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2013 - The Eighteenth Annual Symposium Of Student Scholars

Symposium of Student Scholars Program Books

The full program book from the Eighteenth Annual Symposium of Student Scholars, held on April 25, 2013. Includes abstracts from the presentations and posters.

Determinan Komplikasi Kronik Diabetes Melitus Pada Lanjut Usia, Amrina Rosyada, Indang Trihandini

Kesmas

Indonesia menghadapi jumlah penduduk lanjut usia (lansia) yang semakin meningkat dan diikuti oleh peningkatan frekuensi penyakit tidak menular kronis atau multimorbiditas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan faktor yang berhubungan komplikasi kronis pada lansia penderita diabetes melitus. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) Tahun 2007 dengan desain cross sectional representatif Indonesia dan metode cluster 2 tahap untuk pengambilan sampel. Sampel adalah 1.565 lansia penderita diabetes melitus. Metode analisis yang digunakan meliputi analisis deskriptif dan multivariat. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi komplikasi kronis pada lansia adalah sekitar 73,1%, dengan hipertensi sebagai komplikasi terbanyak. Berdasarkan analisis multivariat diketahui pula …

A Perspective On Multiple Waves Of Influenza Pandemics, Anna Mummert, Howard Weiss, Li-Pong Long, Jose´ M. Amigo´, Xiu-Feng Wan

Mathematics Faculty Research

Background: A striking characteristic of the past four influenza pandemic outbreaks in the United States has been the multiple waves of infections. However, the mechanisms responsible for the multiple waves of influenza or other acute infectious diseases are uncertain. Understanding these mechanisms could provide knowledge for health authorities to develop and implement prevention and control strategies. Materials and Methods: We exhibit five distinct mechanisms, each of which can generate two waves of infections for an acute infectious disease. The first two mechanisms capture changes in virus transmissibility and behavioral changes. The third mechanism involves population heterogeneity (e.g., demography, geography), where …

Large-Scale Structural Rearrangement Of A Serine Hydrolase From Francisella Tularensis Facilitates Catalysis, Ekaterina V. Filippova, Leigh A. Watson, Misty L. Kuhn, Brett Geissler, Daniel Becker

Chemistry: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Tularemia is a deadly, febrile disease caused by infection by the gram-negative bacterium, Francisella tularensis. Members of the ubiquitous serine hydrolase protein family are among current targets to treat diverse bacterial infections. Herein we present a structural and functional study of a novel bacterial carboxylesterase (FTT258) from F. tularensis, a homologue of human acyl protein thioesterase (hAPT1). The structure of FTT258 has been determined in multiple forms, and unexpectedly large conformational changes of a peripheral flexible loop occur in the presence of a mechanistic cyclobutanone ligand. The concomitant changes in this hydrophobic loop and the newly exposed hydrophobic substrate binding …

Chemistry & Biochemistry Newsletter, Department Of Chemistry & Biochemistry, South Dakota State University

Chemistry & Biochemistry Newsletter: 2002-2015

Inside:

Page 2 SDSU scientists help retrieve ice core from West Antarctica

Page 3 Pat Tille granted tenure, promoted ; Alumni updates; Ron Hirko featured author; Undergrads present posters

Page 4 Biochemist earns prestigious NIH research fellowship

Page 5 GAANN Chemistry Doctoral Fellowship reaches capacity

Page 6 National group honors SDSU’s Medical Laboratory Science

Page 7 Graduate Student Council aims for community voice; Graduating Seniors; Grad students win awards at Sigma Xi Banquet; Grad students attend Pittcon Conference

Page 8 Recent publications

[Sabbatical Report], Emmanuel Iyiegbuniwe

Sabbatical Reports

The main purpose of this sabbatical leave was to provide me the opportunity to conduct relevant research and subsequently write two book chapters on environmental health and policy issues in two countries: Belize (a developing country) and Canada (a developed country). Specifically, the two book chapters were titled "Analysis of Environmental Health Policy in Belize" and "Analysis of Environmental Health and Policy Issues in Canada." As called for in my proposal, I was able to travel to Belize with a group of CHHS faculty and students during the 2013 winter term. During the leave period, I success fully conducted research …

Circulation, Vol. 18, No. 2, Center For Coastal Physical Oceanography, Old Dominion University, Malcolm Scully

CCPO Circulation

Spring 2013 issue of CCPO Circulation featuring article "Physical Modulation of Dissolved Oxygen in Chesapeake Bay" by Dr. Malcolm Scully

Mathematical Modelling And Control Of Echinococcus In Qinghai Province, China, Liumei Wu, Baojun Song, Wen Du, Jie Lou

Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

In this paper, two mathematical models, the baseline model and the intervention model, are proposed to study the transmission dynamics of echinococcus. A global forward bifurcation completely characterizes the dynamical behavior of the baseline model. That is, when the basic reproductive number is less than one, the disease-free equilibrium is asymptotically globally stable; when the number is greater than one, the endemic equilibrium is asymptotically globally stable. For the intervention model, however, the basic reproduction number alone is not enough to describe the dynamics, particularly for the case where the basic reproductive number is less then one. The emergence of …

Creating Sustainable Economic And Ecological Growth In The Congo Basin: Bushmeat Consumption And Biodiversity Protection, Richelle Lynn Warnock

Masters Theses

This research examines the economic and ecological sustainability of bushmeat hunting in the Congo Basin, specifically the Democratic Republic of Congo and the Republic of Congo. Although bushmeat hunting has provided short term gain for individuals in the region, long term solutions focusing on micro and macro level interventions may provide community wide benefits, while protecting Congo Basin wildlife. Research shows that a focus on the development of key economic sectors such as agriculture, mineral resources and hydroelectricity, as well as the growth of infrastructure may provide viable economic gain for the Congo Basin. Ecotourism and improvements to forest management …

Testing The Waters: Public Health Lab- Ivo De Carneri’S Safe Water Project Pemba Island, Tanzania, E. Grace Reville

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Access to an improved source of drinking water is becoming increasingly difficult in Tanzania. The Safe Water Project, run through Public Health Lab Ivo de Carneri (PHL-IdC) in Chake-Chake, Pemba, is a water quality analysis and infrastructure project on Pemba island, Tanzania that aims to improve water quality and access through three distinct project phasesinitial assessment and planning, reworking of network infrastructure, and the ongoing sampling for biological and chemical indicators of water quality. This report deals exclusively with the microbial aspect of the third phase of the project, the ongoing sampling and analysis of primary and secondary water resources …

Status Of Nutria (Myocastor Coypus) Populations In The Pacific Northwest And Development Of Associated Control And Management Strategies, With An Emphasis On Metropolitan Habitats, Trevor Robert Sheffels

Dissertations and Theses

The nutria (Myocastor coypus) is a semi-aquatic rodent native to South America that was introduced to the Pacific Northwest, USA, in the 1930s. Primary damage categories from this invasive species include burrowing and herbivory, resulting in habitat degradation. Nutria have become well-established in metropolitan habitats, and anecdotal information suggests the problem has increased in recent years. However, little regional research on the species has been conducted. The scope of this research, which emphasizes metropolitan habitats, includes three primary foci in relation to nutria populations in the Pacific Northwest: modeling habitat suitability, assessing activity and movement patterns, and identifying and managing …

Use Of Soybean Lecithin In Shape Controlled Synthesis Of Gold Nanoparticles, Benjamin Robert Ayres

Dissertations and Theses

The work presented in this dissertation is a composite of experiments in the growth of gold nanoparticles with specific optical properties of interest. The goal is to synthesize these gold nanoparticles using soybean extract for not only shape control, but for propensity as a biocompatible delivery system. The optical properties of these nanoparticles has found great application in coloring glass during the Roman empire and, over the centuries, has grown into its own research field in applications of nanoparticulate materials. Many of the current functions include use in biological systems as biosensors and therapeutic applications, thus making biocompatibility a necessity. …

Journal Acceptance Policies On Etds, Chelsea Kern

Statistics

No abstract provided.

Immunological And Reproductive Health Assessment In Herring Gulls And Black-Crowned Night Herons In The Hudson-Raritan Estuary, Keith A. Grasman, Kathy R. Echols, Thomas M. May, Paul H. Peterman

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

Previous studies have shown inexplicable declines in breeding waterbirds within western New York/New Jersey Harbor between 1996 and 2002 and elevated polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) eggs. The present study assessed associations between immune function, prefledgling survival, and selected organochlorine compounds and metals in herring gulls (Larus argentatus) and black-crowned night herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) in lower New York Harbor during 2003. In pipping gull embryos, lymphoid cells were counted in the thymus and bursa of Fabricius (sites of T and B lymphocyte maturation, respectively). The phytohemagglutinin (PHA) skin response assessed T cell function in …

Development, Testing, And Deployment Of An Air Sampling Manifold For Spiking Elemental And Oxidized Mercury During The Reno Atmospheric Mercury Intercomparison Experiment (Ramix), B. D. Finley, D. A. Jaffe, K. Call, Seth Lyman, M. Sexauer Gustin, C. Peterson, M. Miller, T. Lyman

USU Uintah Basin Faculty Publications

The Reno Atmospheric Mercury Intercomparison Experiment (RAMIX) was in Reno, NV from August 22, 2011 to September 16, 2011. The goals of the experiment were to compare existing and new methods for measurements of ambient elemental and oxidized Hg, and to test these with quantitative spikes of Hg0, HgBr2, O3 and water vapor. In this paper we describe the design, testing, and deployment of a high flow manifold system designed to deliver ambient air and spiked compounds to multiple instruments simultaneously. The manifold was constructed of 1” OD PFA tubing and heated to 115 °C for the entire active zone. …

Targeted Estimation Of Variable Importance Measures With Interval-Censored Outcomes, Stephanie Sapp, Mark J. Van Der Laan, Kimberly Page

U.C. Berkeley Division of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

In most experimental and observational studies, participants are not followed in continuous time. Instead, data is collected about participants only at certain monitoring times. These monitoring times are random, and often participant specific. As a result, outcomes are only known up to random time intervals, resulting in interval-censored data. In contrast, when estimating variable importance measures on interval-censored outcomes, practitioners often ignore the presence of interval-censoring, and instead treat the data as continuous or right-censored, applying ad-hoc approaches to mask the true interval-censoring. In this paper, we describe Targeted Minimum Loss-based Estimation methods tailored for estimation of variable importance measures …

Progress Realized: Trends In Hiv-1 Viral Load And Cd4 Cell Count In A Tertiary-Care Center From 1999 Through 2011, Howard B. Gale, Manuel D. Rodriguez, Heather J. Hoffman, Debra A. Benator, Fred M. Gordin, Ann M. Labriola, Virginia L. Kan

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

Abstract

Accumulating evidence suggests that alterations in immune function may be important in the etiology of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). To identify genetic markers in immune-related pathways, we evaluated 3,985 tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 230 candidate gene regions (adhesion-extravasation-migration, arachidonic acid metabolism/eicosanoid signaling, complement and coagulation cascade, cytokine signaling, innate pathogen detection and antimicrobials, leukocyte signaling, TNF/NF-kB pathway or other) in a case-control study of 344 PTC cases and 452 controls. We used logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (OR) and calculate one degree of freedom P values of linear trend (PSNP-trend) for the association …

Fast Time Resolution Oxidized Mercury Measurements During The Reno Atmospheric Mercury Intercomparison Experiment (Ramix), Jesse L. Ambrose, Seth N. Lyman, Jiaoyan Huang, Mae Sexauer Gustin, Daneil A. Jaffe

USU Uintah Basin Faculty Publications

The Reno Atmospheric Mercury Intercomparison Experiment (RAMIX) was carried out from 22 August to 16 September, 2011 in Reno, NV to evaluate the performance of new and existing methods to measure atmospheric mercury (Hg). Measurements were made using a common sampling manifold to which controlled concentrations of Hg species, including gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) and HgBr2 (a surrogate gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) compound), and potential interferents were added. We present an analysis of Hg measurements made using the University of Washington’s Detector for Oxidized Hg Species (DOHGS), focusing on tests of GEM and HgBr2 spike recovery, the potential for interference …

A Novel Algorithm For Validating Peptide Identification From A Shotgun Proteomics Search Engine, Ling Jian, Xinnan Niu, Zhonghang Xia, Parimal Samir, Chiranthani Sumanasekera, Zheng Mu, Jennifer L. Jennings, Kristen L. Hoek, Tara Allos, Leigh M. Howard, Kathryn M. Edwards, P. Anthony Weil, Andrew J. Link

Chemistry Faculty Research

Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) has revolutionized the proteomics analysis of complexes, cells, and tissues. In a typical proteomic analysis, the tandem mass spectra from a LC–MS/MS experiment are assigned to a peptide by a search engine that compares the experimental MS/MS peptide data to theoretical peptide sequences in a protein database. The peptide spectra matches are then used to infer a list of identified proteins in the original sample. However, the search engines often fail to distinguish between correct and incorrect peptides assignments. In this study, we designed and implemented a novel algorithm called De-Noise to …

Lysine Biosynthesis In Bacteria: A Metallodesuccinylase As A Potential Antimicrobial Target, Danuta M. Gillner, Daniel P. Becker Ph.D., Richard C. Holz

Chemistry: Faculty Publications and Other Works

In this review, we summarize the recent literature on dapE-encoded N-succinyl-l,l-diaminopimelic acid desuccinylase (DapE) enzymes, with an emphasis on structure–function studies that provide insight into the catalytic mechanism. Crystallographic data have also provided insight into residues that might be involved in substrate and hence inhibitor recognition and binding. These data have led to the design and synthesis of several new DapE inhibitors, which are described along with what is known about how inhibitors interact with the active site of DapE enzymes, including the efficacy of a moderately strong DapE inhibitor.

Lysine Biosynthesis In Bacteria: A Metallodesuccinylase As A Potential Antimicrobial Target, Danuta Gillner, Daniel P. Becker, Richard C. Holz

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

In this review, we summarize the recent literature on dapE-encoded N-succinyl-l,l-diaminopimelic acid desuccinylase (DapE) enzymes, with an emphasis on structure–function studies that provide insight into the catalytic mechanism. Crystallographic data have also provided insight into residues that might be involved in substrate and hence inhibitor recognition and binding. These data have led to the design and synthesis of several new DapE inhibitors, which are described along with what is known about how inhibitors interact with the active site of DapE enzymes, including the efficacy of a moderately strong DapE inhibitor.

13. Mathematics, University Of Central Oklahoma

Oklahoma Research Day Abstracts

No abstract provided.

Do We Understand What The Mercury Speciation Instruments Are Actually Measuring? Results Of Ramix, Mae Sexauer Gustin, Jiaoyan Huang, Matthieu B. Miller, Christianna Peterson, Daniel A. Jaffe, Jesse Ambrose, Brandon D. Finley, Seth N. Lyman, Kevin Call, Robert Talbotl, Dara Feddersen, Huiting Mao, Steven E. Lindberg

USU Uintah Basin Faculty Publications

From August 22 to September 16, 2012, atmospheric mercury (Hg) was measured from a common manifold in the field during the Reno Atmospheric Mercury Intercomparison eXperiment. Data were collected using Tekran systems, laser induced fluorescence, and evolving new methods. The latter included the University of Washington-Detector for Oxidized Mercury, the University of Houston Mercury instrument, and a filter-based system under development by the University of Nevada-Reno. Good transmission of total Hg was found for the manifold. However, despite application of standard protocols and rigorous quality control, systematic differences in operationally defined forms of Hg were measured by the sampling systems. …

2012 Southern Nevada Existing Conditions Report, Southern Nevada Regional Planning Coaltion, Lincy Institute, Unlv Urban Sustainability Initiative, Unlv School Of Community Health Sciences, Jennifer Pharr Phd, Courtney Coughenour

Lincy Institute Reports and Briefs

No abstract provided.

Catching A Viral Video, T Broxton, Yannet Interian, J Vaver, M Wattenhofer

Master of Science in Analytics (MSAN) Faculty Research

The sharing and re-sharing of videos on social sites, blogs e-mail, and other means has given rise to the phenomenon of viral videos - videos that become popular through internet sharing. In this paper we seek to better understand viral videos on YouTube by analyzing sharing and its relationship to video popularity using millions of YouTube videos. The socialness of a video is quantified by classifying the referrer sources for video views as social (e.g. an emailed link, Facebook referral) or non-social (e.g. a link from related videos). We find that viewership patterns of highly social videos are very different …

Modeling The Impact And Costs Of Semiannual Mass Drug Administration For Accelerated Elimination Of Lymphatic Filariasis, Wilma A. Stolk, Quirine A. Ten Bosch, Sake J. De Vlas, Peter U. Fischer, Gary J. Weil, Ann S. Goldman

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

The Global Program to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) has a target date of 2020. This program is progressing well in many countries. However, progress has been slow in some countries, and others have not yet started their mass drug administration (MDA) programs. Acceleration is needed. We studied how increasing MDA frequency from once to twice per year would affect program duration and costs by using computer simulation modeling and cost projections. We used the LYMFASIM simulation model to estimate how many annual or semiannual MDA rounds would be required to eliminate LF for Indian and West African scenarios with varied …

Food For Thought … Mechanistic Validation, Thomas Hartung, Sebastian Hoffman, Martin Stephens

Experimentation Collection

Validation of new approaches in regulatory toxicology is commonly defined as the independent assessment of the reproducibility and relevance (the scientific basis and predictive capacity) of a test for a particular purpose. In large ring trials, the emphasis to date has been mainly on reproducibility and predictive capacity (comparison to the traditional test) with less attention given to the scientific or mechanistic basis. Assessing predictive capacity is difficult for novel approaches (which are based on mechanism), such as pathways of toxicity or the complex networks within the organism (systems toxicology). This is highly relevant for implementing Toxicology for the 21st …

Advancing Data Reuse In Phyloinformatics Using An Ontology-Driven Semantic Web Approach, Maryam Panahiazar, Amit P. Sheth, Ajith Harshana Ranabahu, Rutger Vos, Jim Leebens-Mack

Kno.e.sis Publications

Phylogenetic analyses can resolve historical relationships among genes, organisms or higher taxa. Understanding such relationships can elucidate a wide range of biological phenomena, including, for example, the importance of gene and genome duplications in the evolution of gene function, the role of adaptation as a driver of diversification, or the evolutionary consequences of biogeographic shifts. Phyloinformaticists are developing data standards, databases and communication protocols (e.g. Application Programming Interfaces, APIs) to extend the accessibility of gene trees, species trees, and the metadata necessary to interpret these trees, thus enabling researchers across the life sciences to reuse phylogenetic knowledge. Specifically, Semantic Web …

Information And Communication Technology To Link Criminal Justice Reentrants To Hiv Care In The Community, Ann Kurth, Irene Kuo, James Peterson, Nkiru Azikiwe, Lauri Bazerman, Alice Cates, Curt G. Beckwith

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

The United States has the world’s highest prison population, and an estimated one in seven HIV-positive persons in the USA passes through a correctional facility annually. Given this, it is critical to develop innovative and effective approaches to support HIV treatment and retention in care among HIV-positive individuals involved in the criminal justice (CJ) system. Information and communication technologies (ICTs), including mobile health (mHealth) interventions, may offer one component of a successful strategy for linkage/retention in care. We describe CARE+ Corrections, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) study now underway in Washington, that will evaluate the combined effect of computerized motivational …

Transmission Rate In Partial Differential Equation In Epidemic Models, Alaa Elkadry

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The rate at which susceptible individuals become infected is called the transmission rate. It is important to know this rate in order to study the spread and the effect of an infectious disease in a population. This study aims at providing an understanding of estimating the transmission rate from mathematical models representing the population dynamics of an infectious diseases using two different methods. Throughout, it is assumed that the number of infected individuals is known. In the first chapter, it includes historical background for infectious diseases and epidemic models and some terminology needed to understand the problems. Specifically, the partial …