Digital Commons Network^™

Regeneration Ecology Of Chrysopogon Aucheri And Cymbopogon Jwarancusa In Grasslands Of Upland Balochistan, Pakistan, Sarfraz Ahmad

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Field experiments were conducted to investigate the seed attributes, movements and fates of dispersal units, and seedling establishment of Chrysopogon aucheri and Cymbopogon jwarancusa in a representative grassland ecosystem in upland Balochistan, Pakistan.

Cymbopogon jwarancusa had more filled and viable caryopses than Chrysopogon aucheri. Seeds (spikelets) of both species had similar morphological features. Chrysopogon aucheri had one dispersal unit, a triplet spikelet. Cymbopogon jwarancusa had four types of dispersal units: a paired spikelet, a partial raceme, an entire raceme, and a partial inflorescence comprised of two racemes.

Paired spikelets and partial racemes of Cymbopogon jwarancusa had greater …

The Effects Of Rose Bengal Application On The Production Of Salicylic Acid In Nahg Tobacco Plants, Nicole Christine Ott

Honors Theses

Plants have the ability to develop resistance to a wide range of pathogens following exposure to a single bacterium, fungus, or virus. This resistance occurs in all tissues, not only those that were previously infected. This mechanisms is termed systemic acquired resistance (SAR). The phenolic compound salicylic acid (SA) has been linked to SAR in tobacco, arabidopsis, and cucumber plants. Oxidative stress also causes SA production, which leads to SAR. An engineered tobacco plant (nahG) that does not have the ability to accumulate SA has been used as a research tool in investigations concerning SA activity. Rose Bengal …

Leafy Spurge Biological Control Using Black Dot Flea Beetles And Deleterious Rhizobacteria: Final Report Submitted To South Dakota Department Of Agriculture Weed And Pest Control, Sharon A. Clay, Mark A. Brinkman, Robert J. Kramer, Jan J. Jackson, Nels H. Granholm

Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications

Size of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L) roots and their location in the soil profile are important factors relating to survival offirst-instar black dot flea beetle (Aphthona nigriscutis Foudras) larvae. First-instar larvae must find leafy spurge roots between 1 to 4 mm diam in the first 2 days after hatching from eggs for survival. In field studies, we ddermined that most flea beetle larvae reside within 7.6 em ofthe soil surface. Their location in the upper areas ofthe soil profile allows accessibility to desirable size roots, however the larvae are more susceptible to freezing temperatures in this region. Overall, there …

Effects Of Distance To Juniperus Virginiana On The Establishment Of Fraxinus And Acer Seedlings In Old Fields, Scott J. Meiners, David L. Gorchov

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

It has been hypothesized that Juniperus virginiana facilitates tree seedling establishment in secondary succession. To test this hypothesis, we sampled four old fields in southwestern Ohio and monitored experimentally planted seeds and seedlings of Acer saccharum and Fraxinus americana for two years. Seeds and seedlings were placed into herbivore exclosures placed 0.3 and 3.0 m from J virginiana trees in an old field in Ohio. We found a significant positive spatial association between juniperus virginiana and tree seedling densities in all four old fields. Soil temperature, soil moisture, evaporative demand and light level in the 0.3 m treatment were significantly …

Effects Of Distance To Juniperus Virginiana On The Establishment Of Fraxinus And Acer Seedlings In Old Fields, Scott Meiners, David Gorchov

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

It has been hypothesized that Juniperus virginiana facilitates tree seedling establishment in secondary succession. To test this hypothesis, we sampled four old fields in southwestern Ohio and monitored experimentally planted seeds and seedlings of Acer saccharum and Fraxinus americana for two years. Seeds and seedlings were placed into herbivore exclosures placed 0.3 and 3.0 m from J virginiana trees in an old field in Ohio. We found a significant positive spatial association between juniperus virginiana and tree seedling densities in all four old fields. Soil temperature, soil moisture, evaporative demand and light level in the 0.3 m treatment were significantly …

Center For Grassland Studies Newsletter, Spring 1998, Volume 4, No. 2

Center for Grassland Studies: Newsletters

Contents:

Developing Integrated Weed Management Strategies to Improve Leafy Spurge-Infested Grasslands by Robert Masters, USDA-ARS and Department of Agronomy, UNL

Biological Control of Weedy Exotic Thistles and Its Ecological Side Effects in the Sandhills: Testing and Policy Implications (Part 2) by Svata Louda, School of Biological Sciences, UNL

Cows in the Stream: A Sustainable Practice? by Charles Francis, Department of Agronomy, UNL

Prairie Restoration is Theme of CGS Fall Seminar Series

Conference Highlights Nebraska Loess Hills

Nebline, April 1998

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

earth wellness festival makes a splash
1998 All-America Roses
Conserve water with drip irrigation
Easter lily care
Bird gardens are for you
Belly up to the salad bar
1998 Household Hazardous Waste Collections
Label changes affect termite control: Come to a termite workshop April 22
A recyclable car?
Ants and clover mites invade homes in spring
Population boom
Did you know. . .
When you need a pesticide...
Children most susceptible to lead poisoning
Avoiding herbicide drift
Adding legumes to warm-season grasses
Livestock operators face new requirements
Caution urged when using anhydrous ammonia
Choosing the correct glove is important in …

Studies On The Biology Of Striga Aspera (Scrophulariaceae) In Nigeria, Emmanuel Izaka Aigbokhan

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Studies on Striga aspera are few and little information exists on its relationship with the morphologically similar and much studied S. hermonthica. Both species are sympatric in West Africa and if they hybridize, may serve as virulent gene reservoirs for each other.

The primary focus of this study was on the biology of S. aspera in Nigeria. The research focussed on its distribution, phenology, cytology, hybridization, seed dormancy, viability and germination in relation to S. hermonthica. Related studies involving the hybrids include genetic and morphological variability, pathogenicity and the simultaneous dual infection of a maize plant by both species.

In …

Cloning And Developmental Expression Of Pea Ribulose-1,5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase Large Subunit N-Methyltransferase, Robert L. Houtz

Horticulture Faculty Patents

The gene sequence for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) large subunit (LS) εN-methyltransferase (protein methylase III or Rubisco LSMT) is disclosed. This enzyme catalyzes methylation of the ε-amine of lysine-14 in the large subunit of Rubisco. In addition, a full-length cDNA clone for Rubisco LSMT is disclosed. Transgenic plants and methods of producing same which (1) have the Rubisco LSMT gene inserted into the DNA, and (2) have the Rubisco LSMT gene product or the action of the gene product deleted from the DNA are also provided. Further, methods of using the gene to selectively deliver desired agents to a plant are …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 30, No.1 March 1998

The Prairie Naturalist

WATERFOWL FOODS OF CULTIVATED WILD RICE PADDIES IN NORTHWEST MINNESOTA ▪ J. T. Huseby, W. Po Cymbaluk, A. J. Melvie, W. D. Svedarsky, and R. D. Crawford

ICHTHYOFAUNA IN STREAMS OF THE MISSOURI RIVER DRAINAGE, WYOMING ▪ T. M. Patton, W. A. Hubert, and F. J. Rahel

Aphthona nigriscutis LARVAL DENSITIES IN CAMPBELL COUNTY, SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ M. A. Brinkman and S. A. Clay

DIETS OF BISON SOCIAL GROUPS ON TALLGRASS PRAIRIE IN OKLAHOMA ▪ B. R. Coppedge and J. H. Shaw

NUTRIENT AND ENERGETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF GRASSHOPPERS OF DIFFERENT LIFE STAGES ▪ R. J. Robel, C. A. Desjardins, and …

Managing Spring Dead Spot Of Bermudagrass, Paul C. Vincelli, David Williams

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

Spring dead spot is the most destructive disease of bermudagrass in Kentucky. The most serious outbreaks occur under high maintenance conditions; e.g., high nitrogen fertility, low mowing height, and frequent traffic. Moderate to severe outbreaks can occur under low-maintenance conditions as well.

High levels of resistance to spring dead spot in bermudagrass varieties have not yet been demonstrated experimentally. Limited data suggest that those varieties with best winter hardiness are somewhat less susceptible to the disease. To date, no confirmed cases of spring dead spot have been documented in “Quickstand” bermudagrass, which may indicate that this variety will suffer less …

Development Of A Blocking Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay For Detection Of Serum Antibodies To O157 Antigen Of Escherichia Coli, William Laegreid, Mark Hoffman, James Keen, Robert Elder, Jimmy Kwang

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The O157 antigen of Escherichia coli shares structural elements with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigens of other bacterial species, notably Brucella abortus and Yersinia enterocolitica O9, a fact that confounds the interpretation of assays for anti-O157 antibodies. To address this problem, a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (bELISA) was designed with E. coli O157:H7 LPS as the antigen and a monoclonal antibody specific for E. coli O157, designated 13B3, as the competing antibody. The bELISA had equivalent sensitivity to, and significantly higher specificity than, the indirect ELISA (iELISA), detecting anti-O157 antibodies in sera from cattle experimentally inoculated with O157:H7. Only 13% of sera …

Manipulation Of High Spatial Resolution Aircraft Remote Sensing Data For Use In Site-Specific Farming, Gabriel B. Senay, Andrew D. Ward, John G. Lyon, Norman R. Fausey, Sue E. Nokes

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Three spatial data sets consisting of high spatial resolution (1 m) remote sensing images acquired in 12 spectral bands, an on-the-go yield map, and a Digital Elevation Model were co-registered and evaluated for spatial variability studies in a Geographic Information Systems environment. Separate on-the-go yield maps were developed for 3, 5, and 12 statistically significant mean yield classes. For each yield class, the corresponding mean spectral and elevation data were extracted. The relationship between mean spectral and yield data was strongly linear (r = 0.99). Also, a strong linear relationship between mean yield and elevation data (r = 0.92) was …

They're Hoppin' Our Way - Grasshoppers, Dennis Hinkamp

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Nebline, February 1998

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

4-H: What it's all about
Basil for everyone
1998 Perennial Plant
of the Year
Winter care of houseplants
Soap or oil—that is the question
Terrariums
Be A Better Gardener 4-H Youth Program
One starling's a darling, but a flock is not!
What's buzzing? Register for Beginners Beekeeping Workshop
today!
Grab it off the web
Pest management in and around your home: what's your strategy?
Backyard wildlife—tips for success
Volunteers are needed!
For the birds
Extension meetings scheduled
CRP Meeting and Burn School Planned
Farm Leases Seminar
Check out these winter workshops
Oats for pasture, hay and silage
Management key to …

Central Crops And Soils Research Station Highmore, South Dakota: Annual Progress Report, 1997, Agricultural Experiment Station, Plant Science Department

Agricultural Experiment Station and Research Farm Annual Reports

This is the 1997 progress report for the Central Crops and Soils Research Station at Highmore, South Dakota State College. This document represents the research conducted at the Station during the 1997 crop season including: weather data, alfalfa cultivar yield test, wheat breeding, crop performances trials, alfalfa establishment models, fertilizer and soil effects on soybean yields, weed control, no-till corn demonstrations, coybean crop tolerance, rotational crop improvment, recrop after winter wheat, weed control in sorghum, no-till sorgum demonstartion, and an evaluation of woody plant materials.

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna Analysis (Rapd) Of Artemisia Subgenus Tridentatae Species And Hybrids, E. Durant Mcarthur, Joann Mudge, Renée Van Buren, W. Ralph Andersen, Stewart C. Sanderson, David G. Babbel

Great Basin Naturalist

Species of Artemisia (subgenus Tridentatae) dominate much of western North America. The genetic variation that allows this broad ecological adaptation is facilitated by hybridization and polyploidization. Three separate studies were performed in this group using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Fifty-seven 10-mer primers generated nearly 400 markers from genomic DNA obtained from leaf tissue. These studies were (1) a measure of the variability of plants within and between populations and between subspecies using 5 A. tridentata ssp. wyomingensis populations, 2 A. cana ssp. cana populations, and 1 A. cana ssp. viscidula population; (2) an examination of the hypothesis that …

Lindsay M. Black, 1907 To 1997, Myron K. Brakke, D. V. R. Reddy

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Plant pathology and virology lost a pioneer when Lindsay MacLeod Black died on 23 December 1997. We lost a friend and mentor. Black was noted for proving conclusively that a plant virus can multiply in both leafhopper vectors and plants; characterizing unstable, leafhopper-transmitted viruses; and developing insect tissue cultures for studying plant viruses.

Bowen Ratio Estimates Of Evapotranspiration For Stands On The Virgin River In Southern Nevada, Dale A. Devitt, A. Sala, S. D. Smith, J. Cleverly, L. K. Shaulis, R. Hammett

Life Sciences Faculty Research

A Bowen ratio energy balance was conducted over a Tamarix ramosissima (saltcedar) stand growing in a riparian corridor along the Virgin River in southern Nevada. Measurements in two separate years were compared and contrasted on the basis of changes in growing conditions. In 1994, a drought year, record high temperatures, dry winds, and a falling water table caused partial wilt of outer smaller twigs in the canopy of many trees in the stand around the Bowen tower. Subsequently, evapotranspiration (ET) estimates declined dramatically over a 60‐day period (11 mm d−1 tod−1). In 1995, the Virgin River at the Bowen tower …

Management Of Red Squirrel Feeding Damage To Lodgepole Pine By Stand Density Manipulation And Diversionary Food, Thomas P. Sullivan

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 18th (1998)

The red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) feeds on the vascular tissues of sapling lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) during spring periods in forests of interior British Columbia and Alberta, Canada. This damage may lead to mortality and reduced growth of crop trees in managed stands. Manipulation of stand density by pre-commercial thinning to densities < 1,000 stems/ha is an effective method to lower squirrel populations and feeding damage. Lowering stand density enhances the growth of crop trees, and understory herbs and shrubs as wildlife habitat, while protecting trees from squirrel feeding. This approach has been successful in several forest ecological zones. An alternative management tool is provision of diversionary food (sunflower seed) for those stands susceptible to feeding damage, and where stand thinning has already been completed. Diversionary food can be applied aerially and is very cost effective for protecting managed stands. These techniques may be used to maintain or even enhance species diversity of small mammal communities in those forest stands requiring protection.

The Biology Of Nonfrugivorous Tephritid Fruit Flies, David H. Headrick, Richard D. Goeden

Horticulture and Crop Science

This review is the first comprehensive treatment of the biology of nonfrugivorous fruit flies of the family Tephritidae. Feeding habits of destructive and useful species, morphology of immature stages, and hypotheses regarding structural homology and the evolutionary biology of nonfrugivorous tephritids are reviewed, including zoogeography and theories involving resource heterogeneity, guild structure, resource partitioning, resource utilization, facultative niche exploitation, extrinsic and intrinsic factors, host associations, seasonal distribution and phenology, aggregative and circumnatal life history strategies, voltinism, diapause, aestivation, oviposition site, clutch size, and supernumerary oviposition.

Tapeinosperma Alatum (Myrsinaceae): A Remarkable New Species From Ceram, Diane Holland, P.F. Stevens

Biology Department Faculty Works

A new pachycaul species Tapeinosperma alatum D.E. Holland & P.F. Stevens (Myrsinaceae) is described from South Central Ceram. It is characterized by its huge leaves, over 1 m long, and congested, almost Gunnera-like. inflorescence. The distinctive distribution of the Papuasian pachycaul species of Tapeinosperma is briefly compared with that of a number of other unrelated taxa.

Shifting Paradigms In Island Biology, Sherwin Carlquist

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

The ease of travel by jet aircraft has opened up island areas not only for study but also for introduction of weeds, pests, and pathogens. We are at a critical juncture in the study of island organisms, which have become more accessible at the same time that they are vanishing. With the urgency for study of island organisms, we have many new tools, especially molecular ones, which have validated the existence of long-distance dispersal in unexpected ways. These tools, together with the ease of staying for longer periods on islands, have permitted us to understand many aspects of evolutionary adaptation …

Conserving Plants As Evolutionary Entities: Successes And Unanswered Questions From New Zealand And Elsewhere, Ian A. E. Atkinson

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Saving a species from extinction may not insure that its future will continue as before, even when the surviving population is in a wild habitat. Former selection forces may be missing or replaced by others so that the species develops along a different evolutionary pathway. Such disruption of evolutionary direction may be particularly important for island taxa given that modification by humans and their introduced organisms is making many islands more similar to continental habitats. In restoring habitats for island species, special attention should therefore be given to identify ing the major selective forces likely to have been operating during …

Landscape Management Challenges On The California Channel Islands, William L. Halvorson

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Managing for sustained biodiversity and restoration of natural habitat has become increasingly important over the last two decades, first as mitigation for development (especially in wetlands), and , more recently in natural areas. The latter has come about as land managing agencies like the Department of Defense and Bureau of Land Management have seen the need to reverse the impact of past land uses and agencies like the National Park Service and The Nature Conservancy have taken on the responsibility for less-than-pristine lands.

On the California Channel Islands, the need for restoring and managing biodiversity is great, but this restoration …

Plant Conservation In A Changing World, Peter H. Raven

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.

A Floristic Study In The Diamond Creek Drainage Area, Gila National Forest, New Mexico, Eric H. Roalson, Kelly W. Allred

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

The Diamond Creek drainage is one of the major watershed systems of the Gila National Forest in southwestern New Mexico. The purposes of this study were to catalog the vascular plants of a portion of this drainage area, describe the vegetation zones, locate any threatened, endangered, or sensitive plant species, and assess plant regeneration in areas that have been burned. The study area is located in the eastern portion of the Gila National Forest along the Black Range in the northwest corner of Sierra County. It covers approximately 5600 hectares (14000 acres) and ranges in elevation from 2250 to 3000 …

Ecophysiological Observations On Lane Mountain Milkvetch, Astragalus Jaegerianus (Fabaceae), A Proposed Endangered Species Of The Mojave Desert, Arthur C. Gibson, M. Rasoul Sharifi, Philip W. Rundel

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Astragalus jaegerianus, the Lane Mountain milkvetch, a perennial herbaceous legume, is a rare and very narrow endemic of the central Mojave Desert in San Bernardino County, California, and currently proposed to be listed as an endangered species. This herb grows in the protection of low shrubs. Anatomical observations revealed that leaflets are amphistomatic and have isolateral mesophyll, typical of full-sun desert leaves, and the green stem is an important photosynthetic organ, having abundant stomata and a cylinder of cortical chlore nchyma. Ecophysiological studies showed that this species requires high PFD (1400-1500 μmol m^-2s^-1) to achieve …

Phylogeny And Adaptation In The Encelia Alliance (Asteraceae: Helliantheae), Curtis Clark

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

The three related genera Encelia, Enceliopsis, and Geraea comprise the alliance. The first consists primarily of shrubs and the latter two of herbaceous perennials and an annual. With the exception of two Encelia species of arid South America, all inhabit southwestern North America. Enceliopsis and Geraea are sister groups, and together form the sister group to Encelia, which includes two major clades. Especially in Encelia, there are diverse morphologies and a variety of ecological strategies marked by differences in habitat, vestiture, water balance, and photosynthetic parameters. The North American species of all three genera are obligate …

Cheilanthoid Ferns (Pteridaceae: Cheilanthoideae) In The Southwestern United States And Adjacent Mexico-A Molecular Phylogenetic Reassessment Of Generic Lines, Gerald J. Gastony, David R. Rollo

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Cheilanthoids are the most commonly encountered fern species of the arid southwest and other xeric habitats throughout the world. Cheilanthes, Notholaena, Pellaea, and Bommeria are the best known southwestern genera, but some authors recognize segregate genera such as Argyrochosma, Aspidotis, Astrolepis, and Pentagramma. Others reject distinctions among some of these genera as artificial, leaving cheilanthoid generic concepts in a state of flux. This unsettled taxonomy is often attributed to morphological homoplasy associated with adaptation to xeric habitats, suggesting the need for new analyses that do not depend on potentially misleading morphology. Nucleotide sequences …