Digital Commons Network^™

Groundwater Development In Arid Basins, Dean F. Peterson Jr., Harold E. Thomas, J H. Feth, P. H. Mcgauhey, James H. Milligan, Wayne D. Criddle, Judge Lewis Jones, Dallin W. Jensen, Calvin G. Clyde, Bartell C. Jensen, C. E. Jacob, Jay R. Bingham, E. O. Larson

Reports

Summary: Groundwater development frequently provides a means whereby tremendous new economic opportunities are opened up. If supplies are overdrawn (mined) the ensuing regional economy may be able to affort replacements from more costly sources. In the United States the Salt River Valley of Arizona and the valleys of California provide examples. Two cases are treated in this paper, Israel and West Pakistan. In Israel, besides furnishing more than half of the basic source of water suppply, groundwater development provides opportunity for both quantity and quality management, which makes possible use of surface supplies and reclaimed sewage as firm rather than …

Stratigraphy And Sedimentology Of The Tongue River Formation (Paleocene), Southeast Golden Valley County, North Dakota, Jack W. Crawford

Theses and Dissertations

The exposed Tertiary rock units in southeast Golden Valley County, North Dakota were measured and described with particular emphasis on the Tongue River Formation. Lithologic samples were collected and analyzed for total carbonate content, particle size, particle roundness, and mineral composition. In the area studied, the Tongue River Formation is 763 feet thick which is considerably thinner than in surrounding areas. The lower member of the Tongue River Formation is 313 feet thick and is composed of yellow-gray, very fine-grained sandstone, siltstone, claystone, shale, and lignite. The overlying Sentinel Butte Member is 450 feet thick and composed of yellow-brown, fine …

The Hell Creek Formation In North Dakota, Charles I. Frye

Theses and Dissertations

This paper is a discussion of the surface stratigraphy and petrology of the Hell Creek Formation in North Dakota and eastern Montana. Principal area of study included the Missouri Valley south of Bismarck, North Dakota; the Little Missouri Valley in Slope and Bowman Counties, southwestern North Dakota; the Yellowstone Valley near Glendive, Dawson County, Montana; and the type area of the Hell Creek Formation on Hell Creek and East Hell Creek, Garfield County, Montana on the south shore of the Fort Peck Reservoir.

Two and one-half summers were spent in the field measuring 72 stratigraphic sections, correlating between the measured …

Further Investigations Into Bacterial And Algal Populations Of Caves In South Wales, M. Ann Mason-Williams

International Journal of Speleology

Some physical data collected over a period of a year in seven locations of the Ogof Ffynnon Ddu cave system in South Wales are reported, including humidity, air and water temperature, pH of the water, as well as the organic oxygen demand of the water. It is shown that seasonal variations in the physical constant in this particular cave system are not well marked. Algae and bacteria were isolated from the soil samples and from calcareous deposits. A total of 30 algal species, of which 13 belong to the Cyanophyta, 22 to the Chlorophyta, and 7 to the …

Documents Pour Servir À La Connaissance De La Laune De Mammifères Des Grottes Du Banat (Roumanie), Alexandrina Negrea, Lazare Botosaneanu, Stefan Negrea

International Journal of Speleology

The authors assembled from about 70 caves a rich collection of osteological material and specimens of living or fossil mammals. A list of the caves is given with an enumeration of the identified species for each cave. Under each species the caves which supplied the material are listed. This is followed by an inventory of the osteological material and by observations on the living animals (especially bats). Fifty-three mammal species (fossil and living) were accurately determined (14 carnivores, 6 artiodactyls, 1 lagomorph, 10 rodents, 3 insectivores, and 19 bats).

Summary Of Results Obtained During A Preliminary Investigation Into The Bacterial And Botanical Flora Of Caves In South Wales, M. Ann Mason-Williams, Kathryn Benson-Evans

International Journal of Speleology

The results of an investigation into the bacterial and botanical flora of South Welsh caves are presented in tabular form. Bacterial counts and species isolated from the caves both from soil and water samples as well as from the air, also the macroscopic plants found in the photic zone are enumerated.

A Psychrophilic Yeast From Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, David Brashear, Ralph F. Wiseman, Thomas C. Barr Jr.

International Journal of Speleology

Samples collected in Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, revealed the presence of a psychrophilic yeast, tentatively identified as a strain of Candida albicans. The yeast is saprophytic on dead animal tissues and exhibits a pale yellow colour when growing in the cave. In vitro, the yeast grows poorly at 37°C. and well at 130 and 200, but loses its pigmentation. It is non-pathogenic in rabbits but appears to show low-grade parasitism in frogs.

Die Ökologische Stellung Der Höhlen-Und Spaltengewässer Innerhalb Der Subterranaquatilen Lebensbereiche, Siegfried Husmann

International Journal of Speleology

Bodies of waters in caves and in crevices of rocks are distinguished from the other subsoil water ecosystems (“eustygon”, “stygorhithron”, “stygopotamon”) under the names “troglostygon” and “petrostygon”. The colonisation of subsoil water biotopes involves a fundamental principle which controls the development of the main biotopes for the stygobiont undergroundwater organisms. According to this ecological rule, which is described in detail and formulated, the several interstitial biotopes (for example “eustygopsammal,” “rhithrostygopsammal,” “potamostygopsephal”) are to be considered as the real biotopes of the stygobiont subsoil water organisms; waters in caves, on the contrary, are secondary biotopes of these animals. Caves which contain …

Mise En Evidence De Substances Fluorescentes Dans Les Organes Jaunes De Caccosphaeroma Burgundum Dollfus, Crustacé Isopode Des Eaux Souterraines, H. Descimon, C. Marvillet

International Journal of Speleology

Chromatographic analysis of the yellow organs of the fresh-water Isopod Crustacean Caecosphaeroma burgundum Dollfus revealed, through observation of the chromatograms in ultraviolet light, the occurrence of both absorbing and fluorescent substances. Among the latter, only isoxanthopterin has been identified. The yellow pigment, which probably has a pteridine nucleus, could not be identified as a known compound and will be the object of later investigations.

Control Of Air Pollution Through The Assertion Of Private Rights, Julian Conrad Juergensmeyer

Articles by Maurer Faculty

Air pollution is clearly one of the major social problems confronting contemporary American society. Yet the United States is still without an effective federal pollution control program, and those state and local control programs that do exist are largely ineffective. Until government regulation is able to keep the expulsion of air contaminants within tolerable limits, it will be necessary for those seeking to control air pollution to rely upon the assertion of private rights. In this article the author discusses the principal causes of action available to the private pollution controller, and concludes that, although traditional legal concepts may provide …

Panthera Atrox (Mammalia: Felidae) From Central Alaska, Frank C. Whitmore Jr., Helen L. Foster

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

A lower jaw of the large Pleistocene cat Panthera atrox (Leidy) was found on an alluvial flat near the mouth of Lost Chicken Creek, about 180 miles northeast of Fairbanks, Alaska. It was probably washed out of carbonaceous silt deposits which, in the adjacent area, have also yielded bones of Equus, Bison, Rangifer, Cervus, and Elephantidae. The Panthera jaw falls within the size range of the series from Rancho La Brea, California, and differs from Rancho La Brea specimens only in a few characteristics. P. atrox appears to have been significantly larger than extinct or …

A Geographical Interpretation Of Coles County Soils Through A Comparative Analysis Of Modern Soil Classification Systems, John C. Klink

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Sur La Faculté D'Absorption De Substances Colorées Par La Cuticule De Caecosphaeroma Burgundum Dollfus, Crustacé Isopode Des Eaux Souterraines, François Graf, Claude Marvillet

International Journal of Speleology

The discovery, in certain subterranean waters, of “pigmented,” brown or black Caecosphaeroma burgundum, led to the systematic study of the action of pigmented substances on these crustaceans. The results of these experiments demonstrate that the colorations thus obtained or observed in nature are due to the agglutination of coloured substances on the surface of the carapace and, in certain cases, to an impregnation of the cuticle itself.

The Acidic Transformaion Products Of Indoles Formed By Basidiomycetes, Chung-Ke Chang

Masters Theses

"A survey of the ability of basidiomycetes to convert tryptophan, tryptamine and indole acetic acid to other acidic indoles has been made.

The product formed from tryptamine by Tricholoma nudum was identified as indole acetic acid. The product formed by Cantharellus cibarius from D-tryptophan was identified as N-acetyl-D-tryptophan. The products were purified and identified by means of paper chromatography, thin layer chromatography, infrared spectroscopy and melting points.

The conversion of tryptamine and D-tryptophan was also studied in cultures of Leucopaxillus paradoxus, Hygrophorus conicus and Naucoria confragosa. H. conicus, L. paradoxus and N. confragosa transformed tryptamine and indole acetic acid into …

Blackbird Damage And Control--An Informal Seminar, M. I. Dyer

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The object is to hash over a few problems as we see them on this red-winged blackbird situation. I'm Mel Dyer, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario. Around the table are Tom Stockdale, Extension Wildlife Specialist, Ohio Cooperative Extension Service, Columbus; Maurice Giltz, Ohio Agriculture Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio; Joe Halusky, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Columbus, Ohio; Daniel Stiles, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, D.C.; Paul Rodeheffer, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Columbus, Ohio; Brian Hall, Blackbird Research Project, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario; George Cornwell, Virginia Polytechnic Insti¬tute, Blacksburg, Va.; Dick Warren, Peavey Grain Company, Minneapolis, …

Bird Control Methods And Devices--Comments Of The National Pest Control Association, Philip J. Spear

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

It may be useful to review some of the considerations that go into recommendations concerning bird management. Later I will make some comments concerning specific methods and devices being used in or promoted for bird control work regardless of whether or not they are new. Members of the National Pest Control Association provide a variety of services, such as fumigation, termite control and general pest control which includes rodent control. There are eight such categories listed in our roster, but only one member in five provides every service listed. Bird control is a rather recent development and is the newest …

Blackbird Depredations In Animal Industry: Feedlots, Donald Balser

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Reviewing the cattle feedlot problems in the west, we have cattle feedlots near most of our large population centers and in some cases they are located near supplies of rations, such as potatoes in Idaho or beet pulp, milo, etc. Perhaps the greatest number of feedlots are in California which has our largest human population but there are also large operations in Utah, Idaho, Oregon, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Arizona which have reported bird damage problems. Later on in the program we'll have a film taken by our bird project personnel of work in feedlots in Colorado so I'll …

Blackbird Depredations In Animal Industry: Poultry Ranges And Hog Lots, C. E. Faulkner

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

I'm going to move over onto poultry ranges, turkey ranges and hog farms where we have species of birds such as the herring gull, the pigeon, the starling and English sparrow. As a rule, these birds travel relatively great distances from roosts and loafing areas out to the feeding ranges. And why shouldn't they? There is ample high energy food available and usually lack of human disturbance. So they frequent these places during the daylight hours. Actually the losses from these operations are pretty hard to evaluate. Sometimes it is direct, the farmer feels the impact; other times it's indirect. …

New Materials From Research, Donald Balser

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

At the Denver Wildlife Research Center our people are actively searching for means of controlling damage by a whole host of animal and bird species. I say controlling damage rather than controlling species because this should be the primary objective. If we can do this without lethal control, so much the better, and it may be the more lasting solution in the long run. Often removal of some animals by lethal means either increases reproduction, survival, or invasion unless complete control is exercised over sufficiently large areas. In spite of these problems, population reduction is often relied on as a …

Blackbird Flock Behavior In Corn, A Theoretical Model (With Session Discussion), M. I. Dyer

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

I realized this past winter that redwings form the base for an international problem, and so I went down to see Jim Caslick in Florida. Unfortunately, I picked the wrong season. I misjudged the weather for when I went down in May to get experimental birds it was pretty hot. Next year I'll be a bit more careful and go down during the winter time. I want to discuss something a bit different but still in line with crop damage by red-winged blackbirds. I want to relate the damage assessment that we're making in agricultural corn to bird behavior. We've …

Histoplasmosis--Its Relationship To Birds, E. R. Price Ph.D.

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Histoplasmosis is a disease affecting man and many other ani¬mals including the dog, cat, cow, horse, and several wild animals. It is caused by a pathogenic fungus known as Histoplasma capsulatum. This fungus lives and multiplies in the ground as a mold. It prefers the undisturbed litter in and around old chicken houses or in undis¬turbed droppings under bird roosts. It has been found in the soil of dog kennels, under porches of old houses, under trees and bushes frequented by birds in the daytime. It has also been found in isolated caves and hollow trees. It apparently is capable …

Chemosterilants, Possible Control Agents, Robert Mclean

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

A chemosterilant may be defined as a chemical compound that reduces or destroys fertility of the treated animal. There are a variety of compounds which have an anti-fertility effect, and these com¬pounds may attack the reproductive process at any one of its many phases. Chemosterilants have a good potential as a means of population control of pest animals, because the population may be reduced with little reproductive compensation which normally follows a reduction caused by killing. The number of young produced would be reduced by preventing reproduction or by causing early mortality; therefore, there would be little compensatory increase in …

Good Practice In Bird Management, James W. Steckel

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

I'm going to deviate a little bit from what's been said. I'd like to read to you first of all a Good Practice Statement for Bird Management that was accepted by the National Pest Control Association in the past year, 1965. I think it's important for all the people here, realizing that some of you are suppliers, some of you are from regulatory agencies, some of you are in the bird management business, and others are in¬terested in this field in many other ways. It's important for us to realize, all of us, that this field is just in the …

Agricultural Bird Problems In The West, Donald Balser

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

First, I'd like to qualify geographically, the area where most of our work is done and problems occur. It is primarily in the Rocky Mountain states and the west coast. While the area of the Denver Wildlife Research Center's responsibility covers the states west of the Mississippi River; the only area on the plains where our personnel have conducted intensive studies outside of Colorado is in South Dakota. The major bird problems in grain crops in the west are primarily caused by blackbirds excepting, of course, waterfowl depredations. It's difficult to rank the principal crops according to seriousness of losses. …

Agricultural Bird Problems In The Southeast, James Caslick

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Our chairman has wisely asked that we not spend all of our time here telling each other about our bird problems. In the Southeast, our difficulties with blackbirds are based upon the same bird habits that cause trouble elsewhere: they flock, they roost and they eat, generally taking advantage of the readily available handouts that today's agricul¬tural practices provide. Those of us on the receiving end of these de¬predations of course think that damage in our own particular area must be far the worst, anywhere. Because of the location of our meeting place today, perhaps it is worthwhile to point …

Frontmatter & Opening Remarks, 3rd Bird Control Seminar, William B. Jackson

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, September 13-15, 1966.
Sponsored by the Department of Biology, Bowling Green State University, with the assistance of Division of Wildlife Services, United States Fish and Wildlife Service, and the National Pest Control Association, Elizabeth, New Jersey.
Dr. William B. Jackson, Conference Chairman; David E. Schneider, Conference Assistant; David E. Schneider and William B. Jackson, Editors.

Population Dynamics Of Pest Birds, Robert Mclean

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

We want to talk now about population principles; this is our main problem dealing with populations. We should discuss the general application of population principles and the management of bird populations. The reason we can discuss this is because many species follow established principles; population growth and later regulation of its size follow certain basic rules. Many pest species follow these principles, but not always to the letter. Populations of different species, as well as of a species, vary depending upon local conditions. Local environments dictate what population levels and the growth of populations will be. Minor variabilities still fit …

Ecological Control Of Bird Hazard To Aircraft, V. E. F. Solman

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The Canadian Wildlife Service has had twenty-five years experience with the problem caused by bird contacts with aircraft. I experienced my first bird strike, while flying as an observer on a waterfowl survey in August, 1940. Officers of the Service investigated bird problems at airports at Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, and Cartierville, Quebec, in the late 1940's. Those incidents involving gulls and low speed piston-engined aircraft caused minor damage to the aircraft but considerable disturbance to the operators. As aircraft speeds increased and airports became more numerous and busier the problem increased in extent and complexity. By 1960 it was apparent …

Control Of Birds In The Airport Environment, C. E. Faulkner

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

We now move from the inside of the hangar to the outside and view the problem of birds on runways and taxiways. The increased use of aircraft for transportation and the increased use of jet aircraft to take care of this transportation will, of course, compound our bird problems at major airports. To lesson this probability of the bird-aircraft strike, bird management plans should be initiated at these var¬ious commercial airports so we can lessen the bird problem. To show you some of the mechanics involved in a bird management plan, I'm going to take you to a typical airport …

Side Effects Of Persistent Toxicants, George J. Wallace

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

As you can see from the general tenor of the printed program for this seminar, I am in the unenviable position of trying to discourage you from certain types of chemical control; but my assigned topic "Side Effects of Persistent Toxicants," implies that mission. However, my remarks may be somewhat anticlimax at this time, because it is now generally conceded that we need to reevaluate certain chemicals in control work and to restrict or severely curtail use of those that per¬sist for long periods in the environment. So let me detail my reasons for a somewhat negative attitude toward the …