Digital Commons Network^™

Fall 2008 Nova Southeastern University Undergraduate Student Catalog, Nova Southeastern University

Undergraduate Programs Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Existence Of Multiple-Stable Equilibria For A Multi-Drug-Resistant Model Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Abba B. Gumel, Baojun Song

Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

The resurgence of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis in some parts of Europe and North America calls for a mathematical study to assess the impact of the emergence and spread of such strain on the global effort to effectively control the burden of tuberculosis. This paper presents a deterministic compartmental model for the transmission dynamics of two strains of tuberculosis, a drug-sensitive (wild) one and a multi-drug-resistant strain. The model allows for the assessment of the treatment of people infected with the wild strain. The qualitative analysis of the model reveals the following. The model has a disease-free equilibrium, which is locally asymptotically …

Sheep Updates 2008 - Part 3, L. J. E. Karlsson, J. C. Greeff, L. Slocombe, K. Jones, N. Underwood, Fred Wilkinson, W. D. Hoffman, W. A. Mckiernan, V. H. Oddy, M. J. Mcphee, B. L. Mcintyre, P. F. Parnell, R. A. Clark, J. Timms, G. Griffith, C. Mulholland, P. Hyland, Danielle England, Fiona Jones, John Lucey, Martin Staines, Richard Morris, Megan Abrahams, Caroline Peek, Dennis Van Gool, Daniel Gardiner, Kari-Lee Falconer, Sandra Prosser, Mario D'Antuono, John Young, Andrew Thompson, Chris Oldham, Brown Besier, Angus Campbell, Ralph Behrendt

Sheep Updates

This session covers fiveteen papers from different authors:

CONTROLLING FLY STRIKE

1. Breeding for Blowfly Resistance - Indicatoe Traits, LJE Karlsson, JC Greeff, L Slocombe, Department of Agriculture & Food, Western Australia

2.A practical method to select for breech strike resistance in non-pedigreed Merino flocks, LJE Karlsson, JC Greeff, L Slocombe, K. Jones, N. Underwood, Department of Agriculture & Food, Western Australia

3. Twice a year shearing - no mulesing, Fred Wilkinson, Producer, Brookton WA

BEEF

4. Commercial testing of a new tool for prediction of fatness in beef cattle, WD Hoffman^A, WA McKiernan^A, VH Oddy …

11th International Coral Reef Symposium Abstracts, Bernhard Riegl (Editor), Richard E. Dodge (Editor)

ICRS Conference Proceedings

No abstract provided.

The Beginning Of The End For Chimpanzee Experiments?, Andrew Knight

Experimentation Collection

The advanced sensory, psychological and social abilities of chimpanzees confer upon them a profound ability to suffer when born into unnatural captive environments, or captured from the wild – as many older research chimpanzees once were – and when subsequently subjected to confinement, social disruption, and involuntary participation in potentially harmful biomedical research. Justifications for such research depend primarily on the important contributions advocates claim it has made toward medical advancements. However, a recent large-scale systematic review indicates that invasive chimpanzee experiments rarely provide benefits in excess of their profound animal welfare, bioethical and financial costs. The approval of large …

Doubly Robust Ecological Inference, Daniel B. Rubin, Mark J. Van Der Laan

U.C. Berkeley Division of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

The ecological inference problem is a famous longstanding puzzle that arises in many disciplines. The usual formulation in epidemiology is that we would like to quantify an exposure-disease association by obtaining disease rates among the exposed and unexposed, but only have access to exposure rates and disease rates for several regions. The problem is generally intractable, but can be attacked under the assumptions of King's (1997) extended technique if we can correctly specify a model for a certain conditional distribution. We introduce a procedure that it is a valid approach if either this original model is correct or if we …

Log-Linear Model To Assess Socioeconomic And Environmental Factors With Childhood Diarrhea Using Hospital Based Surveillance, Krishnan Rajendran, Thandavarayan Ramamurthy, Sujit Kumar Bhattacharya

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Categorical outcomes with environment factors analyzed by log linear model are frequent in the environmental epidemiological literature. Epidemiological and socio-economical factors were obtained on 1,119 children below the age of 5 from Infectious Diseases Hospital (IDH) at the Kolkata, India. Significant associations of diarrhea were observed in the rural areas with family income, father’s occupation as a daily labor, literacy of parents, non-cemented floor and wall constructed of mud, and type of storage (wide mouthed earthen pot). The results of the study with specific Log linear model confirm environmental factors were important implications for childhood diarrhea in the rural community. …

Differential Equations: A Universal Language, Bethany Caron

Senior Honors Projects

“Mathematics knows no races or geographic boundaries; for mathematics, the cultural world is one country.” – David Hilbert Differential equations are equations of one or more variables that involve both functions and their derivatives. These equations have many applications to the everyday “non-math” world, including modeling in engineering, physics, biology, chemistry, and economics. Differential equations are used when a situation arises where one needs to study a continuously changing quantity (expressed as a function) and its rate of change (expressed through its derivatives). The solutions to differential equations are functions that make the original equation hold true, and they can …

Preparation And Characterization Of Macroporous Electrodes For Electrochemical Bioassays, Ashwin Rao

All Dissertations

Applications such as point-of-care medical diagnosis and in-the-field biological warfare agent detection require portable bioassays which are less laborious yet cost effective. Conventional sandwich bioassays see limited use for such applications as it involves time consuming steps of reagent treatment and washings, and are restricted to use inside laboratories. We explore new platforms for sandwich bioassays required by such applications. The platform we have developed is based on electrochemical methods of detection. Flow-through three-dimensional electrodes suitable for use in electrochemical sandwich bioassays were fabricated. A composite of superporous agarose and reticulated vitreous carbon (SPA-RVC) material was used for the fabrication …

A Healthy Environment Is A Healthy Body, Matthew Abad

Student Theses 2001-2013

No abstract provided.

A Matrix Pooling Algorithm For Disease Detection, Bethany L. Hedt, Marcello Pagano

Harvard University Biostatistics Working Paper Series

No abstract provided.

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 49 Number 4, Spring 2008, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

14 - LET THE SUN SHINE IN By Steven Boyd Saum. In the international Solar Decathlon competition, a team from Santa Clara blazed a dazzling trail from almost-ran to third in the world.

20 - VISIONS FROM THE SIXTIES By Lisa Taggart. It was art that broke all the rules. And now an exhibit at the de Saisset Museum, curated by Santa Clara scholar Andrea Pappas, captures the sense of optimism and energy when the only limits were imagination itself.

26 - JORMA'S JOURNEY By Mark Purdy. With Jefferson Airplane, he helped define the San Francisco sound. With Hot Tuna …

Scwds Briefs: Volume 24, Number 1 (April 2008), Gary L. Doster , Editor, Scwds Briefs, Michael J. Yabsley

Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study: Publications

Table of Contents:

National Feral Swine Mapping System

Feral Hog Conference

Wildebeest MCF in U.S. Cattle

The Value of Wildlife Recreation

Unusual Antlered Doe

White Nose Syndrome in Bats

New Myxozoan Parasite in Ducks

Duncan New Director in Virginia

SCWDS Personnel Awards

Unlv Magazine, Tony Allen, Afsha Bawany, Barbara Cloud, Holly Ivy De Vore, Gian Galassi, Matthew K. Jacobsen, Michelle Mouton, Erin O'Donnell, Shane Bevell, Cate Weeks

UNLV Magazine

No abstract provided.

Data-Adaptive Selection Of The Adjustment Set In Variable Importance Estimation, Oliver Bembom, Jeffrey W. Fessel, Robert W. Shafer, Mark J. Van Der Laan

U.C. Berkeley Division of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

If estimates of the effect of a treatment variable on an outcome of interest are to be adjusted for a set of possible confounding factors, it is necessary to rely on the assumption of experimental treatment assignment (ETA) according to which each experimental unit has positive probability of being observed at any of the possible levels of the treatment variable regardless of the values the confounding factors may take on. Even if this assumption is only practically violated in the sense that certain values of the confounding factors cause some treatment levels to become not impossible, but at least highly …

West Nile Virus Antibodies In Breeding North Dakota Icterids, Jennifer L. Newbrey, Wendy L. Reed

The Prairie Naturalist

Exotic infectious diseases can have devastating effects on the distribution and abundance ofnaYve wildlife species (Friend et al. 2001). West Nile Virus (WNV) is an exotic disease that was introduced into North America in 1999 and has resulted in the deaths of tens of thousands of birds (Marra et al. 2004). The natural cycle of WNV involves Culex spp. mosquitoes as principle vectors and birds as principle hosts, although humans, horses, and other mammals can become incidental hosts (Lanciotti et al. 2000). Because the virus can be fatal, outbreaks have become a national health concern for the human population, an …

Multiple Imputation Of Timing Of Mother-To-Child Transmission Of Hiv, Elizabeth Brown, Ying Qing Chen

UW Biostatistics Working Paper Series

In this paper, we present a model for imputing timing of mother-to- child transmission (MTCT) of HIV. The method re ects the three modes of MTCT of HIV: in utero, during delivery and via breastfeeding and can accomodate shapes for the baseline hazard that vary between infants. Ad- ditionally, it allows that the majority of infants do not experience MTCT of HIV. Final analyses from the imputed data sets are combined in a mul- tiple imputation framework. The methods is illustrated on a large trial designed to assess the use of antibiotics in preventing MTCT of HIV and is validated …

Parasite Pathoecology Of Chacoan Great Houses: The Healthiest And Wormiest Ancestral Puebloans, Karl J. Reinhard

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Two fields of paleopathological investigation originated in the Southwest. Archaeoparasitology is the study ancient parasite infection (Reinhard 1990). It includes comparisons between time periods of single societies as well as the comparison of parasitism between different, contemporaneous cultures. For example, Fry (1980) compared Fremont and Anasazi parasitism. Fry (1984) compared Archaic hunter-gatherer parasitism and Ancestral Pueblo parasitism. All of these studies fall into the definition of Archaeoparasitology. Pathoecology is the reconstruction of the relationships between behavior, environment, and disease organisms in the development of ill-health (Martinson et al. 2003; Reinhard and Buikstra 2003, Reinhard et al. 2003, Santoro et al. …

Pathoecology And The Future Of Coprolite Studies In Bioarchaeology, Karl J. Reinhard, Vaughn M. Bryant Jr.

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Human coprolites currently provide an expanding array of information about the diet, health, and ecology of prehistoric people in the Southwest, but for many years coprolites were not recognized or preserved, or they were not considered important and thus were not saved (Bryant and Dean 2006). With the expansion of archaeological field work during the last half of the twentieth century archaeologists have increasingly explored the “complete” potentials of sites, including the collection and analysis of geomorphologic, botanical, and faunal data. In some ideal habitats (e.g., very dry or frozen) this includes exploring the scientific potential of human coprolite studies. …

Ozone Exposure In A Mouse Model Induces Airway Hyperreactivity That Requires The Presence Of Natural Killer T Cells And Il-17, Paul B. Savage, Muriel Pichavant, Sho Goya, Everett H. Meyer, Richard A. Johnston, Hye Y. Kim, Ponpan Matangkasombut, Ming Zhu, Yoichiro Iwakura, Rosemarie H. Dekruyff, Stephanie A. Shore, Dale T. Umetsu

Faculty Publications

Exposure to ozone, which is a major component of air pollution, induces a form of asthma that occurs in the absence of adaptive immunity. Although ozone-induced asthma is characterized by airway neutrophilia, and not eosinophilia, it is nevertheless associated with airway hyperreactivity (AHR), which is a cardinal feature of asthma. Because AHR induced by allergens requires the presence of natural killer T (NKT) cells, we asked whether ozone-induced AHR had similar requirements. We found that repeated exposure of wild-type (WT) mice to ozone induced severe AHR associated with an increase in airway NKT cells, neutrophils, and macrophages. Surprisingly, NKT cell-deficient …

Focal White Matter Changes In Spasmodic Dysphonia: A Combined Diffusion Tensor Imaging And Neuropathological Study, Kristina Simonyan, Fernanda Tovar-Moll, John Ostuni, Mark Hallett, Victor F Kalasinsky, Michael R Lewin-Smith, Elisabeth J Rushing, Alexander O Vortmeyer, Christy L Ludlow

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Spasmodic dysphonia is a neurological disorder characterized by involuntary spasms in the laryngeal muscles during speech production. Although the clinical symptoms are well characterized, the pathophysiology of this voice disorder is unknown. We describe here, for the first time to our knowledge, disorder-specific brain abnormalities in these patients as determined by a combined approach of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and postmortem histopathology. We used DTI to identify brain changes and to target those brain regions for neuropathological examination. DTI showed right-sided decrease of fractional anisotropy in the genu of the internal capsule and bilateral increase of overall water diffusivity in …

A Tick From A Prehistoric Arizona Coprolite (Galley Proofs), Keith L. Johnson, Karl J. Reinhard, Luciana Sianto, Adauto Araújo, Scott Lyell Gardner, John J. Janovy Jr.

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Ticks have never been reported in archaeological analyses. Here, we present the discovery of a tick from a coprolite excavated from Antelope Cave in extreme northwest Arizona. Dietary analysis indicates that the coprolite has a human origin. This archaeological occupation is associated with the Ancestral Pueblo culture (Anasazi). This discovery supports previous hypotheses that ticks were a potential source of disease and that ectoparasites were eaten by ancient people.

Parasites As Probes For Prehistoric Human Migrations? (Galley Proofs), Adauto Araújo, Karl J. Reinhard, Luiz F. Ferreira, Scott Lyell Gardner

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Host-specific parasites of humans are used to track ancient migrations. The archaeoparasitology of some intestinal parasites in the New World points to migration routes other than the Bering Land Bridge. Helminths have been found in mummies and coprolites in North and South America. Hookworms (Necator and Ancylostoma), whipworms (Trichuris trichiura) and other helminths require specific conditions for life-cycle completion. They could not survive in the cold climate of the northern region of the Americas. Therefore, humans would have lost some intestinal parasites while crossing Beringia. Evidence is provided here from published data of pre-Columbian sites for the peopling of the …

Trust Me. I Am A Doctor. Your Records Are Safe…, Patricia A. Williams, Craig Valli

Australian Information Security Management Conference

Primary care medical practices in Australia have been identified as a profession in need of assistance with information security practices. Whilst guidelines exist, there is little assistance in an accessible and easily implemented form for medical practices. This research presents the preliminary findings of a study which advocates that information security practices can be improved using a capability operational framework which is contextualised to its target environment.

Unpasteurized Milk And Soft Cheese Outbreaks: An Overview Of Consumer Safety, Taygan Yilmaz

Student Theses 2001-2013

Unpasteurized (also called raw or farm-fresh) milk is currently banned in more than half of all U.S. states. There is substantial controversy over whether unpasteurized milk is safe for human consumption. Although less than 1% of the total U.S. population is known to consume these products, proponents of raw milk claim that unpasteurized milk and soft cheeses are more nutritive than pasteurized milk and soft cheeses. However, there have been a multitude of disease outbreaks linked to raw milk and soft cheese consumption, which involved pathogens including Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Listeria monocytogenes. While some believe an outright ban would …

Experimental Inoculation Of House Sparrows (Passer Domesticus) With Buggy Creek Virus, Kathryn P. Huyvaert, Amy T. Moore, Nicholas A. Panella, Eric A. Edwards, Mary Bomberger Brown, Nicholas Komar, Charles R. Brown

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

We performed experimental inoculations of house sparrows (Passer domesticus) with Buggy Creek virus (BCRV), a poorly known alphavirus (Togaviridae) vectored primarily by the swallow bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae: Oeciacus vicarius) that is an ectoparasite of the cliff swallow (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) and house sparrow. Viremias were detected by plaque assay in two of six birds on days 1–3 postinoculation; viremia was highest on day 2. Viral RNA was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in blood of six of 12 birds ranging from day 1 to day 15 postinoculation. Infectious BCRV was detected in …

Mass Spectrometry-Based High Throughput Approach For Identification Of Molecular Modification Of Oxidative Process In Respiratory Diseases, Wei Song

ETD Archive

Eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) have been implicated in generating reactive species and promoting oxidative modifications in numerous diseases. The detection and identification of potential pathways has been proven extremely challenge due to evanescence nature of these reactive species. An alternative approach to study the involvement of oxidative modification is to detect and quantify the stable molecular fingerprints, like oxidized tyrosine species, in biological matrices. Previously reported analytical methods for quantifying oxidized amino acids have typically been limited by: low sensitivity, specificity and the failure of detection potential oxidation products generated during sample handling. Using GC/MS in combination with …

Distribution And Environmental Limitations Of An Amphibian Pathogen In The Rocky Mountains, Usa, Erin Muths, David S. Pilliod, Lauren J. Livo

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Amphibian populations continue to be imperiled by the chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis). Understanding where B. dendrobatidis (Bd) occurs and how it may be limited by environmental factors is critical to our ability to effectively conserve the amphibians affected by Bd. We sampled 1247 amphibians (boreal toads and surrogates) at 261 boreal toad (Bufo boreas) breeding sites (97 clusters) along an 11° latitudinal gradient in the Rocky Mountains to determine the distribution of B. dendrobatidis and examine environmental factors, such as temperature and elevation, that might affect its distribution. The fungus was detected at …

Grenetic Evidence Of Intercontinental Movement Of Avian Influenza In A Migratory Bird: The Northern Pintail (Anas Acuta), Anson V. Koehler, John M. Pearce, Paul L. Flint, J. Christian Franson, Hon S. Ip

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The role of migratory birds in the movement of the highly pathogenic (HP) avian influenza H5N1 remains a subject of debate. Testing hypotheses regarding intercontinental movement of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses will help evaluate the potential that wild birds could carry Asian-origin strains of HP avian influenza to North America during migration. Previous North American assessments of LPAI genetic variation have found few Asian reassortment events. Here, we present results from whole-genome analyses of LPAI isolates collected in Alaska from the northern pintail (Anas acuta), a species that migrates between North America and Asia. Phylogenetic analyses …

Scwds Briefs: Volume 23, Number 4 (January 2008), Gary L. Doster , Editor, Scwds Briefs, Michael J. Yabsley

Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study: Publications

Table of Contents:

Orbiviruses New & Old - What Do We Need to Know?

Orbivirus Vector Surveys

Studies on H5N1 HPAI Virus in Swans and Geese

Dr. Justin Brown Awards

Impacted Turkey Gizzard

Regional Disease Workshops in 2008-09

Dove Disease Research at SCWDS

Some Staff Changes