Digital Commons Network^™

Evaluating Alfalfa Grazing — Dollars And Cents, Robert N. Barnes

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Returns on many Kentucky farms are declining due to reduced tobacco and feedgrain income. This fact, coupled with traditionally low (or negative) returns from typical cow/calf beef enterprises, has been associated with interest in alternative crop and livestock production systems. Alfalfa produced as a cash crop is increasing and many farmers are realizing substantial returns. In the Central Kentucky Area, many farmers have been stimulated to produce alfalfa since demand for high quality hay by horse farms has been strong. As interest in alfalfa is renewed, other farms have begun to introduce intensive or controlled grazing techniques in order to …

The Tolerance Of Legumes To Broadleaf Herbicides., P. Stewart, L. Mann

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trial 87KA52

The control of broadleaf weeds in leguminous pasture is of major concern because of the ability of these weeds to compete strongly with the leguminous plants. The presence of broadleaf weeds in pasture reduces the pastures nutritional value as well as total nitrogen fixation. There are many herbicides which are available to control broadleaf weeds, but most of these are registered for use in cereals. The amount of tolerance that leguminous pasture plants show to many of these herbicides and herbicide mixes is not known.

The experiments were designed to screen a large number of herbicides for legume …

The Exclusive Economic Zone-Considerations For Management With Special Reference To Developing Nations, John G. Catena

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Having successfully initiated and developed the legal aspects of the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) the challenge which now arises for the developing coastal nations is to implement an ocean management system to more fully realize the potential benefits of extended jurisdiction. This study discusses the needs and problems developing nations may encounter in developing such a management system and also considers the ways and means to meet these needs and overcome these problems. The study suggests that coastal nations should adopt an integrated three phased ocean policy process consisting of a (1) priority establishment phase (policy formulation) (2) strategic phase …

Evaluation Of Risk Factors Leading To Soil Destabilisation On The South Coastal Sandplain Of Western Australia, R V R Gwynn, P A. Findlater, J R. Edwards

Resource management technical reports

The problems of wind erosion in part of the south coast of Western Australian sandplain area were described previously (Gorddard et al, 1981) with 7.3 per cent of cleared and 18.3 per cent of the cropped area showing evidence of sand blasting. Department of Agriculture trials have shown that the loss of the top four millimetres of top soil from pastured paddocks can reduce following crop yields by up to 20 per cent (Marsh and Carter, 1983). Animal production problems associated with wind erosion of soils have not been quantified, but a number of problems such as reduced carrying capacity …

Soluble Sugar Concentrations In Needles And Bark Of Western White Pine In Response To Season And Blister Rust, United States Department Of Agriculture, Forest Service

Forestry

Amounts of soluble sugars in certain tissues of 12- to 16-year-old western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl.) trees, each with a blister rust canker girdling about 50 percent of the bole circumference, were compared with rust-free trees. Fructose, glucose, sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose extracted from needles and healthy and diseased bark were identified with thin-layer chromatography and quantified with a densitometer. The host's seasonal growth cycle induced changes in sugar concentrations in current, 1- and 2-year needles, but the bole cankers did not. Amounts of bark sugars characterized the activities of the rust fungus (Cronartium ribicola J.C. Fisch.) as well …

Pesticide Use And Toxicology In Relation To Wildlife: Organophosphorus And Carbamate , Compounds, Gregory J. Smith, U.S. Department Of The Interior, Fish And Wildlife Service

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The use of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides has increased markedly during the past two decades. Currently, more than 100 different organophosphorus and carbamate chemicals are registered as the active ingredients in thousands of different pesticide products in the United States. More than 160 million acre-treatments of these pesticides are estimated to be applied to agricultural crops and forests each year. Clearly, these two groups of chemicals constitute a major portion of all pesticides used today. Organophosphorus and carbamate compounds have histories dating back long before their use as pesticides. Carbamates were developed during investigation of "ordeal" poisons used in Africa …

Consumption Of Water By Livestock, G J. Luke

Resource management technical reports

No abstract provided.

Survey Of Research Priorities In Water Erosion, Waterlogging And Flooding In South-Western Australia, D J. Mcfarlane, E G. Barrett-Lennard

Resource management technical reports

No abstract provided.

Broadacre Pest Control After Ddt, P J. Michael

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

DDT may no longer be applied to broadacre crops grown in Western Australia. It is being replaced by other more effective chemicals and with new methods of pest control. DDT was the most effective chemical for the control of several major broadacre pests in this State and farmers may well wonder why this change was necessary and how they will manage without DDT.

Effect Of Agronomic Practices On Wheat Protein Levels, M G. Mason

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

High grain protein levels are preferred for many end-uses of wheat. However, there has been little or no incentive for farmers to use practices which would increase protein levels, because wheat payments are made without a price differential for proteinlevel, except where wheat could qualify for the Australian Hard grade.

The State Of Tampa Bay 1986, Agency On Bay Management

Reports

When the Tampa Bay Regional Planning Council created the Agency on Bay Management, it charged the group with preparing an annual status of the condition of Tampa Bay, the state's largest open water estuary. Therefore, pursuant to the adopted rules of the Council's Agency on Bay Management, this document is the first State of Tampa Bay report. This report includes a discussion of the history of the Agency, an evaluation of how well the bay is doing environmentally and recommendations about what needs to be done in the work program aimed at improving Tampa Bay.

Harvest Index Of Lupins, Low Tillering Cereals And Maturity By Sowing Date In Cereals., R. J. Delane, J. C. Mathews, J. A. Bright

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trial 87GE21

Effect of plant density on branching, pod setting and yield development of lupins.

Location: Geraldton

To determine the influence of plant density and between-plant variability in vegetative growth on the branching, pod setting and yield development of lupins

Trial 87GE9

Chemicals to control vegetative growth and improve pod set in lupins.

Location: West Binnu

To examine the effect of a number of growth regulating chemicals on the branching, pod setting and yield of lupins under conditions favoring high biomass production.

Trial 87GE19

Chemicals to control vegetative growth and improve pod set in lupins.

Location: Nabawa

To examine the …

Trace Element Nutrition. Tissue Testing Programme 1987, R. F. Brennan

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Project title: Evaluation of existing diagnostic procedures for the recommendation of trace element fertilizers.

Aim: To compare the accuracy and reliability of a range of tissue and soil tests being variously promoted for use to farmers for the diagnosis and prognosis of zinc and copper deficiencies in wheat crops on Western Australian farms.

Trial 87N23

Nitrogen rates on the main copper plots of the long term copper residual trial at Newdegate Research Station.

Location: Newdegate Research Station

To determine the effects of rates of nitrogen on the copper status of plants.

Trial 87LG33

Effects of rates of nitrogen on the …

Nitrogenous Fertilizers For Cereals Results From 1987 Trials, M G. Mason

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Effect of stubble treatment on nitrogen fertilizer requirement. 78C3

Effect of Stubble Treatment on Nitrogen Fertilizer Requirement 78WH3

Effect of Stubble Treatment on Nitrogen Fertilizer Requirement 78M2

Nitrogen Rate on Continuous Wheat with Varying Levels of Retained Stubble *84WH46

Rates of Nitrogen on Continuous Wheat on Heavier Land 87C1

Rates of Nitrogen on Wheat on Heavy Land *87M04

Nitrification of Sources of Nitrogen on Slightly Acid to Neutral Soil 87BA3

Nitrification of Sources of Nitrogen on Medium Soil 87A1

Nitrification of Sources of Nitrogen on Very Acid Soils 87M3

Nitrification of Sources of Nitrogen on Moderately Acid Soil 87WH1

Rate …

Rainbow Trout Cage Culture Utilizing Different Strains, Stocking Densities, And Feeding Methods In Eastern South Dakota Dugout Ponds, Jay Patrick Maher

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) cage culture techniques were investigated in dugouts as part of a continuing program to evaluate the potential of small-scale, landowner-based aquaculture operations. Trout raised in the study did not reach a marketable size (200 g) due to the short growing season and small size at stocking. No significant (P >0.05) differences in growth were detected between stocking densities of 60, 80, 100, and 120 fish/m³. Demand feeding resulted in significantly greater length (P≤0.01), weight (P≤0.01), and relative weight (P≤0.05) than hand feeding in both years tested. Rainbow trout of the Hildebrand strain reached a significantly greater …

Habitat Selection And Sexual Suggestion Of Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep In Custer State Park, South Dakota, Larry J. Layne

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Spatial segregation between Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis canadensis) ram and ewe herds has been documented by Geist (1971), Geist and Petocz (1977), Shank (1979), Morgantini and Hudson (1981), and Hogg (1983), where ram herds consist of mature males approximately 4 years old and older and ewe herds are comprised of all other individuals. Geist (1971), Shank (1979), and Hogg (1983) have shown that segregation occurs year-round except during the breeding season (November and December) when the sexes congregate on a traditional breeding range (cf. Geist 1971, p 209). These studies also have shown that the sexes remain separated …

Production From Heifers And First Calvers, G J. Sawyer

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Heifers and first calvers present the major problems of the beef breeding herd. Reproduction rates, calf growth and survival of first calvers are generally much poorer than those of adult breeders.

Early successful reproductive performance is important in beef herds because of the high overhead cost of keeping breeding beef heifers or cows, Where possible, beef producers should aim to join heifers at 14 to 15 months of age. To achieve this goal, producers should set production targets for those animals. These targets will differ from farm to farm depending on when calves are turned off and the seasonal feed …

A New Science, And A New Profession: Sugar Chemistry In Louisiana, 1885-1895, John Alfred Heitmann

History Faculty Publications

Between 1885 and 1895 the Louisiana sugar industry experienced a scientific and technological revolution in methods, process apparatus, and scale of operations. The animal-powered mills and open kettles characteristic of the antebellum period were supplanted by large, technically designed, and scientifically controlled central factories . In 1880 there were approximately 1,000 sugar houses in Louisiana with an average annual production of 110 long tons of sugar per house. By 1900 fewer than 300 factories constituted the state's sugar industry, but yearly production averaged over 980 long tons for each sugar house. One commentator of the period, Mark Twain, described a …

The Relationship Of Upwelling To Mussel Production In The Rias On The Western Coast Of Spain, Jack O. Blanton, Kenneth R. Tenore, F. Castillejo, Larry P. Atkinson, Franklin B. Schwing, Amy Lavin

CCPO Publications

We have calculated an upwelling index for each month over a 17-year period (1969-1985) for a point off the western coast of Spain. We interpret April through September values of the index to indicate the flux of nitrate-rich water in the Spanish Rias. The index representing the 6-month upwelling series has been correlated with an index representing the conditions of mussels grown during that season on rafts in Ria de Arosa. Two seasons represent extreme upwelling conditions over the 17-year sampling period: 1977 when the upwelling index was the highest, and 1983 when it was the lowest. A comparison of …

Effects Of Fire In The Northern Great Plains, Kenneth F. Higgins, Arnold D. Kruse, James L. Piehl

SDSU Extension Circulars

Fire has been used inconsistently to manage native and tame grasslands in the Northern Great Plains (NGP) of the north-central U.S. and south-central Canada, particularly the grasslands found in prairies, plains, agricultural land retirement programs, and moist soil sites. This has happened for three primary reasons: (1) the reduction of American Indian use of fire after 1875, (2) fire suppression and land use changes that put increasingly more acres under annual tillage since about the same time, and (3) a growing resistance to the use of fire since about 1940, largely due to media overemphasis of its harmful effects (e.g., …

Food-Finding Ability In Cave Fish (Astyanax Fasciatus), Kathrin Hüppop

International Journal of Speleology

When competing under cave similar conditions, such as darkness and food scarcity, cave fish find much more food than their epigean relatives. The cave fish not only react much faster to food but also their food-finding ability is four times higher compared to that of the epigean fish. Several morphological and ethological alterations in the cave fish, described by other authors, seem to be responsible for this adaptation to the cave conditions.

Assessment Of Influence That The Church Of Jesus Christ Of Latter-Day Saints Has On Exercise Habit Of Members Living In Utah County, Gary L. Preston

Theses and Dissertations

This study identified and analyzed the influence the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints had on the decision of 309 respondents to exercise. The data obtained from the questionaires were analyzed using chi-square to compare males and females. Within the limitations of this study, the following conclusions were justified: women were more influenced by the LDS Church to exercise than men; LDS males and females exercised more than average American adults; walking, jogging, and aerobic dance were the most popular choices of LDS exercisers; and, there is a need to improve the awareness of LDS members concerning the Physical …

Phosphorus Levels And Disease On Lupins, J W. Bowden

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trial 87LG39 (81LG29) 87ME62

Location: Pingaring.

It has been suggested that high levels of phosphorus application to lupins can reduce the impact of leaf and root diseases. Two old rotation trials provided a range of disease burdens, across which phosphate rates on lupins were applied. Disease scores, vegetative yields, phosphorus concentration and seed yields were measured.

(Details in Mark Sweetingham's report)

Residual Value Of Phosphate Fertilizers., M D A Bolland, M Baker, C. H. Phillips, D. Proudmore

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trial 84M63

Residual value of phosphate fertilizers.

Location: South Carrabin Block of Merredin Research Station.

4th successive crop on new land. Trial has shown that the effectiveness of the different types of rock phosphate were about the fifth to one tenth as effective as the fresh (triple) superphosphate applied in 1984. The effectiveness of the superphosphate, decreased by 60 between year 1 and 2, and by a further 10-15% by 1987. This experiment will continue as pasture for 1988 and 1989, and will be re-cropped in 1990. The experiment is also assessing soil testing for P. but soil test data …

Eastern Wheatbelt Nutrition Studies, W Porter, S Carr

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

To determine the effectiveness of foliar applied phosphate relative to soil applied phosphorus.
To compare the effectiveness of the number of times of application of foliar phosphorus.
87M81, 87ME106

Barley Agronomy., K. J. Young

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trial 87E6, 87MT45, 87SG11, 87ES8

Locations: Esperance Downs Research Station, Mount Barker Research Station, Salmon Gums Research Station, Melijinup Field Station,

Barley variety x time of planting

To study phenological development and its effect on yield in a range of barley cultivars at four planting dates.

Trial 87E42

Aphicide toxicology x barley variety.

Location: EDRS

To measure the effect of disulfoton (Disyston *R) applied as granules at seeding on barley, to determine if there is any phytotoxicity.

Trial 87ES40, 87E32

Barley variety x cereal aphids.

Location: Malijinup Field Station, Esperance Downs Research Station

To study the development of cereal aphids …

Crop Establishment Methods For Lupin Disease Management, M Sweetingham, V Chisholm, A Pelham

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Contents

A. Crop establishment methods for lupin disease management

1. Pleiochaeta root rot

1.1 Depth of sowing

87LG32, 87LG36, 87ME60, 87ME75

1.2 Cultivation and sowing depth

87WH47, 87NO77, 87M54

1.3 Seeding machinery and sowing depth

2. Brown leaf spot/Pleiochaeta root rot

Phosphorus nutrition and crop rotation

87ME62, 87LG39

3. Rhizoctonia hypocotyl rot

Fungicide seed treatment and sowing depth

87BA25

4. Rhizoctonia root rot

4.1 Cultivation and sowing depth

87NO74

4.2 Fungicide seed treatment

87NO78

B. Fungicide drench trials to determine casual organisms of root/hypocotyl rot 87NO75, 87NO76.

Blackbird And Starling Feeding Behavior On Ripening Corn Ears, Glen E. Bernhardt, Lynda Van Allsbur, Richard A. Dolbeer

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The behavior of red-winged blackbirds {Agelaius phoemcei/s), common grackles (Quiscalus quiscula), brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater), and juvenile European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) feeding on ears of corn was studied in an aviary. The species differed significantly in their propensity to attack (penetrate the husk and feed on kernels) ears of corn. Redwings and starlings were more active attackers than grackles and cowbirds. Female redwings were generally more active attackers than males, but less efficient at opening husks and damaging ears. Redwings and starlings used primarily the gaping technique to penetrate husks and expose kernels. Redwings more commonly penetrated the side of …

Validation Of The Otolith Increment Aging Technique For Striped Bass, Morone Saxatilis, Larvae Reared Under Suboptimal Feeding Conditions, Cynthia Jones, Edward B. Brothers

OES Faculty Publications

Striped bass, Morone saxatilis, larvae were reared in the laboratory for 97 days to validate the otolith increment aging technique for this species. Otolith-increment deposition rates were determined under optimal laboratory conditions for growth and under three conditions of restricted feeding and using both light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Under optimal laboratory conditions. increments were deposited daily from the fourth day after hatching through the first 2 months of life and were discernible with the light microscope. For larvae reared under restricted feeding regimes and readings done with the light microscope, counts did not reflect true age. Counts …

Is Growth Of Eelgrass Nitrogen Limited? A Numerical Simulation Of The Effects Of Light And Nitrogen On The Growth Dynamics Of Zostera Marina, Richard C. Zimmerman, Robert D. Smith, Randall S. Alberte

OES Faculty Publications

A numerical model of nitrogen uptake and growth was developed for the temperate seagrass Zostera marina L. Goals were to evaluate the relative effects of light and nitrogen availability on nitrogen uptake and partitioning between leaf and root tissue, and to estimate nitrogen concentrations in the sedment and water column required to saturate growth. Steady-state predictions are quite robust with respect to a range of parameter values justified by available data The calculations indicated that roots are probably more important in overall nitrogen acquisition in most light and nitrogen environments encountered in situ, but may contribute less than 50 …