Digital Commons Network^™

Defining Arealistic Control For The Chloroform Fumigation-Incubation Method Using Microscopiccounting And 14c-Substrates, William R. Horwath, Eldor A. Paul, David Harris, Jeanette M. Norton, Leslie Jagger, Kenneth A. Horton

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

Chloroform fumigation-incubation (CFI) has made possible the extensive characterization of soil microbial biomass carbon (C) (MBC). Defining the non-microbial C mineralized in soils following fumigation remains the major limitation of CFI. The mineralization of non-microbial C during CFI was examined by adding ¹⁴C-maize to soil before incubation. The decomposition of the ¹⁴C-maize during a 10-d incubation after fumigation was 22.5% that in non-fumigated control soils. Re-inoculation of the fumigated soil raised ¹⁴C-maize decomposition to 77% that of the unfumigated control. A method was developed which varies the proportion of mineralized C from the unfumigated soil …

The Vascular Flora Of The Lula Lake Land Trust, R. David Sapp

Honors Theses

The present study at the Lula Lake Land Trust centered on making a detailed and comprehensive list of the vascular flora contained within its boundaries. The collection of specimens began in May 1995 and extended through July 1996, for a total of fourteen months. The field work resulted in 412 specimens, comprising 79 families, 178 genera, and 252 species. The Lula Lake Land Trust is a non-profit, privately owned entity dedicated to the conservation and preservation of the Lula Lake area. It is in an alliance with The Nature Conservancy of Georgia, the Tennessee Aquarium, and the University of Tennessee …

Promoters From Chlorellavirus Genes Providing Expression Of Genes In Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Hosts, Amitava Mitra, James L. Van Etten

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The invention is directed to novel promoters or mutants thereof from Chlorella virus DNA methyltransferase genes. A Chlorella virus gene promoter is operably linked to a first and/or second DNA sequence encoding a gene that is different from the Chlorella virus gene to form an expression cassette. An expression cassette can be introduced into prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic cells and can provide for a high level of expression of the gene encoded by the first and/or second DNA sequence. The invention also provides a method for screening other Chlorella virus genes for promoters that can function to express a heterologous gene …

Center For Grassland Studies Newsletter, Fall 1996, Volume 2, No. 4

Center for Grassland Studies: Newsletters

Contents:

Grasslands, Horses, and Tractors by Ken Vogel

Grazing Evaluation of Cool-season Grasses in the Nebraska Sandhills in Replicated Ranch Trials by Dennis Bauer, Extension Educator, UNL

Grazingland Words to Know by Bruce Anderson, Department of Agronomy, UNL and Terry Gompert, Extension Educator, UNL

Value of Wetlands

CGS Seminars Available on Video

International Grassland Congress

Advisory Council Meets In Lincoln

Golf and the Environment

EPA 1997 Science Research Grants

CGS Display Available

Nebline, October 1996

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Remember safety during harvest
Fall clean up in the orchard
Over the garden fence
Caring for fuchsia
Fall lawn care
October garden hints
The Herb Garden
Set harvest equipment to reduce damage
Center for Grassland Studies offers seminar series
Precision Decisions '96
"Part-time Farming" video
Termite Control Workshop for Homeowners
Garden residue aids wildlife
"Pest-proof" checklist
Yikes! Jumpin' Jiminy Crickets
How did that get in here?
Protect home from outside cold
Environment-conscious shopping can save money
The coolest way to SQUASH an aluminum soda pop can
Make a ground bird feeder
Worried about youth?
Bone health affected by diet
Family …

A Cytoplasmic Male Sterility-Associated Mitochondrial Protein Causes Pollen Disruption In Transgenic Tobacco, Shichuan He, Andre R. Abad, Stanton B. Gelvin, Sally Ann Mackenzie

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

In higher plants, dominant mitochondrial mutations are associated with pollen sterility. This phenomenon is known as cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS). It is thought that the disruption in pollen development is a consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction. To provide definitive evidence that expression of an abnormal mitochondrial gene can interrupt pollen development, a CMS-associated mitochondrial DNA sequence from common bean, orf239, was introduced into the tobacco nuclear genome. Several transformants containing the orf239M gene constructs, with or without a mitochondrial targeting sequence, exhibited a semisterile or male-sterile phenotype. Expression of the gene fusions in transformed anthers was confirmed using RNA gel …

Expression And Characterization Of An Rna Capping Enzyme Encoded By Chlorella Virus Pbcv-1, C. Kiong Ho, James L. Van Etten, Stewart Shuman

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

We report that the A103R protein of Chlorella virus PBCV-1 is an mRNA capping enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of GMP from GTP to the 5’ diphosphate end of RNA. This is a two-step reaction in which the enzyme first condenses with GTP to form a covalent enzyme-GMP intermediate and then transfers the GMP to an RNA acceptor to form a GpppN cap. Purified recombinant A103R is a 38-kDa monomer that lacks RNA (guanine-7-) methyltransferase activity. With respect to its size, amino acid sequence, and biochemical properties, A103R is more closely related to the yeast RNA guanylyltransferases than it is …

Proceedings Of The International Conference On Genetic Improvement Of Sorghum And Pearl Millet, Darrell Rosenow, Gary Peterson, John Mullet, Henry Nguyen, Gebisa Ejeta, John Axtell, David Andrews, Jeff Dahlberg, A. Bruce Maunder, Kay Porter, Mike Gilbert, John Witcombe, John Stenhouse, C. Tom Hash, Kanayo Nwanze, Sam Mukuru, Anand Kumar, Francisco Gomez, Aboubacar Toure, Ouendeba Botorou

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

In 1971, an international symposium, "Sorghum in the Seventies", organized by the All India Coordinated Sorghum Improvement Project with support from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research and the Rockefeller Foundation was held in Hyderabad, India. The symposium reviewed the current knowledge base of the scientific, production and nutritional aspects of sorghum as a crop and as a human food. In 1981, ICRISAT, INTSORMIL, and the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) sponsored "Sorghum in the Eighties", an international symposium at ICRISAT Center in India, to review the achievements accomplished in sorghum research during the preceding 10 years. They reviewed …

Nebline, September 1996

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Horticulture

Rural $ense

Family Living

4-H & Youth

Environmental Focus

Community & Leadership Development

Extension Calendar

Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP)

Nebraska Association for Family and Community Education News

and other extension news and events

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 28, No. 3. September 1996

The Prairie Naturalist

REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS OF GRASSHOPPER SPARROWS IN RELATION TO EDGE ▪ J. M Delisle, and J. A. Savidge

OBSERVATIONS ON BATS AT BADLANDS NATIONAL PARK, SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ M A. Bogan, J. G. Osborne, and J. A. Clarke

DIETS OF FEMALE WHITE-TAILED DEER IN THE CROSS-TIMBERS REGION ▪ F. C. Bryant, G. Van Vreede, T. J. Deliberto, and K. L. Gee

NOTES

Second Record of White Ibis in North Dakota ▪ J. W. Marlow, L. D. Igl, and M. R. Hartman

A Recent Record of Mountain Lion in Nebraska ▪ H. H. Genoways and P. W. Freeman

Prairie Falcon Predation on …

Taking Root, W. John Hayden

Biology Faculty Publications

The brief description of mangrove reproduction in John N. Cole's "Off Key, Out of Reach" [A Sense of Place, July-August] contains an error.

Arkansas Rice Research Studies 1995, R. J. Norman, B. R. Wells

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The research reports in this publication represent one year of results; therefore, these results should not be used as a basis for long-term recommendations. Several research reports in this publication dealing with soil fertility also appear in Arkansas Soil Fertility Studies 1995 , Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series 450. This duplication is the result of the overlap in research coverage between the two series and our effort to inform Arkansas rice producers of all the research being conducted with funds from the rice check-off. Use of products and trade names in any of the research reports of this publication …

Nebline, July 1996

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Horticulture

Rural $ense

Family Living

4-H & Youth

Environmental Focus

Community & Leadership Development

Extension Calendar

Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP)

Nebraska Association for Family and Community Education News

and other extension news and events

Center For Grassland Studies Newsletter, Summer 1996, Volume 2, No. 3

Center for Grassland Studies: Newsletters

Contents:

Matching the Cow with Forage Resources by Don Adams, Richard Clark, Terry Klopfenstein, and Jerry Volesky

Grassland Biodiversity, Large Grazers and Fire by Al Steuter, The Nature Conservancy

American Forage and Grassland Council Conference by Lowell Moser, Department of Agronomy, UNL

CGS Citizens Advisory Council Holds Third Meeting In Western Nebraska

Grazing Lands Conservation Initiative Exploratory Meeting

Windbreaks: An Important Component In A Plasticulture System, Laurie Hodges, James R. Brandle

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Windbreaks reduce wind speed and modify the microclimate in sheltered areas. Many producers use wind barriers in their production systems, but few producers recognize all of the benefits available or understand the principles involved in windbreak function and design. Wind has direct and indirect effects on plant growth and development. Direct effects include soil abrasion, increased transpiration, and lodging. Indirect effects are based on changes in the crop microclimate, which influence plant growth and yield. Windbreaks increase soil and air temperatures and can extend the growing season in sheltered areas, resulting in increased crop development, earlier crop maturity, and market …

Iron Uptake By Symbiosomes From Soybean Root Nodules., Kristin Levier, David A. Day, Mary Lou Guerinot

Dartmouth Scholarship

To identify possible iron sources for bacteroids in planta, soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) symbiosomes (consisting of the bacteroid-containing peribacteroid space enclosed by the peribacteroid membrane [PBM]) and bacteroids were assayed for the ability to transport iron supplied as various ferric [Fe(III)]-chelates. Iron presented as a number of Fe(III)-chelates was transported at much higher rates across the PBM than across the bacteroid membranes, suggesting the presence of an iron storage pool in the peribacteroid space. Pulse-chase experiments confirmed the presence of such an iron storage pool. Because the PBM is derived from the plant plasma membrane, we reasoned that it …

The Real Cost Of Beef: A Monetary Assessment Of The Environmental Degradation Caused By Beef Production, Carolyn Babcock

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The environmental degradation caused by beef production is severe. The current literature assesses the ecological damage, but falls short of assigning a per pound dollar amount to reflect the real cost of beef. In the United States, most of the environmental focus has been centered around the use of public lands for grazing and the grazing fee the government considers appropriate. The fee covers the maintenance of the grazing program, which includes maintenance of the actual land. This paper will concentrate on beef-related environmental degradation and select specific damage for monetary valuation.

The Method Of Radicle Emergence In Phytolacca Americana (Pokeweed), Staci A. Van Winkle

Honors Theses

Germination is a key element in the development of a plant. This process encompasses several stages, one of which is the elongation of the radicle tip. This process has been noted to occur by different methods such as rapid mitotic division or cell elongation. However, such a mechcmism has not been studied in Phytolacca americana (pokeweed). It was the intention of this study to observe at the cellular level the nature of the Phytolacca americana radicle during normal germination. This was done using a routine histological microtechnique which involves embedding in paraffin and sectioning with a microtome. The sections were …

Issues Concerning The Eradication Or Establishment And Biological Control Of The Mediterranean Fruit Fly, Ceratitis Capitata(Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), In California, David H. Headrick, Richard D. Goeden

Horticulture and Crop Science

Classical biological control is suggested as a tool worth developing now for possible future use in the integrated pest management of the Mediterranean fruit fly (Medfly), Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), in California. Three factors that impact broadly on developing and implementing such a biological control program are: (1) the question of Medfly establishment, (2) quarantine considerations, and (3) agricultural and urban concerns. Each of these factors and their combined effects must be considered when discussing biological control of Medfly in California as shaped by historical perspectives on Medfly invasions, methods of Medfly eradication, and past biological control efforts against Medfly. We …

Wildlife As Natural Enemies Of Crop Pests, Ron J. Johnson, James R. Brandle, Natalie Sunderman, Rebecca Fitzmaurice, Nancy A. Beecher, Ronald M. Case, Mary Dix, Linda J. Young, Mark O. Harrell, Robert J. Wright, Laurie Hodges

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

One asset of wildlife to landowners is the potential but understudied role of birds and other species as endemic natural enemies of crop pests. Enhancing such natural enemies as part of sustainable agricultural systems offers promise for maintaining agricultural competitiveness while providing wildlife habitat in intensively farmed areas. The University of Nebraska has established an agroforestry research team to address interdisciplinary questions and outreach associated with this topic. Included are studies of bird, mammal, and insect use of woody and herbaceous corridors and adjacent cropfields in east-central Nebraska. Uncultivated areas needed to sustain natural enemies of crop pests also provide …

Nebline, June 1996

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Plugging abandoned wells can save lives and groundwater
1996 Pesticide Container Recycling Program begins in June
The garden fence
A mulch for all seasons
Squelch squash vine borers
Growing indoor trees
Think about apple maggot control now
The Herb Garden
Tips on harvesting lettuce
Be prepared for drought
Weed resistance... going the distance
Rooting out pasture weeds
Wiping out woody weeds
Steps to calibrate your spray equipment
Preventing problems when grazing alfalfa
Horace the Hippo says...
Woodlands make poor pastures
Yard and garden water management
Urban walnut trees--are they valuable?
Protect your family from carbon monoxide
Bat Bites
Lincoln-Lancaster County …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 28, No. 2. June 1996

The Prairie Naturalist

RAPTOR NESTING CHRONOLOGY IN NORTHWESTERN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ R. K. Murphy, and J. T. Ensign

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS FOR NORTH DAKOTA -1995 ▪ R. N. Randall

YELLOW PERCH SPAWNING HABITATS IN PICKEREL LAKE, SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ S. J. Fisher, K. L Pope, L. J. Templeton, and D. W. Willis

ECOLOGY OF BOTRYCHIUM CAMPESTRE ON NORTHEASTERN lOWA GLADES ▪ J. C. Nekola, and D. W. Schlicht

REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF PURPLE CONEFLOWER IN SOUTHWESTERN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ H. K. Leuszler, V J. Tepedino, and D. G. Alston

BOOK REVIEWS

A Unique Group of Birds ▪ J. H. Schulz

Forest Ecology ▪ S. …

Twig, Branch, And Stem Diseases Of Pine, John R. Hartman

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

Tip Blight

Tip blight, caused by the fungus Sphaeropsis sapinea (formerly Diplodia pinea), is a serious disease of mature Austrian, Scots (Scotch), and Mugo pines in Kentucky. In the landscape, tip blight is normally not observed until pines reach about 12 years old and begin to bear cones. Severe infections year after year can greatly weaken and eventually kill affected pines.

Formulation Enhanced Transport Of A Soil Applied Herbicide, V. P. Evangelou, Louis M. Mcdonald, Sandra Prima

KWRRI Research Reports

Because pesticides are applied as formulated particles and the affinity of the active ingredient for the formulation is higher than for the bulk water, we hypothesized that a formulation complex could affect active ingredient transport. Our objectives were to investigate the nature and extent of surfactant-atrazine-clay/oxide surface interactions. When atrazine and an anionic surfactant were dried onto plain or Fe-coated sand and leached, atrazine concentrations in the initial leachate were lower in the Fe-coated sand treatment. This was likely due to an electrostatic attraction between the sand and surfactant. When a nonionic surfactant was used, atrazine concentration in the initial …

Isolation From Soil Microorganisms That Are Inhibitory To Wheat Seeding Pathogens, Kynita Wilson-Humphrey

McCabe Thesis Collection

Many diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi are responsible for the ruin of a great number of crops annually. At present, many of these crops are being treated for diseases by synthetic or man-made chemicals. Some of the chemicals have been proved to have adverse effects on the environment, including humans and animals. Very few non-chemical means are available to farmers at this time to control these pathogens. This is due to the fact that many of the means of control have little effect against the pathogens or diseases. This research attempts to isolate microorganisms from the soil which …

Nebline, May 1996

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

earth wellness festival--making a difference!
Volunteers keep Extension going and growing
Viburnums in the landscape
The Garden Fence
A lush landscape of lovely lilacs
What to do after the bloom
Annual vines in the landscape
The Herb Garden
Crop Management and Diagnostic Clinics crop up at ARDC in July!
Field Crop Scout Training at ARDC
Using herbicides to control weeds in spring-planted alfalfa
Alfalfa weevil alert!
Have equipment ready for planting season
Should greenbugs be a part of your 1996 crop management plan?
earth wellness festival is science at its best!
Drinking water week - May 5-11, 1996
Blue Thumb …

A Novel Iron-Regulated Metal Transporter From Plants Identified By Functional Expression In Yeast., David Eide, Margaret Broderius, Jeanette Fett, Mary Lou Guerinot

Dartmouth Scholarship

Iron is an essential nutrient for virtually all organisms. The IRT1 (iron-regulated transporter) gene of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana, encoding a probable Fe(II) transporter, was cloned by functional expression in a yeast strain defective for iron uptake. Yeast expressing IRT1 possess a novel Fe(II) uptake activity that is strongly inhibited by Cd. IRT1 is predicted to be an integral membrane protein with a metal-binding domain. Data base comparisons and Southern blot analysis indicated that IRT1 is a member of a gene family in Arabidopsis. Related sequences were also found in the genomes of rice, yeast, nematodes, and humans. In Arabidopsis, …

The Effects Of Osmotic Potential On Ammonification, Immobilization, Nitrous Oxide Production, And Nitrification Rates In Penoyer Soil, Andrew P. Low

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An isotopic dilution method was used to test the effects of osmotic potential, (𝛹_s), upon nitrification, ammonification, N-immobilization, and nitrous oxide production rates in soil at solute concentrations encountered in Penoyer soil. A nitrification potential assay was also performed to approximate maximum nitrification rates.

Nitrification potential rates in soil slurries exponentially declined in response to decreased osmotic potential. However, nitrification was independent of salt concentration at the ambient NH₄⁺ concentrations of the soil. The differential response was attributed to the variable NH_4⁺ substrate quantities. The effects of osmotic potential were secondary to NH_{4 …}

The Effect Of Salinity Level Upon The Yield, Root Growth, And Water Extraction Of Contrasting Rooting Subpopulations Of Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa) Under Conditions Of Zero Leaching, Laura A. Vincent

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A major problem in irrigated agriculture in the Western U.S. is the gradual accumulation of salinity in the plant root zone. These nonuniformly saline soils contain increasing amounts of salinity with depth, and salt accumulation is accelerated in situations where leaching is minimized. Root growth and thus plant yield is limited in these soils due to decreased water uptake. We studied the root growth of two subpopulations of alfalfa differing in their ability to produce fibrous roots to determine if altering root morphology would increase plant yield and water extraction, in an irrigated saline soil.

Soil profiles for a control …

Superoptimal Co2 Reduces Seed Yield In Wheat, Timothy P. Grotenhuis

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Although projected terrestrial CO₂ levels will not reach 1000 μmol moI^-1 (0.1%) for many decades, CO₂ levels in growth chambers and greenhouses routinely exceed that concentration. CO₂ levels in life support systems in space can exceed 10,000 μmol moI^-1 (1%) CO₂. Numerous studies have examined CO₂ effects up to 1000 μmol mol^-1, but theoretical and some experimental evidence indicates that the beneficial effects of CO₂ continue past 1000 μmol mol^-1 and are near-optimal for wheat at about 1200 μmol mol^-1.

We studied the effects of near-optimal …