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Production Of High-Value Wheats : One Sustainable Answer To The Cost:Price Squeeze, Wal Anderson, Alan Peggs, Doug Sawkins

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Farmers and scientists alike over the past decade have sought to address the declining terms of farm trade (the cost.price squeeze) by increasing wheat yields in ways that will ensure both their economic and ecological survival. Nevertheless, costs have continued to increase as a proportion of the value of the product.

Many farmers have increased their wheat yields substantially and the industry as a whole is more conscious of the quality of its product.

Over the past 10 years or more there has been intense interest in, and considerable adoption of. conservation farming techniques such as minimum tillage, residue retention, …

The Russian Wheat Aphid In Utah, Jay B. Karren

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Assassin Bug, Alan H. Roe

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Ash/Lilac Borer, Jay B. Karren

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

What Are The Indirect Costs Of Pesticide Use?, Ted Evans

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Pea Aphid Outbreaks Associated With Spraying For The Alfalfa Weevil In Utah, Ted Evans, Jay B. Karren, Clyde Hurst

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Cereal Leaf Beetle, Jay B. Karren

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Nebline, January 1993

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

On-the-Grow: Horticulture News

Ag Update: Agricultural News & Events

Home Extension News

Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) News

Home Extension Club News

The Cloverline: 4-H News & Events

Extension Calendar

and other extension news and events

Vascular Flora Of Three Watersheds In The Fernow Experimental Forest And Factors Influencing Species Composition Of The Herbaceous Layer, Staci Dudash Smith Aulick

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Herbaceous layer communities respond to a number of environmental variables in forests: thus, study of the herb layer is essential for a more complete understanding of the forest ecosystem. The objectives of this study were to (1) describe the flora of the watersheds. (2) describe the species richness and diversity of watersheds 3, 4 , and 7 of the Fernow Experimental Forest, Parsons, West Virginia, and (3) examine stand and soil variables and their influence on the herbaceous communities or the forest. Watersheds were selected on the basis of stand age/history (WS3 "20yr, clearcut; WS7 "20 yr. clearcut and herbicide: …

Bulletin 4247 - Introduction To Commercial Mushroom Growing, Margaret Graham

Bulletins 4000 -

Mushroom cultivation began in Australia in the 1930s in the then incomplete and unused Circular Quay railway tunnel in Sydney. In the 1950s most mushrooms were grown in heaped or 'ridge-beds' of compost in disused railway tunnels.

In the last 15 to 20 years there has been considerable technical change in the method and degree of sophistication of mushroom cultivation techniques. Most growers have invested large sums of capital in specially designed and insulated buildings that control temperature, humidity and ventilation and where pest and disease prevention and control is less difficult.

The bag method also helps to alleviate pest …

Important Pests Of Ornamental Aspen, Fred A. Baker, Karen Shotwell, Diane Alston, Sherman Thomson

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Light, Nitrogen, And Water Management On Rice (Oryza Sativa) Tolerance To Fenoxaprop, Roy J. Smith Jr., Aurora M. Baltazar, Paolo Nastasi

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The effect of light intensity, nitrogen (N), and water management on rice (Oryza sativa cv. 'Newbonnet' and 'Lemont') tolerance to fenoxaprop {(+)-2-[4[(6-chloro-2-benzoxazolyl)oxy]phenoxy]propanoic acid} was determined in two field studies at the Rice Research and Extension Center, Stuttgart, AR, in 1988 and 1989. In one study, 'Newbonnet' rice was treated with 0.22 kgai ha-1fenoxaprop at 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, and 28 days after N application and flooding. Moderate to severe foliar chlorosis, stunting, and stand and yield reductions occurred when fenoxaprop was applied within 7 days after N application and flooding. None to slight injury or yield reduction …

Occurrence Of The Hybrid Honey Locust (Gleditsia X Texana Sarg.) In Southwest Arkansas, Brian A. Smith, Daniel L. Marsh

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Sequencing Two Dna Templates In Five Channels By Digital Compression, Michaela Nelson, Yanping Zhang, David L. Steffens, Reingard Grabherr, James L. Van Etten

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

By applying algebraic coding methods to the Sanger dideoxynucleotide procedure, DNA sequences of two templates can be determined simultaneousl in only flve reactions and data channels. A 5:2 data compression is accomplished by instantaneous source coding of nucleotide sequence pairs into one set of 5-bit block codes. A general algebraic expression, 2" - 1 ≥ 4^f, describes conditions under which f DNA templates can be sequenced using n channels. Such compression sequencing is accurate and effcient, as demonstrated by manual ³⁵S autoradiographic detection and automated on-line analysis using fluorescent-labeled primers. Symmetric 5:2 compression is especially useful when …

Mitochondrial Dna Sequence Divergence Among Meloidogyne Incognita, Romanomermis Culicivorax, Ascaris Suum, And Caenorhabditis Elegans, Thomas O. Powers, T. S. Harris, B. C. Hyman

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Mitochondrial DNA sequences were obtained from the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 (ND3), large rRNA, and cytochrome b genes from Meloidogyne incognita and Romanomermis culicivorax. Both species show considerable genetic distance within these same genes when compared with Caenorhabditis elegans or Ascaris suum, two species previously analyzed. Caenorhabditis, Ascaris, and Meloidogyne were selected as representatives of three subclasses in the nematode class Secernentea: Rhabditia, Spiruria, and Diplogasteria, respectively. Romanomermis served as a representative outgroup of the class Adenophorea. The divergence between the phytoparasitic lineage (represented by Meloidogyne) and the three other species is so great that virtually …

Breeding Systems In Spiranthes Magnicamporum Sheviak, Christopher D. Loyet

Masters Theses

A study of the ecology, breeding systems, and pollinators of Spiranthes magnicamporum Sheviak was undertaken in fall 1992. An initial survey of three glacial drift hill prairies revealed sexual activity in this species via removed pollinia. Two hill prairie populations were used for pollination study. In each population, five individuals were randomly selected and crossed using autogamic, geitonogamic, and xenogamic methods. In addition, ten individuals were fitted with pollinator-exclusion bags. After capsule formation, all plants were harvested. They were examined in the lab for general morphology, the presence or absence of embryo formation, and the prescence of sexual or asexual …

Future Developments In Artificial Insemination Technology, Murray R. Bakst

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The development of artificial insemination (AI) technology over the past decade has resulted in some significant advances in poultry breeding.  However, because there are few poultry scientists performing fundamental research to advance AI technology, alternative approaches must be examined in an effort to expand AI technology.  This paper suggests that the technology available for cell and tissue culture propagation should be evaluated and the applicability of this technology to poultry AI technology assessed.  Instrumentation and clinical testing procedures used for the evaluation of somatic cells in culture could provide objective data before and after semen storage on large numbers of …

Woody Vegetation Of A Disjunct Bur Oak (Quercus Macrocarpa) Forest In East-Central Nebraska, Debra Ann Beightol, Thomas B. Bragg

Biology Faculty Publications

Woody plant composition was assessed for three tree-size classes in two ravines of Oak Glen Wildlife Management Area, a disjunct oak forest in Seward County, Nebraska, using Importance Values (IV) obtained by the Point-Quarter method. Bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.) dominated the large-size class (>30 cm dbh) (IV = 258) but elms (Ulmus americana L. and U. rubra Muhl.) (IV = 130) dominated the forest in one ravine in the medium-size class (10-30cm dbh) and elm and hackberry (Celtis occidentalis L.) (IV = 114 and 27 respectively) dominated the small-size class (

Review Of American Wildflower Florilegium By Jean Andrews, David M. Sutherland

Biology Faculty Publications

This book is a collection of 50 watercolor paintings of American wildflowers ("florilegium" means, literally, "a gathering of flowers"). Accompanying each full-page painting is a summary of general information about the plant, including notes about its botanical classification, the etymology of its name, life history, distribution, description, flowering period, pollination, and propagation.

Floristic Diversity In Ten Tallgrass Prairie Remnants Of Eastern Nebraska, Judith F. Boettcher, Thomas B. Bragg, David M. Sutherland

Biology Faculty Publications

Ten eastern Nebraska tallgrass prairie remnants, varying in size from one to 18 ha, were studied or visited during the growing seasons from 1979 to 1993. A total of217 prairie plant species were recorded. Big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii), little bluestem (Andropogon scoparius), smooth brome (Bromus inermis subsp. inermis), New Jersey tea (Ceanothus herbaceus var. pubescens), false sunflower (Heliopsis helianthoides var. scabra), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis), and porcupine-grass (Stipa spartea) were prevalent in all the prairies although the specific floristic composition has been reported to vary depending on past management, topography, season of evaluation, and prairie size. Of the total species …

Developmental Morphology Of Tropical Sorghum And Sorghum X Sudangrass, R. B. Mitchell, K. J. Moore, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, T. A. Peterson, L. E. Moser, D. D. Redfearn

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Tropical sorghum and sorghum x sudangrass are known to be efficient scavengers of soil nitrogen and are important forage crops in the U.S. Nitrate contamination of groundwater due to disposal of organic wastes and excessive fertilization is a major concern in the Central Great Plains. A common disposal method of municipal wastes is application to fallow cropland. Quantification of the developmental morphology of tropical sorghum and sorghum x sudangrass is important to developing management strategies that allow multiple applications of organic wastes to optimize nitrogen removal and dry matter production. The objective of this study was to quantify the developmental …

Genetic Manipulation Of Tall Fescue, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, D. A. Sleper

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Genetic manipulation of tall fescue (Festuca arnndinacea Schreb.) has not been altered by the discovery of the Acremonium coenophialum (Morgan-Jones and Gams) / grass interaction. However, tall fescue breeding programs have been affected greatly. The basic methods for genetically manipulating the grass have remained static. Tall fescue is an obligate out-crossing species, and most improvements are, therefore, captured in the form of an improved population developed through some form of mass or recurrent selection. What has changed is the breeder's ability to recognize genetic differences in the grass because of the confounding effect of A. coenophialum on plant phenotype. It …

Comparison Of Sorghum And Indiangrass Chloroplast Genomes Using Rflps, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, R. D. Lee, D. J. Lee, K. P. Vogel

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) and indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash) appear closely related based on morphological and chemotaxonomic characters. Each species could potentially provide desirable traits to the other. However, traditional breeding techniques have been unsuccessful in hybridizing these two species. The objective of this study was to determine the relatedness of sorghum and indiangrass chloroplast DNA using RFLPs. Eleven sorghum lines in several cytoplasms, two indiangrass popu1ations, and a corn line were studied using 60 proberestriction enzyme combinations. Principal component analysis of the results showed sorghum to be as closely related to corn as to indiangrass, with no …

Stress Induced Protein Changes In Tall Fescue, R. L.G. Long, Lance T. Adams, J. D. Corely, Alvan A. Karlin, B. L. Parsons, Maurice G. Kleve, J. Henle

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), the most important pasture grass in Arkansas, exhibits different agricultural properties when it is infected by its mutualistic endophyte Acremonium coenophialum Morgan-Jones and Gams. We postulate that the presence of endophyte exerts a stress on the host that enhances or detracts from the host's ability to express specific genes. We tested this hypothesis by heat stressing infected and non-infected, juvenile and mature tall fescue, and examining their protein profiles by SDS-PAGE analysis. The results indicate that mature, infected, stressed grass produced greater amounts of Rubisco (ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase) than all other treatments. Additionally, the mature, …

Role Of Endophytes In Tall Fescue, E. L. Piper, C. P. West

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) is the most commonly grown cool season grass used for pastures in Arkansas. Most tall fescue contains a fungal endophyte (Acremonium coenophialum Morgan-Jones & Gams), which causes fescue toxicosis in livestock and costs cattle producers millions of dollars annually in lost production. Endophyte presence is known to reduce wild mammal populations in areas where tall fescue is prevalent. The endophyte spends its entire life cycle within the plant and is transmitted through the seed. The association is mutualistic with the plant providing nutrients for the endophyte and the endophyte conferring drought, insect, and nematode resistance …

Additional Occurrences Of The Bog Clubmosses In Southern Arkansas, James R. Bray, Daniel L. Marsh

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Bulletin 4274 - Tree Planting On The High Rainfall Coastal Plain, Don Bennett, Richard George

Bulletins 4000 -

Careful planning can mean the difference between the success or failure of a tree planting program . Healthy , well-e stablished trees stand a better chance of survival, grow faster and are more resistant to insect attack. The need for time-consuming watering in summer is also eliminated.

The high rainfall coastal plain extends from Perth to Busselton and inland to the Darling Scarp. It receives about 800 to 1000 mm annual rainfall.

Site preparation is ideally started in summer. For a winter planting, decide before March where to plant, which varieties and how many trees to plant. Early planning allows …

Bulletin No 4247 - Introduction To Commercial Mushroom Growing, Margaret Graham

Bulletins 4000 -

No abstract provided.

The Use Of Tissue Culture For The Improvement Of Salt Tolerance In Atriplex Spp, Danielle L. Eyre

Theses : Honours

Soil salinity is widespread throughout the world, and human activity is responsible for increases in the area of land affected by salt. Replanting saline areas using salt-tolerant, or halophytic, species is one method of reclaiming this land. This project investigated the possibility of using in vitro methods to select for increased salt tolerance in halophytic plants. By establishing clonal lines of halophytes in culture and screening those clones for cells exhibiting variation in their capacity to tolerate salt, it may be possible to regenerate plants with elevated salt tolerance. Clonal lines of six species of A triplex (saltbushes) were obtained. …

Seasonal Relationships Between Phytoplankton Composition, Abundance, And Primary Productivity In Three Tidal Rivers Of The Lower Chesapeake Bay, Harold G. Marshall, Kneeland K. Nesius

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The seasonal abundance and successional patterns of phytoplankton, including autotrophic picoplankton, are compared to spring, summer, and fall primary production maxima that occurred in three tidal rivers. The tidal freshwaters were dominated by diatoms, chlorophytes, and cyanobacteria during a late spring through early fall period of maximum growth. In contrast, downstream assemblages were dominated by estuarine diatoms, dinoflagellates, and cryptomonads which developed spring pulses and a protracted summer-fall maximum. Autotrophic picoplankton produced a major summer pulse at all river stations with reduced abundance during other seasons. The mean annual productivity rates for the tidal James, Rappahannock, and York rivers were …