Digital Commons Network^™

Biology And Control Of Cattle Grubs, Philip J. Scholl

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

PERSPECTIVES AND OVERVIEW

Two species of cattle grubs (Diptera: Oestridae) affect cattle in the Northern Hemisphere: Hypoderma iineatum, the common cattle grub or lesser cattle warble fly, and Hypoderma bovis, the northern cattle grub or larger cattle warble fly. The word warble is Anglo-Saxon for boil.

Adults of the cattle grub are commonly known as heel flies, warble flies, bomb flies, or gad flies. This parasite has been observed and recorded for centuries (159), and Bracy Clark (50) cited and discussed references from Biblical times to Shakespeare. Scientific observations on the biology were first recorded in the 1700s …

A Polymerase Chain Reaction Method For Identification Of Five Major Meloidogyne Species, Thomas O. Powers, T. S. Harris

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for discriminating Meloidogyne incognita, M. arenaria, M. javanica, M. hapla, and M. chitwoodi was developed. Single juveniles were ruptured in a drop of water and added directly to a PCR reaction mixture in a microcentrifuge tube. Primer annealing sites were located in the 3' portion of the mitochondrial gene coding for cytochrome oxidase subunit II and in the 16S rRNA gene. Following PCR amplification, fragments of three sizes were detected. The M. incognita and M. javanica reactions produced a 1.7-kb fragment; the M. arenaria reaction, a 1.1-kb fragment; and the …

Dependence Of 3 Nebraska Sandhills Warm-Season Grasses On Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizae, John J. Brejda, D. H. Yocom, Lowell E. Moser, Steven S. Waller

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) are rare or absent in actively eroding soils of the Sandhills. The objective of this study was to determine if 3 major Sandhills warm-season grasses used in reseeding eroded Sandhills sites are highly mycorrhizal dependent, and evaluate the response of VAM at different phosphorus (P) levels. In 2 greenhouse experiments, sand bluestem [Andropogon gerardii var. paucipilus (Nash) Fern.], switchgrass, (Panicum virgatum L.), and prairie sandreed [Calamovilfa longifolio (Hook) Scribn.] were grown in steam-sterilized sand in pots and inoculated with either indigenous Sandhills VAM, Glomus deserticola, or noninoculated. In the second experiment, VAM inoculated …

Breeding Systems For Cross-Pollinated Perennial Grasses, K. P. Vogel, Jeffrey F. Pedersen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

I. Introduction

II. Reproductive and Breeding Characteristics

III. Breeding Systems

A. Ecotype Selection

B. Recurrent, RestricteclPhenotypic Selection

C. Half-sib Progeny Test

D. Between and Within Family Selection

E. Recurrent Multistep Family Selection

IV. Gains From Selection

A. Time Interval per Cycle

B. Potential Gain per Cycle .

C. Potential Inbreeding per Cycle

V. Polycrossing

VI. Hybrid Cultivars

VII. Conclusions

Literature Cited

Meristic And Organogenetic Variation In Ruppia Occidentalis And R. Maritima, Robert B. Kaul

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Floral meristic and organogenetic variation was sampled in Ruppia occidentalis from an alkaline lake of the Nebraska Sandhills and in Ruppia maritima var. rostrata from a saline, non-Sandhills lake nearby. The androecium is meristically stable, always having two stamens, but the gynoecium is not. Seventy-two percent of the flowers of R. maritima had four carpels and the others had three, and in 80% of inflorescences the two flowers had the same number. In about one-third of inflorescences having dissimilar carpel numbers, the four-carpellate flower was uppermost. The number of carpels in each flower of R. occidentalis ranged from four to …

Molecular Approaches For Control Of Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus, H. B. Scholthof, M. Borja, Thomas Jack Morris, A. O. Jackson

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

I N this overview strategies are discussed that are currently being tested in our laboratory in an effort to engineer resistance against tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) in plants. TBSV is chosen as a model-system since this is an economically important RNA virus that is well characterized at the molecular level and the virus has some interesting and potentially useful features that can be exploited to produce resistant plants. Moreover, we anticipate that the information derived from our studies with TBSV will be applicable in developing resistance to other plant viruses. Some approaches that we are attempting to apply to …

Life History And Description Of Immature Stages Of Aciurina Thoracica (Diptera: Tephritidae) On Baccharis Sarothroides In Southern California, David H. Headrick, Richard D. Goeden

Horticulture and Crop Science

Aciurina thoracica Curran forms galls on branches of at least three species of Baccharis in southern California. The egg, second and third instars, and puparium obtained from B. sarothroides Gray are described and illustrated. Aciurina thoracica's median oral lobe is described and illustrated. The egg is inserted singly into branch tips of B. sarothroides in early spring. Gall and larval growth continue through summer and fall, and pupariation occurs in early winter. Adults emerge in late winter or early spring, mate, and oviposit into newly forming branch tips. Adult behavior including courtship and copulation is described and compared with other …

Wood Anatomy Of Amanoa (Euphorbiaceae), W. John Hayden, Mark P. Simmons, Linda J. Swanson

Biology Faculty Publications

Wood anatomy of 29 specimens of seven species of Amanoa from tropical Africa, South America, and the Caribbean is described. The wood is diffuse-porous with most vessels in short radical multiples. Vessel elements are notably long, have simple perforation plates and small, alternative intervessel pits; tyloses are present in heartwood. Libriform wood fibres bear thick walls. Axial parenchyma distribution is diffuse and diffuse-in-aggregates. Chambered crystalliferous axial parenchyma is common. Rays are heterocellular, narrow, and very tall. The species examined, all from moist lowland forests, have similar wood structure. Wood of Amanoa resembles that of other primitive Euphorbiaceae.

Effectiveness Of The Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria Bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. For Control Of The Stem Borer Chilo Partellus (Swinhoe) In Maize In Kenya, Nguya K. Maniania

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and insecticide trichlorfon were compared for the control of stem borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) in field experiments at different times of infestation. Egg masses of C. partellus at the blackhead stage were pinned to the undersurface of the maize leaves. Two fungal formulations, conidial aqueous suspensions and a granular formulation, were applied. Compared with the untreated checks, the numbers of surviving C. partellus larvae were significantly reduced in treatments where B. bassiana was applied at a concentration of 1013 conidia ha-1 as granules and as two aqueous spray formulations. No significant difference in numbers …

Comparison Of The Phosphate Requirements Of Burr Medic And Yellow Serradella With Subterranean Clover In The Low Rainfall Wheatbelt Of Western Australia, Blakely Paynter

Grain and Other Field Crops Research Articles

Burr medic (Medicago polymorpha) and yellow serradella (Ornithopus compressus) were compared with subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) in their response to freshly topdressed phosphate in the low rainfall wheatbelt of Western Australia. Species were compared on the amount of applied phosphorus (P) required for 90% maximum yield and the ratio of their curvature coefficients from the Mitscherlich relationship between P applied and absolute yield. On marginally acidic, medium-textured soils, burr medic had a higher external shoot requirement for applied P than subterranean clover. Relative differences between the species were affected by season, initial concentration of bicarbonate-extractable P in the soil (0-10 …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 24, No.4 December 1992

The Prairie Naturalist

NEW VASCULAR PLANT RECORDS FOR NORTIl DAKOTA ▪ B. L. Heidel, A. J. Duxbury, W.T. Barker, and J. R. Challey

GROWTH OF BLUEGILLS AND YELLOW PERCH IN SOUTH DAKOTA WATERS ▪ D.w. Willis, J.P. Lott, C.S. Guy, and D.O. Lucchesi

SEASONAL VARIATION IN SAMPLING DATA FOR WALLEYE AND SAUGER COLLECTED WITH GILL NETS FROM LAKE SAKAKAWEA, NORTH DAKOTA ▪ S.W. Mero andD.W. Willis

OBSERVATIONS ON NESTING OF THE AMERICAN BITTERN IN NORTIlWEST MINNESOTA ▪ W D. Svedarsky

FOOD HABITS OF MOURNING DOVES IN EAST CENTRAL SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ J.T. Van't Hul and J.A. Jenks

DISTRIBUTION OF TIlE PYGMY SHREW IN …

Landman Development And Evaluation In The Wallatin Creek Catchment - Final Report, Alan Hawkins

Natural resources published reports

The aim of the project was to evaluate and further develop the Landman farm planning procedure. The Wallatin creek catchment in the Kellerberrin shire of Western Australia was selected. This catchment is typical of a large area of the wheatbelt of Western Australia.

The landman farm planning procedure has a goal of sustainable farming. The outcome of the procedure is farm layout and farm management plans. The procedure however has components of personal development, technology transfer and development of problem solving skills at both individual and group levels. The process steps are; definition of objectives, collection of information, problem or …

Nebline, November 1992

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Ag Update: Agricultural News & Events

Home Extension News

On-the-Grow: Horticulture News & Recommendations

The Cloverline: 4-H News and Events

Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) News

Extension Calendar

and other extension news

Simulating Winter Wheat Shoot Apex Phenology , G. S. Mcmaster, Wallace Wilhelm, J. A. Morgan

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Simulation models are heuristic tools for integrating diverse processes and help to increase our understanding of complex processes and systems. Models that predict crop development can serve as decision-support tools in crop management. This paper describes a phenology simulation model for the winter wheat shoot apex and reports validation and sensitivity analysis results.

The complete developmental sequence of the winter wheat shoot apex is quantitatively outlined and correlated with commonly recognized phenological growth stages. The phyllochron is used to measure the thermal time between most phenological growth stages, thereby increasing the flexibility over the growing degree-day (GDD) and photothermal approaches. …

Review Of Field Guide To Wildflowers Of Nebraska And The Great Plains, Roadside Wildflowers Of The Southern Great Plains, Wildflowers Of The Northern Great Plains, And Wildflowers Of The Tallgrass Prairie: The Upper Midwest., Kathleen H. Keeler

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

These four flower books represent a blossoming of attractive popular books describing prairie plants. Each of these four books has a slightly different goal. In terms of area covered, Farrar focuses on Nebraska, Vance, Jowsey and Mclean consider plants of the northern Great Plains, Freeman and Schofield aim at roadside wildflowers of the southern Plains, and Runkel and Roosa on wildflowers of the northern tallgrass prairie. The types of plants included vary also. Farrar includes both common and rare Nebraska wildflowers but no shrubs or trees, Vance et al. include common native wildflowers, visible introduced species, and some woody plants. …

Structural Characterization Of Fucoidan And Its Role In The Hemizona Assay, Manish S. Patankar

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

Fucoidan is a polysaccharide commonly found in brown algae. It is a sulfated polymer of the monosaccharide L-fucose. Fucoidan is thought to function in water retention by algae. Commercially available fucoidan is extracted from a brown algae called Eurus vesiculosus.

This polysaccharide has immense potential as a biologically active agent: (i) it exhibits anticoagulant action, (ii) it has also been reported to block retroviral replication and (iii) it is capable of blocking sperm-egg binding in sea urchin, mouse and rabbit. Recently, fucoidan has also been shown to block the interaction of human sperm and egg in the hemizona assay …

Red Butte Canyon Research Natural Area: History, Flora, Geology, Climate, And Ecology, James R. Ehleringer, Lois A. Arnow, Ted Arnow, Irving B. Mcnulty, Norman C. Negus

Great Basin Naturalist

Red Butte Canyon is a protected, near pristine canyon entering Salt Lake Valley, Utah. It contains a well-developed riparian zone and a perennial stream; hillside vegetation ranges from grasslands on the lower limits to Douglas-fir and aspen stands at the upper elevations. In this paper we describe the history of human impact, natural history aspects of climate, geology, and ecology, and faunal and floral information for key species in the canyon. The role and importance of Research Natural Areas is discussed, particularly with respect to the need to protect Red Butte Canyon—one of the few remaining undisturbed riparian ecosystems in …

A Homolog Of Escherichia Coli Reca Protein In Plastids Of Higher Plants, H. Osman, P. Grandoni, Heriberto D. Cerutti, André Jagendorf

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

Studies of chloroplast DNA variations, and several direct experimental observations, indicate the existence of recombination ability in algal and higher plant plastids. However, no studies have been done of the biochemical pathways involved. Using a part of a cyanobacterial recA gene as a probe in Southern blots, we have found homologous sequences in total DNA from Pisum sativum and Arabidopsis thaliana and in a cDNA library from Arabidopsis. A cDNA was cloned and sequenced, and its predicted amino acid sequence is 60.7% identical to that of the cyanobacterial RecA protein. This finding is consistent with our other results showing …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 24, No.3 September 1992

The Prairie Naturalist

VESICULAR-ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAE IN BLOWOUT PENSTEMON ▪ T. R. Flessner and J. Stubbendieck

STATUS OF HAPLOPAPPUS FREMONTII A. GRAY SSP. MONOCEPHALUS (A. NELSON) HALL [ASTERACEAE] IN COLORADO ▪ K.A. Schulz and R.B. Shaw

HABITAT CHANGES ABOVE AND BELOW WATER PROJECTS ON THE NORTH PLATTE AND SOUTH PLATTE RIVERS IN NEBRASKA ▪ P. M. McDonald and J.G. Sidle

INSECT FLORAL VISITORS TO FOUR SPECIES OF TALL-GRASS PRAIRIE COMPOSITE (ASTERACEAE: HELIANTHEAE) ▪ J. A. Dickinson and M. J. McKone

SUMMER BIRD USE OF KANSAS WINDBREAKS ▪ T.T. Cable, R.L. Schroeder, V. Brack, Jr., and P.S. Cook

RING-NECKED PHEASANTS AND FOOD PLOT SIZE (GALLIFORMES: …

Remnant Vegetation Protection Scheme 1991 Blocks, J E D Fox, P Read, J - Pg Orsini

All other publications

No abstract provided.

Proceedings Of The Workshop Social Science Research And The Crsps, C. Milton Coughenour, John M. Yohe, Anne E. Ferguson, Jere L. Gilles, Jo Purcell

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Contents

Executive Summary: A New Agenda for CRSP Social Science Research - C. Milton Coughenour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

Session 1

Developing a Strategic Research Agenda David G. Cummins, Chair

Framing a Strategic Research Agenda.-John Yohe ................ 3

Social Sciences and Collaborative Research: Toward an Agenda for the Social Sciences in Agriculture -Jere Lee Gilles ............... 7

Session 2

Technology Development and Sustaining Household Food Security Kathleen DeWalt, Chair

Technology Development and Household Food Security - …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 24. No.2 June 1992

The Prairie Naturalist

FIRST FLOWERING DATES AND FLOWERING PERIODS OF PRAIRIE PLANTS AT WOODWORTH. NORTH DAKOTA ▪ J. M. Callow, J A. Kanlrud, and K.F. Higgins

PROBABLE DISTRIBUTION OF THE WOODCHUCK IN NORTH CENTRAL KANSAS ▪ J.R. Choate and T. W. Haner

NEST AND NEST SITE CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME GROUND-NESTING NON-PASSERINE BIRDS OF NORTHERN GRASSLANDS ▪ H A. Kantrud and K.F. Higgins

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS FOR NORTH DAKOTA ▪ R.N. Randall

COMPARISON OF SIZE STRUCfURE AND CATCH RATE FOR LARGEMOUTH BASS SAMPLES COLLECTED BY ELECTROFlSHING AND ANGLING ▪ DJ. Isaak, T.D. Hill, and D.W. Willis

MULE DEER HABITAT USE IN THE NORTH DAKOTA …

Book Review: Genetically Engineered Organisms: Benefits And Risks, Anne K. Vidaver

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

In the continuing debate on the introduction into the environment of genetically modified organisms, particularly those modified by recombinant DNA, there are few books suitably written for policymakers, the lay public and scientists in other fields. This book describes the current state of the science and art of genetic engineering, potential uses (particularly outside the laboratory), and the benefits that can be expected. It is particularly pertinent for examining potential risk and management of risk from the perspective of the United Kingdom.

Dna Extraction From Preserved Trout Tissues, D. K. Shiozawa, J. Kudo, R. P. Evans, S. R. Woodward, R. N. Williams

Great Basin Naturalist

We have adapted techniques developed for the extraction of DNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-imbedded human tissues for use on preserved fish tissues. DNA was successfully extracted and the d-loop region of mitochondrial DNA was amplified with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The sequences of the amplified DNA from preserved and modern samples were identical. These techniques were also applied to fin tissue treated with a variety of preservatives. Extraction of DNA from ethyl alcohol and air-dried fin tissues gave yields equivalent to those from frozen tissues. Extraction of DNA from preserved museum specimens of rare or extinct taxa could significantly increase …

Nebline, May 1992

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Ag Update: Agricultural News & Events

Home Extension News

On-the-Grow: Horticulture News & Recommendations

The Cloverline: 4-H News and Events

Extension Calendar

and other extension news

Wheat Kernel Hormone Levels During Development And Their Relevance To Zygotic And Somatic Embryogenesis, J. Richard Hess

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) zygotic embryogenesis occurs in a dynamically regulated ovular environment, and in ovulo hormones regulate embryogenic processes. Levels of ABA, IAA, and the cytokinins Z, ZR, DHZ, DHZR, iP, and iPA were studied in developing wheat kernels from anthesis to maturity. High cytokinin and low IAA and ABA levels were associated with the early stage of embryo formation and active tissue histodifferentiation. Following histodifferentiation, cytokinin levels declined while IAA accumulated throughout the stage of active grain growth and then declined with grain maturity. ABA levels increased at the soft-dough developmental stage and through to grain maturity. …

Responses Of Canada Thistle To Defoliation And To Damage From A Stem-Mining Weevil In Utah, Wendy Sue Halsey

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The responses of Canada thistle stems to damage by two types of herbivores were investigated to determine the potential role of these herbivores as biological control agents. Canada thistle stems at a cattle exclosure in Rich County, Utah were cut at one to two centimeters aboveground in June, 1991, to mimic grazing by cattle. Neighboring stems within 30 centimeters were also cut in some treatments to investigate the effects of physiologically connected ramets on the growth and reproductive responses of individual focal stems. I measured plant height, stem diameter, and number of flowerheads for each of the focal stems during …

Effects Of Polyacrylamide On Rangeland Soils And Plants, Saud Leily R. Al-Rowaily

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of two forms of polyacrylamide (PAM) conditioners (Cross-linked and Non-cross-linked PAM) on evaporation, saturated hydraulic conductivity, water retention, crust and crack formation of soils, seed germination, and seedling and tubeling growth.

The two PAM conditioners, 0.2% concentration by weight, were mixed with seven soils of different textures (sandy loam, silt, silty clay loam, silt loam, fine sand, medium sand, and coarse sand) to investigate the effects on evaporation, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and water retention. Soil samples of different textures were brought to field capacity and placed in a growth chamber …

Soil Heterogeneity And Its Exploitation By Plants, Robert B. Jackson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In this dissertation I first examine the ability of individual plants in the field to garner localized soil nutrients. I then measure actual soil variability around perennial plants and use various statistics to quantify the scale and degree of that variability.

Soil patches on opposite sides of Pseudoroegneria spicata tussocks were treated with distilled water or a nutrient solution containing N, P, or K in three field experiments. When P was augmented in the enriched soil patches, rates of P uptake increased significantly for roots from enriched patches compared with roots in control patches. Rates of ammonium and potassium uptake …

No-Tillage Seeders And Their Adoption In North America With Relevance To Western Australia, J K. Bligh

Resource management technical reports

The adoption of no-tillage seeders appears generally to be at a similar stage in North America as in Western Australia. One notable difference is the communication provided by several no-tillage farmers organisations, such as the Manitoba-North Dakota Zero Tillage Farmers Association. Since almost all development of no-tillage systems has been carried out by farmers, such associations have proven invaluable in directly providing communication with their peers.