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Nebline, April 2001

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Human Diseases and Wildlife: Implications for Nebraska
Plant a Tree
Mom’s Day Garden
Annual Vines in the Landscape
What day is Arbor Day?
Summer Patch of Turfgrass
Horticulture information center
Termite Workshop on May 22
Household Hazardous Waste Collections for 2001
Safely Clean up After Rodents
Cans for Books
Test Soils for Nitrates; Adjust Application Rate Accordingly
Reduce Nitrogen and Maintain Yields; Multi-plot Research Results Show the Thresholds
Graze Conservatively Following Drought Year
Farm Labor
Diazinon Phase-Out Beginning
Lincoln Iris Society
Aerate Lawn to Improve Air Flow
How to Drive a Staple
Composting Workshops and Demonstrations for 2001
Anderson’s Post …

First Report Of Columbia Root Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne Chitwoodi) In Potato In Texas, A. L. Szalanski, P. G. Mullin, T. S. Harris, T. O. Powers

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Columbia root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne chitwoodi Golden et al. (1) was identified from potatoes, Solanum tuberosum L., collected from Dallam County, Texas in October 2000. Seed potatoes are the most likely source for this introduction. This nematode is currently found infecting potatoes grown in California, Colorado, Idaho, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, and Washington. Some countries prohibit import of both seed and table stock potatoes originating in states known to harbor M. chitwoodi. Lesions on the potatoes had discrete brown coloration with white central spots in the outer 1 cm of the tuber flesh. Female nematode densities averaged 3 per square …

The Effect Of Nitrogen Fertilization On Short-Term Fine Root Dynamics In A Barrier Island Dune Community, John Walter Hutton

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Fine root dynamics are an important yet poorly understood component of terrestrial ecosystems. In recent years a number of researchers have focused on fine root dynamics; their work has looked at patterns across one or multiple growing seasons on a scale of monthly measures. The purpose of this study was to add to the overall understanding by looking at fine root dynamics on a shorter temporal scale. Minirhizotron observation tubes were used to assess the effect of nitrogen fertilization on short-term fine root dynamics in a nutrient limited, barrier island dune system. Root length elongation and mortality rates followed expected …

Modeling A Spring Wheat Crop Under Elevated Co2 And Drought, S. Grossman-Clarke, P. J. Pinter Jr., T. Kartschall, B. A. Kimball, D. J. Hunsaker, G. W. Wall, R. L. Garcia, R. L. Lamorte

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

• The simulation model DEMETER was used here to investigate which mechanisms led to a larger CO₂ effect on biomass production and yield of a spring wheat crop under drought compared with unlimited water supply.

• Field data of the free-air CO₂enrichment (FACE) wheat experiments in Arizona (1993–94) were used to test the model. The influence of a particular mechanism leading to a higher CO₂effect under drought was investigated by eliminating the influence of the other causes on the simulation results on selected days during the growing seasons.

• A larger CO₂effect under …

Contributions Of Genetic Drift And Negative Selection On The Evolution Of Three Strains Of Wheat Streak Mosaic Tritimovirus, I.-R. Choi, J.S. Hall, M. Henry, Lingyu Zhang, G. L. Hein, Roy C. French, D.C. Stenger

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Genome sequences of three Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) strains were compared. The Type and Sidney 81 strains of WSMV from the American Great Plains were closely related, with sequence identities of 97.6% (nucleotide) and 98.7% (amino acid). In contrast, the El Batán 3 strain from central Mexico was divergent, and shared only 79.2–79.3% (nucleotide) and 90.3–90.5% (amino acid) sequence identity with Type and Sidney 81. All threeWSMVstrains were serologically related, however the El Batán 3 capsid protein (CP) had 15 fewer amino acid residues. Phylogenetic analysis of the CP cistron indicated that Type, Sidney 81, and nine other American …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 33, No.1 March 2001

The Prairie Naturalist

VEGETATION STRUCTURE AND INVERTEBRATE BIOMASS OF CONVENTIONAL AND SUSTAINABLE SORGHUM FIELDS IN KANSAS ▪ R. J. Robel and C Xiong

MONTHLY OPEN-WATER BOTTOM TRAWLING AT TWO SOUTH DAKOTA LAKES ▪ B. G. Blackwell and M. L. Brown

WINTER SURVIVAL AND HOME RANGE OF FEMALE RING-NECKED PHEASANT IN RELATION TO FOOD' PLOTS ▪ A E. Gabbert, J. R. Purvis, L. D. Flake, and A P. Leif

THIRD BREEDING RECORD OF BLUE GROSBEAK IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ K. H. Haas and C A Haas

EVIDENCE OF AMERICAN WOODCOCK NESTING IN SOUTHEASTERN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ F. Y Sargeant and G. A Sargeant

BOOK …

Plant-Derived Oils Reduce Pathogens And Gaseous Emissions From Stored Cattle Waste, Vincent H. Varel, Daniel N. Miller

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Carvacrol and thymol in combination at 6.7 mM each completely inhibited the production of short-chain volatile fatty acids and lactate from cattle waste in anoxic flasks over 23 days. Fecal coliforms were reduced from 4.6 x 10⁶ to 2.0 x 10³ cells per ml 2 days after treatment and were nondetectable within 4 days. Total anaerobic bacteria were reduced from 8.4 x 10¹⁰ to 1.5 x 10⁷ cells per ml after 2 days and continued to be suppressed to that level after 14 days. If the concentration of carvacrol or thymol were doubled (13.3 mM), either …

Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean Cultivar Yields Compared With Sister Lines, Roger Wesley Elmore, Fred W. Roeth, Lenis Alton Nelson, Charles A. Shapiro, Robert N. Klein, Stevan Z. Knezevic, Alex Martin

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Herbicide-resistant crops like glyphosate resistant (GR) soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are gaining acceptance in U.S. cropping systems. Comparisons from cultivar performance trials suggest a yield suppression may exist with GR soybean. Yield suppressions may result from either cultivar genetic differentials, the GR gene/gene insertion process, or glyphosate. Grain yield of GR is probably not affected by glyphosate. Yield suppression due to the GR gene or its insertion process (GR effect) has not been reported. We conducted a field experiment at four Nebraska locations in 2 yr to evaluate the GR effect on soybean yield. Five backcross-derived pairs of …

Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean Cultivar Yields Compared With Sister Lines, Roger Wesley Elmore, Fred W. Roeth, Lenis Alton Nelson, Charles A. Shapiro, Robert N. Klein, Stevan Z. Knezevic, Alex Martin

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Herbicide-resistant crops like glyphosate resistant (GR) soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are gaining acceptance in U.S. cropping systems. Comparisons from cultivar performance trials suggest a yield suppression may exist with GR soybean. Yield suppressions may result from either cultivar genetic differentials, the GR gene/gene insertion process, or glyphosate. Grain yield of GR is probably not affected by glyphosate. Yield suppression due to the GR gene or its insertion process (GR effect) has not been reported. We conducted a field experiment at four Nebraska locations in 2 yr to evaluate the GR effect on soybean yield. Five backcross-derived pairs of …

Am-Pm Cutting Of Alfalfa, Garry D. Lacefield, Michael Collins, Jimmy C. Henning

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Over the past twenty years of this Conference we have spent considerable time discussing "Alfalfa Harvest Management." We have discussed the importance of stage of maturity and its impact on quality on many occasions. We have presented research on many aspects of hay and haylage management. An overall theme for all the discussions has been "harvest for quality," with emphasis on saving the leaves during the entire harvesting process. Our recommendations have, are, and will continue to be centered around those management practices that will result in the greatest opportunity for preserving alfalfa quality from standing crop to feeding. This …

Crop Updates 2001 - Lupins, Mark Sweetingham, Beven J. Buirchell, Bob French, Laurie Wahlsten, Janet Wtoth, Kirsty Bayliss, Wallace Cowling, R. F. Brennan, Miles Dracup, Nick Galwey, Bob Thomsom, Moin Salam, Art Diggle, Geoff Thomas, Bill O'Neill, Debbie Thackray, Kevin Walden, M. Shankar, Dominie Wright, Nichole Burges, Hu'aan Yang, Ming Pei You, David Bowran, Abul Hashem, Nerys Wilkins, Aik Cheam, Terry Piper, Paul Blackwell, Miles Obst, Andrew Sandison, Cameron Weeks, Erin Hasson, Luigi Moreschi, Brett Glencross, Jon Clements, Miles Dracup, Ramon Hall, Stuart Johnson, Madeleine Ball, Sofia Sipsas, David Petterson

Crop Updates

This session covers twenty six papers from different authors:

INTRODUCTION,

1. Introduction, Dr Mark Sweetingham LUPIN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT, Agriculture Western Australia

VARIETIES

2. Lupin variety performance: Are you making the most of it? Bevan J. Buirchell, Agriculture Western Australia

3. Adaption of restricted-branching lupins in Western Australia, Bob French and Laurie Wahlsten, Agriculture Western Australia

4. Isolated microspore culture of lupin for production of doubled haploids, Dr Janet Wroth, Dr Kirsty Bayliss and A/Prof. Wallace Cowling, Plant Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia

NUTRITION

5. Banding manganese fertiliser below the seed increases seed …

Crop Updates 2001 - Weeds, Vanessa Stewart, David Bowran, Alexandra Wallace, Bill Roy, Peter Newman, Cameron Weeks, Tony Blake, Dave Nicholson, Clinton Revell, Candy Hudson, Abul Hashem, Nerys Wilkins, Terry Piper, Aik Cheam, Amanda Ellery, Ross Chapman, Sally Peltzert, Robert Barrett-Lennard, Marta Monjardino, David Pannell, Stephen Powles, Rick Llewellyn, Paul Blackwell, Maurice Black, Miles Obst, Mike Collins, Julie Roche, Harmohinder S. Dhammu, Siew Lee, Mario D'Antuono, Ian Rose, Diana Fedorenko, Clayton Butterly, Stuart Mcalpine, Keith Devenish, John Moore, Paul Matson, Shannon Barraclough, Lionel Martin, Mike Clarke, Jonas Hodgson, Lawrence Price, Craig Brown, Gordon Cumming, Bill Crabtree, Jenny Hawkes, Roger Jones

Crop Updates

This session covers forty six papers from different authors:

1. INTRODUCTION, Vanessa Stewart, Agriculture Western Australia

PLENARY

2. Wild radish – the implications for our rotations, David Bowran, Centre for Cropping Systems

INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT

IWM system studies/demonstration sites

3. Integrated weed management: Cadoux, Alexandra Wallace, Agriculture Western Australia

4. A system approach to managing resistant ryegrass, Bill Roy, Agricultural Consulting and Research Services Pty Ltd, York

5. Long term herbicide resistance demonstration, Peter Newman, Agriculture Western Australia, Cameron Weeks, Tony Blake and Dave Nicholson

6. Integrated weed management: Katanning, Alexandra Wallace, Agriculture Western Australia

7. Integrated …

Crop Updates 2001 - Grower Booklet, Graeme Robertson, Jatinderpal Bathal, Cameron Weeks, Kithsiri Jayasena, Rob Loughman, Bill Bowden, Chris Gazey, Ross Brennan, Ian Foster, Q. Knight, Ross Kingwell, S. B. Sharma, S. Kelly, Glen Mcdonald, Kevin Young, Blakely Paynter, Keith Devenish, Abul Hashem, Nerys Wilkins, Terry Piper, Sally Peltzer, Clinton K. Revell, Candy Hudson, Ian Rose, Alexandra Wallace, Paul Blackwell, Miles Obst, David Bowran, Bevan J. Buirchell, Moin U. Salam, Art Diggle, Geoff J. Thomas, Mark W. Sweetingham, Bill O'Neill, Rafiul Alam, Glen Riethmuller, Greg Hamilton, Paul Carmody, G. Walton, B. Macleod, Mark Seymour, Harmohinder Dhammu, D. Nicholson, M. D'Antuono

Crop Updates

1. Strategies for leaf disease management in wheat, Jatinderpal Bhathal¹, Cameron Weeks², Kith Jayasena¹ and Robert Loughman¹, 1Agriculture Western Australia. 2Mingenew-Irwin Group Inc.

2. Burn stubble windrows: to diagnose soil fertility problems, Bill Bowden, Chris Gazey and Ross Brennan, Agriculture Western Australia

3. Rainfall – what happened in 2000 and the prospects for 2001, Ian Foster, Agriculture Western Australia

4. Strategies for leaf disease management in malting barley, K. Jayasena1, Q. Knight2 and R. Loughman1, 1Agriculture Western Australia, 2IAMA Agribusiness

5. Planning your cropping program in season 2001, Dr …

Virulence Of Puccinia Triticina On Wheat In Nebraska During 1997 And 1998, J. E. Watkins, J. Schimelfenig, P. Stephen Baenziger, Kent M. Eskridge

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Urediniospore isolates of Puccinia triticina were obtained from wheat leaf collections made in three wheat-growing regions in Nebraska in 1997 and in four regions in 1998. Using 16 Thatcher lines that are near-isogenic for leaf rust resistance, 17 virulence phenotypes were found among 121 single uredinial isolates in 1997, and 42 virulence phenotypes were found among 178 isolates in 1998. The most prevalent phenotype in 1997 was MDRR (virulent on Lr1, 3, 3ka, 10, 11, 18, 23, 24, and 30). In 1998, virulence phenotypes MDRR and MDRM (virulent on Lr1, 3, 3ka, 10, 11, 23, 24, and 30 …

Use Of Flow Cytometry, Fluorescence Microscopy, And Pcr-Based Techniques To Assess Intraspecific And Interspecific Matings Of Armillaria Species, Mee-Sook Kim, Ned B. Klopfenstein, Geral I. Mcdonald, Kathiravetpillai Arumuganathan, Anne K. Vidaver

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

For assessments of intraspecific mating using flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy, two compatible basidiospore-derived isolates were selected from each of four parental basidiomata of North American Biological Species (NABS) X. The nuclear status in NABS X varied with basidiospore-derived isolates. Nuclei within basidiospore-derived isolates existed as haploids, diploids (doubled haploids), or a mixture of haploids and diploids (doubled haploids). Depending on the nuclear status of the basidiospore-derived lines of NABS X, intraspecifically mated cultures can exist as diploids or tetraploids, and possibly triploids or aneuploids under in vitro conditions. Based on previous in vitro mating studies, seven basidiospore isolates were …

Nebline, February 2001

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

We’re Here When You May Need Us Most! http://lancaster.unl.edu
It's a Hit!
“But I don’t have a computer”
What Does the Future Hold for This Web Site?
Pruning Mature Deciduous Shrubs
2001 All America Selection
Basil for Your Garden
We need your help!
Beginning Beekeeping Classes: Kearney and Omaha
Editors Comment
Prevent Rabbit Damage to Trees and Shrubs
Computerized Financial Recordkeeping
What is Organic? Now We Know
New EPA Regulations
Display Tips for Farmers Markets
Egg Eating by Chickens
Lawn Care Management Focus of March UNL Workshop
It’s Garden Seed Catalog Time
Top Ten List
Healthy Eating
Helping of Holiday …

Predicting Forage Quality In Switchgrass And Big Bluestem, Rob Mitchell, John Fritz, Ken Moore, Lowell E. Moser, Ken Vogel, Daren D. Redfearn, David Wester

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Predicting forage quality would help producers scheduled hay harvesting to obtain desired hay quality. Our objective was to determine if growing degree day (GDD), day of the year (DOY), mean stage count (MSC), and mean stage weight (MSW) could be used to predict in vitro digestible dry matter (IVDDM), crude protein (CP), and neutral-detergent fiber (NDF) of ‘Trailblazer’ switchgrass (Panicum virgatum.) and ‘Pawnee’ big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman) grown in Nebraska and Kansas. This field study was conducted from 1990 to 1993 at Mead, NE on Typic Argiudoll soils and from 1992 to 1993 at Manhattan, KS …

Evaluation Of Gel Filtration Resins For The Removal Of Pcr-Inhibitory Substances From Soils And Sediments, Daniel N. Miller

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

A variety of gel filtration resins (Sephadex G200 and G150; Sepharose 6B, 4B and 2B; Bio-Gel P100, P200; and Toyopearl HW 55, HW 65, and HW 75) were evaluated for their efficacy in removing PCR-inhibitory substances from feedlot soil DNA crude extracts using gravity-flow disposable columns. Sepharose resins demonstrated the best properties for DNA purification when compared to other gel filtration resins, and Sepharose 2B was the most efficient purification resin based upon flow rate and the elution of DNA and humic acids from the columns. A method for purifying large solution volumes of DNA extract economically was also developed …

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Prediction Of Rice Texture From Starch Profiles Measured Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, Hazel Fromm, J. F. Meullenet

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Starch determines a large proportion of the textural properties of cooked rice. The amylose: amylopectin ratio plays a significant role in the functionality of native starch. In this study a medium-grain rice cultivar, ‘Bengal’, was used for starch structure characterization using high performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC). This cultivar is characterized by having lower amylose content (15% to 20%) than long grain cultivars and being sticky when cooked, similar to short-grain cultivars. Rice samples were harvested in 1999 from five locations around Arkansas at state verification trials where cultural practices are closely monitored. Samples of this cultivar stored at a specified …

Abrogation Of Disease Development In Plants Expressing Animal Antiapoptotic Genes, M. B. Dickman, Y. K. Park, T. Oltersdorf, W. Li, T. Clemente, Roy C. French

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

An emerging topic in plant biology is whether plants display analogous elements of mammalian programmed cell death during development and defense against pathogen attack. In many plant– pathogen interactions, plant cell death occurs in both susceptible and resistant host responses. For example, specific recognition responses in plants trigger formation of the hypersensitive response and activation of host defense mechanisms, resulting in restriction of pathogen growth and disease development. Several studies indicate that cell death during hypersensitive response involves activation of a plant-encoded pathway for cell death. Many susceptible interactions also result in host cell death, although it is not clear …

Three Distinct Mechanisms Facilitate Genetic Isolation Of Sympatric Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus Lineages, Jeffrey Hall, Roy C. French, Gary L. Hein, Thomas Jack Morris, Drake Stenger

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Cross-protection and vector transmission bottlenecks have been proposed as mechanisms facilitating genetic isolation of sympatric viral lineages. Molecular markers were used to monitor establishment and resolution of mixed infections with genetically defined strains of wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV). Two closely related WSMV strains from the U.S. (Type and Sidney 81) exhibited reciprocal cross-protection in wheat, confirming this classic phenomenon as a mechanism of genetic isolation. In contrast, cross-protection between either U.S. strain and the divergent El Batan 3 strain from Mexico was unilateral, erratic, and only partially effective. Distribution of WSMV strains within individual leaves of plants supporting a …

Intsormil 2001 Annual Report, John M. Yohe, Thomas Crawford Jr., Joan Frederick, Dorothy Stoner

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Presently, worldwide, more than 800 million people are hungry and over one billion are desperately poor, and food demand is increasing rapidly. The majority of poor live in rural areas in developing countries and agricultural and food systems development is vital to economic growth; improving environmental quality; strengthening nutrition, health and child survival; improving the status of women; and promoting democratization. It is estimated that, between 1980 and 2030, the population ofow- and middle-income countries will more than double-to seven billion, compared with one billion for high-income countries. In the next 35 years, 2.5 billion people will be added to …

1st Lone Star Regional Native Plant Conference, David Creech, Dawn Parish, Matt Welch

Lone Star Regional Native Plant Conference

No abstract provided.

Manure Matters, Volume 7, Number 1, J. P. Harner, T. D. Strahm, D. Key, T. L. Strahm, J.P. Murphy

Manure Matters (newsletter)

Time and motion (TM) studies are useful in determining labor requirement to perform a specific task in manufacturing processes. These studies have been used in the dairy industry to evaluate the labor requirements for various tasks associated with milking routine and milk parlor. Data may be used to evaluate the impact of changes or help in understanding labor requirements. The objective of this project was to determine the labor requirements for removing manure from concrete basins prior to land applications.

Diversity Of Lamium (Lamiceae) In Arkansas, Including Occurrences Of Lamium Hybridum And Flower Color Forms, Jason A. Haley, Daniel L. Marsh

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Remote Estimation Of Vegetation Fraction In Corn Canopies, D. Rundquist, Anatoly A. Gitelson, D. Derry, J. Ramirez, R. Stark, Galina P. Keydan

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

The aim of the paper was to test two new techniques that make use of channels in the visible range of the spectrum only to estimate vegetation fraction in corn canopies. High spectral resolution radiometers were employed to measure spectral reflectance, and the information content of spectra was investigated. Radiances in spectral channels of MODIS and MERIS were used to calculate Visible Atmospherically Resistant Indices, VARI_green=(R_green- R_red)/(R_green+R_red-R_blue) and VARI₇₀₀=(R₇₀₀-1.7*R_red+0.7*R_blue)/(R₇₀₀+2.3*R_red-1.3*R_blue). The indices allowed for estimation …

Pycnothyrium Ultrastructure In Tubakia Dryina [Abstract], Josephine Taylor

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Amaranthus Rudis And A. Tuberculatus, One Species Or Two? [Abstract], Donald B. Pratt, Lynn G. Clark

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Ten Most Exciting Plant Diseases For 2001, Dennis Hinkamp

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.