Digital Commons Network^™

The Cry-Wolf Phenomenon And Its Effect On Alarm Responses, James P. Bliss

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Responses to alarms are assumed important. Yet failure to respond to alarms is recognized, although is not well understood or quantified. Conditions that might induce a failure to respond include alarm unreliability (i.e., numerous false alarms, the "cry-wolf" effect), high primary task demand, or low criticality of the alarm itself. The goals of this research were to substantiate the existence of the cry-wolf effect, quantifying its effect on operator performance, and to examine the relation between the cry-wolf effect and alarm criticality. One hundred thirty-eight UCF students alternatively performed two primary tasks, chosen from the Automated Performance Test System. Subjects …

The Relationship Between Self-Esteem And Achievement In An Rotc Leadership Development And Assessment Setting, Robert W. Dinnen

Masters Theses

This study was designed to determine whether there was a positive relationship between an individual's self-esteem and their achievement in a leadership development and assessment setting. While correlational studies have been conducted utilizing self-esteem and achievement as variables, no known study has been conducted with achievement at ROTC Advance Camp as a dependent variable. The hypothesis tested focused on determining if there is a positive relationship between self-esteem and achievement at ROTC Advance Camp. Sixty-six ROTC cadets from five select universities in the state of Illinois were administered the Barksdale Self-Esteem Evaluation Number 35. The results of their evaluation was …

The Psychological Types Of Physical Therapy Administrators, Heather Despres, Kelly Myers, Sue Woods

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to describe the distribution of psychological types among physical therapy administrators. Our random sample was taken from the membership roster of the Section on Administration of the American Physical Therapy Association. We used the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator to assess psychological types and a demographic questionnaire to collect data on the administrators.; The most common psychological types among the participants (n = 45) were found to be ISFJ, ESFJ, ISTJ, INTJ, and ENTJ, respectively. Although no explicitly predominant type was found, a clear preference toward judging (J) was noted.

State-Dependent Learning During Alprazolam Assisted Exposure: A Pilot Study Of Social Phobia, Patrick B. Mcgrath '93

Honors Projects

Social phobia is a newly defined disorder, and treatments for it typically involve pharmacotherapy or some form of in vivo exposure. When combining these therapies, there are three possible outcomes: No effect, an additive effect, or an interference effect. If additive, the pharmacotherapy will enhance the extinction of fear, and it will not increase the chance of relapse after drug discontinuation. If there is an interference effect, the pharmacotherapy will block extinction to the phobic situation, and there will be a relapse of anxiety when placed in the phobic situation in the no drug state. If this is the result, …

The Development Of An Instrument To Screen Children At Risk For Attention Deficit Disorder, Carlisle Applewhaite

Dissertations

Problem. The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to screen children who may be at risk for Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD). This study utilized ten subtests/variables--letter sequencing, numerical operations, number sequencing, coding, listening concentration, color sequencing, object sequence, attention for sequencing, selective attention, and sentence repetition--to generate responses from two groups of students. The intent was to determine if the linear combination of variables or some subset of them could discriminate between the ADD and nonADD groups.

Method. The items in each subtest were carefully selected and subjected to critiques by eight psychologists, a psychometrician, and two …

Perceived Stress Levels Of Registered Nurses Employed In Medical-Surgical And Critical Care Units, Karen Snyder Keese

Masters Theses

The purpose of this research was to compare perceived stress levels of registered nurses employed in medical-surgical units to perceived stress levels of registered nurses employed in critical care units. A descriptive, correlational study was conducted using Wolfgang's (1988) Health Professions Stress Inventory. Perceptions of stress were measured and related to specialty, years of experience, years of nursing education, hours worked per week, and shift worked. A convenience sample of 102 registered nurses from two midwestern hospitals participated by a self administered questionnaire. Study findings included: medical-surgical nurses perceived significantly higher levels of stress than critical care nurses; stressors for …

An Assessment Of Covert Racism In The Attributional Process Toward Interracial Couples, Holly J. Huck

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Factors Related To The Adoption Of Risk Reducing Behavior For Hiv In Women: A Community Based Study, Tricia Lynn Hunter

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

An Attempt To Predict Evaluation Of Current And Former Leaders By Examining Characteristics Of Their Followers, Jessica A. Golub

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Affective Predication And The Recall Of Personality-Trait Words, Donna G. Hughes

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Relationship Of Type A To Illness, Sigurlina Davidsdottir

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Social Support And Positive Life Experience: The Relationship Of Social Support To Well-Being, Perceived Control, And Positive Life Events, Michael P. Meehan

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Natural Spirituality And Personality, Paul Yavornitzky

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Memory Biases In Left Versus Right Implied Motion, Andrea R. Halpern, Michael H. Kelly

Faculty Journal Articles

People remember moving objects as having moved farther along in their path of motion than is actually the case; this is known as representational momentum (RM). Some authors have argued that RM is an internalization of environmental properties such as physical momentum and gravity. Five experiments demonstrated that a similar memory bias could not have been learned from the environment. For right-handed Ss, objects apparently moving to the right engendered a larger memory bias in the direction of motion than did those moving to the left. This effect, clearly not derived from real-world lateral asymmetries, was relatively insensitive to changes …

Acceptance Of Persons With Mental Illnesses: Labeling Effects And Sex Differences, Laura J. Anderson

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of a label per se on the acceptance of persons with mental illnesses. The design was a two (Sex of Subject) by two (Sex of Vignette Character) by two (Label of Mental Illness versus Label of No Mental Illness) factorial design. Sixty male and 72 female undergraduates participated. Each subject read one of four vignettes which provided a mildly positive description of an individual who was either male or female and who either had or did not have a label of mental illness. The vignettes were identical except for manipulation …

Adolescent Coping Styles And Response To Stress: A Study Of The Relationship Between The Preferred Coping Styles Of Female Senior High School Students And Their Levels Of Anxiety And Self-Confidence When Facing A Major Academic Stressor, Elizabeth J. Lawson

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

A growing body of research indicates the importance of coping strategies when an individual responds to environmental demands. Community concern about the maladaptive responses of some adolescents, limited research with this age group, and the development of a new Australian measure of adolescent coping provided the impetus for this study. The study was conducted with 141 female students in their final year of High School. They completed the Adolescent Coping Scale (ACS) in March, and measures of anxiety and self-confidence in November, just before major external examinations. Behavioural rating scales were completed by parents and teachers. The adolescent group reported …

The Development, Implementation And Evaluation Of A Constructivist Learning Approach Based On Personal Construct Psychology, A. R. Fetherstonhaugh

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This study involved the development, implementation and evaluation of a constructivist learning model based on Kelly's (1955) Personal Construct Psychology (PCP). The thesis begins with a rationale for the use of PCP and then the instructional approach is derived from this theoretical basis. Following the derivation, examples of learning materials used in the implementation are presented. The second half of the thesis deals with data gathered before, during and after the implementation which occurred in two Year 9 science classes. The classes were part of a city high school in Western Australia.

A Comparative Study Of Young Adolescent, Older Adolescent, And Adult Mothers On Knowledge Of Child Development, Perceived Parental Competence, And Problem-Solving Ability, Catherine A. D'Anna

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Economic Impacts Of Noxious Facilities: Incorporating The Effects Of Risk Aversion, Leslie A. Nieves

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

The author suggests an integrative approach for projecting economic impacts of facilities that elicit public Risk aversion. She incorporates both economic stimulus effects and perception-based effects of facilities on the host area economy. Empirical findings are compared and an impact estimation framework is suggested for integrating psychometric and econometric techniques.

The Vocational Interests Of Prisoners: A Preliminary Validation Study Of The Lustig Color Vector Test, Hanoch Livneh, Robert E. Pullo, Paul Lustig

Counselor Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

The purpose of this study was to provide empirical evidence for the validity of the Lustig Color Vector Test (LCVT) as a vocational interest measure. The LCVT, a nonverbal instrument, is a schematic attempt to represent the Vector Theory of Behavior which describes human behavior in terms of motion and the laws of physics. A sample of 92 participants was chosen to represent the literate male population of incarcerated offenders in the Wisconsin state prison system.-Participants were administered the LCVT as well as Holland's Vocational Preference Inventory (VPI) and a demographic questionnaire. The results offered tentative support to the notion …

An Investigation Of The Exclusion Of Students With Disabilities In National Data Collection Programs, Kevin S. Mcgrew, Martha L. Thurlow, Amy N. Spiegel

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

This investigation examined the extent to which students with disabilities are involved in a select sample of national data collection programs that are playing a pivotal role in the measurement-driven educational reform movement. Nine data collection programs that are receiving significant attention in current educational reform initiatives were reviewed. The results suggest that approxi-mately 40% to 50% of school-age students with disabilities are excluded from some of the most prom-inent national educational data collection programs. In contrast, students with disabilities are included to a greater degree in noneducational data collection programs that do not require partici-pation in direct assessment activities. …

Children's Understanding Of Intentions, Emotions, And Intention-Emotion Relationships, Kathleen Grace Haver, Elaine M. Justice

Modern Psychological Studies

This study examined children's understanding of the role of intentionality in social interactions. Four, six, and eight year olds were read stories, illustrated with simple pictures, depicting accidental or deliberate actions. The study used a forced choice paradigm that asked children to indicate which of two pictures showed (1) an intentional (or unintentional) act and (2) a situation in which the victim would be sad (or mad). Six and eight year olds, but not Four year olds, correctly identified deliberate actions at above chance levels. Eight year olds identified accidental actions and situations in which the victim would be mad …

Birth, Death, And Recreation: An Archetypical Interpretation Of Mary Shelley's Waking Vision, Irish-Ann Burch

Modern Psychological Studies

Mary Shelly, the author of Frankenstein (Shelley, 1831), experienced a waking vision, leading to the creation of Frankenstein. Using Jungian theory, the characters in Frankenstein can be understood as projections of Mary's repressed feelings. These projections occurred because of Mary's strong identification with the mother archetype, consisting of 1) the maternal element and 2) the Eros. Mary had a hypertrophy (exaggerated identification) of the maternal element and a strong identification with the Eros, due to the early death of her mother and the later deaths of her three children. These events combined to produce Mary's unique personality development and her …

Worry And The Inhibition Of Emotionally Valanced Stimuli In A Directed Forgetting Paradigm, T. Michelle Brown, Rich Metzger, Carol Bilbrey

Modern Psychological Studies

There is considerable evidence in support of an attentional bias among clinically anxious individuals for threatening stimuli. However, a similar bias is not usually found in non-clinical anxious individuals and neither population has tended to show a response bias for mood-congruent information. We proposed that the measurement of anxiety in normals has previously been flawed due to questionnaires which do not accurately select pathological worry, the cognitive component of anxiety. First, we administered the Penn State Worry Questionnaire and selected only those with the most extreme high and low scores. At the time of testing, these subjects were given a …

The Effects Of Child-Directed Speech Vs Adult-Directed Speech On Attention And Categorization In Prelinguistic Infants, Jean M. Schumacher

Student Work

The facilitative role of linguistic input on nonlinguistic categorization is frequently explained in terms of children's attention to uniquely linguistic forms such as words. In the three experiments reported here, 15-month-old infants were familiarized to visual stimuli in the context of hearing either adult-directed speech (ADS) or child-directed speech (CDS) during visual fixations. Categorization was successful with CDS and ADS input when accumulated attention was not constrained (Experiment 1). Moreover, there were no differences in accumulated attention as a function of input type. When attention was constrained to 90 seconds (Experiments 2 and 3), ADS input disrupted categorization more for …

Implications Of External Memory For Investigations Of Mind, Paula T. Hertel

Psychology Faculty Research

External memory–records of experiences that are maintained in repositories that are external to their users–provides context for many everyday cognitive acts. Some initial research has shown that such context influences learning, remembering, and judgements of knowing. The scope of both basic and applied memory research should be broadened in ways that address issues about the interaction of external memory and mind.

Cognition, Emotion, And Memory: Some Applications And Issues, H. C. Ellis, Paula T. Hertel

Psychology Faculty Research

This chapter describes some ways in which the psychology of cognition, emotion, and memory can or might be applied in several practical settings. Recent years have seen a rapid growth in research on cognition and emotion and this research has been summarized in a variety of sources (e.g., Ellis & Ashbrook, 1988, 1989; Ellis, Varner, & Becker, in press; Fiedler & Forgas, 1988; lsen, 1984; Kuiken, 1989; Williams, Watts, MacLeod, & Mathews, 1988). Moreover, a new journal appeared in 1987, Cognition and Emotion, which is entirely devoted to relations among emotional states and the full range of cognitive processes …

Options-Promoting Interactive Behaviors And Symbolic Play: Longitudinal Investigation, Stephanie Rychlak Stilson

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Separation-Individuation, Family Functioning, And Adjustment In First Year College Students: A Longitudinal Study, Glenn M. Mcclanahan

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Postsynaptic Ca2+, But Not Cumulative Depolarization, Is Necessary For The Induction Of Associative Plasticity In Hermissenda, Ronald F. Rogers, R. F. Matzel

Faculty Publications

The neuronal modifications that underlie associative memory in Hermissenda have their origins in a synaptic interaction between the visual and vestibular systems, and can be mimicked by contiguous in vitro stimulation of these converging pathways. At the offset of vestibular stimulation (i.e., hair cell activity), the B photoreceptors are briefly released from synaptic inhibition resulting in a slight depolarization (2–4 mV). If contiguous pairings of light-induced depolarization and presynaptic vestibular activity occur in close temporal succession, this depolarization “accumulates” and has been hypothesized to culminate in a sustained rise in intracellular Ca2+ and a resultant Ca(2+)-mediated phosphorylation of K+ channels …