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Grey Kangaroo Management Programme, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The Grey Kangaroo Management Programme, introduced in 1971 by the Department of Fisheries and Fauna, is designed to ensure the long-term conservation of the grey kangaroo, while at the same time recognising the right of the landholder to protect his primary production from damage.

One of the points which has arisen after examination of the programme is that some individual farmers are not fully aware of the requirements of the regulations.

Soil Structure Changes Under Wheatbelt Farming Systems, T C. Stoneman

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

A review of 14 years of Department of Agriculture research into the effects of wheatbelt fanning practices on soil structure reaches the general conclusion that cultivation and grazing practices influence soil structure, and that structure can be improved by soil amendments and pasture growth.

Little data has been obtained to relate plant growth to improved soil structure, as measured.

Potassium For Pastures, Walter Jacob Cox

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

IVIany pastures in the south-west of Western Australia are deficient in potassium or need regular dressings for maximum growth. This article indicates areas and situations in which potassium might be needed, shows how deficiency is diagnosed and gives recommended rates of application.

Corals Of The St. Louis Limestone In The Area Of Calhoun County, Illinois And St. Louis County, Missouri, William Earl Collins

Masters Theses

"The St. Louis Limestone and its equivalent formations crop out from Alaska south to Sonora and from Arizona east to Virginia. The St. Louis, in most cases, is fossiliferous and contains numerous species of foraminifers, echinoderms, bryozoans, molluscans, brachipods, arthropods and coelenterates. Algal mounds and mats are common. The rugose coral fauna of the Middle Mississippian (Meramecian) St. Louis Limestone of southern Calhoun County, Illinois and northern St. Louis County, Missouri was studied to determine first what corals were present and second the validity of the names assigned to the previously described species. It was found that the binomen for …

Structure And Chemical Composition Of The Otoliths Of Cyprinus Carpio, Larry Paul Coen

Masters Theses

"The need for the study of microfossils such as foraminifera, conodonts, and otoliths as stratigraphic tools has been well established. However, disarticulated parts such as otoliths and conodonts cannot be effectively used unless they can be recognized. Otoliths, although somewhat unrecognized in the geological record, are far more abundant than articulated skeletons (Frizzell, 1965, p. 86). Therefore, much investigation is being conducted to reveal the origin, function, morphology, and usefulness of the otoliths of fishes.

In this investigation, the asteriscus, well developed only in Ostariophysins (of which the carp is a member), is studied for morphology. New tentative terms are …

D.C. Background On Predator Control Legislation, Michael Frome

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The tragic fiasco of federal predator control as we have known it is finished. The American people will no longer tolerate it. In this age of environmental concern, the people will not allow their tax dollars to be diverted for such a destructive and wasteful war against living wild creatures for the exclusive benefit of the sheep industry. There is now no turning back to old ways.

Indiscriminate trapping, shooting and poisoning have reduced some of the rarest, most beautiful and superbly adapted species of our wildlife heritage to the brink of extinction, although they consitutue a resource that could …

How Important Are Livestock Management Methods To The Orevention And /Or Reduction Of Losses To Coyotes, Don Good

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Professor.E. K. Faulkner, Extension Sheep Specialist from the University of Wyoming, stated that fencing the range was too expensive to be practical. He indicated that flares, pop-guns, color painting on sheep, and dogs have been used to cut down losses to coyotes but these methods have not been nearly so effective as the use of cyanide guns and 1080. He also indicated that losses to coyotes along with labor problems are the number 1 and 2 reasons for 200 sheepmen going out of the business the past 5 years in the range country. He said that shed lambing or lambing …

The Sport Hunting Of Coyotes, Edward L. Kozicky

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

In an effort to gain some insight into the sport hunting of coyotes in Kansas, Bob Henderson circulated 586 detailed questionnaires and received 228 replies--an excellent voluntary response.

Time does not permit detailed comments on each question and reply. We shall only hit the highlights, and add some editorial comment where it seems appropriate.

It should be remembered that those who took the time to answer the 35 questions were devotees of the sport. This point is emphasized by the fact that of the 225 hunters who responded, 95 have been hunting coyotes for 20 years or more. The next …

Sport Hunting As A Method Of Damage Control, L. Boddicker

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Predator damage control is an area of concern to the livestock producer. He is also often the most likely person to choose sport hunting of coyotes as a recreational activity. Sport hunting of problem coyotes can be an effective tool.

Agricultural producers want to know the skills to control depredating wildlife. A high powered rifle, traps, and various related equipment are standard for most livestock production operations.

Through the Extension effort we attempt to help the producer develop wildlife damage control skills. It is also our responsibility to help develop alternatives to aid the livestock producer with persistent wildlife damage …

Feeding Efficiency In The Cave Salamander Haideotriton Wallacei, Stewart B. Peck

International Journal of Speleology

Selection for efficiency in food capture may be a dominant influence in the evolutionary biology of predaceous cave animals. A sample of 8 Haideotriton wallacei from a natural population contained 21 feeding boluses in their digestive tracts. Fourteen of these boluses contained food, demonstrating success in at least 67% of the feeding attempts.

La Colonisation De Quelques Grottes Du Jura Par Niphadobota Alpina Bezzi (Dipt. Tipulidae), M. J. Turquin

International Journal of Speleology

Three new localities of Niphadobota (=Chionea) alpina in the French southern Jura allow the author to state that this insect’s climatic requirements explain the biogeography of the species; the origin of the colonization of caves by this dipteran is considered.

Beobachtungen An Markierten Und Unmarkierten Köcherfliegen (Trichoptera) In Der Bärenhöhle Im Lonetal (Schwäbischer Jura), Klaus Dobat

International Journal of Speleology

1.The Bärenhöhle, one of the ten caves situated in the episodically water-bearing valley of the Lone (Swabian Jura), serves as summer quarters for the total of ten species of Trichoptera, most of which are Micropterna nycterobia and Stenophylax permistus. 2.Counts carried out in this cave from 1967-1972 and observations of flood and dry-periods of the Lone during the same years make evident that the number of Trichoptera flying into the cave seems to depend in a large measure on the seasonal activity of the creek: a steady flow of water makes the undisturbed development of larvae possible and results …

A New Cavernicolous Species Of The Pseudoscorpion Genus Roncus L. Koch, 1873 (Neobisiidae, Pseudoscorpiones) From The Balkan Peninsula, Božidar P. M. Ćurčić

International Journal of Speleology

Roncus (Parablothrus) pljakici, a new species of cave living pseudoscorpions, is described from the cave ‘Pecina u selu Vrelo’ on Mt. Stara Planina, East Serbia. The problem of its taxonomic position in the subgenus is discussed. The new species is the first representative of Parablothrus to be found in Serbia. It seems possible that R. (P.) pljakici represents an endemic species, specialized for a cavernicolous way of living. The analogies of this and other species of the subgenus point to some similar phenomena which occur in other genera of Balkan false scorpions (Ćurčić 1972). In all these cases, a …

Temperature Preference Responses Of Some Aquatic, Cave-Adapted Crustaceans From Central Texas And Northeastern México, William R. Elliott, Robert W. Mitchell

International Journal of Speleology

The temperature preference responses of five species of troglobite crustaceans were studied in a 15°-30°C gradient. Stygonectes hadenoecus, S. russelli and Asellus reddelli had no discernible temperature preferenda. Speocirolana bolivari had a weak preference for 20-30°C. Cirolanides texensis had a pronounced preference for 20-30°C, temperatures much warmer than that of its habitat. The lack of temperature preferenda in three species agrees with the hypothesis that imprisoned troglobites tend to lose responses to those environmental variables which are constant in caves. S. bolivari may retain its temperature selectivity because of a slow rate of cave-adaptation. It is hypothised that C. …

Observations Sur La Faune Aquatique Souterraine De Cuba, L. Botosaneanu

International Journal of Speleology

A short account on some achievements of the cubano-romanian biospeleological expeditions to Cuba in the study of the aquatic subterranean faunas. The following divisions of the aquatic subterranean realm are reviewed together with their most characteristic faunal elements: “guano pools” and rimstone pools in the vadose zone of the caves; underground streams; water table (and other) lakes in the caves; “pozzos” carved in the limestone, and “grietas” which are vertical clefts in the limestone of marine terraces, giving access to fresh- or to brackish water; the interstitial of the marine beaches; the underflow of running waters. At present, thorough biospeleological …

A New Troglobitic Isopod Of The Genus Lirceus (Asellidae) From Southwestern Virginia, With Notes On Its Ecology And Additional Cave Records For The Genus In The Appalachians, John R. Holsinger, Thomas E. Bowman

International Journal of Speleology

Lirceus usdagalun new species, the first known troglobitic species of the genus, is described from three caves in Lee County, Virginia. The potential taxonomic value of the endopod tip of the male second pleopod, heretofore dismissed as a diagnostic character in this genus, is pointed out. Some general ecological data for the new species are presented, and cave records for other populations of Lirceus spp. from the Appalachians are given.

Le Deuxième Colloque International Sur Les Genres Niphargus Et Gammarus - Lyon, 1973 Compte-Rendu De Travail Pour Niphargus, R. Ginet

International Journal of Speleology

Following the First Colloquium held at Verona in 1969, it was planned to hold at Lyon in July, 1973, the Second International Colloquium dealing with the genus Niphargus and also with the genus Gammarus. As subject matter in discussions dealing with the first of these genera, the meeting was devoted mainly the balancing the various viewpoints (based on the European approach) and initiating a collective study of the systematics of these hypogean Amphipoda. The systematics are currently quite confused. Several modifications of the propositions of the Colloquium at Verona (published in 1972) were discussed. A third Colloquium, with the same …

Breeding And Fecundity In A Subterranean Mysid, Lepidomysis Longipes (Pillai And Mariamma), C. N. Nath

International Journal of Speleology

The hypogean mysid, Lepidomysis longipes has a breeding period extending from December to April with the peak period in March. A secondary breeding period appears in August and September. The females have low fecundity and carry a maximum of nine eggs. Development is delayed due to lack of nourishment in the environment. The mysids breed only once a year.

Aspetti Ecologici Ed Evolutivi Del Popolamento Di Grotte Temperate E Tropicali: Osservazioni Sul Ciclo Biologico Di Alcune Specie Di Ptomaphagus (Coleoptera Catopidae), Valerio Sbordoni, Marina Cobolli-Sbordoni

International Journal of Speleology

Differences between tropical and temperate cave communities are an important topic in the actual biospeleological thinking. Among the most striking differences is the paucity of terrestrial troglobites in tropical caves. This fact may depend on the higher energy input into tropical caves which lessens the selection pressures for energy-economizing troglobite adaptations. Consequently evolutionary rates would be slowed in tropical caves and, in a date group, troglobites would appear later in such caves than in temperate ones with lower energy input. In order to investigate this point the authors studied the degree of adaptation to the cave environment in two species …

Feeding Behavior Of The Salamander Gyrinophilus Porphyriticus In Caves, David C. Culver

International Journal of Speleology

The feeding responses of salamander larvae (Gyrinophilus porphyriticus) from caves in the Powell Valley in Virginia were investigated in the laboratory. The larvae locate prey by mechanoreception and capture the prey by a rapid sucking action, much like cave-limited salamanders do. Feeding success is greater with the isopod Asellus recurvatus (about 90 per cent) than with the amphipod Crangonyx antennatus (about 50 per cent), and this largely accounts for the higher frequency of A. recurvatus taken in choice experiments. G. porphyriticus readily ingested the unfamiliar isopod Lirceus usdagalun, but it took four weeks before it was digested …

Summary Of 1972 Seasonal Results "Decide" Superphosphate Rates On Pastures, J. W. Bowden

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

A total of 53 pasture trials were topdressed. Of these, 37 trials were quantitatively assessed at different times during the growing season. Of the 15 wheat trials sown, only four trials gave useful results because of multiple drilling techniques used on most trials. Until the trial results have undergone comprehensive statistical analysis, no conclusions can be drawn. about the levels of response or "optimum" rates of superphosphate application at individual sites. However, because of the very short growing season in 1972 responses were generally poor. It appears that nil superphosphate application would have been optimum for animal production in the …

Objective Measurement Of Wool : Criteria, Methods And Materials, A Ingleton

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

An outline of some of the technical aspects of the objective measurement of wool—processes that will mean major cost savings to the wool industry.

Hydrogeology Of A Sanitary Landfill, Mandan, North Dakota, Raymond D. Butler

Theses and Dissertations

The data from this study can be applied to much of southwestern North Dakota because the geologic and climatic conditions are similar.

The Mandan landfill is on the Heart River floodplain and next to the river on the north and steep valley wall on the south. The sanitary landfill bas been used for over 20 years.

The only pre-Pleistocene unit exposed is the Cannonball Formation, which is interbedded sand, silt, and clay. Quaternary units consist of till, fluvial sand, silt, clay, and gravel, and eolian sand and silt.

A local flow system recharges on the upland next to the valley …

Compatibility And Stability Of 8% Amino Acids Solution In Combination With Electrolytes, Vitamins And Antibiotics, David Harold Schuetz

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

For centuries, researchers have attempted to devise the ideal parenteral nutritional product readily amenable to physiological requirements. Hyperalimentation, intravenous alimentation, parenteral alimentation, parenteral feeding, and total parenteral nutrition are synonyms which refer to a method of complete intravenous nutrition reserved for patients demonstrating negative nitrogen balance.

The nutrient solution appeared to accommodate levels of potassium phosphate, calcium gluconate, and magnesium sulfate well in excess of “usual” therapeutic concentrations. Similarly, commonly employed vitamin supplements and insulin were examined in combination with the hyperalimentation solution and failed to demonstrate signs of physical incompatibility. However, instrumental analysis, i.e., U.V. spectroscopy and thin-layer chromatography, …

The Fauna And Paleoecology Of The Charleston Quarry Shale, James Karl Gilliam

Masters Theses

The fauna and paleoecology of a late-Pennsylvanian shale contained in the Livingston Limestone of eastern Illinois is here defined. The name, Charleston quarry shale, is informally used for this shale in the area of the Charleston Stone Company quarry, northeast of Charleston, Illinois (SEC. 32, T. 13N., R. 10E., Coles Co.).

The fauna consists mostly of bryozoans, brachiopods and crinoids distributed throughout three distinct zones in the Charleston quarry shale. This fauna inhabited an offshore quiet bottom area in a shallow, warm, marine epicontinental sea which covered the area in the late-Pennsylvanian geologic period. The depth of water above the …

Some Aspects Of Mercury Accumulation By The Purple Shore Crab Hemigrapsus Nudus Dana (Crustacea: Decapoda), Ralph Gene Swanson

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The present study has attempted to investigate some of the more basic questions concerning the toxicity and accumulation of mercury in the purple shore crab, Hemigrapsus nudus. This rocky intertidal denizen is found in abundance along the entire Pacific coast of the United States from Sitka, Alaska, to the Gulf of California where it dominates the mid-tide pool region. Local specimens were collected just north of the Pacific Marine Stations, Dillon Beach, Marin County, California. The animal is hearty and can be kept in a state of good health for long periods of time in the laboratory with minimum care …

Branchiobdellids (Annelida: Clitellata) From Some Eastern North American Caves, With Descriptions Of New Species Of The Genus Cambarincola, Perry C. Holt

International Journal of Speleology

Branchiobdellids are found as epizoites on crustaceans of the orders Isopoda and Decapoda (cambarine crayfishes) in caves of eastern North America. Species that may be considered as troglobites, since they are not known from epigean waters, appear to be confirmed to truly troglobitic isopods and possibly a few troglobitic crayfishes from Florida and the Tennessee-Kentucky Highland Rim cave belt. The majority of the records of branchiobdellids from caves are of representatives of common epigean forms epizootic un crayfishes. Cross-referenced lists of branchiobdellids, their hosts and cave localities are presented. Some of the new species described are apparently troglobitic or troglophilic, …

Effect Of Increased Water Supply On Net Returns To Dairy Farms In Sonsonate, El Salvador, Morris Whitaker, Gary Glenn, Allen Lebaron, Boyd Wennergren

Reports

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Temperature On The Toxicity To The Aquatic Biota Of Waste Discharges - A Compilation Of The Literature, E. Joe Middlebrooks, M. J. Gaspar, R. D. Gaspar, J. H. Reynolds, Donald B. Porcella

Reports

An extensive compiliation and general evaluation of the literature is presented which describes the temperature interaction with toxicity. Recent literature is summarized and made accessible along with a few generalized relationships such that researchers may design studies in a manner that will increase the utility of their results. A detailed indexing system is employed which makes the information contained in the report accessible by author, toxicant, and text organism. Summary tables of the most pertinent literature are also presented for easy subject retrieval. It was concluded that very little uniformity in experimental design is found between experiments on temperature-toxicity relationships, …

Ecological Implications Of Dimethyl Mercury In An Aquatic Food Chain, Lawrence P. Kolb, Donald B. Porcella, E. Joe Middlebrooks

Reports

Laboratory studies indicate dimethyl mercury may be a major product of microbial methylation of inorganic mercury. Although another methylation product, monomethyl mercury, has been extensively studied, the physical, chemical, and biologicl factors affecting the transport and food chain distribution of dimethyl mercury have remained unclear. This report presents results of laboratory studies of volatilization rates from water as a function of temperature and mixing conditions, uptake kinetics and equilibrium concentrations in algae,