Digital Commons Network^™

Centrosema Tetragonolobum- A New Tropical Pasture Legume For Acid Soils, R Schultze-Kraft

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

During one of the joint plant exploration missions between CIA T's Tropical Pastures Program and national research institutions which aim at building up a comprehensive inter­national forage germplasm collection for development of acid­soil tolerant cultivars (Schultze-Kraft, 1985), an unknow Cen­trosema species was collected. It is closely related to C. brasili­anum and was recently described as C. tetragonolobum (Schultze-Kraft and Williams, in press). Its natural distribution is restricted to the Orinoco region in Colombia and Venezuela between latitudes 4° and 6° N. At present 12 germplasm accessions are available. They were collected during 1984-86 on acid soils (pH 4.5-5.5) and in …

L’Amatante (Amaranthus Retroflexus L.) Comme Plante Fourragere, L Bosch, F Casanas, A.M.C Verdu

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

L'amarante est une des mauvaises herbes !es plus communes dans nos champs. Elle parvient a etouffer la culture principale si on ne la contr6le pas correctement. Elle a une germination maximale en fin de printemps et en debut d'ete, bien que la ger­mination continue pendant tout l'ete, favorisee par Jes hautes temperatures et la lumiere intense (Baskin et Baskin, 1977). Sa croissance rapide s'explique par le fait qu'il s'agit d'une plante en C-4 specialement efficace pour la captation de CO2 puis­qu'elle a des cloisons cellulaires tres minces (Longstreht et al., 1980). Elle presente aussi une remarquable capacite de repousse apres …

Morpho-Physiological Aspects And Nutritive Value Of Brachiaria Brizantha Cv. Marandu And Heteropogon Sp Affected By The Plants' Age, V. De B.G Alcantara, A.R P. De Almeida, P B. Alcantara, G Braun, E L. Caielli

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Grazing pressure must be related to the pasture potential capacity of recovery. The measurement of leaf area index (LAI) is a way of evaluating that effect. Whatever the management, the main objective will be to allow pasture to reach a high LAI status and its' maintenance (Peterson, 1970). In elephant grass the stem/leaf ratio was used to indicate the dry matter production and indirectly indicates the grazing pressure (Rodrigues, 1984). Present experiment was done to evaluate the evolution of leaf area index (LAI), leaf/stem ratio (L/S), percentages of crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF) and in vitro dry matter digesti­bility …

Genetic Engineering For Pastures, W J. Peacock

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The flrst genetically engineered food products frolll hotticultural production systems are now enlering the Market and field trials of genetically engineered crop species are well advanced. We can expect that a range of crop cultivars, in which genetic engineering is n component of the breeding process, will soon go into broad ncre agriculture. Pasture species are nut far behind. Gene transfer systems are in place for a number of temperate and tropical pasture legumes and even for a few species of more dlrficult grasses. Genetic transfer systems are In place for a numoec of temperate and tropical pastvce legumes and …

N-15 Study Of Nitrogen Uptake By Tall Fescue Throughout A Spring Growth, J Salette, Marie-Laure Decau, Francoise Vertes

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In previous works, nitrogen uptake by a grass sward during regrowth has been studied and modelled (Salette and Lemaire, 1981 ; Lemaire and Salette, 1984). In this study, the use of N- 15 labelled fertilizer allows differentiation of two nitrogen sources for the plant nutrition : soil and fertilizer.

Spring Nitrogen Uptake In Grass Swards In Relation To N Fertilizer Rates And Variation Between Years, J Salette, Marie-Laure Decau, G Lemaire

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Factors Affecting Isotopic Fractionation During Nitrogen Fixation By Pasture Legumes, S F. Ledgard

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The ¹⁵N natural abundance method for measuring N₂ fix­ation by legumes has compared favourably with other methods (reviewed by Shearer and Kohl, 1986). This method is based on the small difference in ¹⁵N abundance between nitrogen (N) derived from N2 fixation and N derived from soil. The pro­portion of legume N fixed from atmospheric N2 (PN) is cal­culated using :

PN = (o¹⁵Nref - o¹⁵N1egume)/(0¹⁵Nref - B)

where o¹⁵N is the per mil ¹⁵N excess over atmospheric N₂ ; ref is a reference plant which obtains all …

La Definition De La Date Optimale De La Premiere Pature De Quelques Especes Et Varietes De Graminees Fourrageres, B Rutkowska, E Lewicka, A Kolakowska

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

La rationalisation du piiturage depend aussi de la date de la piiture, particulierement au printemps, au moment de la pre­miere ou de la deuxieme piiture quand !es tiges floriferes des graminees commencent a se developper (Allerit, 1978 ; Gillet, 1980). On sait que la meilleure periode pour debuter le piiturage se situe lorsque les plantes ont 20-25 cm de hauteur, !es ani­maux mangent mieux et !es pertes par pietinement sont limi­tees. En dehors de cela !es resultats des experiences frarn;aise et suisse (Caputa, 1975; Gillet et al., 1980) montrent qu'a cette hauteur !es jeunes tiges floriferes ont une hauteur de …

Effect Of Nitrogen On Herbage Growth And Intake By Sheep In Continuously Grazed Swards Of Tall Fescue Genotypes, A Mazzanti, G Lemaire, F Gastal

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Relatively little is known about the growth of tall fescue under continuous grazing. Most of reported works about herb­ age production in such a grazing management have been done with perennial ryegrass and with relatively high levels of nitro­ gen fertilisation (Hodgson, 1981 ; Bircham, 1981; Parsons et al., 1983). The effect ot the level N nutrition on growth of a continuously grazing sward has not been yet studied. On intermitently defoliated swards of tall fescue, Gastal & Lemaire (1988) have shown that with non limiting level of N nutrition the increase in dry matter production could be 4 or …

Stand Characteristics Of Irrigated Cocksfoot Regrowth And Leaf Area Increasing, M Duru, A Langlet, S Rouzies

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

For grasses, high leaf area index (LAI) extension rate is necessary to intercept much radiation and to increase the growth rate (Gosse et al., 1986). The LAI extension rate depends on stand status just after the cut : tiller density (Nelson and Zarrough, 1981), residual leaf area and reserves level (Smith, 1974), plant nutrition (nitrogen especially). We study the setting up of LAI for vegetative regrowths according to nitrogen nutrition and different stand status : tiller number and size.

Cinteique De La Croissance Foliarie Et Stolonifere D’Un Peuplement De Digitaria Decumbens Au Cours De La Repousse, P Cruz, G Alexandre, H Baudot

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

II existe en climat tropical un grand nombre de graminees fourrageres de type stolonifere. Parmi elles on retrouve de nom­breuses especes dans des genres tels que Digitaria, Cynodon et Brachiaria lesquels representent a eux seuls une tres grande proportion des surfaces herbageres des pays tropicaux, dont Jes iles de la Carai:be Dans ces especes, la production est le resultat de la croissanc de d��ux ense?1ble�� d'organes, feuilles et stolons, dans des pro­portions qm vanent fortement en fonction du temps de repousse et des saisons (Salette, 1971; Crespo, 1985). Connais­sant Jes differences dans la valeur nutritive de ces organes (Her­rera, 1979) …

Growth And Gas Exchange Of Rhizoma Peanut (Arachis Glabrata Benth.) Subjected To Water Deficit, K A. Albrecht, J M. Bennett, G M. Prine

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Rhizoma peanut (Arachis glabrata Beuth.) is a long lived per­ennial forage legume adapted to well drained soils of Florida and the humid tropics and subtropics that are prone to both long and short term moisture deficits. The nutritive value of rhizoma peanut is similar to that of alfalfa, thus it is an excel­lent supplement to tropical grass pastures. Prine (1983) reported that yields of 11 t/ha are regularly obtained in north­ern Florida and that yield potentials could be greater in areas with longer growing seaso��and well distributed rainfall. The influence of dryught on yield and physiological responses of rhizoma …

Etude Des Deux De La Nutrition Azotee Du Trefle Blanc (Trifolium Repens L.): Activite De La Nitrogenase Et De La Nitrate Reductase, D Schontz, C Robin, A Guckert

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

L'importance des deux voies de la nutrition azotee (assimila­tion de l'azote combine et moleculaire) du trefle blanc n'a ete etudiee qu'en terme de bilans 15N (Haystead et Lowe, 1977). L'objet de cette etude est de suivre la cinetique des activites de la nitrate reductase et de la nitrogenase au cours du cycle de developpement en presence de differentes concentrations en nitrates.

Antioxidant Activity (2-2-Diphenil-1-Picrilhydrazil Radical-Scavenging Assay) And Phytochemicals Of Mimosa Invisa Colla And Mimosa Pigra L. Grown At Different Terrestrial Habitats, Irawati Chaniago, Ryan Budi Setiawan, Ardi, Doni Hariandi, Winda Purnama Sari

Jurnal Kultivasi

Giant false sensitive plants (Mimosa invisa Colla) and giant sensitive plants (Mimosa pigra L.) are invasive plant species in the tropics and native to America. They are widely distributed in different ecosystems and soil types. Apart from being considered woody shrub weeds, these plant species can be used as herbal medicine for their antioxidant activities. An experiment to study the antioxidant activities and phytochemicals of M. invisa and M. pigra grown at 200 m from the coastline and close to the riverbank (riparian abandoned land) was carried out from March to November 2023. Weed leaves were collected as purposive randomized …

A Review On Detection Of Drought Stress In Tea Plants Through Morphological, Physiological, And Biochemical Approaches, Intan Ratna Dewi Anjarsari, Erni Suminar, Nabila Ragil Wiharti

Jurnal Kultivasi

Tea plants (Camellia sinensis) are important commodities with high economic value, but their production is greatly affected by environmental stresses such as drought and extreme temperatures. Global warming in recent years has led to extreme weather events and an increase in the earth's temperature, which also causes drought. Drought stress is one of the most significant abiotic factors affecting crop productivity. However, despite significant progress, there remains a notable gap in research, particularly the lack of integrated studies that combine morphological, physiological, and biochemical indicators for early and precise detection of drought stress in tea plants. To identify and mitigate …

Cluster Analysis To Explore Morphological Variation Of Banana (Musa Spp.): A Case Study In Jember And Lumajang, East Java, Indonesia, Halimatus Sa'diyah, Vega Kartika Sari, Riza Yuli Rusdiana, Achmad Chaqiqotul Khofi

Jurnal Kultivasi

Banana (Musa spp.) is an important horticultural plant with a high variety in Indonesia; yet, knowledge on the morphological characteristics of indigenous bananas in East Java remains inadequate. This research aims to identify the variation and classify banana cultivars in East Java based on morphological character. The exploration was conducted using the accidental sampling method. The observations include 15 qualitative and 9 quantitative characters. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the data, followed by cluster analysis using the average linkage method and Euclidean distance. The exploration resulted in 15 banana cultivars with varying morphology. The cluster analysis shows banana cultivars …

Seed Yield, Fodder Yield And Persistence In White Clover Cvs Of Different Origins. Results Of Trials Conducted At Lodi (Irrigated Po Valley), R Paoletti, C Locattello

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

White clover is the most important pasture legume in many EEC countries (white clover-ryegrass pasture system) and a good component of permanent and rotated polyphytic meadows in North Italy (irrigated Po Valley where the Ladino subspecies developed through self selection). The main char­acteristics of the species are N2 fixation and high nutritional value (quality). Therefore, white clover seed usage in the EEC is expected to still be important in the next decades. A number of performing varieties have recently been developed by EEC Research Institutes. An assessment of their seed production potential is necessary in view of self-sufficiency and consequent …

Effect Of Meta-Topolin And Kinetin At Various Concentrations On Shoot Multiplication In White Turmeric (Curcuma Zedoaria Rosc.), Murgayanti, Annisa Nanda Nur Azizah, Anne Nuraini, Erni Suminar, Syariful Mubarok

Jurnal Kultivasi

White turmeric is a medicinal plant widely used to treat various diseases. The limited availability of white turmeric seedlings is influenced by the scarcity of quality seeds due to the long dormancy of the rhizomes and the high incidence of pathogen attacks. Tissue culture techniques are one alternative to address the problem of white turmeric seedling availability. This study aims to determine the best concentrations of meta-topolin and kinetin for in vitro shoot multiplication of white turmeric. The research was conducted from January to June 2022 at the tissue culture laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. This study used a …

The Interaction Of Nitrogen And Potassium Nutrients In Increasing Growth, Yield, And Quality Of Sweet Corn Products, Risqa Naila Khusna Syarifah, Purwanto, Agus Sarjito, Hana Hanifa, Lafi Na'imatul Bayyinah

Jurnal Kultivasi

Fertilizer application is a strategy that can be used to increase sweet corn production and maintain environmental balance. This research aims (i) to determine the optimal dose of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers for sweet corn production; (ii) to study the agronomic and physiological responses of sweet corn plants at different nitrogen and potassium dose; and (iii) to determine the nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) nutrient uptake and efficiency by sweet corn at different fertilizer doses and their interactions on yield and yield quality. The research was conducted from March to November 2022 in the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. …

The Effect Of Weed Control Using Herbicide On Soil Bacteria, Growth, And Yield Of Sweet Corn, Lafi Na'imatul Bayyinah, Purwanto, Risqa Naila Khusna Syarifah, Rama Adi Pratama, Ida Widiyawati, Hendra

Jurnal Kultivasi

Weeds are managed by herbicides, but this can reduce the abundance of soil bacteria. This research aimed to determine the effect of active compounds of herbicides on weeds, the abundance of soil bacteria, growth and yield of sweet corn. The experiment was conducted from June to October 2023 in the fields and Laboratory of Agronomy and Horticulture, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto. A randomized block design was used, consisting of eight treatments and four replications. The treatments included control (H0); weeding (H1); paraquat (H2); glyphosate (H3); paraquat, atrazine, mesotrione (H4); glyphosate, atrazine, mesotrione (H5); paraquat, atrazine, mesotrione, nicosulfuron (H6); and glyphosate, …

Gamma Sigma Delta, Nebraska Chapter Newsletter, Issue #67 April 2025

Gamma Sigma Delta, Nebraska Chapter: Newsletters

President's message, Deb VanOverbeke

Student awards: Outstanding Junior Lara Arnold, Outstanding Senior Emily Eilers, Graduate Award Caitlin Ross

Dues and membership information

Faculty awards: Research Award Samodha Fernando, Teaching Award Gary Sullivan, Extension Awards Jenny Nixon and Bijesh Maharjan, Award of Merit Mike Boehm

Gamma Sigma Delta committees 2025

Foundation fund information

New members inducted

In memoriam: Dorothy "Dotti" Mott Callahan (May 4, 1942-August 12, 2023); Frank Michael Zoz (November 5, 1936-December 9, 2023); Duane Calvin Acker (March 13, 1931-December 13, 2024); John C. Owens (1944-2024); Duane A. Olson (July 17, 1935-January 5, 2025); Roger W. Mandingo (April 21, 1939-January …

Herbicide Management For Bromus Tectorum To Enhance Rangeland Productivity In Western Nebraska, Miranda Mueller

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Cheatgrass, Bromus tectorum (L.), has increased in the mixed-grass prairies of the Nebraska Panhandle. Limited research is available in these ecosystems on the ecological factors that influences its spread and options for management. This study focuses on the efficacy of herbicide treatments (indaziflam and imazapic) as a cheatgrass control method on the native rangelands of western Nebraska. In September of 2022, a mixture of indaziflam (73 g ai ha^-1, Rejuvra) and imazapic (70 g ai ha^-1, Plateau) was aerially applied at 6 unique upland ecological sites (1-3 ha) near Scottsbluff, Nebraska. Functional group plant biomass data …

Genetic And Soil Influences On The Grapevine Rhizosphere Microbiome, Lauren M. Quackenbush

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

In vineyard cropping systems, the rhizosphere microbiome arises through recruitment and filtering of the bulk soil microbiome shaped over time by soil carbon and nitrogen, climate, pH and historical legacies of vineyard management. The recruitment and filtering steps occur under the genetic influences of rootstock and scion that together drive variability in rhizosphere microbiome diversity and composition.

This study compares rhizosphere microbiomes of four Pinot Noir blocks under two rootstocks (101-14 and 420A) and four scions (777, 828, Calera, Mt. Eden). Core microbiomes were consistent across all replicates. The most abundant bacterial phyla were Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria, and Acidobacteriota …

Automated Plant Morphological Assessment And Microbial Community Monitoring In Simulated Lunar Regolith, Collin R. Topolski

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Upcoming lunar bases will need to leverage in-situ resources to ensure long-term sustainability and reduce mission costs. One key challenge is food production, which could be addressed by growing crops in lunar regolith-based substrates. However, lunar regolith lacks essential nutrients, requiring organic amendments to support continuous plant cultivation. This study examined the impact of manure-amended lunar regolith simulant on Mizuna mustard growth while assessing microbial community diversity and functionality. To support this effort, a custom software pipeline utilizing an open-source library, PlantCV, was developed to automatically track plant leaf area and height via image analysis. Results indicated that amended rhizosphere …

Addressing Agricultural Mulch Challenges In Specialty Crop Production, Caleb David Wehrbein

Dissertations and Doctoral Documents, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–

Agricultural mulches are an essential yield-boosting tool in modern specialty crop production that provide weed suppression, temperature modulation, and moisture conservation functions. Polyethylene plastic mulches are the most widely used agricultural mulch but are not sustainable given their pollutive effect on the environment and challenges associated with recycling. In order to move towards a more sustainable industry, plastic mulch use in agriculture should become more efficient or replaced with more environmentally friendly alternatives. Biodegradable mulches may be a suitable alternative to plastic mulch, but they are often less durable and prematurely degrade in field conditions. Considering this, my dissertation research …

Exploring Biostimulant Efficacy Under Limited Fertilizer And Water In Utah's Watermelon Production, Evan Christensen, Milena Maria Tomaz De Oliveira, Prakriti Nepal, Youping Sun

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

The western U.S. has recently experienced some of the driest conditions on record, and Utah has been in a multi-year drought (2019-2023) that affected the agricultural sector, including vegetable producers. While vegetables are not a primary agricultural crop in Utah, they are still an important part of the horticultural economy with 763 farms growing 6,138 acres. As the fourth largest acreage vegetable crop in Utah (almost 10% of the acreage) watermelon and related crops in the gourd family Cucurbitaceae (nearly 36% of total vegetable acreage) are important to vegetable growers. Watermelon is a water-intensive crop and requires an adequate supply …

Growing South Dakota (Spring 2025), College Of Agriculture, Food And Environmental Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

[Page] 2 Keeping South Dakota's food supply safe
[Page] 6 Controlling environmental listeria
[Page] 8 Inaugural 2+2 vet program class graduates
[Page] 10 Faculty honored for excellence
[Page] 12 New leader for agronomy, horticulture, plant science
[Page] 14 Students spend spring break in South Africa
[Page] 16 Hadacek offers advice to fellow graduates
[Page] 17 Park Interpretation and Management Club starts
[Page] 18 On the front lines with invasive species
[Page] 22 Director Karla Trautman retires
[Page] 24 Helping navigate precision ag
[Page] 26 Growing bigger, better beef
[Page] 28 Jackrabbits Then and Now

Identifying Herbicides To Manage Weeds In A Buckwheat Cover Crop And For The Control Of Volunteers, Taylor Randell-Singleton, Hannah E. Wright-Smith, Lavesta C. Hand, Jenna C. Vance, A. Stanley Culpepper

Horticulture Faculty Publications and Presentations

Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) is a fast-growing plant that quickly produces a dense groundcover. The utilization of buckwheat as a cover crop in vegetable production could be beneficial to Georgia producers, however for successful adoption, weed control in the cover crop coupled with control of buckwheat volunteers must be achievable. A preemergence (PRE) and a postemergence (POST) experiment were each conducted three times in Ty Ty, GA (2020-2021) addressing these objectives. In the PRE study, acetochlor at 0.56 lb ai acre(-1) injured buckwheat up to 16% without negatively influencing growth, suggesting potential for use in buckwheat for weed control. Flumioxazin, fomesafen, …

Contrasting Effects Of Climate Warming On Hosts And Parasitoids: Insights From Rocky Mountain Aspen Leaf Miners And Their Parasitoids, Alisha A. Shah, Emily Hamant, Juan G. Rubalcaba, Beau Larkin, Andrew A. Forbes, H. Arthur Woods

Aspen Bibliography

Because temperature has pervasive effects on biological rates, climate warming may alter the outcomes of interactions between insect hosts and their parasitoids, which, for many host species, constitute the single largest source of mortality. Despite growing interest in parasitoid-host responses due to climate change, there are few empirical tests of thermal tolerance differences between non-model lepidopteran hosts and their parasitoids and almost none from mountain ecosystems where warming is occurring more rapidly. We examined the thermal ecology of a host–parasitoid interaction in the Rocky Mountains using the wild populations of the aspen leaf miner (Phyllocnistis populiella) and a …

Genome And Gwas Analyses For Soybean Cyst Nematode Resistance In Usda World-Wide Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris) Germplasm, Ainong Shi, Haizheng Xiong, Thomas E. Michaels, Senyu Chen

Horticulture Faculty Publications and Presentations

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, has become a significant threat in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) production, particularly in regions like the upper Midwest USA. Host genetic resistance offers an effective and environmentally friendly approach to managing SCN. This study aimed to conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and genomic prediction for resistance to SCN HG Types 7 (race 6), 2.5.7 (race 5), and 1.3.6.7 (race 14) using 0.7 million whole-genome resequencing-generated SNPs in 354 USDA worldwide common bean germplasm accessions. Among these, 26 lines exhibited resistance to all three HG types, with a female index (FI) of less than …