact comfort" provided by a cloth surrogate acts as a psychological base of operations, …

Effects Of Reinforcement Schedules On The Eating Behavior Of Hooded Rats, Wayne T. Pratt

All Master's Theses

While the eating behavior of organisms has been the subject of considerable research, the methods commonly employed to disrupt eating behavior also result in irreparable damage to the central nervous system. This paper presents an attempt to evaluate some effects of reinforcement schedules on the eating behavior of hooded rats when external motivating factors were introduced.

The results indicated that stress tended to inhibit food intake to a significant degree.

Problems associated with this method of creating obesity were discussed and suggestions offered for further research.

Food Choice Preferences And Delay Of Reward In Obese And Normal Weight Children, Mitzi M. Rochester

All Master's Theses

Thirty-seven obese and thirty-six normal weight children, ages eight to eleven, of both sexes were tested to determine if the cue prominence theory of obesity would be supported early in life. Ss chose a candy bar as a reward for a task from one of three bowls, containing either large bars in plain brown wrappers, small bars in brightly colored wrappers, or small bars in plain brown wrappers. Obese and normals did not differ in their choices: 67% of the obese and 80% of the non-obese children chose the large candy bars in plain wrappers. However, obese Ss chose significantly …

A Contingency Management Program For The Treatment Of Overweight, Giuliana Guerci

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Current And Future Characterizations Of Self; A Theoretical Model For Analyzing The Sources And Functions Of Self-Conceptions, Robert Bilby

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Diagnostic Congruence: A Study On Presentation Of Clinical Information To Parents And Recall, Miriam Rae Maier

Dissertations and Theses

The present study was an investigation of recall following presentation of diagnostic information. The setting was the Crippled Children's Division of the University of Oregon Medical School.

The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that one session conferencing imparting diagnostic information to parents of handicapped children reduces recall. Additionally, it was hypothesized that multi-discipline conferencing is related to greater diagnostic recall than single discipline conferencing. The sample was made up of 20 parent units whose children were evaluated at the Crippled Children's Division for suspected Cerebral Palsy and/or Mental Retardation. There were ten families from the Cerebral …

The Development Of Career Activities For Fourth Grade Students, Barbara P. M. Southwick

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Today's youth have few real contacts with the work world and have little knowledge of what is expected from them. Many grade school youngsters are not aware of the type of work their parents are doing. Some do not even know where their parents work. It is difficult for most elementary students to see the relationship between their present school activities and their future life. And all too often, students can not express personal goals or plans.

As students become more aware of the world of work, they should be better prepared to enter it and they should also develop …

Two Emotional Factors And Weight Loss Among Females Attending A Weight Control Class, Karen Lynn Carrigg, Eileen Rae Wangerin

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A descriptive study was conducted on twenty-four females attending a weight control class to discover the effect of weight loss upon levels of self-esteem and anxiety, as an understanding of the relation of these factors to reduction and control of weight would prove helpful to community health nurses in counseling with overweight and obese persons in the community.

The entire sample was tested for self-esteem (TSCS) and A-State and A-Trait anxiety levels at the initial class of the weight control program sponsored by the Health Education Department of Loma Linda University Medical Center, and again after seven weeks of class …

False Physiological Feedback And Acceptance Of A High Fear Message, Michael T. Gray

All Master's Theses

This paper presents an attempt to differentiate between the drive reduction and parallel response theories as explanations of results obtained in fear communication research.

Forty-eight subjects were divided into four equal groups and while listening to a high fear message, three groups received false GSR feedback. The fourth group (control) received no feedback. The results failed to differentiate between the two theoretical models and also failed to support findings of an earlier study which used similar feedback techniques.

It was concluded that further research using false feedback techniques needs to be done.

The Effect Of Intermittent Electric Shock On The Consumption Of Alcohol In Rats, James P. Choca

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Schedule-Induced Polydipsia And Operant Licking: Effects Of Chlorpromazine, Methamphetamine And Secobarbital, Paul Tobin Maginnis

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

An Interactional Approach To Weight Reduction, Carole T. Gygi

Dissertations and Theses

A treatment program was designed to enable subjects to lose weight through the use of self-confrontation as described in Saslow (1969), and the use of the General Relationship Improvement of the Human Development Institute (HDI), Berlin and Wyckoff (1964).

Self-confrontation is a programmed rehearsal of a specific problem by one person alone, for a five-minute period. The rehearsal, or self-confrontation is to be as vivid as possible, intellectually, emotionally, visually and physically.

The General Relationship Improvement Program is a 10-week text, worked in pairs, which is aimed at better intrapsychic and interpersonal communication and understanding.

Four matched groups were used …

Using A Participating Relationship To Improve Teen-Age Unwed Mother's Self-Esteem, Linda Gail Reeves

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The study was to provide an approach to help teen-age unwed mothers increase their feelings of self-esteem and thereby attain a conceptual buffer for better coping with life. Self-esteem was defined as individual perception of the worth of oneself relative to that of significant others. The hypothesis tested was that the participating relationship a community health nurse has with a teen-age unwed mother will significantly increase the mother's self-esteem as measured by statistical Q-Sort analysis.

A convenience sample of twenty teen-age unwed mothers was obtained from referrals from San Bernardino County Health, Welfare, and Probation Departments. The girls were between …

Effects Of A Series Of Nurse-Patient Interactions On Multiple Sclerosis Patients, Lynne Campbell

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of the study was to learn whether a series of nurse-patient interactions would result in changed psychophysiologic functioning in multiple sclerosis patients.

Psychophysiologic relationships were described in the theoretical framework. Literature, reviewed in the areas of disease description and psychotherapeutic approaches to treatment, indicated that there is a high incidence of multiple sclerosis in the United States; that symptoms often include psychological alterations; that there is an emotional component to the illness; that these patients have a need for a psychotherapeutic relationship; and that psychotherapeutic approaches may have beneficial psychophysiologic effects.

Two groups of multiple sclerosis subjects were …

An Analysis Of Climatic Influences On Aggression, Alan M. Gonick

Masters Theses

The effects of exposure to various climatic conditions were analyzed to determine whether these conditions could produce aggression or facilitate shock-elicited aggression. Paired rats and single monkeys were used as subjects. The effects of independent and simultaneous changes in temperature and relative humidity were investigated in an attempt to produce aggression. Temperature, relative humidity, and length of exposure to climatic conditions were varied to determine if these conditions would facilitate shock-elicited aggression. The climatic conditions investigated were ineffective in reliably producing aggression between rats and also in facilitating shock-elicited aggression with rats and monkey subjects. Exposure to temperatures above 24.4°C …

Effects Of Gold Compounds On Rat Behavior, Jonas Kaye

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Seven rats were trained on Fixed Ratio 20 and two on Fixed Ratio 12 Escape Schedules until a stable baseline was established. Five of the subjects were administered gold thioglucose, three received gold thiomalate, and one was injected with gold, gold thioglucose, and gold thiomalate, allowing for an intrasubject comparison. Colloidal gold appeared to suppress response rate for one or two sessions, while gold thioglucose and gold thiomalate suppressed normal response rates from several to a number of sessions. This response rate suppression was often followed by gradual recovery, although in several subjects recovery of response rate could not be …

Effects Of Early Experience Upon Open-Field Behavior And The Conditioning And Extinction Of Conditioned Suppression, Larry D. Irey

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Physique And The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy, Stuart Storey

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Young people today are confronted with many problems in their everyday lives. It is difficult to tell how each individual overcomes these problems, but we do know that some problems are overcome more easily than others. This study was concerned with two problem levels, (a) those problems which were merely troublesome, and (b) those problems which were worrying. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between physique, which was considered to be one of the major factors influencing attitude and behavior, and the type and number of problem and worry items which high school freshmen students experience. …

The Effect Of Modification Of Hyperactive-Aggressive Behavior On Oral Expressive Language Behavior, Betty Susan Dowdell

All Master's Theses

The question the study sought to answer was: Will the affect of modification of hyperactive-aggressive behavior effect a change in the oral expressive language behavior of the children?

Development And Control Of Licking Behavior In The Guinea Pig (Cavia Porcellus), Jack R. Alvord

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Four non-licking guinea pigs were reinforced with water for successive approximations to licking an operandum feeder. Once all subjects had obtained their total liquid intake for a three-week period by licking, an optimum deprivation schedule was determined.

Fixed ratio and variable interval schedules were found to affect licking behavior of the guinea pig in a similar way as with the rat, mean lick rate of guinea pigs being slightly lower than that of the rat. Precise control over the onset and offset of licking was demonstrated through discrimination training.

A Study Of The Interrelationship Between Personality With Special Reference To Self Concept And Achievement In Reading, Betty F. Feezel

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Cognitive Correlates Of Body Image In College Students, Richard G. Doiron

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Survey Of The Breakfast And Snack Habits Of Adventist And Non-Adventist Adolescents, Consuelo A. Bustista

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A study was undertaken to survey by questionnaire and interview methods the breakfast and snack habits of Adventist and non-Adventist adolescents. The purposes of the study were: (I) to find out if there is any difference in the practices of Adventist and non-Adventist teenagers, and (2) to determine their attitudes toward snacking and omission of breakfast.

Results of the questionnaire were coded, punched onto IBM cards, and fed into computing machines for item and statistical analysis. Chi-square test analyses were done on denominational classification against some questions of interest to show any significant differences between Adventist and non-Adventist students' responses. …

The Effects Of Magnesium Pemoline On Delayed Interval Responding, Richard Dykes Millar

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Individual! Person! Community! What Do We Mean When We Use These Terms?, Wendall Thomas

Green Revolution

No abstract provided.

A Comparison Of Two Non-Verbal Intelligence Tests As Predictors Of Academic Success Of Navajo Students, Stanford S. Larson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was a search for a valid and reliable tool for the measurement and appraisal of the Navajo student at Intermountain School whose cultural and bilingual background make many highly verbal tests untrustworthy. The two tests chosen for the study were the Chicago Non-verbal Examination and the Cattell Institute for Personality and Ability Testing Culture Free Test. It was assumed that these tests would call attention to students who had good intellectual ability but were below standard in reading and verbal development and had been overlooked because of their lack of verbal fluency.

The two tests were administered to …

Strain Differences In Alcohol Preference On Guinea Pigs And Experimental Manipulation Of Preference By Forced Alcohol Consumption, Gerald L. Appelman

Masters Theses

Introduction

The study of the determinants of alcoholism, one of the most perplexing diseases of mankind, entered its most fruitful era of discovery in the laboratory of the animal researcher. A pioneering study of the determinants of alcohol consumption by Richter (1940) indicated that laboratory rats show a preference for alcohol over water beginning at 1.8 per cent ethanol (v/v) solution, and continue to prefer alcohol over water up to a 6 per cent ethanol (v/v) solution. Richter made two important contributions to alcohol research which had broader implications than the presentation of an index of alcohol consumption in rats. …

Effects Of Radiation Upon Consumption Of Alcohol As A Discriminated Fluid Stimulus In The Rat, Joseph A. Straka

Masters Theses

Introduction

In the recent history of psychology, considerable interest has arisen concerning the use of radiation (usually as a UCS fitted into a classical conditioning paradigm) to effect changes in behavior. Mechanisms by which radiation induces behavioral changes are obscure, and psychology, along with the disciplines of physiology and medicine, has been attempting to clarify variables in operation.

The study of drug {including alcohol) effects upon behavior has had a somewhat parallel development in the field of psychology in terms of its recency and the obscure nature of the variables operating upon resultant behavior.

These two areas of interest have …

The Effect Of Aging On Ratings Of Self, Physical Self And Related Body Concepts As Measured By A Semantic Differential, Gary V. Whalen

Master's Theses

Present Study. Although there is considerable overlap between the body image and the self concept, it would be premature to draw any conclusions regarding one based upon the other until the nature and extent of correlation is obtained. This study is an attempt to determine the extent and direction that an individual's body image may fluctuate as a function of growing old. It is concerned with how the human organism may change over time with respect to a single aspect of the constellations of factors that go into making up a person's self concept. More specifically, do body part ratings …

Morbidity, Growth And Development Of Prematurely-Born Twins In Early Childhood, Lynelle King

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study was concerned with the problem of determining the effect of twinship on the prematurely-born twin's growth and physical and emotional morbidity during early childhood. The immediate purposes of the study were to compare prematurely-born twins with prematurely-born singletons regarding their incidence and types of physical and emotional morbidity, and their growth during early childhood. It was hypothesized that prematurely-born twins have slower growth and more physical and emotional morbidity than prematurely born singletons. The descriptive survey method was used. From children cared for at a selected premature clinic, nineteen twins were matched with nineteen singletons for: race, sex, …