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Using Upper Boundary Constraints To Quantify Competitive Response Of Desert Annuals, Laura M. Lessin, Andrew R. Dyer, Deborah E. Goldberg

Faculty Publications

Using a target-neighborhood approach with six annual dicot species in the Negev Desert of Israel, we tested whether neighborhood biomass constrained the upper limit of plant performance and if the slope of the upper boundary was correlated to species trait means, such as relative growth rate (RGR) and seed mass. Target individuals were measured in early spring and then collected at the onset of the dry season along with all naturally occurring neighbors within a 5-cm radius of the target. Using a minimum of 50 samples for each of the six target species, we found no significant relationships between target …

The Low Above-Zero Temperature Effect In The Zone Of Roots On Nitrate Reductase Activity In Pea Organs In The Process Of Vegetating, G. G. Vasilieva, N. V. Mironova, A. K. Glyanko

Turkish Journal of Botany

Experiments with pea (Pisum sativum L.) cv. Marat) in a phytotron chamber showed that the process of nitrate assimilation in pea organs depends on temperature in the zone of the roots and on the phase of development of the plants. The potential of tissues of different organs for nitrate reduction was compared to the amount of nitrates which they accumalated. A decrease in nitrate reductase activity during certain phases of development is assumed to be related to the process of formation and functioning of nodules.

New Floristic Records On Dicotyledones For The Square B9 (Özalp-Van) From Turkey, Fevzi̇ Özgökçe

Turkish Journal of Botany

No abstract provided.

New Floristic Records On Dicotyledones For The Square B10 (Özalp-Van) From Turkey, Fevzi̇ Özgökçe, Lütfi̇ Behçet

Turkish Journal of Botany

No abstract provided.

New Floristic Records For The Square C3 (Seydişehir-Konya, Turkey), Memduh Seri̇n, Murad Aydin Şanda, Fahretti̇n Bati

Turkish Journal of Botany

No abstract provided.

New Floristic Records For The Grid Square B3 Uluborlu - Isparta, Turkey, Gönül Kaynak, Gül Tarimcilar

Turkish Journal of Botany

No abstract provided.

The Liverwort Flora Of Antarctica (2000), Adnan Erdağ

Turkish Journal of Botany

No abstract provided.

Inventory Of Parks Division Lands For Threatened And Endangered Species Habitats And Exemplary Natural Communities, Steven B. Rolfsmeier

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

The Nebraska Natural Heritage Program is responsible for environmental review of state projects, including those on Parks division properties, to determine if they may impact state-listed threatened and endangered species. In addition, the Program maintains a statewide database on natural communities and rare and imperiled species. This information is used to inform conservation decision-making, including land management decisions, with a goal of conserving Nebraska’s flora and fauna, our natural legacy. The two main objectives of this inventory project were first to improve the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission’s knowledge of threatened and endangered species and their potential habitat on Parks …

Aquatic Plants Of Nebraska, Michael P. Gutzmer, Robert B. Kaul

University of Nebraska State Museum: Programs Information

More than 100 species of aquatic plants grow in Nebraska. Some are entirely submersed for their whole lives, others produce floating leaves and flowers, and still others stand upright, with only their lower stems in water. Examples of these are shown here in this publication.

Vigorous and diverse colonies of aquatic plants are usually a sign of healthy and stable aquatic environments. In fact, the plants themselves stabilize the shorelines, underwater soils, and water chemistry. Waters rich with aquatic plants are rich with aquatic animals and waterfowl, which find cover, breeding habitat, and abundant food. Non-alkaline waters have more aquatic …

Characterization Of A PorosTm-Fumonisin B1 Affinity Column For Isolating Ceramide Synthase From Rat Liver, S. Jernigan, W. B. Melchior Jr., G. R. Jenkins, K. L. Rowland, D. W. Roberts, P. C. Howard, H. Tolleson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Fumonisin B1 is a mycotoxin produced by fungi of the genus Fusarium, common pathogens of corn and other grain plants. Toxic effects associated with fumonisin B1 include equine leukoencephalomacia, porcine pulmonary edema, rat renal carcinoma, and murine hepatocellular carcinoma. Increased risk for esophageal cancer in humans has been epidemiologically associated with consumption of corn contaminated with Fusarium, suggesting that fumonisin B1 may be involved. The biological effects of fumonisin B1 exposure result primarily from disruption of de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis via inhibition of ceramide synthase. Exposure of animals or cultured cells to fumonisin B1 results in the characteristic accumulation of …

Ouachita Mountain Population Of Diphasiastrum Digitatum (Dillenius Ex. A. Braun (Holub)) Reported In Montgomery County On The Ouachita National Forest, Terry Keith Mckay, Daniel L. Marsh

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Recognition Of Bromus Richardsonii And B. Ciliatus: Evidence From Morphology, Cytology, And Dna Fingerprinting (Poaceae: Bromeae), Paul M. Peterson, Jacques Cayouette, Yasas S. N. Ferdinandez, Bruce Coulman, Ralph E. Chapman

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Since our goal was to determine characteristic differences between Bromus richardsonii and B. ciliates, a discriminate analysis (DA), principal components analysis (PCA), multidimensional scaling (MDS), bivariate analysis, and an amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) analysis were undertaken on 93 herbarium specimens and 31 field-collected populations. A cytological survey of B. ciliates, B. richardsonii, and B. mucroglumis confirm previous reports that the first species is diploid (2n = 14) and the latter two are tetraploid (2n = 28). All taxa were correctly classified in the DA and important characters for each of the species were identified. Bromus …

Burakin Focus Catchment Report, Mike Clarke

Natural resources published reports

The Burakin Focus Catchment Project was developed between farmers and Agriculture _ Western Australia. The project was designed to give farmers an understanding of the salinity processes occurring within the Catchment and suggestions on appropriate management.

Work began in the Catchment early in 1999 and was complete at the end of 2000. Intensive hydrological investigations formed the basis of the study, which was complemented by surface water control and revegetation strategies. Agronomic issues associated with sandplain soils were raised by the farmers at the initial meeting and this led to a soil survey to determine the pH status of the …

Farming Systems To Manage Salinity. Farmer Directed Research, Development And Extension. Research Results 2001, Richard Olive

Natural resources published reports

More and more of Western Australia's agnicultural lands are becoming saline. Currently it is estimated that about 18 milliion ha of land are affected to a greater or lesser degree by salinity causing production losses estimated at about $70 million a year.

Unless ways are found to halt and reverse the salinisation of land it is estimated that another 4.4 million ha could become saline over the next 50 years.

Grain growers and the Federal Government, through the Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC). are investing $12 4 million in R&D across Australia to develop productive solutions to the salinity …

Fallow Versus Wheat Cropping Of Unamendedand Manure-Amended Soils Related To Mycorrhizal Colonization, Yield, And Plant Nutrition Of Dry Bean And Sweet Corn, Brett L. Allen, Von D. Jolley, Charles W. Robbins, Larry L. Freeborn

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Previous studies reported manure application to eroded Portneuf silt loam soil (Coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, Durinodic Xeric Haplocalcid) improved dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., cv. Viva) yield to levels of topsoil. These yield increases only correlated with whole-plant zinc (Zn) concentration and soil organic matter. This might be related to enhanced arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization stimulated by manure application. A greenhouse study with dry bean suggested a relationship between manure application, increased AM colonization, and whole-plant Zn uptake, while field studies with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and sweet corn (Zea mays L.) did not. To clarify the apparent …

Methyl-Β-Cyclodextrin: An Alternative Carrier For Intravenous Infusion Of Palmitate During Tracer Studies In Swine (Sus Scrofa Domestica), Diane Wray-Cahen, Thomas J. Caperna, Norman C. Steele

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Fatty acid-free albumin has been the standard carrier for intravenous infusion of fatty acids to study in vivo lipid metabolism. However, subjects can have adverse reactions to infusion of albumin. We sought an alternative to albumin as a carrier for intravenous infusion of fatty acids, using the pig as a model. Cyclodextrins are naturally occurring water-soluble molecules that can serve as carriers for lipid-soluble compounds. ¹³C-palmitate was complexed to either 20% methyl-β-cyclodextrin, 20% 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, or 5% porcine albumin (isotopic purity of infusates: 99.22±0.06%). ¹³C-palmitate-albumin was infused under fed conditions and ¹³C-palmitate-methyl-β-cyclodextrin was infused under fasted and fed …

Mechanical Barrier For Preventing Climbing By Lesser Mealworm (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) And Hide Beetle (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) Larvae In Poultry Houses, Christopher Geden, David Carlson

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Mechanical barriers consisting of bands of polyethylene terepthalate resin attached to wooden posts by latex caulk adhesive and staples were 100% effective in preventing passage of dispersing lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer), larvae in the laboratory. Barriers continued to be 100% effective after being held in a caged layer poultry house for 3 mo. Polyethylene terepthalate barriers installed on support posts in a pullet house in Brooker, FL, were>92% effective against natural populations of lesser mealworm larvae 6 mo. after installation. The barriers also were >94% effective against natural populations of larvae of the hide beetle, Dermestes maculatus DeGeer, …

Hymenopteran Pupal Parasitoids Recovered From House Fly And Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Pupae Collected On Livestock Facilities In Southern And Eastern Hungary, Jerome A. Hogsette, Róbert Farkas, Csaba Thuróczy

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

This field survey, the second noting the occurrence and diversity of filth fly pupal parasitoid fauna in Hungary, was performed on beef and dairy feedlots and swine facilities in the southern and eastern parts of the country. The filth flies Musca domestica L. And Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) Were the two most commonly parasitized hosts. The three species of Spalangia recovered, in decreasing order of abundance, were S. Cameroni Perkins, S. Nigroaenea Curtis, and S. Endius Walker. Pachycrepoideus vindemiae Rondani, Trichomalopsis sp., two apparently undetermined Diapriidae spp. And one apparently undetermined Brachycera sp. Are believed to be new country records.

Assessing Site Vulnerability To Phosphorus Loss In An Agricultural Watershed, Andrew N. Sharpley, Richard W. Mcdowell, Jennifer L. Weld, Peter J. A. Kleinman

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

A P index was developed as a tool to rank agricultural fields on the basis of P loss vulnerability, helping to target remedial P management options within watersheds. We evaluated two approaches, a soil P threshold and components of a P index, by comparing site vulnerability estimates derived from these two approaches with measured runoff P losses in an agricultural watershed in Pennsylvania. Rainfall–surface runoff simulations (70 mm h^-1 for 30 min) were conducted on 57 sites representing the full range of soil P concentrations and management conditions found in the watershed. Each site was comprised of two, abutting …

History, Current Status, And Collaborative Researchprojects For Bemisia Tabaci, M. R. V. Oliveira, T. J. Henneberry, P. Anderson

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Bemisia tabaci was described over 100 years ago and has since become one of the most important pests worldwide in subtropical and tropical agriculture as well as in greenhouse production systems. It adapts easily to new host plants and geographical regions and has now been reported from all global continents except Antarctica. In the last decade, international transport of plant material and people have contributed to geographical spread. B. tabaci has been recorded from more than 600 plant species and there may be many additional hosts not yet formally documented. Biotypes have been identified in different areas of the world …

Quantitative Trait Loci Associated With Milling And Baking Quality In A Soft X Hard Wheat Cross, Kimberley Garland Campbell, Patrick L. Finney, Christine J. Bergman, Daisy G. Gualberto, James A. Anderson, Michael J. Giroux, Dimuth Siritunga, Jiaqian Zhu, Francois Gendre, Catherine Roué, Aliette Vérel, Mark E. Sorrells

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Interclass hybridization between soft and hard wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) results in new genetic combinations of potential value.

Gis And Distributed Watershed Models Ii, Fred L. Ogden, Jurgen Garbrecht, Paul A. Debarry, Lynn E. Johnson

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

This paper presents representative applications and models that can take advantage of spatially distributed data in a geographic information system (GIS) format for watershed analysis and hydrologic modeling purposes. The intention is to inform hydrologic engineers about the current capabilities of GIS, hydrologic analysis modules, and distributed hydrologic models, and to provide an initial guide on implementing GIS for hydrologic modeling. This paper also discusses key implementation issues for individuals and organizations that are considering making the transition to the use of GIS in hydrology. Widespread use of GIS modules and distributed watershed models is inevitable. The controlling factors are …

Food Webs, Risks Of Alien Enemies And Reform Of Biological Control, D. R. Strong, R.W. Pemberton

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

As ilwasions of alien species mount, biological control will become an increasingly important tool of conservation and agriculture. In an effort to understand indirect interactions in biological control, we review food web ecology in terms of resource competition, trophic cascades, intraguild predation, apparent competition, omnivory and a diverse set of tritrophic interactions. The most inclusive study suggests that food webs in biological control are simpler than in natural communities. Risks to non-target species created by biological control have been studied seriously for only about 20 years, and knowledge of these risks is incomplete. The greatest risks are known to be …

Innovative 15N Microplot Research Techniques To Study Nitrogen Use Efficiency Under Different Ecosystems, Ronald F. Follett

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Use of labeled ¹⁵N techniques can help improve and refine knowledge required to understand the dynamics of the N cycle under agricultural systems. The examples reported in this paper illustrate that, with creativity and careful planning, use of ¹⁵N-enriched or depleted fertilizers can be used in many types of N experiments with various crops, cropping systems, and in many types of agroecosystems. The objective is to report examples of a wide range of field studies that researchers can hopefully draw upon to design and utilize N isotope techniques that accomplish the objectives for their own research. Examples of …

Bugs By The Million For Medfly Eradication, Bill Woods

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

As a first step towards nation-wide eradication of Mediterranean fruit fly (Medfly), a pilot project was undertaken in Broome using Sterile Insect Technique in an attempt to eradication the Medfly population. The results have been promising, and further investigation of eradication for Western Australia is underway.

Fungal Symbiosis From Mutualism To Parasitism: Who Controls The Outcome, Host Or Invader?, Regina S. Redman, David Dunigan, Rusty J. Rodriguez

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

• Plant symbiotic fungi are generally thought to express a single lifestyle that might increase (mutualism), decrease (parasitism), or have no influence (commensalism) on host fitness. However, data are presented here demonstrating that plant pathogenic Colletotrichum species are able to asymptomatically colonize plants and express nonpathogenic lifestyles.

• Experiments were conducted in growth chambers and plant colonization was assessed by emergence of fungi from surface sterilized plant tissues. Expression of symbiotic lifestyles was assessed by monitoring the ability of fungi to confer disease resistance, drought tolerance and growth enhancement.

• Several pathogenic Colletotrichum species expressed either mutualistic or commensal lifestyles …

The Aspergillus Nidulans Snt Genes Are Required For The Regulation Of Septum Formation And Cell Cycle Checkpoints, Peter R. Kraus, Steven D. Harris

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

In Aspergillus nidulans, germinating conidia undergo multiple rounds of nuclear division before forming a septum. Previous genetic results suggest that the ability to separate nuclear division and septum formation depends upon a threshold level of activity of the cyclin-dependent kinase NIMXcdk1. Mutations in nimX and nimT, the gene encoding the NIMXcdk1-activating phosphatase, have revealed that Tyr-15 phosphorylation is important for determining the timing of the formation of the first septum. Here, we describe a screen for suppressors of nimT23 (snt), designed to identify additional components of the pathway regulating septum formation. We show that a subset …

Age-Related Resistance In Bell Pepper To Cucumber Mosaic Virus , Hernan Garcia-Ruiz, John F. Murphy

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

We demonstrated the occurrence of mature plant resistance in Capsicum annuum 'Early Calwonder' to Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) under greenhouse conditions. When Early Cal wonder plants were sown at 10 day intervals and transplanted to 10-cm square pots, three distinct plant sizes were identified that were designated small, medium and large. Trials conducted during each season showed that CMV accumulated in inoculated leaves of all plants of each size category. All small plants (with the exception of the winter trial) developed a systemic infection that included accumulation of CMV in uninoculated leaves and severe systemic symptoms. Medium plants had a …

Performance Of Intercom For Predicting Corn– Velvetleaf Interference Across North-Central United States, John L. Lindquist

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Cost-effective weed management requires accurate estimates of yield and the potential yield loss resulting from weed infestations. However, crop yield and the effects of weeds are highly variable across years and locations. Ecophysiological models may be useful for predicting the effects of environment and management on crop and weed growth and competitive ability. Ability of the model INTERCOM to predict corn (Zea mays) growth and yield, velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) interference on corn yield loss, and single-year economic threshold velvetleaf density (T_e) was evaluated using 13 data sets collected in four states. Predicted and observed …

Storage And Handling Characteristics Of Trinexapac-Ethyl Treated Kentucky Bluegrass Sod, Neil L. Heckman, Garald L. Horse, Roch E. Gaussoin, Kevin Frank

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Internal heating during sod storage can lead to plant deterioration and is a limiting factor in sod transportation. Storage practices such as the use of refrigeration and vacuum packaging have increased storage time; however, these are usually not practical or economical. Experiments were conducted to develop a feasible growth regulator management technique, using trinexapac-ethyl, to increase the storage life of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) sod. Experimental setup for all experiments was a completely randomized design with a 2 (trinexapac-ethyl vs. control) × 3 (storage times) factorial treatment arrangement with 3 replications. Trinexapac-ethyl was applied at 0.23 kg·ha^{–1 …}