Digital Commons Network^™

The Effect Of Damping By An Environment On Emergence Of Classicality, Paul Bracken

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

The role of dissipation with respect to a microscopic superposition of quantum states is investigated by means of master equations. This has implications for the study of the emergence of classicality from the quantum level. In particular, it illustrates why it is difficult to observe a macroscopic quantum state. The role of the environment is assumed by the measuring apparatus. A pure state is reduced to a mixture in the pointer basis of the system by means of the interaction with the apparatus. It is the intention that this type of analysis will have applications to experiments which are designed …

Was Entropy Conserved Between Bbn And Recombination?, A. C. Sobotka, A. L. Erickcek, Tristan L. Smith

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Works

We test the assumption of entropy conservation between big bang nucleosynthesis and recombination by considering a massive particle that decays into a mixture of photons and other relativistic species. We employ Planck temperature and polarization anisotropies, COBE/FIRAS spectral distortion bounds, and the observed primordial deuterium abundance to constrain these decay scenarios. If between 56% and 71% of the decaying particle’s energy is transferred to photons, then N_eff at recombination is minimally altered, and Planck data alone allows for significant entropy injection. If photons are injected by the decay, the addition of spectral distortion bounds restricts the decay rate of …

Numerical Study Of Owls’ Leading-Edge Serrations, Asif Shahriar Nafi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The silent flight ability of owls is often attributed to their unique wing morphology and its interaction with their wingbeat kinematics. Among these distinctive morphological features, leading-edge serrations stand out – these are rigid, miniature, hook-like patterns located at the leading edge of the primary feathers of their wings. It had been hypothesized that these leading-edge serrations serve as a passive flow control mechanism, influencing the aerodynamic performance and potentially affecting the boundary layer development over the wing, subsequently influencing wake flow dynamics. Despite being the subject of research spanning multiple decades, a consensus regarding the aerodynamic mechanisms underpinning owls’ …

In-Plane Ferroelectric Tunnel Junctions Based On 2d Α-In2Se3/ Semiconductor Heterostructures, Zifang Liu, Pengfei Hou, Lizhong Sun, Evgeny Y. Tsymbal, Jie Jiang, Qiong Yang

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

Ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJs) have great potential for application in high-density non-volatile memories. Recently, α-In₂Se₃ was found to exhibit robust in-plane and out-of-plane ferroelectric polarizations at a monolayer thickness, which is ideal to serve as a ferroelectric component in miniaturized electronic devices. In this work, we design two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures composed of an α-In₂Se₃ ferroelectric and a hexagonal IV–VI semiconductor and propose an in-plane FTJ based on these heterostructures. Our first-principles calculations show that the electronic band structure of the designed heterostructures can be switched between insulating and metallic states by ferroelectric …

Editorial: Advances In Acoustic/Elastic Wave Sensing For Information Processing, Taehwa Lee, Chen Shen, Qingbo He

Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering Departmental Research

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Silicon Dioxide As The Polar Dielectric On The Infrared Absorption Spectrum Ofthemetal-Insulator-Metal Metasurface, Ahmad K. Jafari, Matthew Gaddy, Imtiaz Ahmad, Satya R. Kachiraju, M D. Borhan Mia, Ishtiaque Ahmed, Sergey Nikishin, Myoung-Hwan Kim, Ayrton A. Bernussi

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

Metal-insulator-metal metasurfaces have been widely used as high-performance absorbers in almost all electromagnetic spectral ranges. Their absorption spectra can be engineered by making variations in the geometry of the unit cells and/or by embedding materials with specific optical constants. Including a polar dielectric in their structure is another approach for manipulating their absorption spectra. In this research, we have numerically and experimentally investigated the effect of using silicon dioxide (SiO2) as a polar dielectric on the absorption spectrum of a metal-insulator-metal metasurface composed of a tri-layer of Ni-SiO2-Ni. Our results have shown the presence of …

Fano-Type Resonance Structures Based On Combination Of Fiber Bragg Grating With Fabry-Perot Interferometer, A.Zh. Sakhabutdinov, T.A. Agliullin, S.M.R.H. Hussein, A.A. Kuznetsov, V.I. Anfinogentov, B.I. Valeev

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The work is dedicated to the mathematical modeling of the combined fiber-optic structure, which consists of a Fabry-Perot interferometer in the form of a thin polymer film at the end of an optical fiber and a fiber Bragg grating formed near it. The simulation results obtained using the proposed rigorous mathematical model are in good agreement with the reflectance spectrum of the experimental fiber-optic structure. It is shown that the combination of two resonant wave processes in the optical fiber leads to the asymmetric Fano-type resonance. The spectral shape of the resonance depends on the parameters of the structure, in …

Constraining The Densities Of The Three Kepler-289 Planets With Transit Timing Variations, Michael Greklek-Mckeon, Heather A. Knutson, Shreyas Vissapragada, Daniel Jontof-Hutter, Yayaati Chachan, Daniel Thorngren, Gautam Vasisht

Pacific Faculty Work

Kepler-289 is a three-planet system containing two sub-Neptunes and one cool giant planet orbiting a young, Sun-like star. All three planets exhibit transit timing variations (TTVs), with both adjacent planet pairs having orbital periods close to the 2:1 orbital resonance. We observe two transits of Kepler-289c with the Wide-field InfraRed Camera on the 200″ Hale Telescope at Palomar Observatory, using diffuser-assisted photometry to achieve space-like photometric precision from the ground. These new transit observations extend the original four-year Kepler TTV baseline by an additional 7.5 yr. We rereduce the archival Kepler data with an improved stellar activity correction and carry …

Using Dielectric Scatters To Selectively Excite Embedded Eigenstates In Cavity Resonators, Olugbenga Joshua Gbidi

Theses and Dissertations

Bound states in the continuum (BICs) are waves that remain in the continuous spectrum of radiating waves that carry energy, however, still localized within the spectrum. BICs, also embedded eigenmodes, exhibit high quality factors that have been observed in optical and acoustic waveguides, photonic structures, and other material systems. Presently, there are limited means to select these BICs in terms of the quality factor and their excitation. In this work, we show that a different type of BIC, Quasi-BICs (Q-BICs), in open resonators can have their quality attuned by introducing embedded scatters. Using microwave cavities and dielectric scatters as an …

Pressure-Induced Charge Orders And Their Postulated Coupling To Magnetism In Hexagonal Multiferroic Lufe2O4, Fengliang Liu, Yiqing Hao, Jinyang Ni, Yongsheng Zhao, Dongzhou Zhang, Gilberto Fabbris, Daniel Haskel, Shaobo Cheng, Xiaoshan Xu, Lifeng Yin, Hongjun Xiang, Jun Zhao, Xujie Lü, Wenbin Wang, Jian Shen, Wenge Yang

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

Hexagonal LuFe₂O₄ is a promising charge order (CO) driven multiferroic material with high charge and spin-ordering temperatures. The coexisting charge and spin orders on Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ sites result in magnetoelectric behaviors, but the coupling mechanism between the charge and spin orders remains elusive. Here, by tuning external pressure, we reveal three charge-ordered phases with suggested correlation to magnetic orders in LuFe₂O₄: (i) a centrosymmetric incommensurate three-dimensional CO with ferrimagnetism, (ii) a non-centrosymmetric incommensurate quasi-two-dimensional CO with ferrimagnetism, and (iii) a centrosymmetric commensurate CO with antiferromagnetism. Experimental in situ single-crystal X-ray diffraction …

"Semiclassical Mastermind", Curtis Bair, Alexa S. Cunningham, Joshua Qualls

Posters-at-the-Capitol

Games are often used in the classroom to teach mathematical and physical concepts. Yet the available activities used to introduce quantum mechanics are often overwhelming even to upper-level students. Further, the "games" in question range in focus and complexity from superficial introductions to games where quantum strategies result in decidedly nonclassical advantages, making it nearly impossible for people interested in quantum mechanics to have a simple introduction to the topic. In this talk, we introduce a straightforward and newly developed "Semiclassical Mastermind" based on the original version of mastermind but replace the colored pegs with 6 possible qubits (x+, x-, …

Measurement Of Near-Threshold Proton Branching Ratios In 31s Important For Novae, Sudarsan Balakrishnan

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Classical novae are stellar explosions that contribute to the nucleosynthesis of isotopes on the proton-rich side of the valley of stability up to ⁴⁰Ca. In ONe novae, the incompletely understood reaction rate of ³⁰P(p,γ)³¹S is known to strongly influence the production rate of several stable isotopes such as ³⁰Si, ³¹P, and ^32,33,34S. A precise measurement of this reaction rate has several potential implications towards matching astrophysical observables to the physical composition of the nova site -- the observed elemental abundance ratios of O/S and S/Al have been suggested as useful `thermometers' to gauge …

R-Process Nucleosynthesis: Identifying The Significant Nuclear Properties, Sabina Gaia Tomasicchio

2023 REYES Proceedings

We provide a theoretical overview of r-process nucleosynthesis. We then identify the nuclear properties that have the greatest astrophysical impact according to recent sensitivity studies as: nuclear masses, β decays and neutron capture rates. Finally, we briefly discuss how the NuCRL model can enhance the performance of the relevant simulations.

Architecture Of Heptagonal Metallo-Macrocycles Via Embedding Metal Nodes Into Its Rigid Backbone, A.M.Shashika D. Wijerathna, He Zhao, Qiangqiang Dong, Qixia Bai, Zhiyuan Jiang, Jie Yuan, Jun Wang, Mingzhao Chen, Markus Zirnheld, Rockwell T. Li, Yuan Zhang, Yiming Li, Pingshan Wang

College of Sciences Posters

Metal-organic macrocycles have received increasing attention not only due to their versatile applications such as molecular recognition, compounds encapsulation, anti-bacteria and others, but also for their important role in the study of structure-property relationship at nano scale. However, most of the constructions utilize benzene ring as the backbone, which restricts the ligand arm angle in the range of 60, 120 and 180 degrees. Thus, the topologies of most metallo-macrocycles are limited as triangles and hexagons, and explorations of using other backbones with large angles and the construction of metallo-macrocycles with more than six edges are very rare.

In this study, …

Evaluation Of Scalable Quantum And Classical Machine Learning For Particle Tracking Classification In Nuclear Physics, Polykarpos Thomadakis, Emmanuel Billias, Nikos Chrisochoides

The Graduate School Posters

Future particle accelerators will exceed by far the current data size (10¹⁵) per experiment, and high- luminosity program(s) will produce more than 300 times as much data. Classical Machine Learning (ML) likely will benefit from new tools based on quantum computing. Particle track reconstruction is the most computationally intensive process in nuclear physics experiments. A combinatorial approach exhaustively tests track measurements (“hits”), represented as images, to identify those that form an actual particle trajectory, which is then used to reconstruct track parameters necessary for the physics experiment. Quantum Machine Learning (QML) could improve this process in multiple ways, …

Cavitation Erosion And Corrosion Resistance Of Hydrophobic Sol-Gel Coatings On Aluminium Alloy, Manasa Hegde, Joseph Mohan, Muhammad Qasim Mushtaq Warraich, Yvonne Kavanagh, Brendan Duffy, Edmond F. Tobin

Articles

Cavitation erosion and erosion-corrosion are the popular failure modes of hydronautics components namely propellers, valves, turbines etc which occurs due to mechanical destructions and electrochemical corrosion. Erosion corrosion is caused due to surge in the number of solid particles affecting the surfaces whereas cavitation erosion is caused due to steady collapse of cavities or bubbles. Aluminium alloys are widely used in marine renewable industries owing to its high strength, light weight and good corrosion resistance. Despite that, cavitation and erosion-corrosion are the limiting factors for these alloys. The aim of the present work is to produce a coating system capable …

Ml-Based Surrogates And Emulators, Tareq Alghamdi, Yaohang Li, Nobuo Sato

College of Sciences Posters

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of The Photon Contributions To The Solar Energy Conversion For Organic Luminescent Down-Shifting Liquid Beam Splitters In Hybrid Photovoltaic-Thermal (Pvt) Applications Using Raytracing Monte Carlo Simulations, Kenneth Coldrick

Articles

A hybrid photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) system combines photovoltaic (PV) and photo-thermal (PT) energy collection into a single structure, enhancing the potential to achieve greater solar energy conversion efficiencies. Such enhanced efficiencies can result in greater economic returns and could promote a larger uptake of PVT devices in cold and temperate climate countries. Through the utilization of a Monte Carlo ray-tracing model, this work provides new insights into the optical, electrical, and thermal characteristics of PVT devices. In particular, the work focuses on evaluating the behaviour of novel luminescent imidazole-phenanthroline-based working fluids that were previously experimentally investigated as liquid spectral beam splitters …

Scalable Quantum Edge Detection Method For D-Nisq Imaging Simulations: Use Cases From Nuclear Physics And Medical Image Computing, Emmanuel Billias, Nikos Chrisochoides

The Graduate School Posters

Edge Detection is one of the computationally intensive modules in image analysis. It is used to find important landmarks by identifying a significant change (or “edge”) between pixels and voxels. We present a hybrid Quantum Edge Detection method by improving three aspects of an existing widely referenced implementation, which for our use cases generates incomprehensible results for the type and size of images we are required to process. Our contributions are in the pre- and post-processing (i.e., classical phase) and a quantum edge detection circuit: (1) we use space- filling curves to eliminate image artifacts introduced by the image decomposition, …

Nasa Student Launch - Payload, Eli Kirk

All Undergraduate Projects

A team of mechanical engineering, physics, and computer science students from Central Washington University have constructed a fully functional subscale model rocket to be flown at the NASA Student Launch competition. The rocket’s payload was designed to open the nose cone and take a photo of the rocket’s surroundings after descending from the launch. Smaller parts were constructed through machining and 3D printing that will be added to the purchased major component, the linear actuator, in order to perform the required tasks. These tasks are signaled by an attached electronics board, which will receive an RF command remotely, execute code, …

Nudyclr: Nuclear Dynamic Co-Learned Representations, Víctor Samuel Pérez-Díaz

2023 REYES Proceedings

NuCLR (Nuclear Co-Learned Representations) is a cutting-edge multi-task deep learning framework designed to predict essential nuclear observables, including binding energies, decay energies, and nuclear charge radii. As part of the REYES Mentorship Program, we investigated the application of dynamic loss weighting to further refine NuCLR’s predictive performance. Our findings indicate that while weighting strategies can enhance accuracy in specific tasks, such as binding energy prediction, they may underperform in others. Equal Weighting (EW), the original method employed by NuCLR, demonstrated consistent performance across multiple tasks, affirming its robustness. This report succinctly presents the developments and results of the mentorship program …

Feature Papers In Optical Sensors 2022, Vittorio M. N. Passaro, Yuliya Semenova, Benjamin Miller

Articles

Today, optical sensors are the subject of a very significant number of studies and applications. Many well-established technologies, including free-space optics, integrated photonics, and fiber optics approaches, have been developed in recent decades to fabricate and develop increasingly more efficient optical sensors for applications ranging from industrial control to monitoring the environment, biomedical use, and even as part of the Internet of Things.

Gamelan Gong Directivity Dataset, Samuel D. Bellows, Dallin T. Harwood, Kent L. Gee, Micah R. Shepherd

Directivity

No abstract provided.

Using Computational Fluid Dynamics And Optical Sensor Technology To Scale Cell Culture Platforms, Mandar Makwana

KGI Theses and Dissertations

Different cell culture vessels ranging from micro scale to laboratory scale to commercial scale play critical role in upstream process development for biologics manufacturing. Based on the mode of operation, cell culture vessels have different hydrodynamic environments, making it challenging to scale. Integrated approaches using computational tools supported by experimental studies can overcome these challenges. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is one such tool that can simulate hydrodynamics within the cell culture vessels and can provide insights at macro and micro-scale. Accuracy of a CFD model significantly depends on the fluid model and assumptions. Traditionally, simple two-equation fluid models were developed …

35 Years Of Optics: From Optical Sciences To Optical Engineering – 3 Cycles Of Abet Accreditation, Sergio Granieri, Charles Joenathan, Azad Siahmakoun, Hossein Alisafaee, Syed Reza

Faculty Publications - Physics and Optical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Quantum Chemical Logic, Atomic Ionization Energy, And Atomic Size, Ryan J. Bouman, Roger L. Dekock

Summer Research

There has been a distinct lack of understanding of the relationship between experimental ionization energy of atoms and the theoretical measures of atomic size. This is true not only in the education community, but also in the research community.

Passive Chlorination: Providing Clean Drinking Water To Rural Ecuadorian Communities, C.D. Tatko, Kyle Borror

Summer Research

In 2002, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that nearly 1.7 million deaths worldwide were caused by unclean water. The risk of death is elevated for young children, for which the second cause of death worldwide is diarrheal disease, which is largely caused by microbes; these microbes, when unaddressed, can proliferate in drinking water. Health risks are further elevated in rural communities, which often lack access to the technology necessary to treat water for microbial contamination. This can be seen in Ecuador, in which only 52.8% of rural households have access to safe drinking water.

The Close Agn Reference Survey (Cars): A Parsec-Scale Multi-Phase Outflow In The Super-Eddington Nls1 Mrk 1044, N. Winkel, B. Husemann, M. Singha, V. N. Bennert, F. Combes, T. A. Davis, M. Gaspari, K. Jahnke, R. Mcelroy, C. P. O'Dea, M. A. Pérez-Torres

Physics

Context. The interaction between active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and their host galaxies is scarcely resolved. Narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies are believed to represent AGN at early stages of their evolution and to allow one to observe feeding and feedback processes at high black hole accretion rates.

Aims. We aim to constrain the properties of the ionised gas outflow in Mrk 1044, a nearby super-Eddington accreting NLS1. Based on the outflow energetics and the associated timescales, we estimate the outflow’s future impact on the ongoing host galaxy star formation on different spatial scales.

Methods. We applied a spectroastrometric analysis to …

Algebraic Tunnelling, Gaurab Sedhain

2023 REYES Proceedings

We study the quantum phenomenon of tunnelling in the framework of algebraic quantum theory, motivated by the tunnelling aspects of false vacuum decay. We see that resolvent C*-algebra, proposed relatively recently by Buchholz and Grundling rather than Weyl algebra provides an appropriate framework for treating the dynamics of non-free quantum mechanical system as an algebraic automorphism. At the end, we propose to investigate false vacuum decay in algebraic quantum field theoretic setting in terms of the two-point correlation function which gives us the tunneling probability, with the corresponding C*-algebraic construction.

Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking And Goldstone Theorem, Emilia Szymańska

2023 REYES Proceedings

We discuss the concept of spontaneous symmetry breaking and illustrate it with a general example. We consider Wigner-Weyl and Nambu-Goldstone realisations of symmetry in the quantum theory. Next, we state Goldstone’s theorem and sketch its proof. We discuss why quantum chromodynamics is not realised in the Wigner-Weyl mode. We also consider different order parameters of spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking.