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In Situ Observations Of Thermal Ions In Perturbed Ionospheres: Techniques And Results, Magdalina Louise Moses

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Prediction and mitigation of space weather events are active research topics that require knowledge of the physics governing the ionosphere. Sounding rockets can be used to make in situ observations. The Lynch Rocket Lab created the Petite-Ion-Probe (PIP), a small retarding potential analyzer, to measure thermal ion parameters (i.e., ion density and temperature). A PIP's raw data consists of a series of measured anode currents as a function of screen bias voltages, called IV curves. PIPs can be integrated onto a sounding rocket’s main payload and/or be deployed from the rocket on small platforms called ``PIP-Bobs''. Note that as the …

Basis Design For Electronic Structure And Beyond, Weishi Wang

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

At the intersection of quantum physics, quantum chemistry, and materials science, electronic structure is the study of electrons in solid-state and molecular systems. Electronic-structure computation relies on discretizing the many-electron Hamiltonian with a finite single-particle basis set. However, basis-set construction is conventionally treated as an ad hoc preprocessing step. This thesis develops an expressive and flexible framework for active, system-oriented basis-set design and numerical modeling strategies that treat basis functions as tunable representations to encode electronic ground-state information.

We first introduce a multi-layered, differentiable basis-construction framework that embeds a set of primitive parameters into mixed-contracted Gaussian-type orbitals. We then develop …

Hyena: An Observing System Simulation Experiment For Hypothetical Energetic Neutral Atom Imagers, Joel Tibbetts, Amy Keesee, Matina Gkioulidou, Robert Demajistre, Viacheslav Merkin

Faculty Publications

Mesoscale plasma sheet flows are widely understood to be a critical component of the overall picture of energy, particle, and magnetic flux transport during periods of geomagnetic activity. Without simultaneous measurements with true global coverage, the short lifetime (~10 min) and localized spatial extents (~1–3 R_E in azimuth) of these structures make obtaining a global picture of their contributions to stormtime magnetosphere dynamics difficult to characterize. Energetic neutral atom (ENA) imaging can enable remote mapping of plasma energization in the magnetosphere; however, its line-of-sight integrated nature, coupled with the challenging-to-characterize attributes of the target physical phenomena, means that numerous …

First-Principles And Thermodynamic Modeling Of Hydrogen Storage In Mxenes, Yi Zhi Chu

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Hydrogen storage is a critical component of the emerging hydrogen economy, playing a central role in enabling the global transition from fossil fuels to a sustainable, green energy system. With advances in materials research, increasing attention has been directed toward the development of promising hydrogen storage materials. Due to their diverse and advantageous physicochemical properties, MXenes have attracted significant interest in this regard. A fundamental understanding of the hydrogen interactions with the MXenes structure is crucial for explaining and predicting their hydrogen storage performance. In this work, first-principles density functional theory (DFT) combined with a revised thermodynamic model is employed …

First-Principles Investigation Of Quasi-One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Magnets For Advancing Low-Dimensional Spintronics, Alyssa Horne

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Van der Waals (vdW) magnets have been of great interest for advancing low- dimensional spintronics. A notable example is the quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) vdW CrSbSe₃, as it is composed of individual one-dimensional units that are held together by the vdW forces. Finding other Q1D vdW magnets that exhibit non-metallic behavior together with long range ferromagnetic ordering is critical in developing next generation spintronics. Here in, using first-principles density functional theory (DFT), we investigate the compositional effects on electronic and magnetic behavior of Cr_1–xMn_xSbSe₃ (x = 0, 0.5, 1). When 50% of Cr is replaced …

Part Sm: Statistical Mechanics, Konstantin Likharev

Essential Graduate Physics

Includes: Review of Thermodynamics; Principles of Physical Statistics; Ideal and Not-So-Ideal Gases; Phase Transitions; Fluctuations; Elements of Kinetics

Laser Beam Shaping Using A Neural Network, Azeem A. Hakim

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Multiphoton lithography (MPL) is a method of laser-based 3D-printing for fabricating micron-scale structures point-by-point in a photopolymerizable medium. MPL’s high-resolution capabilities have made it a powerful method for the fabrication of many devices, such as microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and tissue scaffolds.  The throughput of MPL processes can be increased by using spatially shaped laser beams that expose large areas or volumes simultaneously. A laser beam can be reshaped by passing it through a spatial light modulator (SLM) displaying a pre-designed phase mask. One type of laser beam profile used for this purpose is the Bessel beam, a type of structured …

Physics-Informed Temperature Prediction Of Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Decomposition-Enhanced Lstm And Bilstm Models, Seyed Saeed Madani, Yasmin Shabeer, Michael Fowler, Satyam Panchal, Carlos Ziebert, Hicham Chaoui, François Allard

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Accurately forecasting the operating temperature of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is essential for preventing thermal runaway, extending service life, and ensuring the safe operation of electric vehicles and stationary energy-storage systems. This work introduces a unified, physics-informed, and data-driven temperature-prediction framework that integrates mathematically governed preprocessing, electrothermal decomposition, and sequential deep learning architectures. The methodology systematically applies the governing relations to convert raw temperature measurements into trend, seasonal, and residual components, thereby isolating long-term thermal accumulation, reversible entropy-driven oscillations, and irreversible resistive heating. These physically interpretable signatures serve as structured inputs to machine learning and deep learning models trained on temporally …

Mtl_Tx: A Multi-Task Transformer Model For Improved Radiation Time-Series Estimation, Hongfang Zhang, Adam Stavola, Hal Ferguson, Bence Budavari, Hongyi Wu, Chiman Kwan, Jiang Li

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Controlling radiation doses at potential radioactive facilities is critical to ensuring the safety of both personnel and the public. At the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab), multiple sensors are deployed around the three experimental halls to monitor key parameters, including single-beam current, energy levels, current leakage, and radiation values during accelerator operations. In this study, we developed a Multi-task Transformer model, MTL_TX, to accurately estimate radiation doses at sensor locations based on historical data, with the aim of enhancing safety in accelerator facilities and surrounding public areas. To improve estimation accuracy, we integrated two innovative components into the proposed …

Regulating Galaxy Growth: Ionized Gas Conditions, Star Formation Histories, And Environmental Effects, Shweta Jain

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Understanding galaxy formation and evolution requires tracing how baryons cycle between stars, gas, and the interstellar medium (ISM) across cosmic time. The efficiency of star formation, the buildup of metals, and the regulation of gas inflows and outflows are governed by evolving physical conditions within galaxies and their environments. My thesis investigates how the ionized ISM, star formation histories, and environmental processes have shaped galaxy evolution over the past ∼ 12 Gyr. The primary focus of this work is the evolution of the physical conditions of ionized gas in galaxies, including gas-phase metallicity and ionization state. Using new and archival …

Utilizing Computer Modeling To Optimize Electric Fields Within Xenon Time Projection Chambers, Miles Meloni

Honors Theses

XENONnT is a physics experiment designed with the goal of detecting dark matter particles. The detector is a time projection chamber; a series of charged electrodes creates an electric field, surrounding a central body filled with liquid and gaseous xenon. Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), positioned on either end of the chamber, serve to detect light signals. We seek to minimize the root mean square of the electric field norms experienced by the PMTs. This quantity corresponds to the variance in the electric field observed by the PMTs. Establishing a consistent electric field is important to maintaining these sensitive components. The electric …

Large Aerosol Particles Favor Haze Conditions Through Limitations On Water Budget And Activation Kinetics, Hamed F. Sadi, Ernie Lewis, Kadja Flore Gali, Fan Yang, Jesse Anderson, Suryadev Pratap Singh, Jae Min Yeom, Will Cantrell, Raymond Shaw

Michigan Tech Publications

Experiments in the Pi Convection‐Cloud Chamber conducted by systematically changing the diameter of injected dry aerosol particles while holding the temperature difference constant demonstrate that dry diameter strongly influences the onset of haze‐dominated conditions. Two factors contribute: the system becomes water‐limited, resulting in reduction of supersaturation by growing aerosol particles to the activation diameter; and the activation process becomes kinetically limited. Dry aerosol diameter exerts a strong influence on activation time, with a power‐law exponent of 9/2. Kinetically limited activation occurs when the ratio of the activation and droplet residence times is greater than unity. The findings demonstrate that a …

First Remi Experiments At A Cryogenic Ion Storage Ring, M. Schulz, F. Herrmann, W. Zhang, A. Dorn, M. Grieser, F. Grussie, H. Kreckel, O. Novotny, A. Wolf, T. Pfeifer, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

We have recorded double, triple, and quadruple coincidences between neutralized projectiles, recoiling target ions, and two electrons created in collisions of slow anions with neutral atoms. The experiments were performed at the cryogenic storage ring in Heidelberg. The recoil ions and ejected electrons were momentum-analyzed using a Reaction Microscope (ReMi) spectrometer. Various processes involving electron detachment from the projectile accompanied by various transitions in the target were investigated. Detachment without any transition in the target is qualitatively well described by a quasi-free electron model in the case of an Ar target. In detachment with single target ionization, no signatures of …

Ultra-Low Noise Ion Detection For Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay Searches, Karen E. Navarro

Physics Dissertations

Neutrinos are the most abundant particles in the universe that carry mass. Yet, we know very little about them since they are electrically neutral and interact weakly. A small instance after the Big Bang, an imbalance occurred that caused matter to be produced in greater quantities than antimatter. A leading candidate for this unexplained process is leptogenesis. Leptogenesis predicts that neutrinos are Majorana particles: a particle that is its own antiparticle. Today, particle detectors are being constructed to search for this property through the yet unobserved neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) . If observed, this would demonstrate that neutrinos are …

Bursty Bulk Flows: The What, The Why, And Their Impacts On The Earth, Fariza Tanvir

2026 Spring Honors Capstones Projects

Due to solar wind-magnetosphere interactions, the Earth's magnetic field lines stretch into a long, comet-shaped magnetotail, which extends thousands of miles away from the Earth. Bursty Bulk Flows (BBFs) are transient, high-speed ion bulk flows in the magnetotail that play an essential role in energy and mass transport. Characterized by their short-lived duration, they are related to magnetic reconnection events. This investigation focuses on being able to identify BBFs using the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) probes, a mission consisting of four probes arranged in a tetrahedron to study the Earth’s magnetosphere. We examine parameters such as energy spectra, spin bulk velocity, …

Microgravity-Induced Alterations In Left Atrial Hemodynamics And Thrombogenic Risk: Insights From Healthy And Atrial Fibrillation Models, Grace M. Hoeppner

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Background: Microgravity exposure alters cardiovascular loading, yet its impact on left atrial flow dynamics and thrombotic risk remains poorly understood. This study investigates how spaceflight-relevant microgravity-induced changes in cardiac outflow affect left atrial hemodynamics in healthy individuals and patients with atrial fibrillation.

Methods: Patient-specific left atrial models were generated for three healthy individuals and three AF patients. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed using each patient’s baseline mitral outflow waveform and two modified waveforms representing short- and long-duration post-flight cardiac loading changes derived from echocardiographic observations. Hemodynamic metrics included left atrial velocity, time averaged wall shear stress, oscillatory shear …

An Application Of Molecular Dynamics To Hed Plasma Physics: Point And Group Defect Diffusion In Coulomb Crystals, Levi Webb

Theses and Dissertations

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are used to explore the microscopic behaviors of complex systems that cannot be easily studied experimentally. In particular, the microphysics of high energy density (HED) astrophysical plasma environments remain inaccessible by modern experiment---even in laser facilities, these plasmas exist only on short timescales that do not lend easily to investigation. The diffusion of point and group defects through crystallized plasmas in the cores of white dwarfs and neutron star crusts, called Coulomb crystals, has potentially macroscopic implications for the evolution of these bodies. Thus, I employ the widely-used MD code LAMMPS to simulate small Coulomb crystal …

The Shms 11 Gev/C Spectrometer In Hall C At Jefferson Lab, S. Ali, A. Ahmidouch, G. R. Ambrose, A. Asaturyan, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, J. Benesch, V. Berdnikov, H. Bhatt, D. Bhetuwal, D. Biswas, P. Brindza, M. Bukhari, M. Burton, R. Carlini, M. Carmignotto, M. E. Christy, C. Cotton, J. Crafts, D. Day, S. Danagoulian, A. Dittmann, D. H. Dongwi, B. Duran, D. Dutta, R. Ent, H. Fenker, M. Fowler, D. Gaskell, A. Hamdi, N. Heinrich, W. Henry, N. Hlavin, T. Horn, G. M. Huber, Y. Ilieva, J. Jarrell, S. Jia, M. K. Jones, M. Junaid, M. L. Kabir, N. Kalantarians, A. Karki, S. J.D. Kay, C. E. Keppel, V. Kumar, S. Lassiter, W. B. Li, D. Mack, S. Malace, J. Mcmahan, A. Mkrtchyan, H. Mkrtchyan, P. Monaghan, C. Morean, P. Nadel-Turonski, G. Niculescu, M. I. Niculescu, A. Nadeeshani, E. Pooser, A. Ramos, J. Reinhold, B. Sawatzky, H. Szumila-Vance, V. Tadevosyan, R. L. Trotta, A. Usman, C. Yero, M. Yurov, S. Zhamkochyan, S. A. Wood, J. Zhang

Physics Faculty Publications

The Super High Momentum Spectrometer (SHMS) has been built for Hall C at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab). With a momentum capability reaching 11 GeV/c, the SHMS provides measurements of charged particles produced in electron-scattering experiments using the maximum available beam energy from the upgraded Jefferson Lab accelerator. The SHMS is an ion-optics magnetic spectrometer comprised of a series of new superconducting magnets which transport charged particles through an array of triggering, tracking, and particle-identification detectors that measure momentum, energy, angle and position in order to allow kinematic reconstruction of the events back to their origin at …

High-Energy Η(′)Π Photoproduction And The Nature Of Exotic Waves, Glòria Montaña, Vincent Mathieu, Vanamali Shastry, Łukasz Bibrzycki, César Fernández-Ramírez, Nadine Hammoud, Robert J. Perry, Alessandro Pilloni, Arkaitz Rodas, Wyatt A. Smith, Adam P. Szczepaniak, Daniel Winney

Physics Faculty Publications

The observation of hybrid mesons in photoproduction experiments can provide essential insight into the inner workings of quantum chromodynamics in the strong coupling regime. In particular, the study of final η^(′)π states is of great interest due to the presence of the lowest lying hybrid candidate with manifestly exotic quantum numbers, the π₁ (1600). In this work, a double-vector exchange model with Reggeized ρ and ω trajectories is developed to describe the photoproduction of η^(′)π in the high-mass region. Results are presented for the differential cross sections and forward-backward asymmetries in the energy region of interest …

Small-𝑥 Asmptomatics Of The Leading-Twist Flavor Singlet Quark Tmds, Daniel Adamiak, M. Gabriel Santiago, Yossathorn Tawabutr

Physics Faculty Publications

In this paper, we investigate the small-𝑥 behavior of the flavor-singlet, leading-twist quark transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) using the light-cone operator treatment. This formalism allows us to express TMD operators at small 𝑥 in terms of polarized dipole amplitudes, enabling a systematic approach to their small-𝑥 evolution. We derive the evolution equations for these TMDs and solve them within the large-𝑁𝑐 approximation under the linearized, double-logarithmic approximation, where 𝑁𝑐 represents the number of quark colors. Expanding on previous work on unpolarized and helicity TMDs, we present the small-𝑥 asymptotics for a comprehensive set of TMDs, including the Sivers function, …

First Study Of The Nuclear Response To Fast Hadrons Via Angular Correlations Between Pions And Slow Protons In Electron-Nucleus Scattering, The Clas Collaboration, S. J. Paul, M. Arratia, H. Hakobyan, W. Brooks, A. Acar, P. Achenbach, J. S. Alvarado, W. R. Armstrong, N. A. Baltzell, L. Barion, M. Bashkanov, M. Battaglieri, F. Benmokhtar, A. Bianconi, A. S. Biselli, F. Bossù, S. Boiarinov, K. -T Brinkmann, W. J. Briscoe, V. Burkert, T. Cao, D. S. Carman, P. Chatagnon, H. Chinchay, G. Ciullo, P. L. Cole, A. D'Angelo, N. Dashyan, R. De Vita, A. Deur, S. Diehl, C. Djalali, R. Dupre, H. Egiyan, A. El Alaoui, L. Elouadrhiri, P. Eugenio, M. Farooq, S. Fegan, A. Filippi, C. Fogler, G. Gavalian, G. P. Gilfoyle, R. W. Gothe, B. Gualtieri, M. Hattawy, F. Hauenstein, T. B. Hayward, M. Hoballah, M. Holtrop, Yu-Chun Hung, Y. Ilieva, D. G. Ireland, E. L. Isupov, D. Jenkins, H. S. Jo, D. Keller, M. Khandaker, A. Kim, V. Klimenko, I. Korover, A. Kripko, V. Kubarovsky, L. Lanza, S. Lee, P. Lenisa, X. Li, D. Marchand, V. Mascagna, B. Mckinnon, T. Mineeva, V. Mokeev, E. F. Molina Cardenas, C. Munoz Camacho, P. Nadel-Turonski, T. Nagorna, K. Neupane, S. Niccolai, G. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, A. I. Ostrovidov, M. Ouillon, P. Pandey, M. Paolone, G. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, A. I. Ostrovidov, M. Ouillon, P. Pandey, M. Paolone, L. L. Pappalardo, R. Paremuzyan, E. Pasyuk, C. Paudel, W. Phelps, N. Pilleux, S. Polcher Rafael, L. Polizzi, J. W. Price, Y. Prok, A. Radic, T. Reed, J. Richards, M. Ripani, J. Ritman, G. Rosner, S. Schadmand, A. Schmidt, J. Richards, M. Ripani, J. Ritman, G. Rosner, S. Schadmand, A. Schmidt, R. A. Schumacher, Y. Sharabian, S. Shrestha, E. Sidoretti, D. Sokhan, N. Sparveris, M. Spreafico, S. Stepanyan, I. I. Strakovsky, S. Strauch, M. Tenorio, F. Touchte Codjo, R. Tyson, M. Ungaro, P.S. H. Vaishnavi, S. Vallarino, C. Velasquez, L. Venturelli, H. Voskanyan, E. Voutier, Y. Wang, D. P. Watts, U. Weerasinghe, X. Wei, M. H. Wood, L. Xu, Z. Xu, M. Zurek

Physics Faculty Publications

We report on the first measurement of angular correlations between high-energy pions and slow protons in electron-nucleus (eA) scattering, providing a new probe of how a nucleus responds to a fast-moving quark. The experiment employed the CLAS detector with a 5-GeV electron beam incident on deuterium, carbon, iron, and lead targets. For heavier nuclei, the pion-proton correlation function is more spread-out in azimuth than for lighter ones, and this effect is more pronounced in the πp channel than in earlier ππ studies. The proton-to-pion yield ratio likewise rises with nuclear mass, although the increase appears to saturate for …

Unpolarized Gpds At Small X And Non-Zero Skewness, Yuri V. Kovchegov, M. Gabriel Santiago, Huachen Sun

Physics Faculty Publications

We study the small-x asymptotics of unpolarized generalized parton distributions (GPDs) and generalized transverse momentum distributions (GTMDs). Unlike the previous works in the literature, we consider the case of non-zero (but small) skewness while allowing for non-linear contributions to the evolution equations. We first show that unpolarized GPDs and GTMDs at small x are related to the eikonal dipole amplitude N, whose small-x evolution is given by the BK/JIMWLK evolution equations, and to the odderon amplitude 𝒪, whose evolution is also known in the literature. We then show that the effect of non-zero skewness ξ ≠ 0 is to modify …

Measurement Of The Near-Threshold J/Ψ Photoproduction Cross Section With The Clas12 Experiment, Clas Collaboration, P. Chatagnon, V. Kubarovsky, R. Paremuzyan, S. Stepanyan, M. Tenorio, R. Tyson, A. G. Acar, P. Achenbach, J. S. Alvarado, M. J. Amaryan, W. R. Armstrong, H. Avakian, N. A. Baltzell, L. Barion, M. Bashkanov, M. Battaglieri, F. Benmokhtar, A. Bianconi, A. S. Biselli, S. Boiarinov, M. Bondi, F. Bossù, K. -Th Brinkmann, W. J. Briscoe, S. Bueltmann, V. D. Burkert, T. Cao, D. S. Carman, A. Celentano, H. Chinchay, G. Ciullo, P. L. Cole, A. D' Angelo, N. Dashyan, M. Defurne, R. De Vita, A. Deur, S. Diehl, C. Dilks, C. Djalali, M. Dugger, R. Dupré, H. Egiyan, M. Ehrhart, A. El Alaoui, L. El Fassi, L. Elouadrhiri, M. Farooq, S. Fegan, R. F. Ferguson, I. P. Fernando, E. Ferrand, A. Filippi, C. Fogler, K. Gates, G. P. Gilfoyle, D. I. Glazier, R. W. Gothe, Y. Gotra, B. Gualtieri, K. Hafidi, H. Hakobyan, F. Hauenstein, T. B. Hayward, D. Heddle, M. Hoballah, D. Holmberg, M. Holtrop, C. E. Hyde, Y. Ilieva, D. G. Ireland, E. L. Isupov, H. S. Jo, K. Joo, T. Kageya, M. Kerr, A. Kim, H. T. Klest, V. Klimenko, I. Korover, A. Kripko, S. E. Kuhn, L. Lanza, S. Lee, P. Lenisa, X. Li, D. Marchand, D. Martiryan, V. Mascagna, B. Mckinnon, A. Mehta, R. G. Milner, T. Mineeva, M. Mirazita, V. I. Mokeev, E. F. Molina Cardenas, C. Munoz Camacho, P. Nadel-Turonski, K. Neupane, D. Nguyen, S. Niccolai, G. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, M. Ouillon, P. Pandey, M. Paolone, L. L. Pappalardo, E. Pasyuk, C. Paudel, S. J. Paul, W. Phelps, N. Pilleux, L. Polizzi, J. Poudel, J. W. Price, Y. Prok, A. Radic, J. Richards, M. Ripani, P. Rossi, A. A. Rusova, C. Salgado, S. Schadmand, A. Schmidt, M. B. C. Scott, Y. G. Sharabian, E. V. Shirokov, S. Shrestha, E. Sidoretti, N. Sparveris, I. I. Strakovsky, S. Strauch, F. Touchte Codjo, M. Ungaro, D. W. Upton, P. S. H. Vaishnavi, S. Vallarino, C. Velasquez, L. Venturelli, H. Voskanyan, A. Vossen, E. Voutier, Y. Wang, D. P. Watts, U. Weerasinghe, X. Wei, M. H. Wood, L. Xu, Z. Xu, Z. W. Zhao, V. Ziegler, M. Zurek

Physics Faculty Publications

We present measurements of the total and differential cross sections for near-threshold 𝐽/ψ photoproduction obtained with the CLAS12 detector at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The results are based on data collected during the fall 2018 and spring 2019 running periods, using electron beams with energies of 10.6 and 10.2 GeV, respectively, scattered off a liquid-hydrogen target. Near-threshold J/ψ photoproduction offers a unique sensitivity to the strong interaction in the nonperturbative regime of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). The energy dependence of the cross section constrains the underlying J/ψ production mechanisms, including multigluon exchange and potential baryonic excitations. Additionally, the t …

Studying Electroweak Few-Body Observables In Chiral Effective Field Theory, Alex Gnech

Physics Faculty Publications

The use of nuclei to study electroweak probes is becoming increasingly relevant experimentally. The success of dark matter and neutrino experiments strongly depends on the ability to control nuclear effects in order to extract the fundamental parameters associated with external probes. Therefore, reliable theoretical calculations of nuclear structure and reactions, with well-controlled errors, are crucial for the success of experimental efforts. Currently, chiral effective field theory (χEFT) coupled with {\it ab-initio} methods represents one of the best approaches that fulfills these requirements. To use this approach as a tool for studying fundamental physics, it is essential to validate it against …

Dispersion Relations And The Light-Hadron Spectrum, Arkaitz Rodas

Physics Faculty Publications

Light hadron spectroscopy sits in the non-perturbative regime of QCD, where flexible fits often compete with firm principles. Over the past two decades, dispersion relations have become a practical, numerical tool to solve these issues, enabling first-principles analyses and delivering robust resonance parameters. With ππ scattering as an example, we briefly summarize the current landscape, highlight dispersive work that has resolved long-standing debates and set precision standards, and include recent examples of dispersive analyses of lattice QCD results.

Search For The Y(2175) In The Photoproduction Cross Section Measurement Of 𝛾p → 𝜙𝜋⁺𝜋⁻P At Gluex, F. Afzal, M. Albrecht, M. Amaryan, S. Arrigo, V. Arroyave, A. Asaturyan, A. Austregesilo, Z. Baldwin, F. Barbosa, J. Barlow, E. Barriga, R. Barsotti, D. Barton, V. Baturin, V. V. Berdnikov, A. Berger, W. Boeglin, M. Boer, W. J. Briscoe, T. Britton, R. Brunner, S. Cao, C. Chen, E. Chudakov, G. Chung, P. L. Cole, O. Cortes, V. Crede, M. M. Dalton, D. Darulis, A. Deur, S. Dobbs, A. Dolgolenko, M. Dugger, R. Dzhygadlo, D. Ebersole, M. Edo, H. Egiyan, P. Eugenio, A. Fabrizi, C. Fanelli, S. Fang, M. Fritsch, S. Furletov, L. Gan, H. Gao, A. Gardner, A. Gasparian, D. I. Glazier, C. Gleason, K. Goetzen, B. Grube, J. Guo, A. Hamdi, J. Hernandez, K. Hernandez, N. D. Hoffman, D. Hornidge, G. M. Huber, P. Hurck, W. Imoehl, D. G. Ireland, M. M. Ito, I. Jaegle, N. S. Jarvis, T. Jeske, M. Jing, R. T. Jones, V. Mateev, M. Mccaughan, M. Mccracken, C. A. Meyer, R. Miskimen, R. E. Mitchell, P. Moran, F. Nerling, L. Ng, E. Nissen, S. Orešić, A. I. Ostrovidov, Z. Papandeou, L. Pentchev, K. J. Peters, L. Puthiya Veetil, S. Rakshit, J. Reinhold, A. Remington, J. Ritman, G. Rodriguez, K. Saldana, S. Schadmand, A. M. Schertz, K. Scheuer, A. Schmidt, R. A. Schumacher, J. Schwiening, M. Scott, N. Septian, P. Sharp, V. J. Shen, X. Shen, M. R. Shepherd, J. Sikes, H. Singh, A. Smith, E. S. Smith, A. Somov, J. R. Stevens, I. I. Strakovsky, B. Sumner, K. Suresh, V. V. Tarasov, S. Taylor, Y. Teymurazyan, A. Thiel, M. Thomson, T. Viducic, T. Whitlatch, Y. Wunderlich, B. Yu, J. Zarling, Z. Zhang, X. Zhou, B. Zihlmann, The Glue X Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

Based on 334 pb-¹ of photoproduction data collected with the GlueX detector at Jefferson Lab, we have measured for the first time the cross section of the exclusive reaction 𝛾 + p → φ(1020)π⁺π⁻p by reconstructing the final state K⁺K⁻π⁺π⁻p produced with a photon beam of energies between 8.0 and 11.6 GeV. Based on the measured differential cross section, we have performed a search for the strangeoniumlike exotic candidate Y(2175), recently renamed to φ(2170). This state has been reported by different e⁺e⁻ annihilation experiments and it is addressed here for the first time in a photoproduction experiment. We do not …

Memory Effects In Many-Body Systems, Jeffrey Beckstrand

Master's Projects

This thesis investigates memory effects in many-body systems through the MoriZwanzig Formalism for projected dynamics of a Hamiltonian System which yields the Generalized Langevin Equation (GLE). The GLE is a stochastic differential equation (SDE) that studies the dynamics of observables under the effects of many other observables in the system. Although satisfying, the GLE has a term called the Memory Kernel that encodes the past of the system and introduces a computational challenge by introducing a non-Markovian property to the equation. The kernel is often approximated by introducing a delta function, which simplifies the computation, but at the loss of …

Spectral Phase Pulse Shaping Alters Photoionization Time, James Aygun, Dany Yaacoub, Allison L. Harris

Faculty publications – Physics

Photoionization is a key step in many attosecond processes. Accurately determining the photoionization time delay is critical to understanding electron dynamics during and after ionization and can guide future efforts to manipulate electron motion. Prior studies have shown that the photoionization time delay is non-zero and that pulse shaping through alteration of the spectral phase may change the number and timing of ionization events. In order to assess whether and how the spectral phase modifies the photoionization time delay, we use attosecond streaking simulations to extract the streaking time delay for ionizing pulses with identical power spectra, but different spectral …

Optimizing Microscale Tesla Valve Design For Enhanced Efficiency For Filtering And Sorting Bacteria, Brian Ewalt

2026 Research Poster Competition

Invented by Nikola Tesla in 1920, a Tesla valve is a passive check valve with no moving parts but showing diodicity for fluids (i.e., allowing fluids to flow easily in one direction but not in the other). Tesla valves have demonstrated remarkable versatility across a range of scientific fields. Recently, a study conducted at the University of Arkansas showed that these conduits exhibited diodicity for bacteria in the absence of fluid flows (Rogers et al. 2023), serving as proof of concept for applying microscale Tesla valves for filtering and sorting bacteria and microorganisms in biomedical settings. However, the design of …

Absolute Quantification And Identification Of Rna From Rna-Lipid Nanoparticles Using High Resolution Mass Spectrometry, Jason C. Funderburk

Theses and Dissertations

RNA therapeutics are a rising drug category with potential use for a range of conditions encompassing infectious diseases to therapies for cancer, diseases, and genetic disorders. RNA-lipid nanoparticles (RNA-LNPs) are the prominent delivery method for these therapeutics approved products include mRNA vaccines and polyneuropathy treatments. The emergency use authorizations and orphan drug status of current RNA-LNP drugs has allowed approval without finalization of the regulatory analytical procedures for quality monitoring. The objective of the study was to develop an LC-MS assay to simultaneously measure identity and concentration of two therapeutically relevant intact RNA constructs extracted from RNA-LNPs to enhance quality …