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Articles 1891 - 1920 of 34093

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Recent Results From The High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory, Miguel Mostafá, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, A. Andrés, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, K. S. Caballero-Mora, T. Capistrán, S. Yun-Cárcamo, A. Carramiñana, F. Carreón, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutiño De León, E. De La Fuente, D. Depaoli, C. De Leon, R. Diaz Hernandez, J. C. Diaz-Velez, B. L. Dingus, M. Durocher, M. A. Duvernois, K. Engel, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, K. Fang, N. I. Fraija, J. A. Garcia-Gonzalez, F. Garfias, H. Goksu, M. M. Gonzalez, J. A. Goodman, S. Groetsch, J. P. Harding, S. Hernandez, I. Herzog, J. Hinton, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, P. Huntemeyer, A. Iriarte, V. Joshi, S. Kaufmann, D. Kieda, A. Lara, J. Lee, W. H. Lee, H. Leon Vargas, J. Linnemann, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, K. Malone, J. Martinez-Castro, J. A. J. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, J. Montes, J. A. Morales, M. Mostaafa, L. Nellen, M. U. Nisa, R. Noriega-Papaqui, L. Olivera-Nieto, N. Omodei, Y. Perez Araujo, E. G. Perez-Perez, A. Pratts, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-Gonzalez, E. Ruiz-Velasco, H. Salazar, D. Salazar-Gallegos, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, G. Schwefer, J. Serna-Franco, A. J. Smith, Y. Son, R. W. Springer, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Urena-Mena, E. Varela, L. Villasenor, Xiaojie Wang, I. J. Watson, F. Werner, K. Whitaker, E. Willox, H. Wu, H. Zhou Sep 2024

Recent Results From The High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory, Miguel Mostafá, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, A. Andrés, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, K. S. Caballero-Mora, T. Capistrán, S. Yun-Cárcamo, A. Carramiñana, F. Carreón, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutiño De León, E. De La Fuente, D. Depaoli, C. De Leon, R. Diaz Hernandez, J. C. Diaz-Velez, B. L. Dingus, M. Durocher, M. A. Duvernois, K. Engel, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, K. Fang, N. I. Fraija, J. A. Garcia-Gonzalez, F. Garfias, H. Goksu, M. M. Gonzalez, J. A. Goodman, S. Groetsch, J. P. Harding, S. Hernandez, I. Herzog, J. Hinton, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, P. Huntemeyer, A. Iriarte, V. Joshi, S. Kaufmann, D. Kieda, A. Lara, J. Lee, W. H. Lee, H. Leon Vargas, J. Linnemann, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, K. Malone, J. Martinez-Castro, J. A. J. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, J. Montes, J. A. Morales, M. Mostaafa, L. Nellen, M. U. Nisa, R. Noriega-Papaqui, L. Olivera-Nieto, N. Omodei, Y. Perez Araujo, E. G. Perez-Perez, A. Pratts, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-Gonzalez, E. Ruiz-Velasco, H. Salazar, D. Salazar-Gallegos, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, G. Schwefer, J. Serna-Franco, A. J. Smith, Y. Son, R. W. Springer, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Urena-Mena, E. Varela, L. Villasenor, Xiaojie Wang, I. J. Watson, F. Werner, K. Whitaker, E. Willox, H. Wu, H. Zhou

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

High energy γ-ray observations are an essential probe of cosmic-ray acceleration mechanisms. The detection of the highest energy γ rays and the shortest timescales of variability are the key to improve our understanding of the acceleration processes and the environment of the cosmic accelerators. The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) experiment is a large field-of-view, multi-TeV, γ-ray observatory continuously operating at 4100 m a.s.l. since March 2015. The HAWC observatory has an order of magnitude better sensitivity, angular resolution, and background rejection than the previous generation of water-Cherenkov arrays. The improved performance allows us to discover new TeV sources, to detect …

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A Preliminary Look At The Construction Of The 4hwc Very High And Ultra High Energy Source Catalog Using The Multi Source Fit Method, Samuel Groetsch, Samuel Groetsch, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, A. Andrés, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, T. Capistrán, Y. Cárcamo, A. Carramiñana, F. Carreón, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutiño De León, E. De La Fuente, D. Depaoli, C. De Leon, R. Diaz Hernandez, J. C. Diaz-Velez, B. L. Dingus, M. Durocher, M. A. Duvernois, K. Engel, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, K. Fang, N. I. Fraija, J. A. Garcia-Gonzalez, F. Garfias, H. Goksu, M. M. Gonzalez, J. A. Goodman, S. Groetsch, J. P. Harding, S. Hernandez, I. Herzog, J. Hinton, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, P. Huntemeyer, A. Iriarte, V. Joshi, S. Kaufmann, D. Kieda, A. Lara, J. Lee, W. H. Lee, H. Leon Vargas, J. Linnemann, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, K. Malone, J. Martinez-Castro, J. A. J. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, J. Montes, J. A. Morales-Soto, M. Mostafa, L. Nellen, M. U. Nisa, R. Noreiga-Papaqui, L. Olivera-Nieto, N. Omodei, Y. Perez Araujo, E. G. Perez-Perez, A. Pratts, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-Gonzalez, E. Ruiz-Velasco, H. Salazar, D. Salazar-Gallegos, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, G. Schwefer, J. Serna-Franco, A. J. Smith, Y. Son, R. W. Sprimger, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torrees, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Urena-Mena, E. Varela, L. Villasenor, Xiaojie Wang, I. J. Watson, F. Werner, K. Whitaker, E. Willox, H. Wu, H. Zhou Sep 2024

A Preliminary Look At The Construction Of The 4hwc Very High And Ultra High Energy Source Catalog Using The Multi Source Fit Method, Samuel Groetsch, Samuel Groetsch, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, A. Andrés, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, T. Capistrán, Y. Cárcamo, A. Carramiñana, F. Carreón, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutiño De León, E. De La Fuente, D. Depaoli, C. De Leon, R. Diaz Hernandez, J. C. Diaz-Velez, B. L. Dingus, M. Durocher, M. A. Duvernois, K. Engel, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, K. Fang, N. I. Fraija, J. A. Garcia-Gonzalez, F. Garfias, H. Goksu, M. M. Gonzalez, J. A. Goodman, S. Groetsch, J. P. Harding, S. Hernandez, I. Herzog, J. Hinton, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, P. Huntemeyer, A. Iriarte, V. Joshi, S. Kaufmann, D. Kieda, A. Lara, J. Lee, W. H. Lee, H. Leon Vargas, J. Linnemann, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, K. Malone, J. Martinez-Castro, J. A. J. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, J. Montes, J. A. Morales-Soto, M. Mostafa, L. Nellen, M. U. Nisa, R. Noreiga-Papaqui, L. Olivera-Nieto, N. Omodei, Y. Perez Araujo, E. G. Perez-Perez, A. Pratts, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-Gonzalez, E. Ruiz-Velasco, H. Salazar, D. Salazar-Gallegos, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, G. Schwefer, J. Serna-Franco, A. J. Smith, Y. Son, R. W. Sprimger, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torrees, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Urena-Mena, E. Varela, L. Villasenor, Xiaojie Wang, I. J. Watson, F. Werner, K. Whitaker, E. Willox, H. Wu, H. Zhou

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory is highly suitable for large-scale survey work. The high duty time (95%), large instantaneous FoV (2 sr), and sensitivity over the 300 GeV to more than 100 TeV energy range make it ideal for creating a catalog of very high energy (VHE) sources. Over the lifetime of the HAWC observatory, 4 catalogs have been produced 3 of which were constructed utilizing the full HAWC energy range while another used a restricted (>56 TeV) range. This talk will focus on the status of the planned 4HWC (full energy range) catalog including the newly developed …

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Searching For Tev Emission From Lhaaso J0341+5258 With Veritas And Hawc, P. Bangale, X. Wang, A. Acharyya, C. B. Adams, A. Archer, J. T. Bartkoske, P. Batista, W. Benbow, J. L. Christiansen, A. J. Chromey, A. Duerr, M. Errando, Q. Feng, G. M. Foote, L. Fortson, A. Furniss, W. Hanlon, O. Hervet Sep 2024

Searching For Tev Emission From Lhaaso J0341+5258 With Veritas And Hawc, P. Bangale, X. Wang, A. Acharyya, C. B. Adams, A. Archer, J. T. Bartkoske, P. Batista, W. Benbow, J. L. Christiansen, A. J. Chromey, A. Duerr, M. Errando, Q. Feng, G. M. Foote, L. Fortson, A. Furniss, W. Hanlon, O. Hervet

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Galactic PeVatrons are astrophysical sources accelerating particles up to a few PeV (∼1015 eV) energies. The primary signature of 100 TeV γ rays may come from PeV protons or multihundred TeV (not PeV) electrons. The search for PeVatrons has been one of the key science topics for VERITAS and HAWC. In 2021, LHAASO detected 14 steady γ-ray sources with photon energies above 100 TeV, up to 1.4 PeV. This provides a clear list of PeVatron candidates for further study with VERITAS and HAWC. Most of these sources contain possible source associations, such as supernova remnants, pulsar wind nebulae, and …

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Veritas And Hawc Observations Of Unidentified Source Lhaaso J2108+5157, Sajan Kumar, Michael Martin, Xiaojie Wang, A. Acharyya, C. B. Adams, A. Archer, P. Bangale, J. T. Bartkoske, P. Batista, W. Benbow, J. L. Christiansen, A. J. Chromey, A. Duerr, M. Errando, Q. Feng, G. M. Foote, L. Fortson, A. Furniss Sep 2024

Veritas And Hawc Observations Of Unidentified Source Lhaaso J2108+5157, Sajan Kumar, Michael Martin, Xiaojie Wang, A. Acharyya, C. B. Adams, A. Archer, P. Bangale, J. T. Bartkoske, P. Batista, W. Benbow, J. L. Christiansen, A. J. Chromey, A. Duerr, M. Errando, Q. Feng, G. M. Foote, L. Fortson, A. Furniss

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Understanding the complete nature of Galactic sources that accelerate cosmic rays up to 1015 eV energy (Galactic PeVatrons) is still an unsolved problem in high-energy astrophysics. Although supernova remnants have long been considered as the best candidates for Galactic PeVatrons, a clear association of SNRs with PeVatrons needs further exploration. Recently, the LHAASO collaboration published its first catalog of 90 very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray sources, and a few of them have no obvious counterparts at other wavelengths. Here, we will present morphology and spectral analysis of one such unassociated source LHAASO J2108+5157 using VERITAS and HAWC data.

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Optimal Radar Ranging Pulse To Resolve Two Reflectors, Andrew N. Jordan, John C. Howell, Achim Kempf, Shunxing Zhang, Derek White Sep 2024

Optimal Radar Ranging Pulse To Resolve Two Reflectors, Andrew N. Jordan, John C. Howell, Achim Kempf, Shunxing Zhang, Derek White

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Previous work established fundamental bounds on subwavelength resolution for the radar range resolution problem, called superradar [Phys. Rev. Appl. 20, 064046 (2023)]. In this work, we identify the optimal waveforms for distinguishing the range resolution between two reflectors of identical strength, leveraging results in quantum metrology. We discuss both the unnormalized optimal waveform as well as the best square-integrable pulse and their variants. Using orthogonal function theory, we give an explicit algorithm to optimize the wave pulse in finite time to have the best performance. We also explore range resolution estimation with unnormalized waveforms with multiparameter methods to …

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Hawc Observations Of Microquasars As Powerful Particle Accelerators, Xiaojie Wang, Xiaojie Wang, Dezhi Huang, Dezhi Huang, Chang Dong Rho, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, A. Andrés, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, T. Capistrán, Y. Cárcamo, A. Carramiñana, F. Carreón Sep 2024

Hawc Observations Of Microquasars As Powerful Particle Accelerators, Xiaojie Wang, Xiaojie Wang, Dezhi Huang, Dezhi Huang, Chang Dong Rho, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, A. Andrés, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, T. Capistrán, Y. Cárcamo, A. Carramiñana, F. Carreón

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Micro quasars are one of the classes of powerful Galactic particle accelerators that emit gamma rays beyond multi-TeV energies. Recently, gamma-ray emission above tens of TeV has been detected from some of these objects. The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory has previously reported gamma-ray emission with a median energy of 25 TeV from the micro quasar SS 433, suggesting that gamma-ray binaries can accelerate particles to above 100 TeV inside the jets. With 2,321 days of data and better reconstruction algorithms, the HAWC observatory detected emissions above 20 TeV from two other binaries, V4641 Sagittarii and LS 5039. The V4641 …

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First-Principles Calculations Of Thermoelectric Properties Of Fe-Based Full- Heusler Fe2cusi, Ai Nurlaela, Dwi Nanto, Anugrah Azhar, Elvan Yuniarti, Tony Kristiantoro, Dedi Dedi Sep 2024

First-Principles Calculations Of Thermoelectric Properties Of Fe-Based Full- Heusler Fe2cusi, Ai Nurlaela, Dwi Nanto, Anugrah Azhar, Elvan Yuniarti, Tony Kristiantoro, Dedi Dedi

Makara Journal of Science

A first-principle study using density functional theory (DFT) and Boltzmann transport was conducted to evaluate the thermoelectric (TE) properties of an Fe-based full-Heusler alloy. The compound studied is Fe2CuSi with a Cu2MnAl-type structure. The electronic properties of Fe2CuSi were obtained using DFT calculations by running the Quantum ESPRESSO (QE) package. By contrast, TE properties, including electron thermal conductivity, electric conductivity, and Seebeck coefficient, were computed using a semi-empirical Boltzmann transport model solved through the BoltzTraP software at 50–1,500 K temperature range. The spin-orbit coupling effect on these properties was also evaluated, demonstrating notable effects …

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The First Joint Observation By Kagra With Geo 600, N. Uchikata, R. Abbott, H. Abe, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Francisco Llamas, Soma Mukherjee, Gaukhar Nurbek, Volker Quetschke, Wenhui Wang Sep 2024

The First Joint Observation By Kagra With Geo 600, N. Uchikata, R. Abbott, H. Abe, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Francisco Llamas, Soma Mukherjee, Gaukhar Nurbek, Volker Quetschke, Wenhui Wang

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

KAGRA conducted its first joint observation with GEO 600 for two weeks in April, 2020. We performed two types of all-sky searches and two searches dedicated to gravitational wave signals associated with gamma-ray burst events observed during the run. We did not detect any gravitational wave signals, which was expected given the sensitivity of both detectors at that time. However, we did confirm that several search pipelines used in the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaborations worked effectively on the KAGRA data. In this presentation we will report on the data quality of detectors and the search results.

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Revealing Ultra-High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission From The Ehwc J1825-134 Region With Hawc, Dezhi Huang, Dezhi Huang, Hazal Goksu, Hazal Goksu, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, A. Andrés, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, T. Capistrán, Y. Cárcamo, A. Carramiñana, F. Carreón, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutino De Leon, E. De La Fuente, D. Depaoli, C. De Leon, R. Diaz Hernandez, J. C. Diaz-Velez, B. L. Dingus, M. Durocher, M. A. Duvernois, K. Engel, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, K. Fang, N. I. Fraija, J. A. Garcia-Gonzalez, F. Garfias, H. Goksu, M. M. Gonzalez, J. A. Goodman, S. Groetsch, J. P. Harding, S. Hernandez, I. Herzog, J. Hinton, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, P. Huntemeyer, A. Iriarte, V. Joshi, S. Kaufmann, D. Kieda, A. Lara, J. Lee, W. H. Lee, H. Leon Vargas, J. Linnemann, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, K. Malone, J. Martinez-Castro, J. A. J. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, J. Montes, J. A. Morales-Soto, M. Mostafa, L. Nellen, M. U. Nisa, R. Noriega-Papaqui, L. Olivera-Nieto, N. Omodei, Y. Perez Araujo, E. G. Perez-Perez, A. Pratts, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-Gonzalez, E. Ruiz-Velasco, H. Salazar, D. Salazar-Gallegos, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, G. Schwefer, J. Serna-Franco, A. J. Smith, Y. Son, R. W. Springer, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Urena-Mena, L. Villasenor, Xiaojie Wang, I. J. Watson, F. Werner, K. Whitaker, E. Willox, H. Wu, H. Zhou Sep 2024

Revealing Ultra-High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission From The Ehwc J1825-134 Region With Hawc, Dezhi Huang, Dezhi Huang, Hazal Goksu, Hazal Goksu, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, A. Andrés, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, T. Capistrán, Y. Cárcamo, A. Carramiñana, F. Carreón, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutino De Leon, E. De La Fuente, D. Depaoli, C. De Leon, R. Diaz Hernandez, J. C. Diaz-Velez, B. L. Dingus, M. Durocher, M. A. Duvernois, K. Engel, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, K. Fang, N. I. Fraija, J. A. Garcia-Gonzalez, F. Garfias, H. Goksu, M. M. Gonzalez, J. A. Goodman, S. Groetsch, J. P. Harding, S. Hernandez, I. Herzog, J. Hinton, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, P. Huntemeyer, A. Iriarte, V. Joshi, S. Kaufmann, D. Kieda, A. Lara, J. Lee, W. H. Lee, H. Leon Vargas, J. Linnemann, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, K. Malone, J. Martinez-Castro, J. A. J. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, J. Montes, J. A. Morales-Soto, M. Mostafa, L. Nellen, M. U. Nisa, R. Noriega-Papaqui, L. Olivera-Nieto, N. Omodei, Y. Perez Araujo, E. G. Perez-Perez, A. Pratts, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-Gonzalez, E. Ruiz-Velasco, H. Salazar, D. Salazar-Gallegos, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, G. Schwefer, J. Serna-Franco, A. J. Smith, Y. Son, R. W. Springer, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Urena-Mena, L. Villasenor, Xiaojie Wang, I. J. Watson, F. Werner, K. Whitaker, E. Willox, H. Wu, H. Zhou

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Located in the southern field of view of the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory, the eHWC J1825-134 region is one of the most complicated gamma-ray emission sites on the galactic plane. The region contains a few PeVatron candidates that can accelerate particles up to PeV energies. Disentangling the overlapping gamma-ray emission and associating it with accelerators is crucial to understand the mechanism of cosmic-ray acceleration and gamma-ray production near the accelerators. In this talk, I will present each of the gamma-ray sources resolved in this region using 1910 days of HAWC data, including their spectra. Also, we have studied their …

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Novel High-Strength And High-Temperature Resistant Composite Material For In-Space Optical Mining Applications: Modeling, Design, And Simulation At The Polymer And Atomic/Molecular Levels., Haradou Sare, Dongmei Dong Sep 2024

Novel High-Strength And High-Temperature Resistant Composite Material For In-Space Optical Mining Applications: Modeling, Design, And Simulation At The Polymer And Atomic/Molecular Levels., Haradou Sare, Dongmei Dong

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

This study explores the modeling, design, simulation, and testing of a new composite material designed for high-strength and high-temperature resistance in in-space optical mining, examining its properties at both the polymer and atomic/molecular levels. At the polymer level, the investigation includes mechanical and thermal performance analyses using COMSOL Multiphysics 6.1, employing layerwise theory, equivalent single layer (ESL) theory, and a multiple-model approach for mechanical modeling, alongside virtual thermal experiments simulating laser heating. Experimentally, porous Polyaniline (PANI) films are fabricated via electrochemical polymerization, with variations in voltage and deposition time, to study their morphology, optical performance, and electrochemical behavior. At the …

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The Jwst-Suspense Ultradeep Spectroscopic Program: Survey Overview And Star Formation Histories Of Quiescent Galaxies At 1 < Z < 3, Martje Slob, Mariska Kriek, Aliza G. Beverage, Katherine A. Suess, Guillermo Barro, Rachel Bezanson, Gabriel Brammer, Chloe M. Cheng, Charlie Conroy, Anna De Graaff, Natascha M. Förster Schreiber, Marijn Franx, Brian Lorenz, Pavel E. Mancera Piña, Danilo Marchesini, Adam Muzzin, Andrew B. Newman, Sedona H. Price, Alice E. Shapley, Mauro Stefanon, Pieter Van Dokkum Sep 2024

The Jwst-Suspense Ultradeep Spectroscopic Program: Survey Overview And Star Formation Histories Of Quiescent Galaxies At 1 < Z < 3, Martje Slob, Mariska Kriek, Aliza G. Beverage, Katherine A. Suess, Guillermo Barro, Rachel Bezanson, Gabriel Brammer, Chloe M. Cheng, Charlie Conroy, Anna De Graaff, Natascha M. Förster Schreiber, Marijn Franx, Brian Lorenz, Pavel E. Mancera Piña, Danilo Marchesini, Adam Muzzin, Andrew B. Newman, Sedona H. Price, Alice E. Shapley, Mauro Stefanon, Pieter Van Dokkum

Pacific Faculty Work

We present an overview and first results from the Spectroscopic Ultradeep Survey Probing Extragalactic Near-infrared Stellar Emission (SUSPENSE), executed with NIRSpec on JWST. The primary goal of the SUSPENSE program is to characterize the stellar, chemical, and kinematic properties of massive quiescent galaxies at cosmic noon. In a single deep NIRSpec/MSA configuration, we target 20 distant quiescent galaxy candidates (z = 1-3, H AB ≤ 23), as well as 53 star-forming galaxies at z = 1-4. With 16 hr of integration and the G140M-F100LP dispersion-filter combination, we observe numerous Balmer and metal absorption lines for all quiescent candidates. We derive …

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Design, Characterization, And Simulation Of A 2d Dual-Rail Quantum Processor, Diego Barrutia Sep 2024

Design, Characterization, And Simulation Of A 2d Dual-Rail Quantum Processor, Diego Barrutia

Dartmouth College Master’s Theses

Bosonic systems, such as three-dimensional (3D) λ/4 coaxial cavities and two-dimensional (2D) λ/2 coplanar waveguide (CPW) resonators, are quantum harmonic oscillators that encode information in phase space, offering a hardware-efficient route toward quantum error correction and simulation in superconducting circuits. In this thesis, we present the design, characterization, and simulation of a dual-rail processor constructed with a 2D λ/2 coplanar waveguide resonators, demonstrating a percent error between experimental and analytical results within a range of 3.31% - 13.16%. The analytical results exhibit high precision but lower accuracy relative to experimental measurements. By integrating both closed-source and open-source software tools, we …

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Search For Photons Above 1018 Ev By Simultaneously Measuring The Atmospheric Depth And The Muon Content Of Air Showers At The Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, B. Fick, N. Nguyen, D. Nitz Sep 2024

Search For Photons Above 1018 Ev By Simultaneously Measuring The Atmospheric Depth And The Muon Content Of Air Showers At The Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, B. Fick, N. Nguyen, D. Nitz

Michigan Tech Publications

The Pierre Auger Observatory is the most sensitive instrument to detect photons with energies above 1017 eV. It measures extensive air showers generated by ultrahigh energy cosmic rays using a hybrid technique that exploits the combination of a fluorescence detector with a ground array of particle detectors. The signatures of a photon-induced air shower are a larger atmospheric depth of the shower maximum (Xmax) and a steeper lateral distribution function, along with a lower number of muons with respect to the bulk of hadron-induced cascades. In this work, a new analysis technique in the energy interval between 1 and 30 …

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Settling Of Two Rigidly Connected Spheres, Z. Maches, Morgane Houssais Sep 2024

Settling Of Two Rigidly Connected Spheres, Z. Maches, Morgane Houssais

Physics

Laboratory experiments and particle-resolved simulations are employed to investigate the settling dynamics of a pair of rigidly connected spherical particles of unequal size. They yield a detailed picture of the transient evolution and the terminal values of the aggregate's orientation angle and its settling and drift velocities as functions of the aspect ratio and the Galileo number, which denotes the ratio of buoyancy and viscous forces acting on the aggregate. At low to moderate values of, the aggregate's orientation and velocity converge to their terminal values monotonically, whereas for higher -values the aggregate tends to undergo a more complex motion. …

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China Spallation Neutron Source And Southern Advance Light Source, Hesheng Chen Sep 2024

China Spallation Neutron Source And Southern Advance Light Source, Hesheng Chen

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

China Spallation Neutron Source provides a large multidisciplinary platform for advanced neutron scattering research and application for cutting-edge research in basic science and many fields of the national demands. Its comprehensive performance is in the international advanced level, and has significantly improved the scientific and technological capability and innovation abilities in related fields. The successful construction of China Spallation Neutron Source has greatly promoted the development of the national large science and technology infrastructure in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and provides important support to the comprehensive national science center in the Greater Bay Area. The synchrotron radiation light …

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Observation Of The Galactic Center Pevatron Beyond 100 Tev With Hawc, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, A. Andrés, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, S. Groetsch, P. Hüntemeyer, M. Najafi, R. Turner, X. Wang, Et. Al Sep 2024

Observation Of The Galactic Center Pevatron Beyond 100 Tev With Hawc, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, A. Andrés, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, S. Groetsch, P. Hüntemeyer, M. Najafi, R. Turner, X. Wang, Et. Al

Michigan Tech Publications

We report an observation of ultrahigh-energy (UHE) gamma rays from the Galactic center (GC) region, using 7 yr of data collected by the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory. The HAWC data are best described as a point-like source (HAWC J1746-2856) with a power-law spectrum ( d N / d E = ϕ E / 26 TeV γ ), where γ = −2.88 ± 0.15stat − 0.1sys and ϕ = 1.5 × 10−15 (TeV cm2 s)−1 ± 0.3 stat − 0.13 sys + 0.08 sys extending from 6 to 114 TeV. We find no evidence of a spectral cutoff up to …

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Synthesis Of Zno: Zro2 Nanocomposites Using Green Method For Medical Applications, Mohammed J. Tuama, Maysoon F. Alias Sep 2024

Synthesis Of Zno: Zro2 Nanocomposites Using Green Method For Medical Applications, Mohammed J. Tuama, Maysoon F. Alias

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

These days, nanocomposites are very popular, especially in medical applications. The spread of diseases in general, and those caused by microbes and cancerous diseases in particular, and the increased resistance of these diseases to antibiotics, have led to the need for the rapid, low-cost, and environmentally friendly production of nanocomposites. To create the chemical G-ZnO: ZrO2 and S-ZnO: ZrO2 (green technique), two different plant extracts were utilized: Z. officinal and S. aromaticum. The effective synthesis and acceptable properties features of the nanoparticles were confirmed using characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) , diffuse reflectance spectroscopy …

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Search For Core Collapse Supernovae Signals In Ligo’S Third Observation Run Using A Network Of Gravitational Wave Detectors Integrated With A Multiclass Convolutional Neural Network, Shahrear Khan Faisal, Gaukhar Nurbek, Michael Benjamin, Bhawana Sedhai, Soma Mukherjee Sep 2024

Search For Core Collapse Supernovae Signals In Ligo’S Third Observation Run Using A Network Of Gravitational Wave Detectors Integrated With A Multiclass Convolutional Neural Network, Shahrear Khan Faisal, Gaukhar Nurbek, Michael Benjamin, Bhawana Sedhai, Soma Mukherjee

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

In the existing body of literature, numerous waveforms of core collapse supernovae (CCSN) have emerged from extensive simulations conducted in high-performance computing facilities globally. These waveforms exhibit distinct characteristics related to their explosion mechanisms, influenced by parameters such as progenitor mass, angular momentum, gravitational wave energy, peak frequency, duration, and equation of state. Core collapse supernovae stand out as highly anticipated sources in LIGO’s fourth observation (O4) run, prompting dedicated efforts to detect them. The integration of machine learning, specifically convolutional neural networks (CNN), has become a pivotal avenue for analysis. This study addresses a fundamental query: how can a …

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Systematic Review On Isolation, Purification, Characterization, And Industrial Applications Of Thermophilic Microbial Α- Amylases, Rugaiyah A. Arfah, Sarlan Sarlan, Abdul Karim, Anita Anita, Ahyar Ahmad, Paulina Taba, Harningsih Karim, Siti Halimah Larekeng, Dorothea Agnes Rampisela, Rusdina Bte Ladju Sep 2024

Systematic Review On Isolation, Purification, Characterization, And Industrial Applications Of Thermophilic Microbial Α- Amylases, Rugaiyah A. Arfah, Sarlan Sarlan, Abdul Karim, Anita Anita, Ahyar Ahmad, Paulina Taba, Harningsih Karim, Siti Halimah Larekeng, Dorothea Agnes Rampisela, Rusdina Bte Ladju

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The α-amylase enzyme, sourced from diverse organisms, including plants, animals, and bacteria, plays a crucial role in multiple industries, notably food processing sectors like cakes, fruit juices, and starch syrup. Research identifies thermophilic organisms as prime sources of this enzyme thriving at temperatures ranging from 41°C to 122°C. The enzyme purification was carried out using liquid-liquid extraction, which involved the exchange of substances between two liquid phases that were immiscible or partially soluble. The optimal temperature for α-amylase was 45 to 90°C. The best pH for bacterial and fungal α-amylases ranged from 5.0 to 10.5 and 5.0 to 9.0. Based …

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Exploring The Early Solar System: Cometary Chemical Fingerprints: A Study Of Comet C/2022 E3 (Ztf) Via Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, Grace Puchalski Sep 2024

Exploring The Early Solar System: Cometary Chemical Fingerprints: A Study Of Comet C/2022 E3 (Ztf) Via Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, Grace Puchalski

Undergraduate Research Symposium

Comets are small, icy remnants from the solar system formation (4.5 billion years ago). Their interior composition should reflect the composition and conditions presented in the mid-plane of the protoplanetary region where (and when) they formed. These small objects predominantly reside in two major reservoirs, the Oort cloud and the Kuiper belt. Comets coming from the Oort cloud have long orbital periods while comets from the Kuiper belt have short orbital periods (< 200 years). An overarching goal in astronomy is to understand the conditions presented in the planetary region in the early solar system. Since comets lack a known mechanism of self internal heating, any processes that have changed their composition should only affect a few meters deep, which is believed to be excavated over a course of a perihelion passage into the inner parts of the solar system. As comets get closer to the Sun, solar irradiation causes their ices to sublime, leaving a formation of a freely expanding atmosphere (coma). Depending on the science interest, astrophysicists use different techniques for data collection, a common one being spectroscopy. Using iSHELL spectrograph at the NASA-Near-Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF), we examine the primary chemical composition (e.g., H2O, CO, CH4, C2H6, C2H2, H2CO, NH3, CH3OH, OCS, and OH) of cometary coma in bright comet C/2022 E3 (ZTF). Our preliminary results indicate the H2O production rate of ~3.4E28 (molecules per second), which corresponds to the rotational temperature of 86 (K). Cometary atmospheres are dense enough that molecules in the inner coma are thermalized by collision (Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium), thus 86 (K) is a physical parameter of coma. We compared the production of the rest of species with that of water (in %) and our results indicated that comet E3 was typical (close to average) in mixing ratios of all volatile species. By mapping the intensity of light with distance from the nucleus,we were able to examine the spatial distribution of volatiles and dust in E3’s coma which were consistent with production directly from the nucleus.

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Table Of Contents Sep 2024

Table Of Contents

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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The Effect Of Different Vegetable Oils (Macadamia Nut Oil And Walnut Oil) On The Coefficient Of Friction As A Finish For Oak Wood, Lee Dillon Sep 2024

The Effect Of Different Vegetable Oils (Macadamia Nut Oil And Walnut Oil) On The Coefficient Of Friction As A Finish For Oak Wood, Lee Dillon

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

Slipping due to insufficient friction with flooring can cause fatal injuries in workplaces and homes. Oak wood flooring is commonly used in construction to build these environments. In the manufacturing process, wood finishing is conducted at the end of the process to strengthen the properties and longevity of the wood, although it could impact the coefficient of friction (COF) causing slip falls. Vegetable oils, such as macadamia nut and walnut oils, used as wood finishes have gained prominence due to their beneficial aspects to the environment. However, little is known about their effectiveness as a safe coating for wood floors. …

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Ion-Induced Cloud Modulation Through New Particle Formation And Runaway Cloud Condensation Nuclei Production, Kamal Kant Chandrakar, Will Cantrell, Raymond Shaw Sep 2024

Ion-Induced Cloud Modulation Through New Particle Formation And Runaway Cloud Condensation Nuclei Production, Kamal Kant Chandrakar, Will Cantrell, Raymond Shaw

Michigan Tech Publications

Cloud formation in the Pi Convection-Cloud Chamber is achieved via ionization in humid conditions, without the injection of aerosol particles to serve as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). Abundant ions, turbulence, and supersaturated water vapor combine to produce new particles, which grow to become CCN sized and eventually are activated to form clouds. Coupling between the new particle formation and cloud droplets causes predator-prey type oscillations in aerosol and droplet concentrations under turbulent conditions. Leading terms are identified in the budgets for Aitken and accumulation mode aerosols and for cloud droplets. The cloud coupling is proposed to be a result of …

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Implementing Reactivity In Molecular Dynamics Simulations With Harmonic Force Fields, Jordan J. Winetrout, Krishan Kanhaiya, Josh Kemppainen, Pieter J. In ‘T Veld, Geeta Sachdeva, Ravindra Pandey, Behzad Damirchi, Adri Van Duin, Gregory Odegard, Hendrik Heinz Sep 2024

Implementing Reactivity In Molecular Dynamics Simulations With Harmonic Force Fields, Jordan J. Winetrout, Krishan Kanhaiya, Josh Kemppainen, Pieter J. In ‘T Veld, Geeta Sachdeva, Ravindra Pandey, Behzad Damirchi, Adri Van Duin, Gregory Odegard, Hendrik Heinz

Michigan Tech Publications

The simulation of chemical reactions and mechanical properties including failure from atoms to the micrometer scale remains a longstanding challenge in chemistry and materials science. Bottlenecks include computational feasibility, reliability, and cost. We introduce a method for reactive molecular dynamics simulations using a clean replacement of non-reactive classical harmonic bond potentials with reactive, energy-conserving Morse potentials, called the Reactive INTERFACE Force Field (IFF-R). IFF-R is compatible with force fields for organic and inorganic compounds such as IFF, CHARMM, PCFF, OPLS-AA, and AMBER. Bond dissociation is enabled by three interpretable Morse parameters per bond type and zero energy upon disconnect. Use …

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Radiotherapy Dose Calculation Algorithm Sensitivity To High-Density Artifacts, Kylie Blue Sep 2024

Radiotherapy Dose Calculation Algorithm Sensitivity To High-Density Artifacts, Kylie Blue

All ETDs from UAB

Radiotherapy planning can be adversely affected by inaccurate dose calculations due to the presence of high-density objects. High-density objects, such as surgical clips, produce artifacts in CT images which can result in errors in dose calculation. Manual correction of voxels containing incorrect information is recommended to prevent calculation errors, but this process can be cumbersome and sometimes results in planners compromising with crude corrections to save time. In this study we aim to determine the significance of small high-density objects and the artifacts they cause in radiotherapy treatment plans. To evaluate the impact of density overrides on calculations, a phantom …

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Angular Momentum Flow Without Anything Carrying It, Yakir Aharonov, Daniel Collins, Sandu Popescu Sep 2024

Angular Momentum Flow Without Anything Carrying It, Yakir Aharonov, Daniel Collins, Sandu Popescu

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Transfer of conserved quantities between two remote regions is generally assumed to be a rather trivial process: a flux of particles carrying the conserved quantities propagates from one region to another. However, we demonstrate a flow of angular momentum from one region to another across a region of space in which there is a vanishingly small probability of any particles (or fields) being present. This shows that the usual view of how conservation laws work needs to be revisited.

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A Practical Guide To Light-Sheet Microscopy For Nanoscale Imaging: Looking Beyond The Cell, Stephanie N. Kramer, Jeanpun Antarasen, Cole R. Reinholt, Lydia Kisley Sep 2024

A Practical Guide To Light-Sheet Microscopy For Nanoscale Imaging: Looking Beyond The Cell, Stephanie N. Kramer, Jeanpun Antarasen, Cole R. Reinholt, Lydia Kisley

Faculty Scholarship

We present a comprehensive guide to light-sheet microscopy (LSM) to assist scientists in navigating the practical implementation of this microscopy technique. Emphasizing the applicability of LSM to image both static microscale and nanoscale features, as well as diffusion dynamics, we present the fundamental concepts of microscopy, progressing through beam profile considerations, to image reconstruction. We outline key practical decisions in constructing a home-built system and provide insight into the alignment and calibration processes. We briefly discuss the conditions necessary for constructing a continuous 3D image and introduce our home-built code for data analysis. By providing this guide, we aim to …

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Performance Of The Hawc Observatory And Tev Gamma-Ray Measurements Of The Crab Nebula With Improved Extensive Air Shower Reconstruction Algorithms, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, A. Andrés, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, S. Groetsch, P. Hüntemeyer, R. Turner, X. Wang, Et Al. Sep 2024

Performance Of The Hawc Observatory And Tev Gamma-Ray Measurements Of The Crab Nebula With Improved Extensive Air Shower Reconstruction Algorithms, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, A. Andrés, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, S. Groetsch, P. Hüntemeyer, R. Turner, X. Wang, Et Al.

Michigan Tech Publications

The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Gamma-Ray Observatory, located on the side of the Sierra Negra volcano in Mexico, has been fully operational since 2015. The HAWC collaboration has recently significantly improved their extensive air shower reconstruction algorithms, which has notably advanced the observatory performance. The energy resolution for primary gamma rays with energies below 1 TeV was improved by including a noise-suppression algorithm. Corrections have also been made to systematic errors in direction fitting related to the detector and shower plane inclinations, O ( 0 .° 1 ) biases in highly inclined showers, and enhancements to the core reconstruction. The …

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Luminescent Coupling In Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells: The Advantages Of Perovskite And Luminescent Coupling In Photovoltaics, Briana Dokken Sep 2024

Luminescent Coupling In Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells: The Advantages Of Perovskite And Luminescent Coupling In Photovoltaics, Briana Dokken

Senior Seminars and Capstones

Multijunction or tandem solar cells are made of multiple semiconductor light absorbing layers. Having multiple absorber layers in a solar cell allows it to absorb a larger range of the solar spectrum. When electrons recombine (relax to a lower energy state) in the top layer of a tandem solar cell, they can emit luminescent photons that are absorbed by the bottom layer of the cell. This process is called luminescent coupling, and it can be used to enhance the performance of photovoltaic cells. Another strategy to increase solar cell performance is to use perovskite as the absorber layer material. Currently, …

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Striatal Beat Frequency Interval Timing Model With Microgravity Stressor, Jason Michael Fitzgerald, Sorinel Oprisan Sep 2024

Striatal Beat Frequency Interval Timing Model With Microgravity Stressor, Jason Michael Fitzgerald, Sorinel Oprisan

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

The Striatal Beat Frequency (SBF) model of interval timing uses frontal cortex (FC) neural oscillations to record the state of the brain at the reinforcement time Tc during fixed interval (FI) procedures in the long-term memory (LMEM). The state of the FC oscillators at any given time is stored in a short-term memory (SMEM) buffer. The SBF model uses the spiny neurons of the basal ganglia (BG) as coincidence detectors to produce beats between the content of the SMEM and LMEM. Across multiple species that can perform interval timing, there are two invariant properties: (a) the timing is precise, and …

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