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Test 643: Ford Model 651, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

This report and any related files are made available to the online through the Lester F. Larsen Tractor Test and Power Museum as resources allow. Established in 1998, this museum is located on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln East Campus. It is and appropriately housed within the walls of the historic 1920 Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory, where the first tractor test was started on March 31st, 1920. Because the pioneer tests became worldwide standards, this location was designated as a Historic Landmark of Agricultural Engineering by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers in 1980, shortly after testing was moved to a …

1. Greek And Medieval Science, Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold A. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section VIII: The Development of Modern Science

What kind of questions did the Greeks ask themselves about the physical universe? We can paraphrase Plato: the stars move about the earth in circles, the perfect paths, and they move with uniform motion as befits divine and eternal beings. But five of these stars are planets (Greek for wanderers) which appear to have irregular motion, first moving forward, then actually stopping, and then moving backward for awhile. Since the heavens are incorruptible, the planets too must really be moving in uniform motion in circular paths. How then can we account for the apparently irregular motions? What uniform motions must …

2. The Theory Of Special Relativity, Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold L. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section XX: Meaning in the Physical Sciences

Albert Einstein (1879-1955) published his first work on relativity in 1905, the same year in which he published remarkable papers on Brownian motion and the photoelectric effect. At the time he did this work, he was a patent examiner in the Swiss Patent Office. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for physics in 1921 "for his services to the theory of physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect." He became a professor of physics at several German universities, and in 1916, he took a position at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in Berlin.

As the …

Physics, Chapter 13: Properties Of Matter, Henry Semat, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

When a system is subjected to external forces, it generally undergoes a change in size or shape or both. We have thus far touched very lightly on such changes; for example, we have considered the change in length of an elastic spring and the change in volume of a gas when such systems were subjected to varying pressures. The changes produced in a system by the action of external forces depend upon the physical properties of the material of which the system is composed. A study of the properties of matter leads to information which is of practical value to …

Physics, Chapter 29: The Magnetic Field, Henry Semat, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

Natural magnets, called lodestones, have been known since ancient times. The lodestone, a magnetic oxide of iron called magnetite (Fe₃O₄), was mentioned by Thales of Miletus. By the eleventh century the magnetic compass was known to the Chinese, and in the twelfth century references to the compass were made in Western Europe. The lodestone is capable of attracting pieces of iron and of imparting permanent magnetism to other pieces of iron so that these too could attract iron filings. If an iron bar is magnetized, as the result of being near a piece of lodestone, and …

Physics, Chapter 21: Vibrations And Sound, Henry Semat, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

There are two aspects of sound: one is the physical aspect which involves the physics of the production, propagation, reception, and detection of sound; the other, which is the sensation of sound as perceived by the individual, depends upon physiological and psychological effects. It is not desirable to separate the two aspects of sound completely, but the main emphasis in this book must necessarily be on the physical aspect. In this chapter we shall consider mostly musical sounds. A vocabulary has been developed to describe the sensation experienced when a musical sound is heard. Such terms as the pitch of …

Physics, Chapter 32: Electromagnetic Induction, Henry Semat, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

When a wire moves through a uniform magnetic field of induction B, in a direction at right angles to the field and to the wire itself, the electric charges within the conductor experience forces due to their motion through this magnetic field. The positive charges are held in place in the conductor by the action of interatomic forces, but the free electrons, usually one or two per atom, are caused to drift to one side of the conductor, thus setting up an electric field E within the conductor which opposes the further drift of electrons. The magnitude of this …

Physics, Chapter 39: Optical Instruments, Henry Semat, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

The photographic camera uses a converging lens to form a real, inverted image of an object. The image is focused on a film or plate which is coated with an emulsion containing silver bromide crystals. When a few incident quanta of light are absorbed in a grain of emulsion, the grain becomes activated and developable, and when the plate is developed, the bromine is removed from each activated grain, leaving a clump of silver behind. When the plate is "fixed," the remaining emulsion is removed from the plate, so that the image is made permanent. In most cameras the converging …

5. Newton, Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold A. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section VIII: The Development of Modern Science

Isaac Newton (1642-1727) was born and educated in England. He attended Trinity College, Cambridge, and there found the inspiration for his prodigious work that was to synthesize and extend the labors of Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, and others beyond the wildest dreams of any of them. Newton was the intellectual giant who set the direction of the physical sciences on the paths they were to follow undeviatingly into the twentieth century. [excerpt]

Test 640: Ford Model 851, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

This report and any related files are made available to the online through the Lester F. Larsen Tractor Test and Power Museum as resources allow. Established in 1998, this museum is located on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln East Campus. It is and appropriately housed within the walls of the historic 1920 Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory, where the first tractor test was started on March 31st, 1920. Because the pioneer tests became worldwide standards, this location was designated as a Historic Landmark of Agricultural Engineering by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers in 1980, shortly after testing was moved to a …

Test 638: Volvo Model T55 (Diesel), Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

This report and any related files are made available to the online through the Lester F. Larsen Tractor Test and Power Museum as resources allow. Established in 1998, this museum is located on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln East Campus. It is and appropriately housed within the walls of the historic 1920 Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory, where the first tractor test was started on March 31st, 1920. Because the pioneer tests became worldwide standards, this location was designated as a Historic Landmark of Agricultural Engineering by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers in 1980, shortly after testing was moved to a …

Test 641: Ford Model 841, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

This report and any related files are made available to the online through the Lester F. Larsen Tractor Test and Power Museum as resources allow. Established in 1998, this museum is located on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln East Campus. It is and appropriately housed within the walls of the historic 1920 Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory, where the first tractor test was started on March 31st, 1920. Because the pioneer tests became worldwide standards, this location was designated as a Historic Landmark of Agricultural Engineering by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers in 1980, shortly after testing was moved to a …

Test 667: Mccormick Farmall 240, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Test 639: Ford Model 841l (Lpg), Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

This report and any related files are made available to the online through the Lester F. Larsen Tractor Test and Power Museum as resources allow. Established in 1998, this museum is located on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln East Campus. It is and appropriately housed within the walls of the historic 1920 Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory, where the first tractor test was started on March 31st, 1920. Because the pioneer tests became worldwide standards, this location was designated as a Historic Landmark of Agricultural Engineering by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers in 1980, shortly after testing was moved to a …

Comparisons Of Growth Rates Of Game Fish In Lake Catherine, Lake Hamilton, And Lake Ouachita, Arkansas, Andrew H. Hulsey, James H. Stevenson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Test 637: Volvo Model T425, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

This report and any related files are made available to the online through the Lester F. Larsen Tractor Test and Power Museum as resources allow. Established in 1998, this museum is located on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln East Campus. It is and appropriately housed within the walls of the historic 1920 Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory, where the first tractor test was started on March 31st, 1920. Because the pioneer tests became worldwide standards, this location was designated as a Historic Landmark of Agricultural Engineering by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers in 1980, shortly after testing was moved to a …

Test 642: Ford Model 641, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

This report and any related files are made available to the online through the Lester F. Larsen Tractor Test and Power Museum as resources allow. Established in 1998, this museum is located on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln East Campus. It is and appropriately housed within the walls of the historic 1920 Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory, where the first tractor test was started on March 31st, 1920. Because the pioneer tests became worldwide standards, this location was designated as a Historic Landmark of Agricultural Engineering by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers in 1980, shortly after testing was moved to a …

Test 679: Case Model 811-B, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

This report and any related files are made available to the online through the Lester F. Larsen Tractor Test and Power Museum as resources allow. Established in 1998, this museum is located on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln East Campus. It is and appropriately housed within the walls of the historic 1920 Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory, where the first tractor test was started on March 31st, 1920. Because the pioneer tests became worldwide standards, this location was designated as a Historic Landmark of Agricultural Engineering by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers in 1980, shortly after testing was moved to a …

Test 680: Case Moderl 801-B (Diesel), Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

This report and any related files are made available to the online through the Lester F. Larsen Tractor Test and Power Museum as resources allow. Established in 1998, this museum is located on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln East Campus. It is and appropriately housed within the walls of the historic 1920 Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory, where the first tractor test was started on March 31st, 1920. Because the pioneer tests became worldwide standards, this location was designated as a Historic Landmark of Agricultural Engineering by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers in 1980, shortly after testing was moved to a …

Detection Of Buried Basement Highs By Airphoto Drainage Pattern Analysis, Reynolds And Wayne Counties, Missouri, Papken Aram Zarzavatjian

Masters Theses

"Purpose and Scope: The purpose of this study is to determine if it is possible to detect buried Precambrian igneous hills in Wayne County and the larger part of Reynolds County in southeast Missouri by the use of aerial photo drainage pattern analysis.

The St. Francis Mountains are located in southeast Missouri. They form a part of the Precambrian basement complex, and have been exposed at the surface by the erosion of the lower Paleozoic sediments which covered them. Some of the hills which make up the St. Francis Mountains are exposed to a great degree, while others still have …

Liesegang Rings, Robert Edward Young

Masters Theses

"Although the discovery of the "Liesegang Rings" phenomenon was made sometime before 1855 little was done in the way of study or experimentation until 1896 when R. E. Liesegang discovered that if a crystal or strong solution of silver nitrate is added to a gelatin gel containing dilute potassium chromate, the resulting precipitate of silver chromate is not continuous, as might be expected, but forms a discontinuous periodic pattern. This pattern follows a geometric progression law, x_n = akⁿ, where x_n is the position of the n^th ring, and a and k are constants. K …

Physics, Chapter 1: Fundamental Quantities, Henry Semat, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

Physics is a fundamental science dealing with matter and energy. By convention, the subject matter of physics has been divided into such topics as mechanics, heat, sound, light, and electricity. In addition to these general classifications, present-day physics includes atomic physics, nuclear physics, solid-state physics, chemical physics, biophysics, and many other subdivisions. It is impossible to include all aspects of physics in a single definition or paragraph, and to distinguish physics clearly from its nearest neighbors, the other physical sciences-astronomy., chemistry, and geology.

Physics, Chapter 14: Temperature, Henry Semat, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

Temperature is one of the fundamental concepts of physics. We are all able to recognize that some bodies are hotter than others, but our temperature sense is qualitative rather than quantitative and is capable of only a limited range. The sense of touch can frequently be used to distinguish between hotter and colder objects, provided that these lie in a temperature range consistent with the stability of human tissue. Even within this range the sense of touch is often unreliable as a measure of temperature.

The metal bracket holding a wooden rail may feel much colder to the touch than …

Physics, Chapter 12: Periodic Motion, Henry Semat, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

One of the more important problems in mechanics is the study of periodic motions, that is, motions which repeat themselves in regular intervals of time, called the period. An example of periodic motion which we hrNe already encountered is uniform circular motion, in which the velocity and acceleration of the body at a given angular position were always the same. If a particle was found at a given position at a time t, we could be sure that it would return to that position at time t + T later, where T was the period of the rotational motion. A …

Physics, Chapter 10: Momentum And Impulse, Henry Semat, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

An extremely important concept in the development of mechanics is that of momentum. The momentum of a body is defined as the product of its mass by its velocity. We shall use the symbol p to denote the momentum of a body. The momentum of a body is a vector quantity, for it is the product of mass, a scalar, by velocity, a vector. While momentum and kinetic energy are compounded of the same two ingredients, mass and velocity, they are quite different concepts, and one aspect of their difference may be seen in the fact that momentum is …

Physics, Chapter 8: Hydrostatics (Fluids At Rest), Henry Semat, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

From our everyday experience, we have become familiar with the fact that matter occurs in three different forms-solid, liquid, and gas. Under ordinary conditions stone, iron, copper, and chalk, for example, are solids; water, oil, and mercury are liquids; air, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide are gases. Each one of these forms is called a phase. At times it is difficult to distinguish clearly between the solid and the liquid phases, as in a material such as tar which flows under the action of a force at ordinary temperatures. Metals at high temperatures flow or "creep" under the action of a …

Physics, Chapter 6: Circular Motion And Gravitation, Henry Semat, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

Our earlier discussion of the kinematics of a particle was developed principally from the point of view of being able to describe that motion easily within a rectangular coordinate system. Thus the most complex case with which we dealt was that of a projectile motion, in which the acceleration was constant and was directed along one of the coordinate axes. A more convenient framework within which to discuss rotational and circular motions is provided by a set of polar coordinates. In the present discussion we will restrict ourselves to motion in which the polar coordinate r is constant, or fixed; …

Physics, Chapter 23: The Electric Field, Henry Semat, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

We have previously described the gravitational field as one way of thinking about gravitational forces (Section 6-16). If an object of mass m at rest at a point P experienced a force, we could attribute that force to the presence of the gravitational field. In a similar way we may attribute the force experienced by an electric charge at rest at a point P to the presence of an electric field at that point. From the preceding chapter we recognize that the existence of a force ,on a charged particle is due to the presence of other charged particles in …

Physics, Chapter 22: Electrostatics, Henry Semat, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

One simple phenomenon of electricity was known to the ancients: that when a piece of amber was rubbed, it acquired the property of attracting small pieces of paper and other light particles. Records show that Thales of Miletus (circa sixth century B.C.) knew of this property of amber; the Greek word for amber is elektron, hence the name electricity. There was practically no further development of this subject until about the seventeenth century. Otto von Guericke (1602-1686) of Magdeburg built a large sulphur sphere, which, when rotated about an axis and rubbed with his hand, gave off electric sparks. In …

Physics, Chapter 17: The Phases Of Matter, Henry Semat, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

A substance which has a definite chemical composition can exist in one or more phases, such as the vapor phase, the liquid phase, or the solid phase. When two or more such phases are in equilibrium at any given temperature and pressure, there are always surfaces of separation between the two phases.

In the solid phase a pure substance generally exhibits a well-defined crystal structure in which the atoms or molecules of the substance are arranged in a repetitive lattice. Many substances are known to exist in several different solid phases at different conditions of temperature and pressure. These …