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Articles 5011 - 5040 of 34219
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Building-Block Approach To The Discovery Of Na8mn2(Ge2se6)2: A Polar Chalcogenide Exhibiting Promising Harmonic Generation Signals With A High Laser-Induced Damage Threshold, Srikanth Balijapelly, Andrew J. Craig, Jeong Bin Cho, Joon I. Jang, Kartik Ghosh, Jennifer A. Aitken, Aleksandr V. Chernatynskiy, Amitava Choudhury
Building-Block Approach To The Discovery Of Na8mn2(Ge2se6)2: A Polar Chalcogenide Exhibiting Promising Harmonic Generation Signals With A High Laser-Induced Damage Threshold, Srikanth Balijapelly, Andrew J. Craig, Jeong Bin Cho, Joon I. Jang, Kartik Ghosh, Jennifer A. Aitken, Aleksandr V. Chernatynskiy, Amitava Choudhury
Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works
A new polar quaternary chalcogenide, Na8Mn2(Ge2Se6)2, has been synthesized using the building-block approach by reacting preformed Na6Ge2Se6 and MnCl2 at 750 °C. The structure consists of layers of [Na(1)Mn(Ge2Se6)]3– stacked perpendicular to the c-axis and sodium ions occupying the interlayer space. An indirect bandgap of 1.52 eV has been calculated using density functional theory, which is expectedly underestimated compared to the observed optical bandgap of 1.95 eV derived from diffuse reflectance spectroscopic measurements in the UV/Vis/NIR region. Magnetic measurements confirm the paramagnetic nature of Na8Mn2(Ge2Se6)2 with an experimental magnetic moment of 5.8 μB in good agreement with the theoretical spin …
Solving Electron Spin Drift-Diffusion Equations In Presence Of Hyperfine Interactions, Dana Coleman, Bryan Stevens, Truman Schulz
Solving Electron Spin Drift-Diffusion Equations In Presence Of Hyperfine Interactions, Dana Coleman, Bryan Stevens, Truman Schulz
Undergraduate Research Competition
Next generation technologies have been proposed where electron spin is used in addition to electron charge in order to improve functionality and efficiency of electronic devices. In this work, we study how nuclear fields, magnetic fields from atomic nuclei, influence spin transport characteristics in semiconductors. Nuclear fields are added to the spin drift- diffusion equation and the resulting spin distributions are calculated. Due to the complicated nature of the nuclear field, the steady state spin drift-diffusion equations are non-linear and must be solved numerically. In this work, we examine solutions for the spin distribution and spin current in the presence …
Reliability Of Quantum Simulation On Nisq-Era Devices, Karthik R. Chinni
Reliability Of Quantum Simulation On Nisq-Era Devices, Karthik R. Chinni
Physics & Astronomy ETDs
We study the reliability of quantum simulation on Noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ)-era devices in the presence of errors and imperfections, with a focus on exploring the relationship between the properties of the system being simulated and the errors in the output of the simulator. We first consider simulation of the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick (LMG) model, which becomes chaotic in the presence of a background time-dependent perturbation. Here we show that the quantities that depend on the global structure of the phase space are robust, while other quantities that depend on the local trajectories are fragile and cannot be reliably extracted from the …
How Electrons Impact Binding Energy, Nicholas Hacker, Sierra Hunter
How Electrons Impact Binding Energy, Nicholas Hacker, Sierra Hunter
Research and Creativity Symposium
An atom is made up of a positively charged nucleus, consisting of non-charged neutrons and a number of positively charged protons, and of negatively charged electrons, the number of which is equivalent to the protons. The attractive force between the positive and negative charges fluctuates with the quantity of subatomic particles; binding energy is the energy required to overcome this attractive force to remove an electron from its orbital. In diatomic molecules, the binding energy is between the two atoms themselves rather than just between the nucleus and electrons for a singular atom. The relationship between binding energies of the …
Fluoride Doping In Crystalline And Amorphous Indium Oxide Semiconductors, Aritra Sil, Michael J. Deck, Elise A. Goldfine, Chi Zhang, Sawankumar V. Patel, Steven Flynn, Haoyu Liu, Po Hsiu Chien, Kenneth R. Poeppelmeier, Vinayak P. Dravid, Michael J. Bedzyk, Julia E. Medvedeva, Yan Yan Hu, Antonio Facchetti
Fluoride Doping In Crystalline And Amorphous Indium Oxide Semiconductors, Aritra Sil, Michael J. Deck, Elise A. Goldfine, Chi Zhang, Sawankumar V. Patel, Steven Flynn, Haoyu Liu, Po Hsiu Chien, Kenneth R. Poeppelmeier, Vinayak P. Dravid, Michael J. Bedzyk, Julia E. Medvedeva, Yan Yan Hu, Antonio Facchetti
Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works
In this contribution, the structural and electronic effects of fluoride doping in both crystalline and amorphous indium oxides are investigated by both experimental and theoretical techniques. Pristine crystalline and amorphous fluoride-doped indium oxide (F:In-O) phases were prepared by solution-based combustion synthesis and sol-gel techniques, respectively. The chemical composition, environment, and solid-state microstructure of these materials were extensively studied with a wide array of state-of-the-art techniques such as UV-vis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, 19F and 115In solid-state NMR, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) as well as by density functional theory (DFT) …
Limits Of Detection Of Mycotoxins By Laminar Flow Strips: A Review, Xinyi Zhao, Hugh Byrne, Christine M. O’Connor, James Curtin, Furong Tian
Limits Of Detection Of Mycotoxins By Laminar Flow Strips: A Review, Xinyi Zhao, Hugh Byrne, Christine M. O’Connor, James Curtin, Furong Tian
Articles
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolic products of fungi. They are poisonous, carcinogenic, and mutagenic in nature and pose a serious health threat to both humans and animals, causing severe illnesses and even death. Rapid, simple and low-cost methods of detection of mycotoxins are of immense importance and in great demand in the food and beverage industry, as well as in agriculture and environmental monitoring, and, for this purpose, lateral flow immunochromatographic strips (ICSTs) have been widely used in food safety and environmental monitoring. The literature to date describing the development of ICSTs for the detection of different types of mycotoxins using …
Bayesian Solar Wind Modeling With Pulsar Timing Arrays, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Joseph Simon, Dustin R. Madison, Zaven Arzoumanian, H. Thankful Cromartie, Kathryn Crowter, Megan E. Decesar, Paul B. Demorest, Timothy Dolch, Justin A. Ellis, Robert D. Ferdman, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, Emmanuel Fonseca, Peter A. Gentile, Glenn Jones, Megan L. Jones, Michael T. Lam, Lina Levin, Duncan R. Lorimer, Ryan S. Lynch, Maura A. Mclaughlin, Cherry Ng
Bayesian Solar Wind Modeling With Pulsar Timing Arrays, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Joseph Simon, Dustin R. Madison, Zaven Arzoumanian, H. Thankful Cromartie, Kathryn Crowter, Megan E. Decesar, Paul B. Demorest, Timothy Dolch, Justin A. Ellis, Robert D. Ferdman, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, Emmanuel Fonseca, Peter A. Gentile, Glenn Jones, Megan L. Jones, Michael T. Lam, Lina Levin, Duncan R. Lorimer, Ryan S. Lynch, Maura A. Mclaughlin, Cherry Ng
Pacific Faculty Work
Using Bayesian analyses we study the solar electron density with the NANOGrav 11 yr pulsar timing array (PTA) data set. Our model of the solar wind is incorporated into a global fit starting from pulse times of arrival. We introduce new tools developed for this global fit, including analytic expressions for solar electron column densities and open source models for the solar wind that port into existing PTA software. We perform an ab initio recovery of various solar wind model parameters. We then demonstrate the richness of information about the solar electron density, n E , that can be gleaned …
One-Dimensional Array Of Optical Dark Spot Traps From Nested Gaussian Laser Beams For Quantum Computing, Katharina Gillen-Christandl, Travis Daniel Frazer
One-Dimensional Array Of Optical Dark Spot Traps From Nested Gaussian Laser Beams For Quantum Computing, Katharina Gillen-Christandl, Travis Daniel Frazer
Physics
Quantum computing is rapidly becoming a practical technology, driven by new and advanced quantum systems, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. For neutral atoms as a host system, the natural advantage of long lifetimes is limited by decoherence mechanisms like light scattering. In this work, we computationally investigate a blue-detuned one-dimensional optical dipole trap array to reduce light scattering by holding atoms in minimum light intensity regions. The array consists of two counter-propagating Gaussian beams of differing widths, such that light walls from the larger beam radially confine the standing wave generating the dipole traps. We find this system …
Beam-Spin Asymmetry Σ For Σ- Hyperon Photoproduction Off The Neutron, N. Zachariou, E. Munevar, B. L. Berman, P. Bydžovský, A. Cieplý, G. Feldman, Y. Ilieva, P. Nadel-Turonski, D. Skoupil, A. V. Sarantsev, D. P. Watts, M. J. Amaryan, G. Angelini, W. R. Armstrong, H. Atac, H. Avakian, L. Barion, M. Bashkanov, M. Battaglieri, Steffen Strauch, Et. Al.
Beam-Spin Asymmetry Σ For Σ- Hyperon Photoproduction Off The Neutron, N. Zachariou, E. Munevar, B. L. Berman, P. Bydžovský, A. Cieplý, G. Feldman, Y. Ilieva, P. Nadel-Turonski, D. Skoupil, A. V. Sarantsev, D. P. Watts, M. J. Amaryan, G. Angelini, W. R. Armstrong, H. Atac, H. Avakian, L. Barion, M. Bashkanov, M. Battaglieri, Steffen Strauch, Et. Al.
Faculty Publications
We report a new measurement of the beam-spin asymmetry, Σ, for the γn → K + Σ− reaction using quasi-free neutrons in a liquid-deuterium target. The new dataset includes data at previously unmeasured photon energy and angular ranges, thereby providing new constraints on partial wave analyses used to extract properties of the excited nucleon states. The experimental data were obtained using the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS), housed in Hall B of the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab). The CLAS detector measured reaction products from a liquid-deuterium target produced by an energy-tagged, linearly polarised photon beam with energies in …
Energy Extraction From Black Holes, Alexandra Chanson
Energy Extraction From Black Holes, Alexandra Chanson
Student Research Symposium
I will discuss some background on black hole magnetohydrodynamics and then explore some recent results in higher-dimensional monopole power extraction
Advanced Communication And Sensing Protocols Using Twisted Light And Engineered Quantum Statistics, Michelle L. Lollie
Advanced Communication And Sensing Protocols Using Twisted Light And Engineered Quantum Statistics, Michelle L. Lollie
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Advanced performance of modern technology at a fundamental physical level is driving new innovations in communication, sensing capability, and information processing. Key to this improvement is the ability to harness the power of physical phenomena at the quantum mechanical level, where light and light-matter interactions produce technological advancement not realizable by classical means. Theoretical investigation into quantum computing, sensing capability beyond classical limits, and quantum information has prompted experimental work to bring state-of-the-art quantum systems to the forefront for commercial use. This dissertation contributes to the latter portion of the work. A set of preliminaries is included highlighting pertinent physical …
Hidden Symmetries In Black Holes, Luis Fernando Temoche
Hidden Symmetries In Black Holes, Luis Fernando Temoche
Student Research Symposium
Our objective is to show the existence of conformal symmetries in rotating black hole solutions near its event horizon. To do so, we are going to study the cases of both Kerr BH and 5D Myers-Perry BH. In particular, by applying certain coordinate transformations, we will be able exploit this conformal invariance from its geometry as well as the dynamics of scalar fields propagating on this particular background. The invariance allows as to describe strongly coupled systems, conformal field theories to be specific, in lower dimensions.
Gpu Accelerated Preconditioning Of The Plasma Kinetic Equation, D. Caleb Price
Gpu Accelerated Preconditioning Of The Plasma Kinetic Equation, D. Caleb Price
Student Research Symposium
Solving the plasma kinetic equation provides higher-order moments to better approximate an accurate time evolution of plasma behavior contained in a tokamak. NIMROD seeks to produce code to simulate and model these macroscopic dynamics. Essential to this code’s efficiency is the preconditioning of matrices. I studied how compiling a GPU-enabled third-party library, SuperLU, would improve this preconditioning time for a test version of NIMROD's code. We found that the time of preconditioning decreased significantly when GPUs were allocated versus when only CPUs were, which provides understanding for the future utilization of GPUs by the NIMROD code directly.
The Effects Of Moisture On The Conductivity Of M55j Carbon Fiber Composites, Crystal Tingle
The Effects Of Moisture On The Conductivity Of M55j Carbon Fiber Composites, Crystal Tingle
Student Research Symposium
In this research, we studied the effects that humidity (moisture) can have on M55J Carbon Fiber Composite samples.
Detonation Of A White Dwarf Star: Simulations Of The Sub-Chandrasekhar Type 1a Supernovae, Melissa Rasmussen
Detonation Of A White Dwarf Star: Simulations Of The Sub-Chandrasekhar Type 1a Supernovae, Melissa Rasmussen
Student Research Symposium
A type Ia supernova can result from the double detonation of a white dwarf star below the Chandrasekhar mass limit. Using the hydrodynamics code Castro, we simulate this detonation by perturbing a carbon/oxygen white dwarf with an accumulated shell of helium, with a small amount of nitrogen-14. In this work, we investigate the robustness of the model. Adjusting the location of the perturbation affects whether detonation occurs. Changing the composition of the helium shell affects the speed at which it burns. The size of the reaction network used affects whether the star's core burns immediately or from a shock wave …
Simultaneous Simulation Of Microgravity And Ionizing Radiation In A Laboratory Environment, Achal Duhoon
Simultaneous Simulation Of Microgravity And Ionizing Radiation In A Laboratory Environment, Achal Duhoon
Student Research Symposium
A novel system was developed to simulate the combined effects of reduced gravity and ionizing radiation present during spaceflight on biological and particulate samples. The miniature rotary cell culture system (mRCCS) was designed to synchronously rotate up to five independent vessels containing particulate samples suspended in fluid media, constructed using radiation tolerant, biocompatible, and vacuum compatible materials. Reduced gravity conditions were achieved when suspended particles (e.g., 200 μm polystyrene microcarrier beads with or without adhered cell clusters) were suspended inside the vessels moving near terminal velocity in viscous neutral-buoyant fluid media with densities matched to the suspended particles to achieve …
Preparation And Characterization Of Highly Insulating Granular Samples For Electron Yield Measurement, Heather Allen
Preparation And Characterization Of Highly Insulating Granular Samples For Electron Yield Measurement, Heather Allen
Student Research Symposium
This experiment focuses primarily on the preparation and characterization of granular samples for the eventual purpose of electron yield measurements. Highly insulating granular samples are notoriously difficult to prepare and present a myriad ofcomplications from both experimental and practical frameworks. A famous example of this was during the 1969 Apollo 11 mission when electrostatically adhered lunar dust damaged the equipment and astronauts suits and led to purported health effects. The electrical properties of this dust for charging and discharge is essential to preventing these effects. In this study, particles of varying size, shape, and composition are used to create multilayered …
The Effects Of Absorbed Water On Electrostatic Breakdown Testing, Megan Loveland Dewaal
The Effects Of Absorbed Water On Electrostatic Breakdown Testing, Megan Loveland Dewaal
Student Research Symposium
A critical property of electrical insulators is the breakdown voltage. When exposed to a high enough voltage, the insulator will be permanently damaged and unable to block significant current flow which can lead to the compromise of important electrical equipment. This becomes a concern for applications like spacecraft missions, high voltage direct current power, and microelectronics, as well as many others. Recent preliminary tests suggested that water vapor on the surface of insulators may increase their breakdown voltage and influence phenomena observed during breakdown testing, such as partial discharges, partial breakdowns, and surface flashovers. In this study, thin film PEEK …
Small-Scale “Atmospheric Perturbations” With A Horizontal Scale Of A Few Tens Of Meters, Jonas Hamrick
Small-Scale “Atmospheric Perturbations” With A Horizontal Scale Of A Few Tens Of Meters, Jonas Hamrick
Student Research Symposium
The objective of this investigation isto identify and understand the small-scale atmospheric perturbations with a horizontal scale of a few tens of meters, based on a novel Na imager. These extremely small perturbations in this altitude range are believed to contribute considerably to the dynamics in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere, ranging between ~ 80 to 110 km. By changing the intensity of these Na images to mesospheric Na number density, we can derive the amplitudes of these perturbations based on the Na mixing ratios that provides a direct measure of the perturbation magnitudes. The perturbations of such scale …
Characteristics Of Mesospheric Temperature And Gravity Waves Over Chile In 2020-2021, Damien Devitt
Characteristics Of Mesospheric Temperature And Gravity Waves Over Chile In 2020-2021, Damien Devitt
Student Research Symposium
Atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) that propagate up into the mesospheric region break and transfer energy into the region. This energy process affects seasonal temperatures in the mesosphere and has important implications for rocket launches and GPS satellites. Using the Utah State University (USU) Mesospheric Temperature Mapper (MTM) located at the Andes Lidar Observatory (ALO) in Chile (30°S), wave activity and seasonal temperature changes were studied over the Andes Mountain Range from Jan 2020 to the first few months of 2021 for this study. The primary goal of the whole project was to continue the long-term data collection and analysis (since …
Does Cannabidiol Affect The Physical Properties Of Anhydrous Milk Fat And Palm Kernel Oil?, Joseph Cooney
Does Cannabidiol Affect The Physical Properties Of Anhydrous Milk Fat And Palm Kernel Oil?, Joseph Cooney
Student Research Symposium
As cannabidiol (CBD) is added to more and more foods, it becomes increasingly important to study the effects that this CBD has on the physical properties of the lipids in which they are dissolved, which is the objective of this study. The viscosity, hardness, melting profile, crystal size, and solidification over time are studied for anhydrous milk fat (AMF) and palm kernel oil (PKO). Concentrations by mass of 1% and 2.5% CBD are added to each lipid, and these concentrations are tested against a pure lipid control. AMF is crystallized at 26 C, and PKO is crystallized at 22 C …
Seasonal Variations In Global Ionospheric Total Electron Content (Tec), Jason Knudsen
Seasonal Variations In Global Ionospheric Total Electron Content (Tec), Jason Knudsen
Student Research Symposium
As the Sun ionizes atoms and molecules in the Earth’s ionosphere, the region of atmosphere above approximately 100 km in altitude, the created ionization in this region affects many of the systems that we rely on in daily life. This includes cellular service, GPS navigation, weather forecasting, and credit card data. A good measure for the level of ionization in the ionosphere is the total electron content (TEC), which is the number of electrons in a one square meter column above a given location. The TEC over a geographic location influences the propagation of radio waves that traverse that section …
Application Of Acceleration Data To Inertial Navigation, Eric Eastham
Application Of Acceleration Data To Inertial Navigation, Eric Eastham
Student Research Symposium
In many fields, there exists a need for knowing the precise location of an object. In many cases, the Global Positioning System can be used to determine the precise location of an object, and even its speed and acceleration, to an accuracy of within 10 to 30 feet. In some cases however, such as in applications in space exploration, this is unavailable. Without reference to exterior points, inertial navigation can be a useful tool to determine an object's current location based on the prior movement and rotational changes made. The position is determined by taking the accelerations throughout the course …
Icon Satellite Measurements, Uncertainty, And Error Calculations, Benjamin Bradshaw
Icon Satellite Measurements, Uncertainty, And Error Calculations, Benjamin Bradshaw
Student Research Symposium
NASA's satellite the Icon (Ionospheric Connections Explorer) is a satellite launched in 2019 to better understand the connection between Earth's atmosphere and the space environment. Though its systems were tested before launching further validation of its measurements are needed. This is accomplished through using USU's NA Lidar systems measurements over similar regions. USU's Na Lidar is a robust instrument that has been shown to be valid for many years. Through this comparison Icon's measurements have been shown to not be very precise at its lower measurements regions as it fails to measure a distinct temperature fluctuation around 92 km.
Rayleigh Scattering Is The Reason The Sky Is Blue, Samuel Monson
Rayleigh Scattering Is The Reason The Sky Is Blue, Samuel Monson
Student Research Symposium
In this experiment what is examined is light scattering. What was done was taking a spectrometer and taking in the sunlight over long periods of time. The goal here is to both identify and determine when Rayleigh or Mie Scattering is taking place. In Rayleigh scattering what should appear is blue light, and in Mie other kinds of light should be observed.
Observation Of B0 →Ψ(2s)K0SΠ+Π− And B0S→Ψ(2s)K0S Decays, A. Tumasyan
Observation Of B0 →Ψ(2s)K0SΠ+Π− And B0S→Ψ(2s)K0S Decays, A. Tumasyan
Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications
Using a data sample of √ s = 13 TeV proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2017 and 2018 with an integrated luminosity of 103 fb−1, the B0s → ψ(2S)K0S and B0 → ψ(2S)K0Sπ + π − decays are observed with significances exceeding 5 standard deviations. The resulting branching fraction ratios, measured for the first time, correspond to B(B0s → ψ(2S)K0S)/B(B0 → ψ(2S)K0S) = (3.33 ± 0.69(stat) ± 0.11 (syst) ± 0.34 ( …
Modeling The Effects Of Surface Roughness On Electron Yield, Trace Taylor, Matthew Robertson, Jr Dennison
Modeling The Effects Of Surface Roughness On Electron Yield, Trace Taylor, Matthew Robertson, Jr Dennison
Conference Proceedings
Surface conditions—including surface morphology, composition, contamination, and oxidation—can significantly affect electron yields and consequently spacecraft charging. The effects of surface roughness on electron yield are modeled in this study by considering four aspects of electron yield calculations: (i) simple models of rough surface geometry, (ii) the angular distributions of electrons emitted from various points on these surfaces, (iii) the likelihood of these emitted electrons escaping the rough surface, and (iv) the relative fractions of smooth and rough surfaces. Three simple periodic one-dimensional surface profiles were considered—namely rectangular, triangular, and sawtooth features; each surface profile was characterized by an aspect ratio …
Giant Earthquakes' Effects On The Ionosphere, Aaron Houston
Giant Earthquakes' Effects On The Ionosphere, Aaron Houston
Student Research Symposium
The ionosphere is a part of the Earth’s atmosphere that stretches from 80 – 600 kilometers. Gases in this area are ionized which creates a range of free electrons that make up the plasma of the ionosphere. Integrating the electron density along a line between two points will give you the Total Electron Content (TEC), which is responsible for signal delays between satellites in orbit and their GPS receivers on the surface. Using this delay, the TEC in a specific region can be calculated which helps in GPS error analysis. During the earthquake in Japan on March 11, 2011, there …
Simulation Of The Nonlinear Dynamics Of A Spherical Magnet In The Field Of A Second Stationary Magnet, Luke Price
Simulation Of The Nonlinear Dynamics Of A Spherical Magnet In The Field Of A Second Stationary Magnet, Luke Price
Student Research Symposium
We developed a 4th order Runge-Kutta program for the problem of two uniformly magnetized spheres, one sphere orbiting a second stationary sphere, by means of their magnetic fields. There are four coupled ordinary differential equations that describe the motion of the orbiting magnet. We graphed the solutions to these equations for a range of initial conditions and determined the chaotic indicator called the Lyapunov exponent (LE) in each case. A graph of the potential energy was also made. We look at the numerical values and graphs of the four equations and see how much they differ for a range of …
The Effect Of Temperature Fluctuation On Magnetometer Readings, Brittany Payne
The Effect Of Temperature Fluctuation On Magnetometer Readings, Brittany Payne
Student Research Symposium
The SAM-III is a 3-axis, simple aurora magnetometer that can be used to sense and study geomagnetic fluctuations. These fluctuations can provide information about auroras, solar flares, geomagnetic storms, or radio waves, among others. In line with the manufacturer’s goals of expanding a worldwide, amateur magnetometer network, one of these magnetometers is being stationed at Utah State University. This experiment specifically looks at how temperature fluctuations affect the accuracy of the magnetometer’s measurements. These results will help determine to what extent the magnetometer can be used to gather useful data and as well as decide where it should be stationed …