Digital Commons Network^™

Central Crops And Soils Research Station Highmore, South Dakota: Annual Progress Report, 1998, Agricultural Experiment Station, Plant Science Department

Agricultural Experiment Station and Research Farm Annual Reports

This is the 1998 progress report for the Central Crops and Soils Research Station at Highmore, South Dakota State College. This document represents the research conducted at the Station during the 1998 crop season including: weather data, alafalfa cultivar yield test, wheat breeding, crop performances trials, fertilizer and soil tests effects on wheat yields, weed control research, cheatgrass control no-till demonstrations, and weed control.

Nebline, February 1999

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Remembering the 4-H lock-in
Reflections of Teen Leadership
1999 Perennial Plant of the Year
The garden corner
Using garden catalogs
A spoonful a day keeps the mole away
Mangy squirrels
Misplaced wildlife become problems
Beginning Beekeeping Workshop
Are squirrels using your bird feeders?
Try this trash game!
It’s fun!
Computerized financial record keeping
1999 Integrated Crop Management Winter Programs
Lime and other nutrients key to soil fertility
Reseeding CRP acres
Introduction to precision agriculture
Final private pesticide applicator training session
Fertilizing trees and shrubs
Tractor safety tips (part 2)
Battery maintenance tips
NEP teaches non-English Families Nutrition
Healthy Eating: Bread …

Internal Temperature Of Douglas-Fir Buds Is Altered At Elevated Temperature, Martha E. Apple, Melissa S. Lucash, David M. Olszyk, David T. Tingey, Donald L. Phillips

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas-fir) saplings were grown in sun-lit controlled environment chambers at ambient or elevated (4°C above ambient) temperature. We measured internal temperatures of vegetative buds with thermocouple probes and compared temperatures of normal buds and abnormal buds with loosened, rosetted outer scales in elevated temperature chambers. The abnormal buds had higher and earlier peak daily temperatures than normal buds. Elevated temperature may influence the internal temperature of buds and contribute to the development of abnormal, rosetted buds with loosened outer scales. Abnormal bud development may alter branching patterns and allometry of Douglas-fir trees subjected to climatic change.

A Color Guidebook To Common Rocky Mountain Lichens, Larry L. St. Clair

Books by Faculty of the Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum

This guidebook provides information about common lichens from the northern Rocky Mountains south into the Great Basin, Colorado Plateau, and the Sky Island Mountains of southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico.

Table of Contents

Dedication

Acknowledgments

Introduction

• Lichens as symbiotic systems
• Morphology
• Reproduction
• Physiology and growth
• Secondary chemistry
• Ecology

Lichens as Biomonitors of Air Quality

• Overview
• Lichen sensitivity to air pollutants
• Methods of evaluating air pollution impact on lichens

Lichen Systematics

• Classification of lichens
• Essential tools for identifying lichens
• Collection and curation of lichen specimens
• Dichotomous keys to common Rocky Mountain lichens

Common Rocky Mountain Lichens (Color photographs, descriptive information, …

Intsormil 1999 Annual Report, John M. Yohe, Thomas Crawford Jr., Joan Frederick, Dorothy Stoner

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Presently, worldwide, more than 800 million people do not get enough to eat or have access to a balanced diet to be healthy. At the World Food Summit in 1996, the United States of America (USA) and 185 other countries pledged to reduce the number of malnourished people by one half by 2015. It is shocking that about 33% of preschool children in developing countries will be stunted due to malnutrition by the year 2000. The number of stunted children in Africa alone has increased significantly from 35 million in 1980 to 45 million in 1995 and is predicted to …

Abundance Of Spiders And Insect Predators On Grapes In Central California, Michael J. Costello, Kent M. Daane

Horticulture and Crop Science

We compared the abundance of spiders and predaceous insects in five central California vineyards. Spiders constituted 98.1% of all predators collected. More than 90% of all spiders collected were from eight species of spiders, representing six families. Two theridiids (Theridion dilutum and T. melanurum) were the most abundant, followed by a miturgid (Cheiracanthium inclusum) and an agelinid (Hololena nedra). Predaceous insects comprised 1.6% of all predators collected, and were represented by six genera in five families. Nabis americoferis (Heteroptera, Nabidae) was the most common predaceous insect, with its densities highest late in the growing …

A Medicinal Plant Survey In Marketplaces Of Ecuador, Pamela Bailey

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

A medicinal herb survey was conducted in ten major marketplaces in Andean and coastal communities of Ecuador. Collections were made during the summer of 1997. Four plant collections from each market were pressed, dried, identified, and the medicinal information for each plant was recorded. Photographs of fresh plants, market vendors and the marketplaces were taken.

Fifty three families were represented in the 112 species collected. Forty-two species (37%) were introduced to Ecuador while seventy species (63%) were native to Ecuador. Plant taxa were grouped into 22 categories of medicinal usage. The most common 3 uses were: 1. General tonic and …

Screening Pinus Sylvestris Grown For The Production Of Christmas Trees For Resistance To Western Gall Rust Peridermium Harknessii Using Different Sources Of Aeciospores, Todd A. Burnes, Jennifer Juzwik, Robert A. Blanchette

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Results showed a moderate to high susceptibility of Pinus sylvestris to western gall rust Peridermium harknessii from Pinus sylvestris in Michigan and Pinus banksiana in Minnesota. In general, Pinus sylvestris seed sources were more susceptible to aeciospores collected from Pinus sylvestris than aeciospores collected from Pinus banksiana.

Pesticide Transportation, Storage And Fire Prevention, Richard Beard, Howard M. Deer

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Banded Ash Borer, Jay B. Karren

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Tomato And Tobacco Hornworms, Jay B. Karren

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Utah Pesticide Applicator Training, Howard M. Deer

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Fungus Gnats, Jay B. Karren

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Atmospheric Co2 Enrichment On Root Growth And Carbohydrate Allocation Of Phaseolus Spp., Katrina J. Salsman, Dean N. Jordan, S. D. Smith, D. S. Neuman

Life Sciences Faculty Research

A glasshouse experiment was conducted with plants of Phaseolus grown in liquid culture. Root growth parameters (biomass, diameter, length, growth rate, zone of cell division), root rheological components (wall extensibility, water potential yield threshold, water potential), shoot growth, carbon allocation, and abscisic acid (ABA) concentration were measured in Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray at ambient (550 μmol mol−1) and elevated (700 μmol mol−1) atmospheric CO2 concentrations. For contrast, measurements of above‐ and belowground growth were conducted on Phaseolus vulgaris L. in the same treatments. Under nonlimiting conditions of water and nutrients, elevated CO2 increased root and shoot growth of P. acutifolius …

A Floristic Study Of Sugarloaf Ridge State Park, Sonoma County, California, Frederica S. Bowcutt

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

A ist of 400 vascular plants was compiled for Sugarloaf Ridge State Park, a 1142 hectare (2820 acre) park in the outer North Coast Ranges within Sonoma County and adjacent western Napa County, California. Relatively undisturbed stands of native perennial bunchgrasses occur the understory In portions of both the oakwood land and the mixed evergreen forest. Grasslands on serpentine in the park are typically dominated by Nassella. One of the sttlte's eastentmost coast redwood forests occurs in the park. Nonnative Centaurea solstitialis rapidly invades annual grasslands and other disturbed in the park. The California Oepanment of and Recreation (DPR) …

Potential Utility Of Chloroplast Trnl (Uaa) Gene Intron Sequences For Inferring Phylogeny In Scrophulariaceae, C. Edward Freeman, Ron Scogin

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Whereas chloroplast DNA-derived sequence data from protein coding regions have been utilized successfully at many taxonomic levels in recent years, sequences which are variable enough to allow for efficient phylogenetic inference (maximum information with relatively low sequencing costs and effort) at the subfamilial level huve been few. Sequence data were obtained in this study from a noncoding region, the trnL (UAA) gene intron, from a selection of taxa from the Scrophulariaceae and closely related families (representing 41 species in 26 genera). Groups of species from commonly recognized tribes and subtribes were included to determine if these taxa were grouped together …

A Vegetation Analysis Of Plant Communities In And Around Selected Holding Ponds At Mcclintic Wildlife Management Area, Mason County, West Virginia, Russell Bowman Shrader

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

This study was conducted as an analysis of vegetation in and around four ponds at McClintic Wildlife Management Area (MWMA), located in Mason County, West Virginia. The MWMA is the former West Virginia Ordnance Works (WVOW), having served as a trinitrotoluene (TNT) manufacturing site from 1941-1946. Such history presents the area with unique conditions resulting in diverse types and amounts of plants, since any type of forest disturbance, regardless of cause, alters ecosystem functions. This project was originally designed as part of a groundwater pump-and-treat plan for MWMA, where potential impacts of groundwater removal to ponds and the associated plant …

Reproductive Biology And Search Behavior Of Amitus Bennetti (Hymenoptera: Platygasteridae), A Parasitoid Of Bemisia Argentifolii (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), Andrea L. Joyce, Thomas S. Bellows, Jr., David H. Headrick

Horticulture and Crop Science

No abstract provided.

Manure Best Management Practices, Jessica Davis, Richard Koenig, Robert Flynn

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Wood And Bark Anatomy Of Schisandraceae: Implications For Phylogeny, Habit, And Vessel Evolution, Sherwin Carlquist

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Qualitative and quantitative features are reported for mature wood and bark of two species of Kadsura and five species of Schisandra. Newly reported for the family are predominance of simple perforation plates (all species); presence of pit membrane remnants in vessels of first-formed secondary xylem; two to three series of pits per facet on tracheids; diffuse axial parenchyma (Kadsura); multiseri- ate rays more than three cells wide at the widest point (all species); ethereal oil cells in axial xylem; and certain details of comparative bark anatomy. Differences in wood anatomy between Illiciaceae and Schisandraceae are nearly all …

An Expanded Circumscription Of Bouteloua (Gramineae: Choridoideae): New Combinations And Names, J. Travis Columbus

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Cladistic analysis of nuclear ribosomal and chloroplast DNA sequences has revealed that the New World grass genus Bouteloua (Chloridoideae) is not monophyletic. Indeed, some species of Bouteloua are more closely related to species in other genera than to congeners. The problem was dealt with by expanding the circumscription of Bouteloua to include species formerly positioned in the satellite genera Buchloe (1 species), Buchlomimus/em> (1), Cathestecum/em> (4), Cyclostachya/em> (1), Griffithsochloa (1), Opizia (2), Pentarrhaphis (3), Pringleochloa (1), and Soderstromia(1). Thirteen new combinations and names were necessary. As here circumscribed, Bouteloua is monophyletic and comprises 57 species.

Plant And Breeding Bird Communities Of Black-Tailed Prairie Dog Colonies And Non-Colonized Areas In Southwest Kansas And Southeast Colorado, Stephen L. Winter

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This research was initiated to determine if plant and bird communities on black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus Ord) colonies in southwest Kansas and southeast Colorado differed from those found on associated non-colonized areas. Vegetation height and density, and the cover and frequency of numerous plant species differed between prairie dog colonies and non-colonized areas that were co-dominated by mid-height grasses and shortgrasses. A comparison of prairie dog colonies with non-colonized areas that were dominated solely by shortgrasses did not reveal a difference in vegetation height and density. The number of species that differed in cover or frequency between prairie dog …

Center For Grassland Studies Newsletter, Winter 1999, Volume 5, No. 1

Center for Grassland Studies: Newsletters

Contents:

Factors Affecting the Biodiversity of Lowland Grasslands Along the Platte River by Julie Savidge and Tammy VerCauteren, School of Natural Resources, UNL

Use of Exotic Plants in Sandhills Wet Meadows: An Ecological Viewpoint by Gerry Steinauer, Botanist, Nebraska Games and Parks Commission

Role of Grasses In an Integrated approach for Remediating TNT-Contaminated Soil by Neil Heckman, Department of Horticulture, UNL

New Editor of Great Plains Research Solicits Manuscripts by Svata Louda, School of Biological Sciences, UNL

Why We Do What We Do by Dick Gray, Agronomist, Nebraska Department of Roads

Bison Symposium Calls for Papers: "Bison: the Past, Present, …

Cyclopropane Fatty Acid Expression In Plants, Katherine M. Schmid

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Pants [sic] are transformed with a bacterial cyclopropane fatty acid synthase gene to produce lipids containing cyclopropane fatty acids. Using this technology dihydrosterculate is produced in oilseed crops such as rape.

Amanoa, W. John Hayden

Biology Faculty Publications

Monoecious or dioecious trees or shrubs, latex absent. Leaves alternate, distichous, evergreen, simple, coriaceous, glabrous; stipules intrapetiolar, paired, or confluent across the leaf axil; margins entire; venation pinnate. Inflorescence axillary and/or terminal, of densely bracteate clusters (reduced cymules), in the axils of ordinary foliage leaves, in nonleafy pseudoterminal aggregates that revert to vegetative growth, or (in neotropical species) in the axils of alternate, reduced, crescentiform stipular bracts of determinate deciduous spiciform axes borne in groups of 1-several per branch apex; axes straight or sinuous; floral bracts minute, deltate, with abaxially pubescent midribs. Staminate flowers sessile or pedicellate, regular; perianth biseriate; …

Report Of The Turfgrasses Working Group, Hector Quemada

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Over 30 species of grasses are utilized for turf (Huff 1998), while others are important in agriculture as forage crops. The commercial value of this group of plants makes them attractive for improvement through modern genetic engineering techniques (Johnson and Riordan, in press). Because of the diversity of species and the consequent differences in biology among them, broad generalizations regarding the ecological effects of pest resistance genes introduced into these crops cannot be made. Rather, questions regarding the potential for pest resistance genes must be directed toward specific cases in which the species and the particular introduced gene are known. …

Notes: Evaluation Of A Filter Bag System For Ndf, Adf, And Ivdmd Forage Analysis, Kenneth P. Vogel, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, Steven D. Masterson, John J. Toy

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

A new method of determining in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) as recently developed in which the digestion is conducted with the forage samples in filter bags. Our objective was to compare the filter bag and conventional IVDMD analysis methods using smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.), switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), and forage sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] samples. In addition, the filter bag analysis systems for determining non-sequential neutral and acid detergent fiber (NDF and ADF), respectively, were compared with the non-sequential conventional analysis systems. In the filter bag systems, the forage samples are sealed in filter bags and the …

Identification And Characterization Of Genes Required For Hyphal Morphogenesis In The Filamentous Fungus Aspergillus Nidulans, Steven D. Harris, Amy F. Hofmann, Hugo W. Tedford, Maurice P. Lee

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

In the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans, germination of an asexual conidiospore results in the formation of a hyphal cell. A key feature of spore germination is the switch from isotropic spore expansion to polarized apical growth. Here, temperature-sensitive mutations are used to characterize the roles of five genes (sepA, hypA, podB–podD) in the establishment and maintenance of hyphal polarity. Evidence that suggests that the hypA, podB, and sepA genes are required for multiple aspects of hyphal morphogenesis is presented. Notably, podB and sepA are needed for organization of the cytoskeleton at sites of …

Colletotrichum Trifolii Mutants Disrupted In The Catalytic Subunit Of Camp-Dependent Protein Kinase Are Nonpathogenic, Zhonghui Yang, Martin B. Dickman

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Colletotrichum trifolii is the fungal pathogen of alfalfa that causes anthracnose disease. For successful plant infection, this fungus must undergo a series of morphological transitions following conidial attachment, including germination and subsequent differentiation, resulting in appressorium formation. Our previous studies with pharmacological effectors of signaling pathways have suggested the involvement of cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKA) during these processes. To more precisely evaluate the role of PKA in C. trifolii morphogenesis, the gene encoding the catalytic (C) subunit of PKA (Ct-PKAC) was isolated, sequenced, and inactivated by gene replacement. Southern blot analysis with C. trifolii genomic DNA …

Can Large Dsdna-Containing Viruses Provide Information About The Minimal Genome Size Required To Support Life?, James L. Van Etten

James Van Etten Publications

The genomes of a few viruses, such as Bacillus megaterium phage G (670 kb) and the chlorella viruses (330 to 380 kb), are larger than the predicted minimal genome size required to support life (ca. 320 kb). A comparison of the 256 proteins predicted to be required for life with the putative 376 proteins encoded by chlorella virus PBCV-1, as well as those encoded by other large viruses, indicates that viruses lack many of these “essential” genes. Consequently, it is unlikely that viruses will aid in determining the minimal number and types of genes required for life. However, viruses may …