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Abstracts From The Student Presentations Of The Arkansas Chapter Of Gamma Sigma Delta, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Mapping The Boulder City Wetlands Using A Global Positioning System (Gps) And A Geographic Information System (Gis), Jennifer Lea Bishop

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The Boulder City Wetlands is a constructed wetlands park located in Boulder City, Nevada, approximately 23 miles southeast of Las Vegas, Nevada. Currently, a baseline study of water quality is being conducted in the Boulder City Wetlands. This baseline study of the wetlands is an important step in understanding the development of the Boulder City Wetlands over time. As wastewater is eventually introduced into the existing community tap water running through the wetlands, it is expected that the nitrogen within the water will enhance the growth of vegetation in the surrounding area. Comparing the vegetation growth over time is only …

Map-Making Of Plant Biomass And Leaf Area Index For Management Of Protected Areas, Loretta Gratani, Maria Fiore Crescente

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

An inventory of the vegetation types of Castelporziano Estate (Rome), including examples of Mediterranean ecosystems in excellent preserved condition, was compiled. Because Leaf Area Index (LAI) changed with forest structure and developmental stages, maximum LAI provided a good estimate of maximum biomass accumulation. Plant biomass estimation, ranging from 61 tons ha^-1 to 360 tons ha^-1, fitted well into 14 biomass classes; the highest values (from 301 tons ha^-1 to 360 tons ha^-1) were related to stratified forested vegetation types, including the more mature Pinus pinea plantations, Quercus ilex evergreen forests and broad leaf mixed …

Bulletin No 4315 - Western Australia's Agricultural, Food & Fisheries Industries 1999 - 2000, Besko Trhuij, Francis D'Emden

Bulletins 4000 -

Fifth Edition (revised and updated) December 2000.

Western Australia’s agriculture and fisheries industries have an international reputation for providing premium quality food and fibre produce to customers around the world.

The State of Western Australia is setting the international quality standard in the production of a vast array of food, fibre and fisheries products.

Agriculture Western Australia has developed the Safe Quality Food System (SQF2000), which not only meets stringent world food standards, but is being adopted in many countries as a unique trademark of quality.

Free of many pests, diseases and pollution found elsewhere, the State offers produce sourced …

Bulletin 4446 - Ord Land And Water Management Plan 2000, Agriculture Western Australia, Community Of Kununurra

Bulletins 4000 -

The wise use of the land and water of the Ord has become an imperative driven by increasing awareness of the impacts of current uses on ground water and the on the quality of the Ord River itself.

We have been lucky as a community that these resources are still in reasonable order and that we have the time to address the resource management challenges associated with our use of them. There is a wide range of land and water management issues to be addressed and all those involved have responsibilities to address some of those issues.

Salinity Tolerance Of Selected Ectomycorrhizal Fungi (Pisolithus Tinctorius Pers.) And Ectomycorrhizal Eucalypts, Ben Bradshaw

Theses : Honours

Increasing soil salinity has become a major problem worldwide. It has led to a reduction in the amount of arable land, has put at risk the supply of freshwater and threatens the existence of many natural habitats. The major increase in salinity has been attributed to human activities such as clearing of natural vegetation and large-scale irrigation programmes. The alleviation of this problem has focussed on changed management strategies. the most significant of which is the re-establishment of deep rooted plants in sail affected areas. This, however, is difficult because of the variation in salt tolerance of such plants and …

Modelling Age- And Density-Related Gas Exchange Of Picea Abies Canopies In The Fichtelgebirge, Germany, Eva Falge, John D. Tennhunen, Ronald J. Ryel, Martina Alsheimer, Barbara Köstner

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

Differences in canopy exchange of water and carbon dioxide that occur due to changes in tree structure and density in montane Norway spruce stands of Central Germany were analyzed with a three dimensional microclimate and gas exchange model STANDFLUX. The model was used to calculate forest radiation absorption, the net photosynthesis and transpiration of single trees, and gas exchange of tree canopies. Model parameterizations were derived for six stands of Picea abies (L.) Karst. differing in age from 40 to 140 years and in density from 1680 to 320 trees per hectare. Parameterization included information on leaf area distribution from …

Feeding Fitness And Quality Of Domesticated And Feral Predators: Effects Of Long-Term Rearing On Artificial Diet, Allen Carson Cohen

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Predatory geocorids, Geocoris punctipes Say (Geocoridae: Hemiptera), that had been reared (domesticated) for over 6 years (60 continuous generations) on an artificial diet were compared with feral (F1) counterparts to determine possible domestication-associated losses in predatory capabilities. Using adult female predators provided with either tobacco budworm larvae, Heliothis uirescens F., or pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris, as prey, I measured predator weights, handling time with a single prey, amount extracted, consumption rate, and feeding (gut) capacity. Domesticated females were significantly smaller than ferals, weighing 4.53 mg versus 5.09 mg, respectively. Domestication did not significantly influence handling times, which averaged 131 …

Elongated Chambers For Field Studies Across Atmospheric Co2 Gradients, H. B. Johnson, H. W. Polley, R. P. Whitis

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

We describe a field facility that controls CO₂ along continuous gradients from superambient to subambient concentrations. The facility consists of two transparent, tunnel-shaped chambers, each 1-m wide and tall and 60-m long. Pure CO₂ is injected into one chamber during daylight to initiate a superambient CO₂ gradient (550–350 µmol mol^–1). Ambient air is introduced to the second chamber to initiate a subambient CO₂ gradient (350–200 µmol mol^–1). CO₂ concentrations at night are regulated at 150 µmol mol^–1 above daytime values along each gradient. The CO₂ gradients are maintained by …

Rising Above The Herd - An Analysis Of The Western Australian Beef & Cattle Industry (Executive Summary Document), Andrew Quinn, Ashley Manners

Animal production and livestock published reports

This report has been produced at the request of the Agriculture Western Australia, Meat Program Partnership Group. The intention of the report is to set out a number of priority areas for concentrated Agency and industry attention to assist with the development of the Western Australian beef and cattle industry.

• Global per capita consumption of beef is currently flat to slowly reducing, with total consumption volumes rising in line with population and wealth increases.

• Global trade in live cattle is experiencing a slow, steady increase in volumes influenced by trade factors encouraging in-country processing and finishing of cattle, and a …

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Strepsipteran Parasitism Of White Leafhoppers, Cofana Spp. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) In Lowland Rice In Côte D’Ivoire, I. O. Oyediran, A. Ndongidila, E. A. Heinrichs

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Three tests were conducted over a 2-year period in lowland irrigated rice fields on the WARDA Research Station at Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire, to obtain information on the strepsipteran parasitism of white leafhoppers, Cofana spectra and C. unimaculata. Rice cultivars were sampled with a sweep net to collect leafhoppers for determination of the relative abundance of the two leafhopper species and the effect of rice cultivar and rice crop age on the leafhopper populations and percent strepsipteran parasitism. Dissections of the leafhoppers were made to determine the relative number of the various parasitic stages in the leafhoppers. Cofana unimaculata populations …

The Role Of Chitinase Production By Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia Strain C3 In Biological Control Of Bipolaris Sorokiniana, Zhongge Zhang, Gary Y. Yuen

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The role of chitinase production by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain C3 in biological control of leaf spot on tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea), caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana, was investigated in vitro and in vivo. The filtrate of a broth culture of C3, with chitin as the carbon source, was separated into fractions. A high molecular-weight fraction (>8 kDa) was chitinolytic and more inhibitory than a low-molecularweight, nonchitinolytic fraction to conidial germination and hyphal growth by B. sorokiniana and to leaf spot development. A protein fraction derived by ammonium sulfate precipitation and a chitinase fraction purified by chitin affinity …

Soybean Cyst Nematode Reproduction In The North Central United States, J. Wang, P. A. Donald, T. L. Niblack, G. W. Bird, J. Faghihi, J. M. Ferris, C. Grau, D. J. Jardine, P. E. Lipps, A. E. Macguidwin, H. Melakeberhan, G. R. Noel, P. Pierson, P. M. Riedel, P. R. Sellers, W. C. Stienstra, T. C. Todd, G. L. Tylka, T. A. Wheeler, D. S. Wysong

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

An experiment was conducted in Heterodera glycines–infested fields in 40 north central U.S. environments (21 sites in 1994 and 19 sites in 1995) to assess reproduction of this nematode. Two resistant and two susceptible soybean cultivars from each of the maturity groups (MG) I through IV were grown at each site in 6.1 m by 4 row plots. Soil samples were collected from each plot at planting and harvest and processed at Iowa State University to determine H. glycines initial (Pi) and final (Pf) population densities as eggs per 100 cm3 of soil. Overall, reproduction (Pf/Pi) of H. glycines …

Establishment Of Big Bluestem And Illinois Bundleflower Mixtures With Imazapic And Imazethapyr, Daniel D. Beran, Robert A. Masters, Roch E. Gaussoin, Fernando Rivas-Pantoja

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Weeds interfere with establishment of native grasses and legumes. A study was conducted to determine the influence of imazapic¹ [(±)- 2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]- 5-methyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid] and imazethapyr [2-[4,5-dihydro- 4-methyl -4 - (1- methylethyl) -5 -oxo-1H- imidazol -2 - yl]5- ethyl -3- pyridinecarboxylic acid] on weed control and establishment of ‘Pawnee’ big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman var. gerardii Vitman) and Illinois bundleflower [Desmanthus illinoensis (Michx.) MacMill.] planted in three binary mixtures of 220:110, 165:165, and 110:220 pure live seed (PLS) m^-2. Mixtures were seeded at cropland sites near Clay Center, Mead, and Lincoln, NE. Imazapic and imazeth- apyr …

Bean Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Abundance In Soybean Fields Protected And Unprotected By Shelterbelts, Stephen D. Danielson, James R. Brandle, Laurie Hodges, P. Srinivas

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The bean leaf beetle, Cerotoma trifurcata (Forster) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is a major insect pest of soybean in Nebraska and throughout much of the Midwest. This insect overwinters in the adult stage in litter in wooded areas such as shelterbelts. Historically, crop producers have been unsure of the merits of shelterbelts, especially if nearby crops are more likely to be infested by insect pests as a result. In this study, bean leaf beetle adults were sampled during the season by visually counting the number of beetles found on soybean plants early in the season and by sweep net sampling once plants …

Crop Quality And Utilization: A Twelve-Hour In Vitro Procedure For Sorghum Grain Feed Quality Assessment, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, Todd Milton, R. A. Mass

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Improvedmethods for assessing cereal crop feed value are a prerequisite for the genetic improvement of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] feed value. Rate of starch digestion is now commonly believed to be the limiting factor in sorghum utilization by cattle (Bos taurus). However, techniques to assess this trait are not useful to sorghum breeders because of high labor inputs, lab error associated with starch measurement, and need for high numbers of replications. The objective of this study was to develop a simple technique capable of identifying differences in digestion between sorghum and corn (Zea mays L.) …

Ethylene Production, Cluster Root Formation, And Localization Of Iron(Iii) Reducing Capacity In Fe Deficient Squash Roots, Brian M. Waters, Dale G. Blevins

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Dicots and non-graminaceous monocots have the ability to increase root iron(III) reducing capacity in response to iron (Fe) deficiency stress. In squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) seedlings, Fe(III) reducing capacity was quantified during early vegetative growth. When plants were grown in Fe-free solution, the Fe(III) reducing capacity was greatly elevated, reached peak activity on day 4, then declined through day 6. Root ethylene production exhibited a temporal pattern that closely matched that of Fe(III) reducing capacity through day 6. On the 7th day of Fe deficiency, cluster root morphology developed, which coincided with a sharp increase in the root Fe(III) …

Clonal Growth Of Lithospermum Caroliniense (Boraginaceae) In Contrasting Sand Dune Habitats, Stephen G. Weller, Kathleen H. Keeler, Barbara A. Thomson

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

The occurrence of clonal growth of distylous Lithospermum caroliniense was investigated in a population in the Nebraska Sandhills, an area where sand dunes have been relatively stable for at least 1,500–3,000 yr, and compared to a population occurring at the Indiana Dunes, an area of active sand dune formation. Spatial autocorrelation analysis indicated the occurrence of significant clonal propagation of genetically based floral morphs at Arapaho Prairie, but not for the Indiana Dunes. Apparent clonal growth in the Sandhills population had no overall negative effect on pollen deposition or fecundity relative to the Indiana population, although in some large clones …

Phylogeny Of Calostoma, The Gelatinous-Stalked Puffball, Based On Nuclear And Mitochondrial Ribosomal Dna Sequences, Brandi D. Hughey, Gerard C. Adams, Tom D. Bruns, David S. Hibbett

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Nucleotide sequence of the nuclear small and large subunit and the mitochondrial small and large ribosomal genes of Calostoma were used to investigate evolutionary relationships with other Basidiomycetes. In separate analyses with each gene, Calostoma was placed within the Boletales and outside the clades containing most gilled mushrooms, puffballs, stalked puffballs, earthstars, stinkhorns, and nonboletalean Gasteromycetes. This contradicted previous taxonomic hypotheses. Calostoma was most closely related to Gyroporus, Pisolithus, and Scleroderma based on maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analysis of the mitochondrial large ribosomal gene database, which contained several representatives of most genera of the Boletales. In three …

Variation In Boll Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Captures In Pheromone Traps Arising From Wind Speed Moderation By Brush Lines, Thomas W. Sappington, Dale W. Spurgeon

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Paired trap lines of Þve boll weevil pheromone traps each were placed on opposite sides of a brush line at six different sites on a plantation in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas. Temperature, wind speed, and wind direction were monitored with a nearby weather station. We observed a strong negative relationship between mean daily wind speed and total daily capture of boll weevils. About half of the day-to-day variation in weevil captures was explained by wind speed alone. In addition, our data indicate that much of the variation between traps within days may arise from differences in local …

Oxygen Metabolism In Plantlbacteria Interactions: Characterization Of The Oxygen Uptake Response Of Plant Suspension Cells, C. Jacyn Baker, E. W. Orlandi, Kenneth L. Deahl

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

In recent years the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been studied in plant cell suspension systems treated with bacterial pathogens. However, the associated utilization of molecular oxygen has not been well characterized. Using a multi-electrode oxygen analyser, the rates of oxygen consumption by tobacco cells during bacterial interactions were monitored. Heat-killed (HK) bacteria, which initiate an immediate ROS response in plant cells, were used as an elicitor to avoid complications of oxygen consumption by viable bacteria. An increase in oxygen uptake by the tobacco cells occurred within 4 min after addition of HK-bacteria and lasted for about 10 …

Inhibition Of Cysteine And Aspartyl Proteinases In The Alfalfa Weevil Midgut With Biochemical And Plant-Derived Proteinase Inhibitors, Stephen E. Wilhite, Thomas C. Elden, Joze Brzin, Ann C. Smigocki

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Proteolytic activities in alfalfa weevil (Hypera postica) larval midguts have been characterized. Effects of pH, thiol activators, low-molecular weight inhibitors, and proteinase inhibitors (PIs) on general substrate hydrolysis by midgut extracts were determined. Hemoglobinolytic activity was highest in the acidic to mildly acidic pH range, but was maximal at pH 3.5. Addition of thiolactivators dithiothreitol (DTT), 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME), or l-cysteine had little effect on hemoglobin hydrolysis at pH 3.5, but enhanced azocaseinolytic activity two to three-fold at pH 5.0. The broad cysteine PI E-64 reduced azocaseinolytic activity by 64% or 42% at pH 5 in the presence or …

Biotechnology In Western Australian Agriculture, Agriculture Western Australia

Grain and other field crops published reports

The Government of Western Australia believes that the strategic use of biotechnology and particularly gene technology has the potential to offer Western Australian agriculture significant economic benefits by improving the productivity and quality of products, as well as contributing to the development of sustainable farming systems.

Information contained in these binders is intended to give an overview of Biotechnology in relation to what is occurring in Australia, in Western Australia and specifically, at Agriculture Western Australia (AGWEST).

Biotechnology has been around for twenty-five years or more, but has only recently become a public issue in Australia - particularly in relation …

Pruning And Nutrition Of Outdoor Cut Foliage Crops, Andy Whelton

Theses

The rapidly expanding cut foliage industry in the South of Ireland aims to satisfy the demands of an exacting market requiring well furnished quality stems for use in the manufacture of foliage and flower bouquets. The studies examined, in detail, aspects of pruning and nutrition of genera currently important to this evolving industry. Recommendations for the optimum time of pruning Eucalyptus pulverulenta and Pittosporum tenujolium are given. Pruning regimes for Eucalyptus parv,folia and E. glaucescens, Pittosporum tenufolium, Ozothamnus rosmarinfolius ‘Silver Jubilee’ and Rhododendron ponticum were examined and guidelines on best practices are outlined. A nutrition experiment to examine the effect …

New Floristic Records (Monocotyledones) For The Square B10 (Özalp-Van) From Turkey, Fevzi̇ Özgökçe, Lütfi̇ Behçet

Turkish Journal of Botany

No abstract provided.

New Floristic Records For The Grid Square A3 (Kocaeli/Turkey), Şener Akinci, Engi̇n Özhatay

Turkish Journal of Botany

No abstract provided.

New Floristic Records From Square B6 (Sivas/Kayseri), Erol Dönmez

Turkish Journal of Botany

No abstract provided.

Influence Of Deleterious Rhizobacteria On Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia Esula) Roots, Mark A. Brinkman, Sharon A. Clay, Robert J. Kremer

Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications

Rhizobacteria have been shown to be phytotoxic to leafy spurge in laboratory assays. This field study investigated the influence of two strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens [Trevisan, (Migula)], deleterious rhizobacteria (DRB), on root weight, root bud number, and root carbohydrate content of leafy spurge at three sites located in northeast and north-central South Dakota. Soils were inoculated with 2 g of starch-based granules containing no bacteria or starch granules containing 108colony-forming units (cfu)/g of either bacterial strain LS102 (Montana origin) or LS174 (South Dakota origin). Bacterial strains were detected on root samples from treated areas. Root weight and root carbohydrate content …

Use Of Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna-Polymerase Chain Reaction (Rapd-Pcr) To Distinguish North American Populations Of Acroptilon Repens (L.) Dc, Raul A. Ruiz

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

Sixty U.S. populations of Acroptilon repens collected in 1998 were analyzed using RAPD-PCR. Each population was represented by five specimens gathered from each location. A total of 301 specimens were examined using two Operon Technologies, RAPD-PCR primers (A 10 and C04). The DNA amplification products produced through the PCR process were electrophoretically separated to produce DNA fragments ranging from 100 to 2000 base-pairs in length. The 60 U.S. populations sampled, produce ten RAPD banding pattern types using A 10 primer and seventeen pattern types with C04. Genetic variation within and among the populations was low, however, one dendogram did show …

Southeast South Dakota Experiment Farm Annual Progress Report, 1999, Agricultural Experiment Station

Agricultural Experiment Station and Research Farm Annual Reports

Crop production was moderate to poor this season. Our climate was mild in terms of temperatures but precipitation was quite erratic. In fact the growing season was both extremely wet and dry. During the first half of the growing season we received 5 inches of rain above normal, and the last half was 4.5 inches below normal. Some fields in our area were too wet to plant or drowned out after planting. Strong wind and hail caused moderate to severe crop damage on July 2. Our last significant precipitation occurred on July 20. After that the rains stopped completely and …