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The Probe, Issue 147 - September 1994

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

CONTENTS:
To Be or Not to Be Released in the Wild-That is the Question
Alternate Use for Softcatch Traps
CALENDAR OF UPCOMING EVENTS
Wild Pigs Ravage Northern California Vineyards
Control Methods’ Impacts on Laughing Gulls at JFK
Mountain Lions on the Prowl in Colorado
Gulls, Terns, Mergansers, and Herons Plague Washington Fish Hatchery
Do Livestock Guarding Dogs Lose Their Effectiveness Over Time?
New Book Available – Wildlife Removal Handbook
American White Pelicans and Catfish

Pastoral Resources And Their Management In The North-Eastern Goldfields, Western Australia, H J. Pringle

Agriculture reports

This report commences with a brief section in which rangeland survey information is put into a pastoral management context. It then describes the environment in terms of types of rangeland and climate. Types of rangeland are described in terms of pasture types, land systems and land types. A pasture type is a kind of land at a plant community or landform scale. It is what is seen out of the window of a vehicle and what monitoring sites are located on. A land system can be seen as a pattern of pasture types in a characteristic position in the landscape. …

Center For Sustainable Agricultural Systems Newsletter, September/October 1994

Center for Sustainable Agricultural Systems: Newsletter (1993–2000)

Contents:

New UNL Center for Grassland Studies

BioNet Bulletin Board

New NSAS Director and New Extension Director

What Happens to Pesticides in Soil and Water?

In the Seminar Spotlight

Paul Thompson

Joel Salatin

Symposium to Focus on Future of Great Plains

Farm Bill Focus of midwest Governors' Conference

Ag Waste Database

Sustainable Development Framework for the Great Plains

USDA Drafting National Organic Standards

Environmental Reserve Proposed

Sustainable Ag Directors Workshop on February

EPA and USDA Agreement on Pest Management

Congress Approves Funding for Sustainable Ag and Related Programs

President Clinton's Sustainable Development Awards

Futuristic Symposium at ASA Meetings

Black Bears, Scott E. Hygnstrom

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

The black bear (Ursus americanus) is the smallest and most widely distributed of the North American bears. Black bears east of the Mississippi are predominantly black, but in the Rocky Mountains and westward various shades of brown, cinnamon, and even blond are common. The head is moderately sized with a straight profile and tapering nose. The ears are relatively small, rounded, and erect. It is important to be able to distinguish between black bears and grizzly/brown bears (Ursus arctos). The grizzly/brown bear is typically much larger than the black bear.

Red Fox, Robert L. Phillips, Robert H. Schmidt

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is the most common of the foxes native to North America. Most depredation problems are associated with red foxes, although in some areas gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) can cause problems. The red fox is dog-like in appearance, with an elongated pointed muzzle and large pointed ears that are usually erect and forward. It has moderately long legs and long, thick, soft body fur with a heavily furred, bushy tail. Red foxes occur over most of North America, north and east from southern California, Arizona, and central Texas. The red fox is …

Badgers, Fred Lindzey

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

The badger (Taxidea taxus) is a stocky, medium-sized mammal with a broad head, a short, thick neck, short legs, and a short, bushy tail. Its front legs are stout and muscular, and its front claws are long. It is silver-gray, has long guard hairs, a black patch on each cheek, black feet, and a characteristic white stripe extending from its nose over the top of its head. Badgers are members of the weasel family and have the musky odor characteristic of this family. They are especially adapted for burrowing, with strong front legs equipped with long, well-developed claws. …

Grizzly/Brown Bears, Charles Jonkel

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

Grizzly/brown bears (Ursus arctos) of the world include numerous subspecies in Asia, Europe, and North America. The interior grizzly (Ursus arctos horribilis) is generally smaller than the coastal (Ursus arctos gyas) or island (Ursus arctos middendorffi) subspecies of North American brown bear, and it has the classic “grizzled” hair tips. Brown bears in general are very large and heavily built. Wherever brown bears live, their size is influenced by their subspecies status, food supply, and length of the feeding season. Bone growth continues throughthe sixth year, so subadult nutrition often dictates their …

Polar Bears, Peter L. Clarkson, Ian Stirling

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

The polar bear is the largest member of the family Ursidae. Polar bears have a heavy build overall, large feet, and a longer neck relative to their body size than other species of bears. The fur is white, but the shade may vary among white, yellow, grey, or almost brown, depending on the time of year or light conditions. The vitamin A content of the liver ranges between 15,000 and 30,000 units per gram and is toxic to humans if consumed in any quantity. Polar bears are distributed throughout the circumpolar Arctic. In North America, their range extends from the …

House Cats (Feral), William D. Fitzwater

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

The cat has been the most resistant to change of all the animals that humans have domesticated. All members of the cat family, wild or domesticated, have a broad, stubby skull, similar facial characteristics, lithe, stealthy movements, retractable claws (except the cheetah), and nocturnal habits. Feral cats are house cats living in the wild. They are small in stature, weighing from 3 to 8 pounds, standing 8 to 12 inches high at the shoulder, and 14 to 24 inches long. The tail adds another 8 to 12 inches to their length. Colors range from black to white to orange, and …

Chromium(Vi) Reduction By Ascorbate: Role Of Reactive Intermediates In Dna Damage In Vitro, D M. Stearns, K D. Courtney, P H. Giangrande, L S. Phieffer, Karen E. Wetterhahn

Dartmouth Scholarship

Reaction of chromium(VI) with one equivalent of ascorbate was studied by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy in the presence of 0.10 M 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide (DMPO) at room temperature in 0.10 M (N-[2-hydroxyethyl]piperazine-N'-[2-ethanesulfonic acid]) (HEPES) and 0.05 M tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride (Tris-HCl) buffers (pH 7.0 room temperature). Chromium(V), ascorbyl radical, and carbon-based DMPO-radical adducts were observed. A higher level of Cr(V) was observed in HEPES buffer and a higher level of the DMPO-radical adducts was observed in Tris-HCl buffer. Chromium-DNA binding studies were carried out in vitro for calf thymus DNA incubated with Cr(VI) and ascorbate in both buffers at 37 degrees C. Higher …

Modeling Trihalomethane Formation Potential From Wastewater Chlorination, Carol A. Mccormick

Theses and Dissertations

The deletion of federally mandated fecal coliform limits has led many states to review and modify their wastewater disinfection requirements. One issue in analyzing wastewater disinfection is the discharge of potentially carcinogenic halogenated organics formed during the chlorination process. This research investigates the formation of one class of the halogenated organics, the trihalomethanes. The applicability of using drinking water trihalomethane formation models for use with wastewater effluent is examined. Three models are compared for predictive capability by using measured trihalomethane values from previous research data. The results show that a previously developed model is applicable for use based on assumptions …

Simulation Of Hydrologic Influences On Wetland Ecosystem Succession, Robert A. Pompilio

Theses and Dissertations

This research focuses on the development of a simulation model to determine the effects of hydrological influences on a wetland ecosystem. The model allows perturbations to the inputs of various wetland data which in turn, influences the successional development of the ecosystem. This research consisted of converting a grassland ecosystem model to one which simulates wetland conditions. The critical factor in determining the success of wetland creation is the hydrology of the system. There are four of the areas of the original model which are affected by the hydrology. The model measures the health or success of the ecosystem through …

Path-Planning For A Mobile Robot Sweeper, Chandrajit Bajaj, Fausto Bernardini, Steve Cutchin, Kokichi Sugihara

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Female Voices In Mathematics: A New Course, Shobha Gulati

Humanistic Mathematics Network Journal

No abstract provided.

John Muir Newsletter, Fall 1994, John Muir Center For Regional Studies

Muir Center Newsletters (1981-2015)

John Muir Newsletter fall 1994 university of the pacific volume 4, number 4 JOHN MUIR'S PHOTOGRAPH COLLECTION By Janene Ford Library/Archives Assistant Holt-Atherton Library It is said a picture is worth a thousand words. John Muir could easily turn out a thousand words, but as far as we know he seldom, if ever, used a camera. However, it is evident that Muir recognized and respected the value of visual images. During his lifetime he amassed a collection of nearly 3,000 photographs, many of which were taken by acquaintances and friends such as William Keith, Charles Lummis, Theodore Lukens, Marion Delany, …

The Probe, Issue 146 - August 1994

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

CONTENTS:
Redefining Wildlife Management As Faunal Resource Management
Wildlife Biologist Position Available at JFK International Airport
CALENDAR OF UPCOMING EVENTS
Bears Attack Hunter in Oregon and German Camper in Canada
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service to Take Fresh Look at Refuge Uses

Math: It's Not Just A Four Letter Word, Susan Byerly

Humanistic Mathematics Network Journal

No abstract provided.

Surveys Of The Distribution Of Seabirds Found In The Vicinity Of Proposed Geothermal Project Subzones In The District Of Puna, Hawaii, Michelle Reynolds, George Ritchotte, Anthony Viggiano, Jill Dwyer, Bonnie Nielson, James D. Jacobi

Other Publications in Wildlife Management

In 1993, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) entered into an interagency agreement with the Department of Energy (DOE) to conduct specific biological surveys to identify potential impacts of the proposed geothermal development on the natural resources of the East Rift Zone (Figure 1). This report presents information from published literature information and new field data on seabird populations on the island of Hawaii. These data are analyzed with regard to potential impacts of geothermal development on seabird populations in this area. Fifteen species of seabirds, waterbirds, and shorebirds are documented or suspected of being found using habitats within …

The Algorithmic Complexity Of Neural Spike Trains Increases During Focal Seizures, P. E. Rapp, I. D. Zimmerman, E. P. Vining, N. Cohn, Alfonso M. Albano, M. A. Jimenez Montano

Physics Faculty Research and Scholarship

The interspike interval spike trains of spontaneously active cortical neurons can display nonrandom internal structure. The degree of nonrandom structure can be quantified and was found to decrease during focal epileptic seizures. Greater statistical discrimination between the two physiological conditions (normal vs seizure) was obtained with,measurements of context-free grammar complexity than by measures of the distribution of the interspike intervals such as the mean interval, its standard deviation, skewness, or kurtosis. An examination of fixed epoch data sets showed that two factors contribute to the complexity: the firing rate and the internal structure of the spike train. However, calculations with …

Water Current, Volume 26, No. 4, August 1994

Water Current Newsletter

CRP Reduces Flood Damage
From the Director
Glossary of Water-Related Terms
Pesticide Fate Vital Factor
California Citrus Production Tied to Groundwater
Research Brief: Pesticide Levels in Storm Runoff From Agricultural Stream Sites with Different Riparian Buffer Strips
Festival of Color
USGS Team Visits Two Projects
Symposium to Take on Water Challenge

Hydrogeology And Hydrogeochemistry Of Government Marsh, North St. Joseph County, Michigan, Michael C. Kasenow

Dissertations

A hydrogeologic and hydrogeochemical investigation was conducted at Government Marsh located in St. Joseph County, Michigan from May, 1988, to November, 1993. Information on glacial geology, topography, drainage patterns, hydraulic conductivity, vegetation, water chemistry, and static water table elevations has been collected and analyzed. Data were collected in order to determine directions of ground water flow and areas of recharge and discharge. Bail-down tests, grain-size analysis, and permeameters were used to determine hydraulic conductivity adjacent to and within the wetland. Water table elevations and chemistry were analyzed from wells adjacent to the wetland perimeter and within the boundaries of the …

Bulletin 4279 - Streamlining - An Environmentally Sustainable Drainage Network For The Swan Coastal Plain (Peel-Harvey Catchment), Garry Heady, Neil Guise

Bulletins 4000 -

Community Catchment Centre Pinjarra

A network of over 1400 kilometres of drains and modified natural waterways constructed by the Public Works Department criss-crosses the Peel-Harvey catchment. There are also over 3300 kilometres of minor drains and natural waterways in this same region.

The expansion of agriculture relied on this extensive drainage network, which was designed to ensure rapid drainage of the region. Unfortunately there was little regard to future environmental consequences.

Along with drainage water, these same drains now carry high loads of silt and nutrients. Many of the drains are also degraded and require expensive maintenance annually.

Should Australia Export Its Native Birds?, Ross Kingwell

Biosecurity Research Articles

Commercial export from Australia of native birds, wild or captive bred, is prohibited. This paper firstly describes the current legislation and regulations that restrict the export of native birds and discusses why governments have adopted such a regulatory approach to bird species preservation. Secondly, the paper reviews the debate concerning the export ban, pointing out strengths and weaknesses in arguments and indicating the important role of CITES. Lastly, the paper outlines a new case for a conditional lifting of the ban, whereby DNA fingerprinting is used to establish transferable property rights to overcome a main source of market failure in …

The Relationship Of Dietary And Lifestyle Factors To Bone Mineral Density Of Healthy Singaporean Chinese Women, Ampai Dana Aimsiri

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Few studies have examined the risk factors associated with reduced bone mass in Asians, but none specifically investigated Singaporean Chinese women. The subjects in this study were 16 premenopausal, 8 perimenopausal and 13 postmenopausal women who participated in a larger study which began in 1986. Bone density was measured in 1986 and 1992. Dietary and lifestyle data were collected for this study by personal interview. Association between dietary and lifestyle factors and bone density variables and change in bone density at the end of the 6 year period were assessed by univariate regression analyses.

Postmenopausal women had significantly lower baseline …

36th Rocky Mountain Conference On Analytical Chemistry

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Program, abstracts, and information about the 36th annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference on Analytical Chemistry, co-sponsored by the Colorado Section of the American Chemical Society and the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Denver, Colorado, July 31 - August 5, 1994.

Prairie Dogs, Scott E. Hygnstrom, Dallas R. Virchow

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

Prairie dogs are stocky burrowing rodents that live in colonies called “towns.” French explorers called them “little dogs” because of the barking noise they make. Their legs are short and muscular, adapted for digging. The tail and other extremities are short. Their hair is rather coarse with little underfur, and is sandy brown to cinnamon in color with grizzled black and buff-colored tips. The belly is light cream to white.
Five species of prairie dogs are found in North America: the black-tailed (Cynomys ludovicianus), Mexican (C. mexicanus), white-tailed (C. leucurus), Gunnison’s (C. gunnisoni), and Utah prairie dog (C. parvidens). The …

Belding's, California, And Rock Ground Squirrels, Rex E. Marsh

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

Twenty-three species and 119 subspecies of ground squirrels exist in the United States (Hall 1981). At least 10 species can be of considerable economic importance to agriculture or have a significant impact on public health. This chapter covers the three species found in the far west and southwest. All three species range over extensive regions. While the California (Spermophilus beecheyi) and the Belding’s (S. beldingi) ground squirrels are considered pests over large agricultural areas, they are not pests throughout their entire range. The rock ground squirrel (S. variegatus) is not a major pest but is important because of its involvement …

Mountain Beavers, Dan L. Campbell

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

The mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa) is a medium-sized rodent in the family Aplodontiadae. There are no other species in the family. Average adults weigh 2.3 pounds (1,050 g) and range from 1.8 to 3.5 pounds (800 to 1,600 g). Average overall length is 13.5 inches (34 cm), including a rudimentary tail about 1 inch (2.5 cm) long. The body is stout and compact. The head is relatively large and wide and blends into a large neck with no depression where it joins the shoulders. The eyes and ears are relatively small and the cheeks have long silver “whiskers.” The hind …

Muskrats, James E. Miller

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

The muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) is the largest microtine rodent in the United States. It spends its life in aquatic habitats and is well adapted for swimming. Its large hind feet are partially webbed, stiff hairs align the toes, and its laterally flattened tail is almost as long as its body. The muskrat has a stocky appearance, with small eyes and very short, rounded ears. Its front feet, which are much smaller than its hind feet, are adapted primarily for digging and feeding. The overall length of adult muskrats is usually from 18 to 24 inches (46 to 61 cm). Large …

Cotton Rats, Donald W. Hawthorne

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

The hispid cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus) is a moderately large, robust rodent with a scaly, sparsely haired tail that is shorter than the combined head and body. Cotton rats have relatively large eyes. The ears are large but almost hidden in the fur. They have four toes and a small thumb on their front feet and five toes on each hind foot. The cotton rat has very small internal cheek pouches. Distinguishing characteristics are the rough grizzled appearance of the blackish or grayish fur and the rather stiff black guard hairs.
The hispid cotton rat occurs over most of the …