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Nebline, July 1997

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Home*A*Syst: Helping you assess environmental risks in and around your home
Watch for squash vine borer
Summer patch of turfgrass
Storing extra seeds
Mower wounds can kill trees
Replant iris
Harvesting
Recycle your pesticide containers at the Lancaster County Fair!
Chigger alert! Don’t ruin your recreational outing
Master Beekeeping/Queen Rearing Workshops
The nonstop dropper
Water patrol checklist
Have you ever seen dead flies clinging to the top of vegetation?
UNL to conduct hands-on Diagnostic Clinics in July
Wheel traffic reduces alfalfa yield
Dealing with summer pasture shortages
Planning tips for noxious weed control in CRP contracts
Staying safe on the …

Characteristics Of Beet Soilborne Mosaic Virus, A Furo-Like Virus Infecting Sugar Beet, G.B. Heidel, C.M. Rush, T.L. Kendall, S.A. Lommel, Roy C. French

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Beet soilborne mosaic virus (BSBMV) is a rigid rod-shaped virus transmitted by Polymyxa betae. Particles were 19 nm wide and ranged from 50 to over 400 nm, but no consistent modal lengths could be determined. Nucleic acids extracted from virions were polyadenylated and typically separated into three or four discrete bands of variable size by agarose-formaldehyde gel electrophoresis. RNA 1 and 2, the largest of the RNAs, consistently averaged 6.7 and 4.6 kb, respectively. The sizes and number of smaller RNA species were variable. The molecular mass of the capsid protein of BSBMV was estimated to be 22.5 kDa. …

Epigenetic Silencing Of A Foreign Gene In Nuclear Transformants Of Chlamydomonas, Heriberto D. Cerutti, Anita M. Johnson, Nicholas W. Gillham, John E. Boynton

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

The unstable expression of introduced genes poses a serious problem for the application of transgenic technology in plants. In transformants of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, expression of a eubacterial aadA gene, conferring spectinomycin resistance, is transcriptionally suppressed by a reversible epigenetic mechanism(s). Variations in the size and frequency of colonies surviving on different concentrations of spectinomycin as well as the levels of transcriptional activity of the introduced transgene(s) suggest the existence of intermediate expression states in genetically identical cells. Gene silencing does not correlate with methylation of the integrated DNA and does not involve large alterations in its …

Proceedings Of The Global Conference On Ergot Of Sorghum, Carlos R. Casela, Jeffery A. Dahlberg

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

In June 1996, several of us had the opportunity to see sorghum ergot in Brazil and the damage that the disease can do. We saw severe damage in seed production plots and witnessed the pain that seed producers had to go through to deal with this new problem. There was a wide spread scare in the sorghum community in the Americas because of the infamous reputation of the disease in causing damage in seed production fields. As a silver lining, we also observed first hand, the excellent research program that the Brazilians had in place. It became apparent that all …

A Daylily Affair, James R. Brennan

Bridgewater Review

No abstract provided.

The Aspergillus Nidulans Sepa Gene Encodes An Fh1/2 Protein Involved In Cytokinesis And The Maintenance Of Cellular Polarity, Steven D. Harris, Lisbeth Hamer, Kathryn E. Sharpless, John E. Hamer

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Cytokinesis (septation) in the fungus Aspergillus nidulans occurs through the formation of a transient actin ring at the incipient division site. Temperature-sensitive mutations in the sepA gene prevent septation and cause defects in the maintenance of cellular polarity, without affecting growth and nuclear division. The sepA gene encodes a member of the growing family of FH1/2 proteins, which appear to have roles in morphogenesis and cytokinesis in organisms such as yeast and Drosophila Results from temperature shift and immunofluorescence microscopy experiments strongly suggest that sepA function requires a preceding mitosis and that sepA acts prior to actin ring formation. Deletion …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 29, No.2. June 1997

The Prairie Naturalist

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS FOR NORTH DAKOTA - 1996 ▪ . R. N. Randall

BREEDING BIRD RICHNESS IN THE PRAIRIE POTHOLE REGION OF MINNESOTA ▪ . S. L. Niesar and D. E. Hubbard

UNUSUAL MIGRATION BY A WHITE-TAILED DEER FAWN IN SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ C. S. DePerno, S. L. Griffin, J. A. Jenks, and L. A. Rice

COYOTE FOOD HABITS AT DESOTO NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE, NEBRASKA ▪ J. J. Huebschman, S. E. Hygnstrom, and J. A. Gubanyi

WHITE BASS GROWTH IN SOUTH DAKOTA WATERS ▪ D. W. Willis, H. D. Beck, C. A. Soupir, B. A. Johnson, G. D. Simpson, and …

United States Patent, Number: 5,633,447: Plant Tissue Comprising A Subgenomic Promoter, Paul G. Ahlquist, Roy C. French

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

A subgenomic promoter of a positive strand RNA virus is disclosed which directs the amplified expression of a structural gene in plant tissue. The core region and an upstream activating domain of the subgenomic promoter are identified. This promoter can be utilized in a modified virus. or in an appropriate engineered recombinant DNA derivative which may be chromosomally integrated or maintained as an episome in transformed cells.

Density, Distribution, And Habitat Of Flammulated Owls In Idaho, Craig Groves, Terry Frederick, Glenn Frederick, Eric Atkinson, Melonie Atkinson, Jay Shepherd, Gregg Servheen

Great Basin Naturalist

From 1990 to 1992 we surveyed for Flammulated Owls (Otus flammeolus) in 3 areas in Idaho: Salmon National Forest (SNF), Payette National Forest and adjacent Hells Canyon National Recreation Area (PNF-HCNRA), and Nez Perce National Forest (NPNF). We also collected and summarized information on all historic and modern records of Flammulated Owls in Idaho. Flammulated Owls were detected on 65% of 68 routes (2–16 km in length) surveyed at densities ranging from 0.04 to 1.25 singing males/40 ha. Owls were detected on survey routes as early as 10 May and as late as 23 July. Mean percent canopy …

Diplostomiasis In Native And Introduced Fishes From Yellowstone Lake, Wyoming, Victor H. Inchausty, Michael Foutz, Richard A. Heckmann, Claudete Ruas, Paulo Ruas

Great Basin Naturalist

Totals of 101 native Yellowstone cutthroat (Oncorhynchus clarki bouvieri), 27 introduced lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush), and 40 introduced longnose sucker (Catostomus catostomus) from Yellowstone Lake, Wyoming, USA, were examined for eye flukes. Metacercariae of the trematode fluke Diplostomum were in vitreous humor and/or lens of 94% of Yellowstone cutthroat trout, 92% of lake trout, and 78% of longnose sucker. Longnose sucker had 7% prevalence of infection in both lens and vitreous humor of metacercariae, while Yellowstone cutthroat trout had 3% and lake trout 8%. Diplostomum spathaceum was in lens tissue of 5% of infected …

Celluloid Blackness : Race, Modernity, And The Conflicted Roots Of American Cinema (1915-1939), Lincoln Farr

Honors Theses

Introduction: "The Problem of the Twentieth Century" In a full page interview in the New York Times on May 29, 1912, the Swiss psychiatrist Dr. Carl G. Jung told the American people, "It seems to me that you are about to discover yourselves. You have discovered everything else-all the land of this continent; all the resources, all the hidden things of nature."Jung used the interview to address the American people, at a moment which he somehow recognized as crucial in the development of human civilization. America, the "tragic" country which he struggled to comprehend, would soon become the harbinger of …

The Effects Of Hydrilla Infestation On Selected Wintering Waterfowl: Santee Copper Lake System, South Carolina, William Davis

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Hydrilla is an exotic aquatic weed that was introduced into Florida in the 1950's. Since that time it has spread rapidly from lake to lake throughout the southeast and beyond. The Santee Cooper lake system in eastern South Carolina was infested with the weed in the early 1980's. Since that time lake managers have sought ways to eliminate the aquatic plant and have succeeded to a great extent through the use of sterile grass carp as a biological control agent. This paper, however, contains evidence to support the view that hydrilla is actually a beneficial habitat for many species on …

Integrating Agroforestry Into Usda Programs: A Task Force Report To The Usda Interagency Working Group On Agroforestry, W. J. Rietveld, James P. Lassoie, Charles A. Francis, William Farris, Catalino Blanche, Bruce Wight

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The task force collected and synthesized infonnation and recommended actions to develop the potential of agroforestry to help attain USDA sustainable development goals.

Review Of Retracing Major Stephen H. Long's Expedition: The Itinerary And Botany By George J. Goodman And Cheryl A. Lawson, Robert B. Kaul

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Earlier expeditions made incidental collections of plants and animals in Louisiana Territory, but the Long Expedition of 1820 was the first deliberately staffed with scientists assigned to that task. Authorized by President Monroe and Secretary of War Calhoun, the Expedition was directed to document plant and animal life and geology in the intimidating country between the Missouri River and the Rocky Mountains and to find the source of the Platte and Red Rivers in the mountains. All this was to be done quickly and, in fact, took only 100 days, June 6-September 13, 1820. Starting near present-day Omaha, the Expedition …

Intraspecific And Diffuse Competition: The Response Of Nassella Pulchra In A California Grassland, Andrew R. Dyer, Kevin J. Rice

Faculty Publications

In inland California grasslands, the high densities of alien annual species have altered the growing environment for native perennial grasses. Using variable-density plots, we measured the influence of intraspecific competition (conspecifics only) and diffuse competition (mixed-composition neighborhoods that include conspecifics) on growth and survival of Nassella pulchra, purple needlegrass. We assessed the effects of intraspecific and diffuse competition in weeded plots and unweeded plots, respectively, across a density gradient of N. pulchra plants (16–356 plants/m2). We used summer fire and spring sheep grazing to reduce diffuse competition in unweeded plots. The potential effect of rooting volume on competitive interactions …

Sfa Gardens Newsletter, May 1997, Sfa Gardens, Stephen F. Austin State University

SFA Gardens Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Identification Of Belowground Woody Structures Using Molecular Biomarkers, Benny R. Bobowski

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Within the last two decades substantial progress has been made in understanding seed bank dynamics and the contribution of the soil seed bank to a post-disturbance plant community. There has been relatively little progress, however, in understanding perennial bud bank dynamics and the contribution of the soil bud bank to secondary succession. This lack of information is due primarily to the inability to reliably identify roots, rhizomes, and lignotubers that lie dormant beneath the soil surface. This scientific investigation, therefore, addressed the issue of identification of belowground woody structures.

The first objective was to develop a methodology that utilizes molecular …

Development Of Super-Dwarf Wheat Under Stress Conditions Simulating Those On The Space Station Mir, Liming Jiang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Super-Dwarf wheat plants were grown in simulation growth chambers under 12 treatments with three photoperiods (18 h, 21 h, 24 h) and four carbon-dioxide levels (360, 1200, 3000, and 7000 μmol/mol). Carbon-dioxide concentrations affected flower initiation rates of Super-Dwarf wheat. The optimum CO₂ level for flower initiation and development was 1200 μmol•mol^-1. Super-optimum CO₂ levels delayed flower initiation, but did not decrease final flower bud number per head. Longer photoperiods not only accelerated flower initiation rates, but also decreased deleterious effects of super-optimum C0². Flower bud size and head length at the same developmental …

Comparison Of Avrd Alleles From Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Glycinea, Lisa Wolfson Keith, Carol Boyd, Noel T. Keen, J. E. Patridge

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Avirulence gene D alleles resided on indigenous plasmids in races 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 of Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea (Psg), but the allele in race 1 appeared to be chromosomal. These were all nonfunctional avirulence genes because they neither induced the avirulence phenotype on Rpg4 soybean cultivars nor directed the production of syringolide elicitors when expressed in Escherichia coli cells. The predicted proteins encoded by the seven Psg avrD genes were very similar to that of a functional class II allele from P. syringae pv. phaseolicola G50 race 2, but contained mutations collectively …

Comparison Of Sampling Methods Used To Estimate Spider (Araneae) Species Abundance And Composition In Grape Vineyards, Michael J. Costello, Kent M. Daane

Horticulture and Crop Science

The effectiveness of 3 methods for sampling spiders in grape vineyards was tested. The sampling methods were as follows: (1) a drop-cloth method in which spiders were dislodged from a 5.1-m2 area of grapevine onto a drop cloth, (2) a funnel method in which spiders were dislodged into a 0.74-m2 funnel, and (3) a D-vac method in which 50 sections of grapevine (30-cm sections, total area of 5.4 m2) were suctioned with a gasoline-powered vacuum. Data from all sampling methods were adjusted for area sampled and compared with an absolute control, in which foliage from an entire vine was removed …

Center For Grassland Studies Newsletter, Spring 1997, Volume 3, No. 2

Center for Grassland Studies: Newsletters

Contents:

Environmental Quality Incentives Program by Dayle Williamson, Nebraska Natural Resources Commission

High Quality Seed: Importance for Grasslands by Roger Hammons, Nebraska Crop Improvement Association

Management Intensive Grazing Basics by Steven Melvin, Extension Educator, UNL

Rangeland Grasshoppers of Nebraska by John B. Campbell and Gary Hein West Central and Panhandle Research & Extension Centers, UNL

Pastured Poultry Organization Formed

Eastern Gamagrass: Forage and A Whole Lot More

Public Input Sought on Grassland and Forest Plans

Nebline, April 1997

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Recognizing volunteers
New faces at Lancaster County Cooperative Extension
Educate yourself before you buy
Over the garden fence
Don't just smell the flowers...prune
All-America rose selection 1997 winners
Healthy transplants for the home garden
1997 Household Hazardous Waste Collections
Control sugar ants with baits: a least toxic alternative
Backyard Stewardship
Termite Control Workshop for Homeowners
Why are woodpeckers beating on my house?
Robins keep banging into my window--why?
Prevent grass tetany
UNL Crop Management Winter Curriculum a success!
Switch to narrow-row corn planting may not pay off
Use anhydrous ammonia safely
Monitor stored grain to prevent spoilage
Seed coatings on …

Chlorella Virus Pbcv-1 Encodes A Homolog Of The Bacteriophage T4 Uv Damage Repair Gene Denv, Masakazu Furuta, John Schrader, Holly Schrader, Tyler Kokjohn, Simon Nyaga, Amanda Mccullough, R. Stephen Lloyd, Dwight Burbank, Dorit Landstein, Leslie C. Lane, James L. Van Etten

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The bacteriophage T4 denV gene encodes a well-characterized DNA repair enzyme involved in pyrimidine photodimer excision. We have discovered the first homologs of the denV gene in chlorella viruses, which are common in fresh water. This gene functions in vivo and also when cloned in Escherichia coli. Photo-damaged virus DNA can also be photoreactivated by the host chlorella. Since the chlorella viruses are continually exposed to solar radiation in their native environments, two separate DNA repair systems, one that functions in the dark and one that functions in the light, significantly enhance their survival.

Revision Of The Cerrado Hemicryptophytic Chamaesyce Of Boissier's "Pleiadeniae" (Euphorbiaceae), Mark P. Simmons, W. John Hayden

Biology Faculty Publications

The species of Chamaesyce classified by Boissier as the "Pleiadeniae'" are revised in light of presently available collections. Six species are accepted and new combinations are proposed for C. nana, C. setosa, C. tamanduana, and C. viscoides. Although these herbaceous perennials of cerrado vegetation of Brazil, northern Argentina, and adjacent countries are distinctive ecologically and geographically, cladistic analysis does not support their recognition as a monophyletic group.

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 29, No.1. March 1997

The Prairie Naturalist

UPDATED DISTRIBUTION OF THE LEAST WEASEL ON THE CENTRAL GREAT PLAINS ▪ S. R. Hoofer and J. R. Choate

ESTIMATING SURVIVAL OF SONG BIRD CARCASSES IN CROPS AND WOODLOTS ▪ G. M. Linz, D. L. Bergman, and W. J. Bleier

SEXUAL ALLOCATION IN Carex stricta, A MONOECIOUS, TUSSOCK-FORMING SEDGE ▪ D. M. Estrella and C. E. Umbanhowar, Jr.

ABUNDANCE OF THIRTEEN-LINED GROUND SQUIRRELS IN SHORTGRASS PRAIRIE ▪ L. C. Higgins and P. Stapp

BATS OF JEWEL CAVE NATIONAL MONUMENT, SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ J. R. Choate and J. M. Anderson

NOTES

Northern Harrier Builds Nest On Top Of Depredated Mallard …

Characterization Of An Atp-Dependent Dna Ligase Encoded By Chlorella Virus Pbcv-1, C. Kiong Ho, James L. Van Etten, Stewart Shuman

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

We report that Chlorella virus PBCV-1 encodes a 298-amino-acid ATP-dependent DNA ligase. The PBCV-1 enzyme is the smallest member of the covalent nucleotidyl transferase superfamily, which includes the ATP-dependent polynucleotide ligases and the GTP-dependent RNA capping enzymes. The specificity of PBCV-1 DNA ligase was investigated by using purified recombinant protein. The enzyme catalyzed efficient strand joining on a singly nicked DNA in the presence of magnesium and ATP (K_m, 75 μM). Other nucleoside triphosphates or deoxynucleoside triphosphates could not substitute for ATP. PBCV-1 ligase was unable to ligate across a 2-nucleotide gap and ligated poorly across a 1-nucleotide …

Manure On Alfalfa: Why, When, And How Much?, Monroe Rasnake

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Manure is an excellent source of nutrients for growing crops. Its' value has been recognized for thousands of years. Before the development of chemical fertilizers, it served as the primary source of nutrients. It has decreased in importance as a nutrient source in this century and in some cases has become a disposal problem. This has led many farmers to consider using it on legume crops such as alfalfa that don't need to have nitrogen added, but will utilize it and other . nutrients in relatively large amounts. The first question to be considered, then, is why apply manure to …

Brushing Pansy (Viola Tricolor L.) Transplants: A Flexible, Effective Method For Controlling Plant Size, Lauren C. Garner, F. A. Langton

Horticulture and Crop Science

Though brushing is an effective method for controlling excessive elongation in many species, its adoption by the commercial plug transplant industry will depend on the ease and flexibility of its application. Brushing was applied to pansy (Viola tricolor L.) seedlings growing at a density of 1500 plants m^-2 by daily stroking with 20/20 gauge netting. In dose response experiments, final petiole length appeared to approach a lower asymptote as number of brush strokes increased, and the number of strokes required to give near full reduction in length increased under environmental conditions favouring extension growth. Ten or 20 daily …

United States Patent , Number: 5,602,242: Hybrid Rna Virus, Paul G. Ahlquist, Roy C. French, Robert F. Sacher

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

A recombinant RNA virus is provided allowing encapsidation of genetically engineered viral sequences in heterologous, preferably rod-shaped coat, protein capsids. Since icosahedral viruses are limited in the amount of RNA they can carry, and rod-shaped viruses are expansible, this invention allows the size of recombinant virus RNA components to be increased (or decreased). Methods of making and using such recombinant viruses are also provided, specifically with respect to the transfection of plants to bring about genotypic and phenotypic changes.

Selection Of Populations Of Puccinia Recondita F. Sp. Tritici For Shortened Latent Period On A Partially Resistant Wheat Cultivar, Jeffery S. Lehman, Gregory Shaner

Biology and Earth Science Faculty Scholarship

Wild-type fungal population 851-WT was selected for shortened latent period on cv. CI 13227 for five uredinial generations to study the adaptation of Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici to partially resistant wheat cultivars. Differences among wild-type and selected populations for traits contributing to parasitic fitness (i.e., latent period, infection frequency, and uredinium area and growth rate) were assessed in monocyclic infection experiments on susceptible cv. Monon and partially resistant cvs. Suwon 85, Sw 72469-6, L-574-1, and CI 13227. Differences were greatest among fungal populations on cv. CI 13227. The mean latent period of selected population 851-C5 was 2 days shorter …