Digital Commons Network^™

Adversarial Discriminative Domain Adaptation For Extracting Protein-Protein Interactions From Text, Anthony Rios, Ramakanth Kavuluru, Zhiyong Lu

Commonwealth Computational Summit

Relation extraction is the process of extracting structured information from unstructured text. Recently, neural networks (NNs) have produced state-of-art results in extracting protein-protein interactions (PPIs) from text. While multiple corpora have been created to extract PPIs from text, most methods have shown poor cross-corpora generalization. In other words, models trained on one dataset perform poorly on other datasets for the same task. In the case of PPI, the F1 has been shown to vary by as much as 30% between different datasets. In this work, we utilize adversarial discriminative domain adaptation (ADDA) to improve the generalization between the source and …

Cloud-Based Text Analytics: Harvesting, Cleaning And Analyzing Corporate Earnings Conference Calls, Michael Chuancai Zhang, Vikram Gazula, Dan Stone, Hong Xie

Commonwealth Computational Summit

Does management language cohesion in earnings conference calls matter to the capital market? As a part of the research on the above question, and taking advantage of the modern IT technologies, this project:

• harvested 115,882 earnings conference call transcripts from SeekingAlpha.com
• parsed and structured 89,988 transcripts using regular expressions in Stata
• analyzed 179,976 text files using Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2), which
• saved almost 2 years (675 days) of the project time

Distributive Residuated Frames And Generalized Bunched Implication Algebras, Nikolaos Galatos, Peter Jipsen

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

We show that all extensions of the (non-associative) Gentzen system for distributive full Lambek calculus by simple structural rules have the cut elimination property. Also, extensions by such rules that do not increase complexity have the finite model property, hence many subvarieties of the variety of distributive residuated lattices have decidable equational theories. For some other extensions, we prove the finite embeddability property, which implies the decidability of the universal theory, and we show that our results also apply to generalized bunched implication algebras. Our analysis is conducted in the general setting of residuated frames.

What Does Explainable Ai Really Mean? A New Conceptualization Of Perspectives, Derek Doran, Sarah Schulz, Tarek R. Besold

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

We characterize three notions of explainable AI that cut across research fields: opaque systems that offer no insight into its algo- rithmic mechanisms; interpretable systems where users can mathemat- ically analyze its algorithmic mechanisms; and comprehensible systems that emit symbols enabling user-driven explanations of how a conclusion is reached. The paper is motivated by a corpus analysis of NIPS, ACL, COGSCI, and ICCV/ECCV paper titles showing differences in how work on explainable AI is positioned in various fields. We close by introducing a fourth notion: truly explainable systems, where automated reasoning is central to output crafted explanations without requiring human …

Word Sense Determination From Wikipedia Data Using Neural Networks, Qiao Liu

Master's Projects

Many words have multiple meanings. For example, “plant” can mean a type of living organism or a factory. Being able to determine the sense of such words is very useful in natural language processing tasks, such as speech synthesis, question answering, and machine translation. For the project described in this report, we used a modular model to classify the sense of words to be disambiguated. This model consisted of two parts: The first part was a neural-network-based language model to compute continuous vector representations of words from data sets created from Wikipedia pages. The second part classified the meaning of …

Improve And Implement An Open Source Question Answering System, Salil Shenoy

Master's Projects

A question answer system takes queries from the user in natural language and returns a short concise answer which best fits the response to the question. This report discusses the integration and implementation of question answer systems for English and Hindi as part of the open source search engine Yioop. We have implemented a question answer system for English and Hindi, keeping in mind users who use these languages as their primary language. The user should be able to query a set of documents and should get the answers in the same language. English and Hindi are very different when …

Communiqué: College Of Humanities, Arts & Sciences Alumni Magazine, Volume 6, Fall 2017, University Of Northern Iowa. College Of Humanities, Arts, And Sciences.

Communiqué: College of Humanities, Arts & Sciences Alumni Magazine

Contents:
-- Message from the Dean
-- CHAS Briefs
-- Class Notes
-- Into the Woods
-- Wilson Lecture Turns 20
-- Environmental Ethics
-- Hearst Lectureship
-- Proud & Torn
-- Carver Grant Awarded
-- Physics 3 + 2 Program
-- Alum Speaks to UN
-- Clinic Director Named
-- Cornucopia
-- Woman in Innovation
-- Susan & Paul Rider

A Conceptual Framework For Analyzing Students' Feedback, Venky Shankararaman, Swapna Gottipati, Sandy Gan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In academic institutions it is normal practice that at the end of each term,students are required to complete a questionnaire that is designed to gather students’perceptions of the instructor and their learning experience in the course. This questionnaire comprises of Likert-scale questions and qualitative questions.One of the important goals of this exercise is to enable the instructor and the senior management to examine the feedback and then enhance students’ learning experience. In most universities, including our own, a lot of attention is paid to the quantitative feedback, which is summarized and statistical comparisons are computed, analysed and presented. However, the …

Why We Should Have Seen That Coming: Comments On Microsoft’S Tay “Experiment,” And Wider Implications, K. W. Miller, Marty J. Wolf, Frances S. Grodzinsky

School of Computer Science & Engineering Faculty Publications

In this paper we examine the case of Tay, the Microsoft AI chatbot that was launched in March, 2016. After less than 24 hours, Microsoft shut down the experiment because the chatbot was generating tweets that were judged to be inappropriate since they included racist, sexist, and anti-Semitic language. We contend that the case of Tay illustrates a problem with the very nature of learning software (LS is a term that describes any software that changes its program in response to its interactions) that interacts directly with the public, and the developer’s role and responsibility associated with it. We make …

Semantic Reasoning In Zero Example Video Event Retrieval, M. H. T. De Boer, Yi-Jie Lu, Hao Zhang, Klamer Schutte, Chong-Wah Ngo, Wessel Kraaij

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Searching in digital video data for high-level events, such as a parade or a car accident, is challenging when the query is textual and lacks visual example images or videos. Current research in deep neural networks is highly beneficial for the retrieval of high-level events using visual examples, but without examples it is still hard to (1) determine which concepts are useful to pre-train (Vocabulary challenge) and (2) which pre-trained concept detectors are relevant for a certain unseen high-level event (Concept Selection challenge). In our article, we present our Semantic Event Retrieval Systemwhich (1) shows the importance of high-level concepts …

Visual Sentiment Analysis For Review Images With Item-Oriented And User-Oriented Cnn, Quoc Tuan Truong, Hady W. Lauw

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Online reviews are prevalent. When recounting their experience with a product, service, or venue, in addition to textual narration, a reviewer frequently includes images as photographic record. While textual sentiment analysis has been widely studied, in this paper we are interested in visual sentiment analysis to infer whether a given image included as part of a review expresses the overall positive or negative sentiment of that review. Visual sentiment analysis can be formulated as image classification using deep learning methods such as Convolutional Neural Networks or CNN. However, we observe that the sentiment captured within an image may be affected …

Exploring The Internal Statistics: Single Image Super-Resolution, Completion And Captioning, Yang Xian

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Image enhancement has drawn increasingly attention in improving image quality or interpretability. It aims to modify images to achieve a better perception for human visual system or a more suitable representation for further analysis in a variety of applications such as medical imaging, remote sensing, and video surveillance. Based on different attributes of the given input images, enhancement tasks vary, e.g., noise removal, deblurring, resolution enhancement, prediction of missing pixels, etc. The latter two are usually referred to as image super-resolution and image inpainting (or completion).

Image super-resolution and completion are numerically ill-posed problems. Multi-frame-based approaches make use of the …

Am I Who I Say I Am? Unobtrusive Selfrepresentation And Personality Recognition On Facebook, Margeret A. Hall, Simon Caton

Interdisciplinary Informatics Faculty Publications

Across social media platforms users (sub)consciously represent themselves in a way which is appropriate for their intended audience. This has unknown impacts on studies with unobtrusive designs based on digital (social) platforms, and studies of contemporary social phenomena in online settings. A lack of appropriate methods to identify, control for, and mitigate the effects of self-representation, the propensity to express socially responding characteristics or self-censorship in digital settings, hinders the ability of researchers to confidently interpret and generalize their findings. This article proposes applying boosted regression modelling to fill this research gap. A case study of paid Amazon Mechanical Turk …

Improving Speech Recognition For Interviews With Both Clean And Telephone Speech, Sung Woo Choi

Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato

High quality automatic speech recognition (ASR) depends on the context of the speech. Cleanly recorded speech has better results than speech recorded over telephone lines. In telephone speech, the signal is band-pass filtered which limits frequencies available for computation. Consequently, the transmitted speech signal may be distorted by noise, causing higher word error rates (WER). The main goal of this research project is to examine approaches to improve recognition of telephone speech while maintaining or improving results for clean speech in mixed telephone-clean speech recordings, by reducing mismatches between the test data and the available models. The test data includes …

The Human Touch: How Non-Expert Users Perceive, Interpret, And Fix Topic Models, Tak Yeon Lee, Alison Smith, Kevin Seppi, Niklas Elmqvist, Jordan Boyd-Graber, Leah Findlater

Faculty Publications

Topic modeling is a common tool for understanding large bodies of text, but is typically provided as a “take it or leave it” proposition. Incorporating human knowledge in unsupervised learning is a promising approach to create high-quality topic models. Existing interactive systems and modeling algorithms support a wide range of refinement operations to express feedback. However, these systems’ interactions are primarily driven by algorithmic convenience, ignoring users who may lack expertise in topic modeling. To better understand how non-expert users understand, assess, and refine topics, we conducted two user studies—an in-person interview study and an online crowdsourced study. These studies …

Y-Chromosome Markers For The Red Fox, Halie M. Rando, Jeremy T. Stutchman, Estelle R. Bastounes, Jennifer L. Johnson, Carlos A. Driscoll, Christina S. Barr, Lyudmila N. Trut, Benjamin N. Sacks, Anna V. Kukekova

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

The de novo assembly of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) genome has facilitated the development of genomic tools for the species. Efforts to identify the population history of red foxes in North America have previously been limited by a lack of information about the red fox Y-chromosome sequence. However, a megabase of red fox Y-chromosome sequence was recently identified over 2 scaffolds in the reference genome. Here, these scaffolds were scanned for repeated motifs, revealing 194 likely microsatellites. Twenty-Three of these loci were selected for primer development and, after testing, produced a panel of 11 novel markers that …

How Singapore Investors Can Profit From Unstructured Data, Clarence Goh

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

Data that is collected in the business environment can be structured or unstructured. In general, structured data refers to information which is highly organised and which can easily be stored in rows and columns within database systems. On the other hand, unstructured data does not have a strict data structure, and is also not organised in a pre-defined manner.

Nlp2code: Code Snippet Content Assist Via Natural Language Tasks, Brock A. Campbell, Christoph Treude

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Developers increasingly take to the Internet for code snippets to integrate into their programs. To save developers the time required to switch from their development environments to a web browser in the quest for a suitable code snippet, we introduce NLP2Code, a content assist for code snippets. Unlike related tools, NLP2Code integrates directly into the source code editor and provides developers with a content assist feature to close the vocabulary gap between developers’ needs and code snippet meta data. Our preliminary evaluation of NLP2Code shows that the majority of invocations lead to code snippets rated as helpful by users and …

Involute Analysis: Virtual Discourse, Memory Systems And Archive In The Involutes Of Thomas De Quincey, Kimberley A. Garcia

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Thomas De Quincey’s involutes inform metaphysical thought on memory and language, particularly concerning multiplicity and the virtual, repetition and difference. When co-opting the mathematic and mechanic involute in Suspiria de Profundis, De Quincey generates an interdisciplinary matrix for the semiotics underpinning his philosophy of language and theory of memory and experience. Involutes entangle and reproduce. De Quincey’s involute exposes the concrete and actual through which all experience accesses the abstract or virtual. The materiality of their informatics and technics provides a literary model and theoretical precursor to a combination of archive and systems theory. The textuality of involute system(s)—both …

Xsearch: A Domain-Specific Cross-Language Relevant Question Retrieval Tool, Bowen Xu, Zhenchang Xing, Xin Xia, David Lo, Xuan-Bach D. Le

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

During software development process, Chinese developers often seek solutions to the technical problems they encounter by searching relevant questions on Q&A sites. When developers fail to find solutions on Q&A sites in Chinese, they could translate their query and search on the English Q&A sites. However, Chinese developers who are non-native English speakers often are not comfortable to ask or search questions in English, as they do not know the proper translation of the Chinese technical words into the English technical words. Furthermore, the process of manually formulating cross-language queries and determining the importance of query words is a tedious …

Inferring Spread Of Readers’ Emotion Affected By Online News, Agus Sulistya, Ferdian Thung, David Lo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Depending on the reader, A news article may be viewed from many different perspectives, thus triggering different (and possibly contradicting) emotions. In this paper, we formulate a problem of predicting readers’ emotion distribution affected by a news article. Our approach analyzes affective annotations provided by readers of news articles taken from a non-English online news site. We create a new corpus from the annotated articles, and build a domain-specific emotion lexicon and word embedding features. We finally construct a multi-target regression model from a set of features extracted from online news articles. Our experiments show that by combining lexicon and …

Impact Of Habitat Degradation On Species Diversity And Nest Abundance Of Five African Stingless Bee Species In A Tropical Rainforest Of Kenya, Nkoba Kiatoko, Suresh Kumar Raina, Frank Van Langevelde

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Natural habitat degradation often involves the reduction or disappearance of bee species. In Africa, stingless bees are hunted for honey, which is used as food, for medicinal purposes, and for traditional rituals. Severe habitat degradation due to human settlement is hypothesized to have a negative impact on the species diversity of the African stingless bee species. In this paper, we assess the impact of habitat degradation on the diversity of five stingless bee species across different habitats in the tropical rainforest of Kenya (indigenous forest, mixed indigenous forest) and its neighbouring landscape (grassland, village) in western Kenya. The species fauna, …

Rating By Ranking: An Improved Scale For Judgement-Based Labels, Jack O'Neill, Sarah Jane Delany, Brian Mac Namee

Conference papers

Labels representing value judgements are commonly elicited using an interval scale of absolute values. Data collected in such a manner is not always reliable. Psychologists have long recognized a number of biases to which many human raters are prone, and which result in disagreement among raters as to the true gold standard rating of any particular object. We hypothesize that the issues arising from rater bias may be mitigated by treating the data received as an ordered set of preferences rather than a collection of absolute values. We experiment on real-world and artificially generated data, finding that treating label ratings …

Detect Rumors In Microblog Posts Using Propagation Structure Via Kernel Learning, Jing Ma, Wei Gao, Kam-Fai Wong

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

How fake news goes viral via social media? How does its propagation pattern differ from real stories? In this paper, we attempt to address the problem of identifying rumors, i.e., fake information, out of microblog posts based on their propagation structure. We firstly model microblog posts diffusion with propagation trees, which provide valuable clues on how an original message is transmitted and developed over time. We then propose a kernel-based method called Propagation Tree Kernel, which captures high-order patterns differentiating different types of rumors by evaluating the similarities between their propagation tree structures. Experimental results on two real-world datasets demonstrate …

An Intelligent Multimodal Upper-Limb Rehabilitation Robotic System, Alexandros Lioulemes

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

A traffic accident, a battlefield injury, or a stroke can lead to brain or musculoskeletal injuries that impact motor and cognitive functions and can drastically change a person's life. In such situations, rehabilitation plays a critical role in the ability of the patient to partially or totally regain motor function, but the optimal training approach remains unclear. Robotic technologies are recognized as powerful tools to promote neuroplasticity and stimulate motor re-learning. Moreover, they deliver high-intensity, repetitive, active and task-oriented training; in addition, they provide objective measurements for patient evaluation. The primary focus of this research is to investigate the development …

Simple Weight Modules Of The Lie Algebra Of Vector Fields Of C2, Andrew Cavaness

Mathematics Dissertations - Archive

Classification of the weight modules of the Lie algebra Wn of vector fields on C n has been a long-standing problem in the area of representation theory. In this thesis, a classification of all simple weight modules of W2 with a uniformly bounded set of weight multiplicities is provided, and much of the theory that will be needed to classify all simple weight modules of Wn with a uniformly bounded set of weight multiplicities will also be developed. To achieve this classification, a new family of generalized tensor Wn-modules is introduced, and a twisted localization functor is applied.

Humor Detection, Manan Jain

Dissertations and Theses

Humor is a very complex characteristic concept that defines us as human beings and social entities. Humor is an essential component in personal communication. How to create a method or model to discover the structures behind humor, recognize humor and even extraction of humor remains a challenge because of its subjective nature. Humor also provides valuable information related to linguistic, psychological, neurological and sociological phenomena. However, because of its complexity, humor is still an undefined phenomenon. Because the reaction that make people laugh can hardly be generalized or formalized. For instance, cognitive aspects as well as cultural knowledge, are some …

Speech Processing Approach For Diagnosing Dementia In An Early Stage, Roozbeh Sadeghian, J. David Schaffer, Stephen A. Zahorian

Faculty Works

The clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias is very challenging, especially in the early stages. Our hypothesis is that any disease that affects particular brain regions involved in speech production and processing will also leave detectable finger prints in the speech. Computerized analysis of speech signals and computational linguistics have progressed to the point where an automatic speech analysis system is a promising approach for a low-cost non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of Alzheimer’s disease.

We present empirical evidence that strong discrimination between subjects with a diagnosis of probable Alzheimer’s versus matched normal controls can be achieved …

Vertex Weighted Spectral Clustering, Mohammad Masum

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Spectral clustering is often used to partition a data set into a specified number of clusters. Both the unweighted and the vertex-weighted approaches use eigenvectors of the Laplacian matrix of a graph. Our focus is on using vertex-weighted methods to refine clustering of observations. An eigenvector corresponding with the second smallest eigenvalue of the Laplacian matrix of a graph is called a Fiedler vector. Coefficients of a Fiedler vector are used to partition vertices of a given graph into two clusters. A vertex of a graph is classified as unassociated if the Fiedler coefficient of the vertex is close to …

Semantic Visualization For Short Texts With Word Embeddings, Van Minh Tuan Le, Hady W. Lauw

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Semantic visualization integrates topic modeling and visualization, such that every document is associated with a topic distribution as well as visualization coordinates on a low-dimensional Euclidean space. We address the problem of semantic visualization for short texts. Such documents are increasingly common, including tweets, search snippets, news headlines, or status updates. Due to their short lengths, it is difficult to model semantics as the word co-occurrences in such a corpus are very sparse. Our approach is to incorporate auxiliary information, such as word embeddings from a larger corpus, to supplement the lack of co-occurrences. This requires the development of a …