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Social Behavior Of The Pine Vole (Pitymys Pinetorum): I. Activity Patterns Of Mated Pine Voles In Semi-Natural Environments, Philip O. Renzullo, Milo E. Richmond

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

The root damage resulting from pine vole (Pitymys pinetorum) infestation of apple orchards remains a major vertebrate pest problem. Currently, research effort is being directed at habitat management and at toxic bait development and application as two potentially cost-effective methods for control of these rodents. Recently, investigations have begun into the detailed relationships between the pine vole's physiology and it's habitat in an effort to understand and perhaps disrupt the seemingly ideal balance achieved by the animal in apple orchard situations. In addition to these approaches, which have possible immediate application, one area of pine vole biology that …

Growth And Development Rates Of Microtus Pinetorum Under Different Photoperiods, T. L. Derting, J. A. Cransford

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Photo-period and nutrition are important variables affecting reproductive activity and growth in many rodents. Field and laboratory studies indicate that long photo-period (spring-summer) cause Increased growth while short photo-periods (fall-winter) inhibit these processes. In the montane vole (Microtus montanus) recently weaned animals gain weight at a much lower rate under short photo-periods or in total darkness than under long photo-periods (Vaughan et al., 1973; Peterborg, 1978). Adult M. montanus had more offspring and larger mean litter sizes under LD 18:6 than LD 6:18 (Pinter & Negus, 1965). Similarly, long (LD 16:8) or increasing photo-periods stimulated the onset of …

Frontmatter

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Frontmatter

Proceedings Of The Fifth Eastern Pine And Meadow Vole Symposium, Gettysburg, Pa, March 4-5, 1981

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Entire symposium.

HIGHLIGHTS OF THE FIFTH EASTERN PINE AND MEADOW VOLE SYMPOSIUM

The Fifth Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposium was held at the Sheraton Inn-Gettysburg, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania March 4 and 5, 1981, for the purpose of assessing the current status of research, extension, and industry programs relating to the problem of vole damage to fruit trees. The meeting was intended to create a problem solving atmosphere in which growers; various governmental agencies such as EPA, USDA, USDI; the chemical industry; and university personnel could observe the cur¬rent thrusts of research and extension programs and their potential impact on future …

Colonization Of An Abandoned Orchard By Pine Voles (Microtus Pinetorum), Jack A. Cranford, J. Harrison, T. L. Derting

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Habitat selection by pine voles (Microtus pinetorum) has been attributed to cover density (Goertz, 1971; Paul, 1970) soil condition (Benton, 1955; Fisher and Anthony, 1980), and food resources (Noffsinger, 1976; Paul, 1970). Goertz (1971) reported that pine voles were distributed in diverse habitats, but there was a close correlation with height and diversity of grass. Miller and Getz (1969) found populations in sloping upland woods, Benton (1955) in dry woods, and Paul (1970) in hardwood slopes with a close correlation between distribution and amount of ground cover. Soil type has been examined by Benton (1955) and Fisher and …

Effect Of Photoperiod On Activity Patterns In Pine Voles (Microtus Pinetorum), Jack A. Cranford

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Light is an environmental variable which has considerable effect on small mammal activity patterns. This constantly repeating 24 hour signal provides information on a daily basis and has been shown to synchronize all physiological patterns in an animals existence. Laboratory studies have shown that pine voles are slightly nocturnal (Pearson, 1947) or confined their activity to the hours of twilight and darkness (Werner, 1951). Both authors indicate that activity occurs in bouts of about 1 hour duration followed by an hour of rest. Benton (1955) observed from trapping that more activity occurred at night but cautioned that due to the …

Progress And Prospect Of A Bioenergetic Simulation Model Of Pine Vole Populations, John F. Coyle, Kevin C. Jordan, Alan R. Tipton, Roy L. Kirkpatrick

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

As reported previously (Coyle and Tipton 1980), we have been engaged in the development of a computerized system which outlines the basic demographic features of a pine vole population. The system, when complete, will hopefully contain four subsystems (biological, spatial, control and economic). This paper will discuss the biological submodel, its development and validity, and prospects for its future.

Seasat Altimetry Adjustment Model Including Tidal And Other Sea Surface Effects, Georges Blaha

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

This study is a part of the on-going effort aimed at improved determinations of the earth's gravity field through the adjustment of satellite altimeter data in the short-arc mode. Until recently the key role in such adjustments has been played by GEOS-3 altimeter data. However, SEASAT altimetry is envisioned as providing a more accurate means for addressing this task.

In view of the improved quality of altimeter data and of the corresponding more stringent requirements for the data reduction, several improvements in the existing altimetry model have been designed and are described herein. For example, the criteria have been established …

The Probe, Issue 12 - March 1981

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Contents:
Oregon Postmortem
School-age children believe the pronghorn antelope, white-tailed deer and elk are in danger of extinction
Discontinue the production of calcium cyanide
I’ll Take My Steak Bloody Rare, Please! by Barry Gray
NADCA
The Animals’ Revenge
Animal damage to coniferous plantations in Oregon and Washington
Snares
Visual scare devices
CEQ Uses Statistics
Bat Repellents
Norton R. Miner, Region III Director
Meetings of Interest
Sally S. Erdman
Memorial: Harvey Edwards

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 13, Number 1. March 1981

The Prairie Naturalist

EDITOR: Dr. Paul B. Kannowski

BOOK REVIEW EDITOR: Douglas H. Johnson

TABLE OF CONTENTS

WATERFOWL USE OF A MUNICIPAL SEWAGE LAGOON ▪ G-A. D. Maxson

MASS MORTALITY OF MUSSELS FROM SLUMPING ALONG THE RED LAKE RIVER NEAR CROOKSTON, MINNESOTA ▪ A. M. Cvancara, D. J. Brown, D. K. Cudworth, and T. R. Klett

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS FOR NORTH DAKOTA — 1980 ▪ R. N. Randall

BREEDING BIRDS ON WATERFOWL PRODUCTION AREAS IN NORTHEASTERN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ H. F. Duebbert

FURTHER EVIDENCE OF MARSH HAWKS FEEDING ON DUCKS ▪ R. A. Wishert, R. M. Kaminski, and D. W. Soprovich

FIRST NEST …

Continental Shelf Processes Affecting The Oceanography Of The South Atlantic Bight. Progress Report, 1 June 1980-1 June 1981, Larry P. Atkinson

CCPO Publications

(Introduction) In the past year we executed our largest field effort to date, GABEX-1. The vast amount of data gathered has now been reduced to workable form and we report on some of the first results in this report. The GABEX-1 measurements combined with other observations in the last year have greatly increased our understanding of the South Atlantic Bight during the spring transition period when the shelf goes from horizontal to vertical stratification.

This progress report contains selected reprints, drafts, and parts of technical reports that represent our work over the past three years.

Iowa Academy Of Science Position Paper On Creationism As A Scientific Explanation Of Natural Phenomena, Iowa Academy Of Science

Position Papers

No abstract provided.

The Design Of Oxygen Rebreather Equipment For Use In Foul-Air Speleology, Donald A. Mcfarlane

WM Keck Science Faculty Papers

The design of a lightweight oxygen rebreather set suitable for short duration explorations in foul-air caves is described, together with a discussion of its performance, limitations, and possible improvement.

Acidification Of Minnesota Soils By Nitrogen Fertilization And Acid Rain, Paul R. Bloom, William M. Schuh, W. W. Nelson

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The effect of inputs of acidifying nitrogen fertilizer and acid rain on the pH of a typical Minnesota prairie agricultural soil was estimated. Experimental data from a long term continuous corn experiment at the Southwest Experiment Station near Lamberton were used to calculate the effects of nitrogen fertilizers. Acid rain effects were estimated using soil buffering data obtained in the experiment along with existing estimates of rainfall acidity. In a typical corn-soybean rotation, using 100 kg per ha of nitrogen additions to corn, a 0 .25 unit pH drop is expected in about 38 years. The estimated acidity of the …

Unesco's Spines Information System: A Resource In Marine Policy Documentation, Mary Jane Beardsley

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The Science and Technology Policies Information Exchange System (SPINES) was developed by UNESCO during the last decade. Intended to be a global system, its basic value to marine policy planners lay in its potential to align ocean policy information in context with other science policies and to align the ocean policies of one nation with those of the rest of the world. SPINES progressed from a feasibility study, to a five-year pilot project, 1977-1982. Important investigations were made of science policy research in 19 countries and 4 continents. A unique thesaurus was published in 1976 collecting, for the first time, …

U.S. Army Corps Of Engineers Public Interest Review: An Evaluation Of Implementation Effectiveness, Sharon Kelberg

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is authorized to permit or deny dredge and fill activities in the nation's coastal and wetland regions. Originally, responsible only for the maintenance of navigation, the Corps considered only navigational requirements in decisions to grant or deny permits. Now, however, the Corps must demonstrate, that the "public interest" is served as well. This study examines the scope of the public interest and attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of the program in a particularly controversial project. The initial phase provides evaluation criteria necessary to analyze the application of the public interest review. The second phase …

Promotion Of Distant-Water Fishing Industry In Taiwan, Dah-Wen Shieh

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The growth of distant-water fishing industry in Taiwan has been steady during the period from 1965-1973. However, since 1973, the slow expansion of distant-water fisheries has been reflected in both the production side and the decreasing catch per unit effort. The increasing operation costs and the shrinking fishing grounds are mainly attributable to the limitation of distant-water fishing industry. The small scale of fishing companies with small-sized vessels also resulted in the inefficient operation in this highly competitive business. For Taiwan, distant-water fishing is not only a means of meeting general protein requirements for its population but also an important …

Auctions As An Alternate Method Of Selling Fish In New England, Martin J. Vincent

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Selling fish at the landings stage by auction, as opposed to the current practices of selling to middlemen and through cooperatives, has been proposed by several authors. They suggest that fishermen would receive higher prices and that auction competition would improve fish quality.The aim of this study was to compile the rules and procedures of existing fish auctions, and to explore their effect on price formation. This would provide a basis for any who wished to determine the applicability of fish auctions in particular ports. While the findings are relevant to all fish auctions, special emphasis was placed on the …

A High School Curriculum In Marine Environmental Issues: "The Sea - Use And Abuse" Part I, Martha J. Zimmerman

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

To the Teacher: The materials presented and developed in this learning activity packet involve dynamic, complex, and persistent environmental issues concerning man's interaction with the oceans and the marine environment. As we progress into the 1980's, many decisions effecting the marine world will be made within the political sphere. These decisions will have wide-spreading impacts into the economic and social areas as well. Some consequences will be observed immediately, and others perhaps more serious, defiant of detection, and in some instances even hazardous, may have delayed results. The complex interrelationships of land and oceanic environments, the fragility of the marine …

Report No 41 - A Survey Method For Identifying Roadside Flora Suitable For Conservation In Western Australia, John K. Scott

Fisheries Research Reports

A survey method for identifying flora suitable for conservation alongside roads in south-western Australia was derived from an examination of characteristics of road verges. Two roads, from Midland to Toodyay and from Armadale to Bunbury, were examined. Width of verge, weed cover, soil disturbance, vegetation structure, presence of public utilities, evidence of fire and the type of adjoining land were measured at one mile (1.6 km) intervals on both sides of the road. Also recorded were aesthetic qualities such as stands of beautiful trees and sites of special interest, e.g. the presence of rare plants.

Three variables, percentage weed cover, …

Fisheries Report No 48 - The Western Rock Lobster Fishery 1976 - 1977, G. R. Morgan, E H. Barker

Fisheries Research Reports

The fishery for the western rock lobster Panuldinus cygnus is one of the most important single fisheries in Australia and an important export earner for the State. The fishery is governed by a complex set of regulations which have been reviewed by Bowen (1971) and which are designed to limit the total effort to acceptable levels and to enforce a legal minimum size. It is thus important to constantly monitor the state of the fishery both to ensure that the effort is remaining within the accepted limits and that the regulations are adequately performing their function of maintaining reasonably stable …

Fisheries Report No 43 - A Pit Trap Survey Of Small Mammals, Lizards And Frogs On The Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve, Stephen D. Hopper

Fisheries Research Reports

Ten pitlines were placed in open low woodlands near Moates Lake and in upland and coastal heathlands near Mount Gardner on Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve during February 1980 and February 1981. The trapping program established that Common Dunnarts (Smitnthopsts murina) and Honey Possums (Tarstpes spencerae) were widespread in the reserve, and added three lizards and one frog to the list of vertebrates known to occur on the reserve.

Twenty mammals (15 native and 5 feral), four snakes, fifteen lizards, one tortoise and six frogs are now known on Iwo Peoples Bay Nature Reserve. They constitute a representative sample of …

Scientific Issues And Regulation Of Primate Use, Andrew N. Rowan

Experimentation Collection

Some of the patterns of use of nonhuman primates in the USA and Europe are outlined and a few specific examples of inappropriate and/or unnecessary use are described. The primate research resources program in the USA is examined and some suggestions as to how the program could be made more responsive to humane and conservation concerns are presented.

Regulation Of Biomedical Research, Andrew N. Rowan

Experimentation Collection

The idea of abolishing or simplifying government regulations has a large following in Washington at the moment. As Reagan and his minions start to prune the growth of the past twenty years, we must hope that they are able to distinguish between the healthy growth which provides needed support and the unnecessary growth which strangles necessary initiatives. However, there is one area where we need more regulation rather than less, namely, biomedical research. In calling for more regulation in biomedical research, I do not mean the imposition of outside controls by allegedly ignorant and insensitive bureaucrats (although I think some …

Is Nature Our Birthright?, Nancy Heneson

Ecology Collection

It is of course impossible to escape the notion of self-interest in our relationship with nature. In fact, it is "unnatural," if one understands (and, one is forced to say nowadays, believes in) evolution. However, there is no real justification for either disguising this as stewardship or perverting it into dominionism. Every organism has an impact on the environment, and it is not only idealistic but biologically nonsensical to argue that we should leave everything alone. However, when decisions on policy are made which direct the future use of land, plants and animals, at least let the rationale not be …

Altered Volcanic Ash Partings In The C Coal Bed, Ferron Sandstone Member Of The Mancos Shale, Emery County, Utah, United States Geological Survey

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

When volcanic ash falls onto the surface of a peat-forming swamp and is then covered by peat, it forms a horlzontal parting that can be recognized in the subsequent coal bed. As a consequence of the acid leaching environment in the swamp, the original glassy component and some of the less resistant pyrogenic minerals in the ash alter to clay minerals, usually kaolinite.

Selected Biological Characteristics Of Streams In The Southeastern Uinta Basin, Utah And Colorado, United States Geological Survey

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

Biological sampling was carried out during 1976-78 in five streams in the southeastern Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado, in order to provide baseline water-quality data for an area of potential oil-shale development. The biological activity in the streams sampled generally is limited by physical factors more so than by chemical constituents and plant nutrients. Characteristics of streamflow, such as high turbidity, fluctuating water levels, and moderate to high salinity, limit production of flora and fauna biomass.

Wild Ungulate Forage Requirements -- A Review, United States Bureau Of Land Management

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This report discusses the nutritional and intake requirements of the major big game ungulates of North America. Forage intake rates for the various species are detailed, and major factors governing intake rates are discussed. The importance of forage nutritional value as much as quantity is emphasized, and both biotic and abiotic factors influencing forage quality are presented. Methods of forage protection and improvement are briefly defined.

A Feasibility Study Of The Biological Effects Of Fallout On People In Utah, Nevada, And Arizona, United States Department Of Health And Human Services, Bureau Of Radiological Health

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This is the final report of the analysis of the Utah, Nevada, and Arizona Thyroid Feasibility Study. The report is divided into four sections: (1) Introduction and background; (2) Analysis of Linkage Study with the Utah Cancer Registry and Rocky Mountain Cancer Data System; (3) Evaluation of Tracing a Sample of the Original Utah, Nevada, and Arizona Study Groups; and (4) Options for Future Studies.

Preliminary Hydrologic Evaluation Of The North Horn Mountain Coal-Resource Area, Utah, M. J. Graham, John E. Tooley, Don Price, U.S. Geological Survey

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

North Horn Mountain is part of a deeply dissected plateau in central Utah which is characterized by deep, arrow, steep-walled canyons with local relief of more that 1,000 feet. Geologic units exposed in the North Hort Mountain area range in age from Late Cretaceous to Holocene and contain two mineable seams of Cretaceous coal. The area is in the drainage basin of the San Rafael River, in the Colorado River Basin. Runoff from the mountain is ephemeral. This runoff to the San Rafael River sis by way of Cottonwood and Ferron Creeks and represents less than 10 percent of their …