Digital Commons Network^™

The Long Road To Developing Native Herbaceous Summer Forage Legume Ecotypes, James P. Muir, T. J. Butler, W. R. Ocumpaugh

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Only a handful of well-adapted herbaceous summer forage legumes are currently marketed for drier regions of North America and even fewer are true natives. There is a growing demand for native germplasm in the region as a new generation of landowner attempts to return grasslands to a semblance of their original species and diversity. The objective of this paper is to describe preliminary research results of a grasslands team collecting, studying and promulgating native leguminous germplasm in Texas.

Inner Mongolian Herders Move Toward Sustainability And Elevate Their Incomes From Cashmere Goat Production By Reducing Grazing Pressure On Fragile Grasslands, B. P. Fritz, M. Zhao

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Overgrazing, mainly caused by Cashmere goats, is contributing to the desertification of West Erdos fragile grasslands resulting in the threat of extinction of several endangered wild plant species. This transition area between desert and grassland includes some 400,000 ha and some 72 unique, relic and endangered plant species. The area is home to 5,000 inhabitants, mainly subsistent goat farming families and coal mining activity. Industrial land use in the reserve adds additional economic pressure to herders operating on a shrinking land base. This phenomenon has elicited the entrenched, traditional response of producing more livestock thus jeopardizing current levels of production …

Cow-Calf Production On Perennial Pastures In The Central Semi-Arid Region Of Argentina, C. A. Frasinelli, K. Frigerio, J. Martínez Ferrer, J. H. Veneciano

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In cow-calf production systems in San Luis, the annual crops are heavily used (eastern region) or the natural pastures are over-used (western region). Both cases constitute unsustainable systems. In the present study, the possibility of structuring an efficient and stable stockbreeding agroecosystem based exclusively on perennial summer grasses was tested. The objectives were: 1) to test a cow-calf production system based on perennial pastures: Digitaria (Digitaria eriantha Steudel subsp. eriantha cv Irene), without protein supplement during winter, and 2) to determine the physical and economical efficiency of the production system and sustainability of such indicators in the short-term (6 …

Snp Discovery And Haplotypic Variation In Full-Length Herbage Quality Genes Of Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.), R. C. Ponting, M. C. Drayton, N. O. I. Cogan, G. C. Spangenberg, K. F. Smith, J. W. Forster

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The development of forages with enhanced nutritive value through improvements of herbage quality (digestibility, carbohydrate content) is potentially capable of increasing both meat and milk production by up to 25%. However, the expense and time-consuming nature of the relevant biochemical and biophysical assays has limited breeding improvement for forage quality. The development of accurate high-throughput molecular marker-based selection systems such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) permits evaluation of genetic variation and selection of favourable variants to accelerate the production of elite new varieties.

Effect Of Urea-Treated Pennisetum Pedicellatum And Supplementation Of Concentrates With Urea On Milk Production Of "Mossi" Ewes, V. M. C. Bougouma-Yameogo, A. J. Nianogo

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The "Mossi" sheep is a near parent of "Djallonke" sheep that live in sudano-sahelian area of Burkina Faso. However, there are few available results on dairy production from this breed. The treatment of straw with urea is a technique used in several developing countries to improve the nutritional value of gramineous forages (Sourabié et al., 1995). The aim of this study was to test the influence on the performance of "Mossi" ewes and on milk composition of treatment of Pennisetum pedicellatum (Pp) with urea in comparison with addition of urea to the concentrate feed.

Germplasm Collection And Dry Matter Production Of Mongolian Forage Plants, D. Tsogoo, Sh. Batsukh

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Mongolian rangelands harbour 564 genera, 128 families and 2,823 species of plants (Gubanov, 1996). Approximately 600 species can be used as forage plants (Yunatov, 1968). There are 5 to 6 species of perennial forage plants that are unique to Mongolia and the country has a domestic cultivar "Burgaltai" of lucerne. This paper provides the results of a study on vegetative and seed yield of germplasm collected from naturally occurring forage plants during 1976-2003. To date, seeds have been collected and are involved in the experimental work from approximately 70 percent of forage plants available at the forage plant …

Detection Of A Diverse Endophyte Assemblage Within Fungal Communities Associated With The Arundo Leaf Miner, Lasioptera Donacis (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), Marie-Claude Bon, John A. Goolsby, Guy Mercadier, Fatiha Guermache, Javid Kashef, Massimo Cristofaro, Ann T. Vacek, Alan Kirk

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

The larvae of Lasioptera donacis Coutin feed on fungal communities lining galleries within the mesophyll of leaf sheaths of Arundo donax in an aggregative manner. It has been stated that L. donacis could have established a fundamental symbiotic relationship with one fungus, although the fungal composition of these communities remains unsettled. Using a culture-dependent approach and ITS sequencing, the present work characterizes and compares the fungal communities associated with L. donacis in Eurasia with the endophytes of A. donax in Texas where L. donacis is absent. The 65 cultivable isolates obtained from L. donacis fungal communities were sorted into 15 …

The Feasibility Of Autoclave-Assisted Water Soluble Carbohydrate Extraction To Distinguish Annual Ryegrass Genotypes At The Seedling Stage, L. P. Passos, F. B. De Sousa, A. Mittelmann, M. C. Vidigal, I. G. Perry, L. O. Cruz, J. A. Magalhães

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) swards are being used increasingly in Southern Brazil as animal forage (Carvalho et al., 2001). As observed elsewhere, reduced forage availability and quality during dry or cold seasons often limits the efficacy of pasture utilisation. As reported by Meissner et al. (1992), this demands breeding efforts to improve forage nutritive value. However, lack of concurrent examination of large number of samples for important nutritional parameters, like water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) levels, which could lead to more precise selection strategies, is a common constraint of those programs. This study aimed to verify the suitability …

Variability And Correlations Of Some Investigated Traits Of Perennial Ryegrass Populations, D. Sokolovic, S. Ignjatovic, Z. Tomic

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) is one of the most important perennial forage grasses for temperate climates. It is a highly productive grass with the highest nutritive value (Sokolovi et al., 2002). In Serbia, breeders have developed perennial ryegrass cultivars with high stabile yield and quality with different times of maturity and resistance to drought and frost. The initial breeding material were usually wild populations (Charmet et. al., 1996) with high variability and adaptability. These characteristics lend themselves for selection of superior genotypes. But breeding for some important agronomic traits may influence others. This relationship between traits …

Cattle Production From Native Pastures In The Semi-Humid Grasslands Of Uganda, S. Okello, Elly N. Sabiiti

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The cattle population of Uganda, estimated at 6 million, consists of more than 95% indigenous stock, raised on the semi-arid and semi-humid grasslands that make up 48% of the total land area and which supply over 85% of the marketed milk and meat. Native grassland pastures, which vary seasonal in quantity and quality due to rainfall and temperature variations, are the sole feed resource for cattle (Mbuza et al., 1992). This study examined the effects of seasonal herbage mass (HM), dietary crude protein (CP_d), detergent lignin (ADL_d) and digestibility (DiG) on body condition scores of …

The Seasonal Botanical Composition, Calcium And Phosphorus Content Of Kikuyu Oversown With Ryegrass And Clover, Philip R. Botha, Robin Meeske, Hennie A. Snyman

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum) is one of the major grasses used for summer and autumn grazing in the Southern Cape coast area of South Africa. Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum spp.), perennial white (Trifolium repens) and red clover (Trifolium pratense) can be incorporated into an existing kikuyu stand to improve pasture quality and spring production. The aim of this study was to determine the persistence of these species and effects on the calcium and phosphorus content of kikuyu (K), kikuyu oversown with annual ryegrass (KR), kikuyu oversown with a mixture of perennial ryegrass (L. …

Variability In Quantity And Composition Of Water Soluble Carbohydrates Among Irish Accessions And European Varieties Of Perennial Ryegrass, S. Mcgrath, S. Barth, A. Frohlich, M. Francioso, S. A. Lamorte, T. R. Hodkinson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The objective of this study was to identify perennial ryegrass accessions displaying high fructose and glucose contents and an improved ratio between fructose and glucose fractions across different time points throughout the year. Fructose and glucose are the main constituents of the water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) fraction in perennial ryegrass. For animal nutrition the amount of WSC is crucial as it is the primary energy source available to metabolise the intake of plant protein. The ratio between fructose and glucose fractions is important since fructosan chains, which are an excellent energy source for ruminants, are built from fructose. Furthermore the …

Phenotype X Herbage Allowance Interactions In Reproduction Of First Calf Heifers Grazing Semiarid Rangeland, J. W. Holloway, B. G. Warrington, M. K. Owens

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Cattle are differentially adapted to nutritional environments. The most sensitive measure of adaptation is reproduction of first-calf heifers. We studied the role of maturation rate and milk production on reproductive performance of first-calf heifers allowed different levels of herbage in semiarid rangeland.

The Impact Of The Level Of Feed-On-Offer Available To Merino Ewes During Winter-Spring On The Wool Production Of Their Progeny As Adults, Chris Oldham, M. Ferguson, B. Paganoni, A. Thompson, G. Kearney, M. A. Van Burgel

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

New opportunities for developing optimum ewe management systems, based on achieving liveweight and body condition score (CS) targets at critical stages of the reproductive cycle, have emerged from the acceptance that nutrition during pregnancy can have substantial impacts on the lifetime wool performance of the progeny (Kelly et al,. 1996). However, most studies of the impacts of nutrition on foetal growth and development tended to focus on late pregnancy and have also only considered extreme nutritional regimes often outside the boundaries of commercial reality. Hence, the Lifetime Wool team (Thompson & Oldham, 2004) conducted dose-response experiments to determine the …

Effects Of Forage Chicory (Cichorium Intybus) On Farmed Deer Growth And Internal Parasitism, S. O. Hoskin, P. R. Wilson, W. E. Pomroy, T. N. Barry

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Internal parasitism (particularly lungworm - Dictyocaulus sp) significantly limits post-weaning growth of deer. Endoparasite control using anthelmintics may be unsustainable, due to the increasing risk of anthelmintic resistance and the risk or perception of chemical residues in animal products. Chicory has a high feeding value and contains sesquiterpene lactones and low levels of condensed tannins, both with anti-parasitic activity (Molan et al., 2003). Grazing chicory during autumn may reduce the requirement for anthelmintic treatment of young deer compared with grazing ryegrass-based pasture (Hoskin et al., 1999). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of withholding …

Fusarium Species Structure In Nebraska Corn, Yuchu Ma

Department of Food Science and Technology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Fusarium species are known to infect corn and cause significant yield losses and mycotoxin contamination worldwide. In this study, we investigated the diversity of Fusarium species infecting corn in Nebraska and their potential to produce fumonisins and trichothecenes. A total of 259 Fusarium isolates were collected from different corn tissues (ear, stalk, and root), revealing a significant association between the various Fusarium species complexes and different plant parts (p < 0.05). Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC) was the most widespread and abundant, followed by the Fusarium sambucinum (FSAMSC) and Fusarium fujikuroi species complexes (FFSC). In the subsequent analysis, we investigated the mycotoxin …

Effect Of Npk Fertilizer Dose And Ga3 Concentration On Growth, Yield, And Yield Quality Of Coix Lacryma-Jobi L. Var. Ma-Yuen From Ratoons, Tati Nurmala, Falih Ijlal Septian, Agus Wahyudin, Fiky Yulianto Wicaksono

Jurnal Kultivasi

Salah satu jenis serealia yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber pangan alternatif adalah hanjeli (Coix lacryma-jobi L.). Tanaman hanjeli masih memiliki banyak kendala yaitu produktivitasnya masih rendah di Indonesia serta umurnya yang lama. Peratunan memiliki beberapa keuntungan diantaranya yaitu mengurangi biaya produksi, umurnya relatif lebih pendek dibandingkan tanaman utama, dan kebutuhan air lebih sedikit. Pemupukan dan pengaplikasian hormon giberelin diharapkan mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi hanjeli. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui interaksi pupuk NPK dan giberelin (GA3) terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman ratun hanjeli pulut. Percobaan ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat pada …

Soil Nutrient And Invertase-Producing Bacteria Relation Impact On Cilembu Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.) Growth: A Study Based On Upland And Wetland Cultivation In Cilembu Village Sumedang District, Eso Solihin, Syaiful Anwar, Dwi Andreas Santoso, Budi Nugroho, Purwono, Rija Sudirja, Haris Maulana, Nadia Nuraniya Kamaluddin, Agung Karuniawan

Jurnal Kultivasi

Environment is one important factors that must be considered in supporting sweet potato productivity. Environmental factors can be biotic and abiotic, including the availability of nutrients and microbes in the soil. This study aimed to identify the nutrient content of the soil in paddy fields and dry fields, identify the total invertase microorganisms in paddy fields and dry fields, and identify the relationship between soil nutrients and microorganisms during the growth of Cilembu sweet potato in dry and paddy fields agroecosystems. This research was conducted on dry fields and paddy fields in Cilembu Village, Sumedang Regency. The experimental design used …

Strawberry Ability To Take Up Nitrogen From Compost, Mark Kindred

Student Research Symposium

Strawberries could become a popular crop to grow in the intermountain west. To help promote this crop in organic systems, growers should know what cultivars grow the best on organic fertilizers such as compost. The main nutrient tested was nitrogen. To see how much nitrogen strawberry plants were taking up, we collected the dry weights and chlorophyll measurement at the end of the experiment. In addition, nitrogen content in the plants and in the leachate will be measured.

Effect Of Npk And Bacillus-Coated Npk Fertilizer On Biomass, Nutrient Content In Soil And Nutrient Uptake By Lettuce, Reginawanti Hindersah, Mieke Rochimi Setiawati, Pujawati Suryatmana, Betty Natalie Fitriatin, Fasa Aditya, Gita Bina Nugraha, Rara Rahmatika Risanti, Priyanka Asmiran

Jurnal Kultivasi

The Inoculation of beneficial soil microbes is an effective method for lowering doses of inorganic fertilizers. This study was aimed to observe and compare the effect of doses and formulas of Bacillus-coated NPK (BCN) and conventional NPK fertilizers on biomass, major macro-nutrient in soil and their uptake by shoots of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.); as well as evaluate the potency of BCN for decreasing doses of NPK fertilizers. The greenhouse experiment was set up in a randomized block design with seven treatments and five replications. The treatments included one and a half doses of recommended NPK fertilizer and two BCN …

Phosphate Availability, P-Uptake, Phosphatase, And Yield Of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Affected By Kaolin Based P-Solubilizer And P Fertilizer In Inceptisols, Betty Natalie Fitriatin, Muhammad Nafariz Budiman, Pujawati Suryatmana, Nadia Nuraniya Kamaluddin, Dedi Ruswandi

Jurnal Kultivasi

Inceptisols have problem in phosphate availability. Soil P content is very low available to plants because it is bound by soil colloids. One of the efforts to increase the P nutrient in the soil in a sustainable way by using P-Solubilizers that can dissolve phosphate in the soil so that it is available for plants. The purpose of experiment was to determine the effect of the combination dose of kaolin based P-Solubilizer and P fertilizer for improving P availability, P uptake, phosphatase, and maize yield on Inceptisols. The kaolin-based P-Solubilizer was used a consortium of phosphate solubilizing microbes (PSM) consisting …

Growth Optimization Of White Turmeric (Curcuma Zedoaria) Plantlets With Growth Regulators Gibberellins, Murgayanti, Fenny Dewi Nuroktavianti, Anne Nuraini

Jurnal Kultivasi

The addition of cytokinin to the multiplication of white turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria) seedlings in vitro proved effective in shoot multiplication, but the addition of high cytokinin concentrations could cause stunted shoots and stunted growth. The addition of the hormone gibberellins (GA3) is often used in tissue culture for shoot elongation, so increasing the viability of plantlets. The experiment aims to determine the effect of GA3 and obtain the best concentrations of GA3 consisting of 0.50, 1, and 1.5 ppm GA3 on optimizing the growth of zedoary plantlets. The experimental parameters included the number of shoots, roots, leaves, plantlet height, and …

Growth Response Of Not-Ready-To-Distribute Tea (Camellia Sinensis (L) O. Kuntze) Seedlings Due To Application Of Biofertilizer At Various Concentrations And Intervals, Intan Ratna Dewi Anjarsari, Santi Rosniawaty, Johannes Yesse Panggabeaan

Jurnal Kultivasi

The plantation rejuvenation program makes the need for ready-to-distribute tea seedlings getting higher. Meanwhile, the nursery's seedlings are mostly not ready to distribute. This study aimed to determine the response of not-ready-distribute tea seedlings due to the application of biofertilizers at various concentrations and intervals. This experiment was carried out at Gambung Tea and Quinine Research Center Nursery, conducted from December 2021 to February 2022 at an altitude of 1,350 meters above sea level (asl). The experimental method used was a randomized block design with eight treatment combinations, namely: control (no fertilizer); urea fertilizer every two weeks; Biofertilizer 5 mL …

Growth And Yield Pattern Of Microgreen Under Different Types Of Artificial Lighting, Envry Artanti Duidahayu Putri, Hauzan Ariq Musyaffa Fajri, Firstina Iswari, Fadlan Atalla Muhammad, Rossita Fauziah, Rahmat Budiarto

Jurnal Kultivasi

Microgreen is a popular food product that is interesting to study and can be produced in the building with the support of artificial light, especially in terms of smart lights. This study aims to analyze the growth and yield response of red amaranth, red radish, and coriander microgreens under different types of light color treatment from smart lights. The study was conducted in August 2022 at the microgreen culture room, Department of Agronomy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, using a completely randomized design with two factors, namely three levels of plant species and five levels of smart light color. The results showed …

The Effect Of Herbicide Glufosinate Ammonium 150 G/L Dose On Several Weeds And Potatoes (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Yield, Denny Kurniadie, Yayan Sumekar, Chika Valent

Jurnal Kultivasi

In the last three years, potato production in Indonesia fluctuated every year. One of the factors that cause low productivity of potatoes is weed. The presence of weeds in potato planting areas can inhibit plant growth and affect potato yields. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of herbicide glufosinate ammonium 150 g/L to control common weeds in potato plants. This research was conducted in a farmer field in Lebak Muncang Village, Ciwidey District, Bandung Regency, West Java Province. The experimental design used was a randomized block design with six treatments and four replications. Weed control using …

Effect Of Padina Minor Powder Extract As Biostimulant And Black Soldier Fly Fertilizer On Growth And Yield Of Soybean (Glycine Max L. Merrill), Zozy Aneloi Noli, Suwirmen, Julita

Jurnal Kultivasi

Soybean production has not met domestic demand, causing dependence on imported soybeans. Increasing soybean production can be done by giving organic materials such as fertilizer and biostimulants. Applying Padina minor extract as a biostimulant and black soldier fly (BSF) fertilizer can be an alternative to increase the growth and production of soybean. The research aims to determine the effect of Padina minor powder extract, BSF fertilizer, and the combination of Padina minor powder extract and BSF fertilizer on the growth and yield of soybean. This research was carried out from April to July 2021 at the Plant Physiology Laboratory and …

Effectiveness Of Water Hyacinth Compost And N, P, K, S Fertilizer On S-Available, S Uptake, Protein Content, And Yield Of Shallot In Inceptisols From Jatinangor, Emma Trinurani Sofyan, Fajar Akbar Gumelar, Anni Yuniarti, Benny Joy, Fiky Yulianto Wicaksono

Jurnal Kultivasi

. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is a source of organic matter that can be used as compost to improve the soil quality and productivity of shallots. Shallots are horticultural commodities that have various benefits. Inceptisol soils dominate Indonesia, with an area of 37.5% of Indonesia's land area but have low soil fertility. Soil fertility can be increased by optimal fertilization. This experiment aimed to determine the dose of water hyacinth compost and nitrogen (N), phosphor (P), potassium (K), sulfur (S) fertilizer which gave the best effect on increasing available S, S uptake, protein content, and yield of shallots. The experiment …

Total Soluble Solid And Titratable Acidity In Different Fruit Maturation Stages Of Solanum Lycopersicum Cv. Micro-Tom And Its Mutant Iaa9-3 And Iaa9-5, Zulfatunnisa, Syariful Mubarok, Kusumiyati

Jurnal Kultivasi

Fruit development influences the metabolite contents and then its biological activity; however, such report is still limited in tomato IAA9 mutants. This study aims to evaluate total soluble solid and titratable acidity in several stages of fruit maturation of the mutant micro-tom tomato. The experimental method used is the t-test method with three replications and followed by correlation and principal component analysis. The tested genotype were iaa9-3 and iaa9-5 mutants against WT-MT. Pearson correlation analysis showed that iaa9-3 and iaa9-5 produced higher levels of total soluble solid and titratable acidity in different fruit maturity levels; and the increase of flowering …

Gene Discovery And Molecular Dissection Of Lignin Biosynthesis In Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne), A. Lidgett, M. Emmerling, R. Heath, R. Mcinnes, D. Lynch, A. Bartkowski, K. Fulgueras, T. Sawbridge, E. K. Ong, K. F. Smith, A. Mouradov, G. C. Spangenberg

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Lignification of plant cell walls has been identified as a major factor limiting forage digestibility. It limits the amount of digestible energy available to livestock, resulting in an incomplete utilisation of cellulose and hemicellulose by ruminant animals. Modification of the lignin profile of ryegrasses (Lolium spp.) and fescues (Festuca spp.) is undertaken through modulating the expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of monolignols.

Pestfacts Wa Issue 01 - April 2023, Cindy L. Webster, Svetlana Micic, Janette Pratt, Jean Galloway, Adam H. Sparks

PestFacts WA

PestFacts WA newsletter contents:

• Now is the time bait snails
• Black Portugue Millipedes
• Green bridge surveillance findings
• 2023 autumn winter insecticide spray guide is now available
• Pre-season climate and insect webinars are available online
• Canola blackleg risk forecasts
• Managing Ascochyta blight chickpea at seeding