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Polynesian Rats, Mark E. Tobin

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

The Polynesian rat (Rattus exulans) is smaller than either the Norway rat (R. norvegicus) or the roof rat (R. rattus). Polynesian rats have slender bodies, pointed snouts, large ears, and relatively small, delicate feet. A ruddy brown back contrasts with a whitish belly. Mature individuals are 4.5 to 6 inches long (11.5 to 15.0 cm) from the tip of the nose to the base of the tail and weigh 1.5 to 3 ounces (40 to 80 g). The tail has prominent fine scaly rings and is about the same length as the head and …

Woodchucks, Rene M. Bollengier Jr.

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

The woodchuck (Marmota monax), a member of the squirrel family, is also known as the “ground hog” or “whistle pig.” It is closely related to other species of North American marmots. It is usually grizzled brownish gray, but white (albino) and black (melanistic) individuals can occasionally be found. The woodchuck’s compact, chunky body is supported by short strong legs. Its forefeet have long, curved claws that are well adapted for digging burrows. Its tail is short, well furred, and dark brown.

Exclusion: Buried welded or woven wire fences. Single-strand electric fences.
Frightening Devices: Scarecrows and other effigies.
Repellents: …

House Mice, Robert M. Timm

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

The house mouse (Mus musculus) is a small, slender rodent that has a slightly pointed nose; small, black, somewhat protruding eyes; large, sparsely haired ears; and a nearly hairless tail with obvious scale rings. House mice are considered among the most troublesome and economically important rodents in the United States.

Effective prevention and control of house mouse damage involves three aspects: rodent-proof construction, sanitation, and population reduction by means of traps, toxicants, or fumigants. The first two are useful as preventive measures, but when a house mouse infestation already exists, some form of population reduction is almost always …

Woodrats, Terrell P. Salmon, W. Paul Gorenzel

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

Eight species of woodrats (genus Neotoma) occur in North America. Locally known as pack rats or trade rats, these rodents are about the size of the common Norway rat. They are distinguishable from Norway rats by their hairy rather than scaly tail, soft, fine fur, and large ears. They usually have light-colored feet and bellies.
The Key Largo woodrat (Neotoma floridana smalli) was federally listed as endangered in 1991.
Exclusion: Woodrats can be permanently excluded from buildings.
Cultural Methods: Not generally useful. Trim lower branches of citrus trees.
Repellents: None are registered or considered effective at this time.
Toxicants: Anticoagulants …

White-Footed And Deer Mice, Robert M. Timm, Walter E. Howard

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

Fifteen species of native mice of the genus Peromyscus may be found in the United States. The two most common and widely distributed species are the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus, Fig. 1) and the white-footed mouse (P. leucopus). This chapter will deal primarily with these species. Collectively, all species of Peromyscus are often referred to as “white-footed mice” or “deer mice.” Other species include the brush mouse (P. boylei), cactus mouse (P. eremicus), canyon mouse (P. crinitus), cotton mouse (P. gossypinus), golden mouse (P. nuttalli), piñon mouse (P. truei), rock mouse (P. difficilis), white-ankled mouse (P. pectoralis), Merriam mouse (P. …

Tree Squirrels, Jeffrey J. Jackson

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

In this chapter tree squirrels are divided into three groups: large tree squirrels, pine squirrels, and flying squirrels. Large tree squirrels include fox (Sciurus niger), eastern gray (Sciurus carolinensis), western gray (Sciurus griseus), and tassel-eared (Sciurus aberti) squirrels. Fox squirrels (Fig. 1) measure 18 to 27 inches (46 to 69 cm) from nose to tip of tail. They weigh about 1 3/4 pounds (787 g) to 2 1/4 pounds (1,012 g). Color varies greatly, from all black in Florida to silver gray with a white belly in Maryland. Georgia fox squirrels usually have a black face. Ohio and Michigan fox …

Self-Organized Criticality In Non-Conserved Systems, Alan Middleton, Chao Tang

Physics - All Scholarship

The origin of self-organized criticality in a model without conservation law (Olami, Feder, and Christensen, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 68}, 1244 (1992)) is studied. The homogeneous system with periodic boundary condition is found to be periodic and neutrally stable. A change to open boundaries results in the invasion of the interior by a ``self-organized'' region. The mechanism for the self-organization is closely related to the synchronization or phase-locking of the individual elements with each other. A simplified model of marginal oscillator locking on a directed lattice is used to explain many of the features in the non-conserved model: in particular, …

A 2-3/4-Approximation Algorithm For The Shortest Superstring Problem, Chris Armen, Clifford Stein

Computer Science Technical Reports

Given a collection of strings S={s_1,...,s_n} over an alphabet Sigma, a superstring alpha of S is a string containing each s_i as a substring, that is, for each i, 1<=i<=n, alpha contains a block of |s_i| consecutive characters that match s_i exactly. The shortest superstring problem is the problem of finding a superstring alpha of minimum length. The shortest superstring problem has applications in both computational biology and data compression. The problem is NP-hard [GallantMS80]; in fact, it was recently shown to be MAX SNP-hard [BlumJLTY91]. Given the importance of the applications, several heuristics and approximation algorithms have been proposed. Constant factor approximation algorithms have been given in [BlumJLTY91] (factor of 3), [TengY93] (factor of 2-8/9), [CzumajGPR94] (factor of 2-5/6) and [KosarajuPS94] (factor of 2-50/63). Informally, the key to any algorithm for the shortest superstring problem is to identify sets of strings with large amounts of similarity, or overlap. While the previous algorithms and their analyses have grown increasingly sophisticated, they reveal remarkably little about the structure of strings with large amounts of overlap. In this sense, they are solving a more general problem than the one at hand. In this paper, we study the structure of strings with large amounts of overlap and use our understanding to give an algorithm that finds a superstring whose length is no more than 2-3/4 times that of the optimal superstring. We prove several interesting properties about short periodic strings, allowing us to answer questions of the following form: given a string with some periodic structure, characterize all the possible periodic strings that can have a large amount of overlap with the first string.

Electrophoretic Studies Of Ion Adsorption To Sarcoplasmic Reticulum And Phosphatidylcholine Membranes, Andreas Schilling

Dissertations and Theses

In this study, electrophoretic mobilities of native and two types of trypsin digested sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles have been determined by microelectrophoresis using a Doppler Electrophoretic Light Scattering Analyzer to investigate the influence of hydrodynamic drag, caused by the Ca2⁺, Mg2⁺ -ATPase protruding from the surface of native sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles. After the prolonged digestion (protein:trypsin ratio of 20 for 3 hours at 25°C), the ATPase was cleaved and removed from the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane as shown with SDS gel electrophoresis and an ATPase activity assay. Ionic strength and pH dependence of mobility showed a nearly pH independent …

Interactions Of Ruthenium Red With Phospholipid Vesicles, Dirk Voelker

Dissertations and Theses

We have studied the electrostatic and other interactions of the inorganic, hexavalent dye Ruthenium Red (RR) with phospholipid vesicles composed of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylserine (PS) or phosphatidylinositol (Pl) in various mixtures and concentrations. Experiments were based on spectrophotometric absorption measurements which compared RR concentrations in the presence and in the absence of liposomes at different dye concentrations. Multilamellar liposomes were obtained by handshaken preparations. Five freeze-and-thaw cycles of the lipid-RR suspension produced an ion equilibrium distribution at the membrane-water interface. Results are given in terms of the Gouy-Chapman-Stem adsorption theory with the linear partition coefficient and a newly introduced …

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 36 Number 3, Summer 1994, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

7 - JAMAICA: THE OTHER SIDE OF PARADISE Religious organizations work to relieve the misery in a nation that, for some, is a vacation wonderland. By Mitch Finley '73 Political and economic analysis by Dennis R. Gordon

12 - I'll SEE YOU IN ADR! More and more people with civil disputes are finding themselves in alternative dispute resolution. But is ADR always the consumer's best choice? By Julie Sly '82

20 - UP CLOSE: MARIO BELOTTI The SCU economics professor of 35 years has become internationally renowned through hard work and (he says) being in the right place at the …

Circulation, Summer 1994, Center For Coastal Physical Oceanography, Old Dominion University

CCPO Circulation

Summer 1994 issue of CCPO Circulation featuring article "Large Influences From Small Features: Submarine Canyons"

Results Of The City Of Tampa Surface Water Compliance Monitoring Program For The Year 1993 And Examination Of Long-Term Water Quality And Biological Indicator Trends In Hillsborough Bay, City Of Tampa Department Of Sanitary Sewers

Reports

This report is submitted to Florida Department of Environmental Regulation (FDER) to satisfy the requirements set forth in specific condition No. 14 of Hookers Point WWTP permit No. D029-184532B. The report is based on data obtained by the City of Tampa (COT) compliance water quality monitoring program approved under construction permit DC29-152799 and the report also includes examination of long-term trends for water quality parameters and biological indicators collected by the City of Tampa Bay Study Group and the Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County (EPC).

The Probe, Issue # 145 -- July 1994

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Wildlife Damage Management: Announcing a new resource for wildlife damage managers, by Robert H. Schmidt, Editor The PROBE
Publication Available: Hunting Symposium Proceedings
Berryman Institute Announces the Winners of the 1994 Berryman Fellowships

Center For Sustainable Agricultural Systems Newsletter, July/August 1994

Center for Sustainable Agricultural Systems: Newsletter (1993–2000)

Contents:

CSAS Receives SARE Regional Training Grant

SARE/ACE Preproposals Due Sept. 16

Agronomy Committed to Sustainable Systems

Environmental Ethics and Agriculture in Nebraska

Review of Flat Water: A History of Nebraska and It's Water

Agroforestry and Sustainable Systems Symposium

Nebraska Program Aims to Enhance Biodiversity

On-Line Dissemination of Human Dimensions Research

Groups Prioritize Farm Bill Topics

Study Finds Sustainable Farms More Profitable

Beginning Farmer Programs in Nebraska and Iowa

Biological Control of Insects Conference

Analysis Of The Potential For Plant Uptake Of Trichloroethylene And An Assessment Of The Relative Risk From Different Crop Types, Roy-Alan C. Agustin

Theses and Dissertations

This research expands our limited knowledge on the influence of plants on the fate and effects of trichloroethylene (TCE), providing a screening tool on which to base decisions regarding the need for actual sampling of plants. First, physicochemical properties of TCE--vapor pressure, Henry's Law constant, water solubility, octanol-water partition coefficient, molecular weight, and half-life--were screened against relationships reported in literature to evaluate TCE plant uptake potential. This screening approach indicated TCE may be transferred to plants via retention by root surfaces, root uptake and translocation, and foliar uptake. Next, the PLANTX model developed by Trapp and others was applied to …

Automated Classification Of Stellar Spectra - I. Initial Results With Artificial Neural Networks, Ted Von Hippel, L.J. Storrie-Lombardi, M.C. Storrie-Lombardi, M.J. Irwin

Publications

We have initiated a project to classify stellar spectra automatically from high-dispersion objective prism plates. The automated technique presented here is a simple back propagation neural network and is based on the visual classification work of Houk. The plate material (Houk’s) is currently being digitized, and contains « 105 stars down to K æ 11 at æ 2-Â resolution from « 3850 to 5150 Â. For this first paper in the series, we report on the results of 575 stars digitized from 6 plates. We find that even with the limited data set now in hand we can determine the …

Comparison Of Magnetic Properties Of Polysaccharide Iron Complex (P.I.C.) And Ferritin, M. E. Y. Mohie-Eldin, Richard B. Frankel, L. Gunther

Physics

The synthetic polysaccharide iron complex (PIC) molecule has been suggested as a ‘biomimic’, i.e. a counterpart, to the naturally occurring biological molecule ferritin with respect to its magnetic properties based on the identification of ferrihydrite as the major mineral in both. Magnetization measurements were used to investigate the magnetic properties of PIC in relation to those of ferritin, as well as to identify differences in such properties between naturally occurring ferritin, which we designate here as Ferritin I, and ferritin with an artificially high content of Fe²⁺ ions bound to its core, which is designated here as Ferritin II. …

Determination Of Pancreatic And Salivary Amylase By Enzyme Immunoassay And Their Prevalence In Hyperamylasemic Patients, Sabdra Borgens Ward

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

Currently, amylase determinations are nonspecific for the organ source and are based entirely on the enzymatic properties of amylase to produce a measurable product or byproduct. The determination of pancreatic amylase is important in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. Most commercially available tests for amylase employ the measurement of the change in NADH absorbance at 280 nm or of the p-nitrophenol released from a maltotetrose substrate. These are nonspecific measurements of pancreatic amylase and often necessitate other tests to be run such as a serum lipase.

The two predominant isoenzymes of amylase are pancreatic (p-amylase) and salivary (s-amylase); the most …

Benthic Community Responses To Hypoxic Conditions In The Lower Rappahannock River, Virginia, Mary Elaine Smith

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The effects of seasonal low dissolved oxygen conditions upon benthic macroinvertebrate communities were studied in the lower Rappahannock River, a tributary of the Chesapeake Bay. Benthic communities were sampled during March, June, August, and September 1993 at five equidistant depths (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 m) extending upwards from the deepwater Virginia Benthic Biological Monitoring Station LE3.4 located in the deep basin just inside the mouth of the Rappahannock River. Infaunal species diversity, richness, biomass, and density were measured along with the vertical depth distribution of organisms within the sediment. Significant sediment differences were found between the shallowest, 5 …

Analysis Of Myoelectrical Signals For Building A Dextrous Hand, Christopher T. Creel, Kishan Mehrotra, Chilukuri K. Mohan, Sanjay Ranka

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - Technical Reports

We analyze techniques for myoelectrical signals classification for the purpose of designing a multifunctional prosthetic device for human amputees. The main advantage of our system over existing models is that it is more robust, easier to work with, more general, and efficient enough to run in real time. We achieve this with the help of "Supervised Growing Cell Structures." an artificial neural network model designed by Fritzke [10]. The current paper focuses on the flexion of the index, middle and ring fingers, as these are the most difficult movements to tackle.

Management Approaches To Addressing Takings Issues: Endangered Species Protection, I. Michael Heyman

Regulatory Takings and Resources: What Are the Constitutional Limits? (Summer Conference, June 13-15)

15 pages.

Contains footnotes.

Searching For Basinwide Solutions To Endangered Species Problems Of The South Platte Of Colorado, James S. Lochhead

Regulatory Takings and Resources: What Are the Constitutional Limits? (Summer Conference, June 13-15)

42 pages (includes illustrations and map).

Contains endnotes.

“Takings” And The Endangered Species Act, Oliver A. Houck

Regulatory Takings and Resources: What Are the Constitutional Limits? (Summer Conference, June 13-15)

3 pages.

The Endangered Species Act And Constitutional Takings, Robert Meltz

Regulatory Takings and Resources: What Are the Constitutional Limits? (Summer Conference, June 13-15)

18 pages.

Contains references.

Agenda: Water Organizations In A Changing West, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Water Organizations in a Changing West (Summer Conference, June 14-16)

Conference organizers, faculty and/or moderators included University of Colorado School of Law professors Lawrence J. MacDonnell, David H. Getches and James N. Corbridge, Jr.

Water organizations in the western United States range from small, traditional acequia associations to large metropolitan water suppliers. What do these vastly different kinds of organizations have in common? All are feeling the pressures of change in the region--growing urban populations, environmental concerns, and calls for public participation.

This year's summer program will examine how water organizations are adapting to these pressures for change. Speakers drawn from urban, agricultural, and community organizations will share their experiences …

Agenda: Regulatory Takings And Resources: What Are The Constitutional Limits?, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center, Byron R. White Center For The Study Of American Constitutional Law

Regulatory Takings and Resources: What Are the Constitutional Limits? (Summer Conference, June 13-15)

Sponsored by the University of Colorado's Natural Resources Law Center and the Byron R. White Center for American Constitutional Study.

Conference organizers, faculty and/or moderators included University of Colorado School of Law professors David H. Getches, Lawrence J. MacDonnell, Gene R. Nichol, Jr. and Mark Squillace.

Governmental regulation for environmental protection and other important public purposes can affect the manner in which land and natural resources are developed and used. The U.S. constitution (and most state constitutions) prohibit the government from "taking" property without payment of compensation. Originally intended to apply to situations where the government physically seized private property …

The Prediction Of Sediment And Nutrient Transport In The Buffalo River Watershed Using A Geographic Information System, H. D. Scott, P. A. Smith

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The Buffalo River was established by Congress in 1972 as the first National River in the United States. It is one of the few remaining free-flowing streams in northern Arkansas. The river originates in the higher elevations of the Boston Mountains in Newton County, and generally flows northeastward, intersecting the Springfield and Salem Plateaus as it drops from approximately 2000 feet in the headwaters to around 500 feet at the confluence with the White River in Marion County. It is considered by many to be one of Arkansas' greatest natural treasures, and therefore , there is strong interest in protecting …

Historic Information On A Dump Site In Eureka, California, Susie Van Kirk

Susie Van Kirk Papers

"Proposed construction of a Price Costco store at the northeast corner of Wabash and Railroad Avenues in Eureka prompted the recovery and assessment of a portion of a historic dump located on the property. In recent years. ground-disturbing activities for road and building construction and the reestablishment of wetlands, known as the PALCO Marsh at the end of Del Norte Street, revealed the location of historic archaeological resources. The size of the dump area is unknown, but, at the least, it extends underneath and along both sides of Railroad Avenue from Del Norte Street northward to 14th Street and eastward …

Assessment Of Effectiveness Of Buffer Zones In Removing Impurites In Runoff From Areas Treated With Poultry Litter, I. Chaubey, D. R. Edwards, T. C. Daniels

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Land application of animal manures (e.g. poultry litter, poultry manure, and swine manure) to pasture and range can lead to runoff quality degradation during storms that occur soon after application. Vegetative filter strips (VFS) have been shown to reduce pollution in runoff from row-cropped areas but have not been extensively studied in pasture and range settings. This research involved characterizing performance of fescue VFS in improving quality of runoff from pasture land areas treated with poultry litter and swine manure. The VFS were found to be quite effective in reducing off-site transport of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), …