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Wild Oats In W.A, J G. Paterson

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

A summary of background information, recent research findings and current recommendations for the control of wild oats in Western Australia.

The Mediterranean White Lupin, John Sylvester Gladstones

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

"If you want to bring in a good lupin harvest, thrash your wife soundly before you go out sowing in the field". Old Syrian Proverb.

Lupin breeder Dr. John Gladstones does not beat his wife as recommended in the Syrian proverb above. Nor is he known to use ground up lupin seeds for the diverse cosmetic and medicinal purposes recommended in ancient Roman and other texts on lupins.

But his modern work on lupin breeding and development has undoubtedly been influenced by his detailed study of such writings.

In this article he discusses the history of the Mediterranean white lupin …

Subterranean Clover In W.A. 2. Characteristics Required For Agronomic Success, C M. Francis, B. J. Quinlivan, N. J. Halse, D. A. Nicholas

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Development of subterranean clover varieties is a rapidly changing scene, particularly in terms of farmer acceptance, disease and persistency problems. This is only to be expected, because this is an agricultural plant of only some 50 to 70 years standing, whereas many other pasture plants have been in common use for thousands of years.

The Cork Oak, S R J Newton

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The oak or Querus genus embraces about 450 species which are generally restricted to the cool temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Commercial cork is the over-abundant suberous tissue or bark from two rather unique members of the Querus genus, namely Q. suber and Q. occidentalis.

A lthough Western Australia has a most suitable climate for growing cork trees the potential of a local cork growing industry is severely limited.

Prospects For Control Of Phytopathogenic Bacteria By Bacteriophages And Bacteriocins, Anne K. Vidaver

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The last review on bacteriophages and bacteriocins of phytopathogenic bacteria was that of Okabe & Goto (98). All but one (21) of the subsequent reviews (II, 12, 60, 94, 104) have dealt primarily with viruses and bacteriocins of bacteria other than phytopathogens. The most recent microbiological compendia that in­ clude bacteriophages and bacteriocins are of limited value for phytobacteriolo­ gists because the authors generally overlook or ignore such agents (29, 47, 77, 119). However, Adam's classic .book (4), the review by Bradley (II), and the bibliography of Raettig (102) are still of value to phytobacteriologists as are reviews dealing principally …

Anatomical Observations On Floating Leaves, Robert B. Kaul

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

An examination of 24 genera of aquatic plants having floating leaves and leaf-like thalli has been made. Functional stomata occur on the adaxial sides of floating leaves of angiosperms and some ferns, and in some floating leaves there are stomata on the abaxial surface as well. Most floating leaves have prominently chambered mesophyll, and in some instances the chambers are locally enlarged and form buoys.

Influence Of Previous Liming, N And P Fertilization Of An Oxisol On Grain Yield In Navy Beans, H. O. Mongi, A. P. Uriyo

Tanzania Journal of Science

A field study was initiated towards the end of the 1973 rain season to assess some residual effects of lime, N and P applications to a moderately acid Oxisol (initial pH 5.6; LR 10 tons/ha) on grain yield in navy beans, Phaseolus vulgaris L., grown soon following maize silage. The Oxisol was a sandy clay loam (35:13:52). The design was a split-plot, confounded factorial with 4 levels of lime at 0, 7.5, 10.0 and 12.5 tons agricultural lime/ha; N at 0, 100, 200 and 300 kg N/ha as ammonium sulphate; and P at 0, 40, 80 and 120 kg P/ha …

A Preliminary Survey Of The Vascular Flora Of Upper Tygarts Creek, Carter County, Kentucky, William Michael Huffaker

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the School of Sciences and Mathematics at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biology by William Michael Huffaker on July 23, 1975.

Measurement Of Transpiration In Pinus Teada L. And Liquidambar Styraciflua L. In A Closed Environment Growth Chamber Using Tritiated Water, Jean K. Czoch

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Transpiration rates of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and sweetgum (Liguidambar styraciflua L.) were measured at two different water vapor pressure deficits (V.P.D.) in a controlled environment growth chamber using tritiated water as a tracer. The trees were maintained in a sealed plant bed containing a hydroponic nutrient solution. Samples of leaves, chamber air, spiked nutrient and control solutions were assayed for activity using liquid scintillation techniques. The transpiration rate of sweetgum (4.95 ml/hr/gm) was found to be 5 times greater than that of loblolly pine (1.03 ml/hr/gm) at the lower V.P.D. and 8 times greater at …

An Iteration Formula For Finding Roots Of Equations, R. W. P. Masenge

Tanzania Journal of Science

We seek the roots of the equation f(x) = 0.

The Doublegee Problem In Western Australia, D J. Gilbey

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Doublegee is native to South Africa and is now naturalised as a serious weed of crops and pastures throughout the temperate areas of Australia.

Doublegee was introduced for cultivation as a vegetable by English migrants to the Swan River Colony in 1830, and a bed of doublegees is known to have been sown at Mr. J. Phillips' property on the Canning River in 1833. However, the plant soon became a troublesome weed and its name was changed from Cape spinach to Tanner's curse and later to doublegee.

More than 180 doublegee seedlings per square metre have been counted in a …

Peanuts For The Ord, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Peanuts were extensively tested in experiments on the Ord River in the early 1950s, but it is only recently that varieties better adapted to heavier soils have re-opened prospects of commercial production.

The new varieties remain dormant after maturity and an irrigation just before harvesting allows the crop to be lifted with the soil friable enough to reduce harvesting losses and the amount of soil sticking to the kernels.

These varieties have been extensively tested in Department of Agriculture trials at Kimberley Research Station since 1958, and preliminary recommendations for crop production and pest and disease control have been formulated.

Kenaf : A Possible Multi-Purpose Crop For The Ord River Irrigation Area, I M. Wood

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Kenaf is a tropical crop which shows promise for use in paper pulp, oil and protein production; the young growth is a nutritious animal feed.

It has proved a highly productive crop in the Ord River Irrigation area, raising speculation about its possible use as a commercial crop there. In this article a CSIRO research worker describes the properties of kenaf and reviews research results with the crop on the Ord

Docks In Western Australia, J M. Allen

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

A survey carried out by the Department of Agriculture has shown that docks are the most serious weed of the higher rainfall areas of Western Australia. They are estimated to cost farmers $400 000 annually in lost production. One of the main reasons why they are important weeds is that they regenerate rapidly from tubers and compete with desirable annual pasture species. Also the upright dock flowering stems are woody and unpalatable. Individual plants become intertwined and deter stock from grazing summer pastures.

Results from the survey of the dock problem are given in this article. The findings show that …

Aquatic Plant Communities Of Vermilion County, Illinois, John A. Wiedman

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Ipomoea Carnea Jacq. (Convolvulaceae) In Costa Rica, Kathleen H. Keeler

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

This is the first report of Ipomoea carnea (Convolvulaceae) from lowland Costa Rica. These populations are unusual for the species in flower color, flowering season and pollinator. Other aspects of the biology of the species in Guanacaste, especially pollination, flower robbing and extrafloral nectary visitors, are discussed.

An Investigation Of Infection Mechanisms Of Arceuthobium Campylopodum, Annabella Jaramillo Garcia

Dissertations and Theses

Wound periderm is formed by Juniperus occidentalis and Calocedrus decurrens in resistance to infection by the dwarf mistletoe Arceuthobium campylopodum. The pattern of wound periderm formation suggests that chemical as well as mechanical factors are involved. The concentration of hydrolases in the radicular apex of the parasite suggests that they may facilitate the penetration process by which dwarf mistletoes infect their hosts. Emzymatic assistance may also provide a partial explanation for the specificity with which dwarf mistletoes are adapted to given hosts. These resistance responses by the the non-host species were compared with the normal infection process Pinus ponderosa …

Implications For Microtubule Mediated Ethylene Effects In Pea Stem Sections, David A. Steen

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The marked effects of ethylene on pea stem growth have been investigated. Low temperature mid colchicine. both known microtubule depolymerization agents, reverse the effects of ethylene in straight growth tests. Low temperature (6 C) also profoundly reduces the effects of the gas in terms of swelling, hook curvature, and horizontal nutation. Electron microscopy shows that microtubules are reoriented after treatment with ethylene for as little as 12 hours. The findings indicate that some of the ethylene responses may be due to a stabilizing effect on microtubules in plant cells.

Lysimetric Calibration Of The Bowen Ratio-Energy Balance Method For Evapotranspiration Estimation In The Central Great Plains, Blaine L. Blad, Norman J. Rosenberg

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Most reports show good agreement between evapotranspiration (ET) rates estimated by Bowen Ratio-Energy Balance (BREB) method and rates measured with lysimeters, although underestimation by the BREB model has occasionally been reported. This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of the BREB technique in the climatic conditions characteristic of the central Great Plains, a region where a significant proportion of the energy consumed by evapotranspiration is supplied from advected sensible heat.

Agreement between the BREB method and lysimetric measurements of ET is good during non-advective periods but during advective periods the BREB model underestimates ET by about 20%. Data collected …

A Mode Of Action Of Herbicides: Inhibition Of The Normal Process Of Nitrite Reduction, Lowell Klepper

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Herbicides were shown to interfere in the normal process of enzymatic nitrite reduction by the plant in photosynthetic and nonphotosynthetic plant tissues with little effect on nitrate reduction. This preferential inhibition caused nitrite to accumulate. The occurrence of free nitrite within the plant can help to explain the toxicity symptoms, nastic growth reactions, abnormal metabolism and rapid death due to herbicide action. This blockage of nitrite reduction was shown with all photosynthetic inhibitor herbicides tested and with numerous other herbicides. The effect was demonstrated using an in vivo assay, intact green plants and germinating seedlings. A basic in vivo method …

Pasture Seeds : Production Techniques And The Future Market Situation, B J. Quinlivan

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Like other farming and grazing industries, pasture seed production has its share of booms and slumps —perhaps more than its share. In Western Australia, the industry reached a high point during the mid-1960's when land development along the south and west coastal districts was at its height.

The drought year of 1969 and the subsequent rural depression saw pasture seed production fall to its lowest level for ten years and it is only in the last 12 months that there has been a revival.

With the sudden upsurge of interest last summer there will be many potential seed producers now …

Megasporogenesis And Early Embryogeny Of Sanguinaria Canadensis L. (Bloodroot), Stephen R. Foor

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Seed Germination In Ginkgo Biloba L. I. Influences Of Cold Treatment, Gibberellic Acid And Red Light, Michael I. Johnson, James L. Wickliff

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The influences of cold treatment, gibberellic acid and red light treatment on rate of germination of seeds of Ginkgo biloba L. were followed for a 12-wk period. Dispersal units were collected, and the outer fleshy layer was removed soon after harvest. Of water-imbibed, non-cold-treated seeds, 50% of those which germinated did so within 11 wk after planting. A single application of red light accelerated the 50% germination time by 3 wk. Imbibition in GA3 solution did not appear to accelerate germination. With 4-wk cold treatment the 50% germination time was accelerated 6 wk in water-imbibed seeds. Both red light and …

Zinc Nutrition Of Rice Plants As Influenced By Seed Germinated In Zinc Solutions, Narsimaha R. Kasireddy, Lyell F. Thompson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

In recent years a physiological disorder of rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings growing in soils high in exchangeable calcium has been diagnosed as zinc deficiency. Calculations show that less than 30 g of zinc is needed to satisfy the nutrition of a hectare of 6-8-wk-old rice plants. Rice seed was soaked and germinated in dilute solutions of zinc ethylenediamine tetraacetate, zinc sulfate and zinc lignosulfonate prior to planting in greenhouse pots containing a zinc-deficient soil. The rice plants grown from the zinc-treated seed produced more growth and sorbed more zinc than rice plants grown from untreated seed.

Tree Ring-Widths In Pinus Ponderosa And Pseudotsuga Menziesii As Indicators Of Past Annual Precipitation, Gerald L. Bliss

All Master's Theses

This paper presents a study designed to determine how well tree ring-widths in Pinus ponderosa and Pseudotsuga menziesii indicate the past annual precipitation in the area of the Rimrock-Tieton Dam, Yakima County, Washington. The study was based on ten trees sampled from a small homogeneous site selected for apparent dryness. A Swedish increment bore was used to extract four cores from each tree. The cores were mounted, dated, measured, and standardized. Linear regression and correlations were used to analyze the data. The results revealed that Pseudotsuga menziesii ring widths are slightly better indicators of the annual precipitation than the ring-widths …

Douglas-Fir Seed Volatile Oils In Seed Detection By Deer Mice, Millard S. Deusen

All Master's Theses

This study investigated the role of the volatile oils of Douglas-fir seeds in olfactory seed detection by deer mice. The removal of these volatile oils from the seed reduces the ability of the deer mice to detect the seeds.

A method is outlined for the removal of the volatile oils from the seeds as well as a method to purify the oils for possible identification and quantification of individual components.

A Comparison Of Two Artificial Substrates In The Determination Of Net Primary Production, Leland C. Faulconer

All Master's Theses

This study was to determine if a significant difference exists between two types of artificial substrates used to measure the growth rate of periphyton in a warm spring. Chlorophyll was used as an indirect measure of biomass in comparing the substrates and estimating net primary production. A semi-quantitative algal survey was done for each of the sites sampled.

The study was carried out for one year and it was demonstrated that there was a statistically significant difference between the two substrates.

A Taxonomic And Distributional Survey Of The Benthic Blue-Green Algal Flora Of The Skokomish River Estuary, Louis J. Boitano

All Master's Theses

This paper presents a taxonomic and distributional survey of the benthic blue-green algal flora within an estuary system. Physical parameters were considered in the seasonal growth and distribution of algal species. A majority of the observed species occur in all habitats of the estuary and are present throughout the year. Seasonal growth rates and distribution are primarily dependent upon light intensity, temperature, salinity, and substrate condition. The largest extent of growth and distribution occurs in the late spring and summer months at which time the abiotic factors are most favorable for the development of benthic algal communities.

Linseed : A Forgotten Crop, M L. Poole, R. J. Guyton, H. M. Fisher

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Linseed has become a forgotten crop in Western Australia. From a peak production of 6 200 tonnes from 12 500 hectares in 1969, and an apparently bright future, it dwindled to a bare 80 tonnes from 250 hectares in 1973.

This article looks at some of the reasons for this decline and, with linseed fetching all-time record prices on world markets, gives reasons why the crop should be grown.

Survival Mechanisms Of Phytopathogenic Bacteria, M. L. Schuster, D. P. Coyne

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Natural habitats usually do not provide bacteria the continuity of agricultural crops. With continuous culture. perpetuation of pathogen is no problem. Although agricul­ tural practices provide some discontinuity between crops. it is less than that in nature. Uniformity of crop germ plasm also favors inoculum buildup and perhaps perpetuation of the pathogens.