Digital Commons Network^™

Repellency Of Plant, Natural Products, And Predator Odors To Woodchucks, N. Jay Bean, Wyatt L. Korff, J. Russell Mason

National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995

Woodchuck (Marmota monax) damage to lawns, gardens, orchards, and other agricultural areas is of concern to homeowners and fanners throughout the northeastern region of the United States. Currently, the only effective control methods are live-trapping and relocation, shooting, or lethal trapping. Each of these techniques, though effective, has drawbacks that limit its use in residential areas. Using odors to repel the animals could provide a nonlethal option to help mitigate the vegetation and property damage caused by these animals. For this reason, we studied the repellency of several commonly available odorants to repel woodchucks. Nine different burrow sites …

A Review Of The Bird Repellent Effects Of 1 17 Carbocyclic Compounds, Larry Clark

National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995

We evaluated 117 carbocyclic compounds for their bird repellent effects in no-choice (one-bottle) drinking tests and summarized the results in this paper. Compounds derivative of aromatic heterocycles, acetophenones and carbocyclic compounds containing sulfur are often strong repellents. Anthranilates, aromatic alcohols, aromatic aldehydes, and carbocyclic compounds containing nitrogen are moderately strong repellents. However, the potency of anthranilates is highly variable, depending upon the nature of the substitutions. Acetates and benzoates are weak repellents. Benzoic acids and amino acids are not repellent to starlings. In addition, discussions of the type of behavioral assay, units of measure, and dose-response characterizations include recommendations for …

Sucrose As A Feeding Deterrent For Fruit-Eating Birds, Carlos Martinez Del Rio, Michael L. Avery, Kristin E. Brugger

National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995

Economic losses due to bird damage to small fruits such as blueberries, grapes, and cherries can be very high and are expected to increase in the future. The primary sugars in these fruits are glucose and fructose. Sucrose is present in very low concentrations only. Our research has unveiled a physiological trait common to many fruit-eating species in the phylogenetically related families Muscicapidae, Mirnidae, and Sturnidae. These birds are unable to digest sucrose because they lack the intestinal enzyme sucrase which hydrolyzes sucrose into glucose and fructose prior to absorption. In cage tests these birds prefer glucose and fructose to …

Comparative Analysis Of Deer Repellents, Abderrahim El Hani, Michael R. Conover

National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995

The deer repellent literature is fragmented and hard to interpret because there is no standard method to measure repellent effectiveness. Instead, studies differ in (1) which repellents were tested, (2) which plant or food was used as a carrier, (3) repellent concentration, (4) test duration, (5) experimental design, and (6) criteria for success. Despite these difficulties, we analyzed the literature seeking over-arching trends in repellent effectiveness. Deer-Away Big Game Repellenta (BGR) and predator odors were usually more effective than other repellents. In most field tests, the best repellents usually reduced deer damage by < 60%. There was no significant difference in the effectiveness of area repellents and contact repellents. Factors affecting repellent effectiveness include relative palatability of the plant to be protected, size of local deer populations, availability of alternative forage, weather, amount and concentration of repellent used, and test duration. White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and mule deer ( …

Bird Deterrent Research And Development: Marine Oil Spills, Timothy J. Reilly

National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995

A wide range of techniques are available for deterring birds from coastal oil spills, including (but not limited to) pyrotechnics, aircraft, boats, flags, reflecting devices, and artificial sounds. Many of these deterrent devices have had little field testing to determine optimal deterrent strategies. The Marine Spill Response Corporation (MSRC) developed a research and development (R&D) plan which has identified critical research which would need to be conducted to determine these optimal strategies. This program was initiated through the generation of a report which described the state-of-the-art of deterring birds from marine oil spills. Following this report, MSRC hosted a workshop …

Repellent Trials To Reduce Reforestation Damage By Pocket Gophers, Deer, And Elk, Gary W. Witmer, Rodney D. Sayler, Michael J. Pipas

National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995

We tested selected, potential repellents in pen and field trials to determine their ability to reduce consumption of palatable foods by pocket gophers (Thomomys talpoides), deer (Odocoileus spp.), and elk (Cervus elaphus). Only sulfur-based compounds (predator urines and Deer Away®) deterred feeding by captive gophers. Chemically hot, bitter, and noxious compounds and plants did not deter gopher feeding. Rapid reinvasion of available habitat by pocket gophers in a field trial occurred despite the presence of encapsulated, sulfur-based semiochemicals of stoat (Mustela erminea) on trial plots. Coyote urine and Deer Away deterred browsing by …

Preprocessing Of Microcirculatory Images., Mohamed S. Mansour

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis project consists of the development of a computerized image processing system to preprocess microvascular images of the mouse Latisimus Dorsi Muscle (LDM). This research has been conducted in association with the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at the University of Louisville. The input to the system is a set of 35 or more overlapping microscopic fields or sub_images containing segments of the LDM microcirculation, the output is an adjacent single montage encompassing the entire LDM microvasculature. The developed system presents practical solutions to the problems of image registration, overlap resolution, and image segmentation, in addition, the results …

An Integrated Framework For Learning And Reasoning, Christophe G. Giraud-Carrier, Tony R. Martinez

Faculty Publications

Learning and reasoning are both aspects of what is considered to be intelligence. Their studies within AI have been separated historically, learning being the topic of machine learning and neural networks, and reasoning falling under classical (or symbolic) AI. However, learning and reasoning are in many ways interdependent. This paper discusses the nature of some of these interdependencies and proposes a general framework called FLARE, that combines inductive learning using prior knowledge together with reasoning in a propositional setting. Several examples that test the framework are presented, including classical induction, many important reasoning protocols and two simple expert systems.

37th Rocky Mountain Conference On Analytical Chemistry

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Final program, abstracts, and information about the 37th annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference on Analytical Chemistry, co-sponsored by the Colorado Section of the American Chemical Society and the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Denver, Colorado, July 23-27, 1995.

Animal Waste And The Land-Water Interface, H. Don Scott, Kenneth Steele

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

This book presents abstracts of research studies conducted on animal wastes and the interface between application of animal waste to land. The abstracts were divided into sections which tend to organize summaries of research studies conducted on similar topics. These topics range from characteristics of animal waste to the effects of animal wastes on streams, lakes, wetlands, and watersheds, development of best management practices, nutrient management, edge of field losses and alternative uses. The posters will be available for viewing from 10:00 a.m. Monday, July 17, until 12:00 noon on Wednesday, July 19, 1995.

The Probe, Issue # 156 -- July 1995

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

An Update on the ADC Brown Tree Snake Control Program, by Tim J. Ohasi, USDA-APHIS-ADC, 3375 Koapaka St., Suite H-420, Honolulu, HI 96819
Deer Contraception Proves to Be Costly Failure
Kangaroos Off the Threatened Species List
Animal Rights Protesters Target AT&T Gopher Experiments
Vampire Bats Plague Mexican Ranchers
Do Mixed Gender Teams Complicate Fieldwork?, by Robert H. Giles, Jr., Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0321
Bird Strike-USA Committee Meeting
Trapping Weasels
Errata from June PROBE
Video Review - "Removing Raccoons From Chimneys"

Center For Sustainable Agricultural Systems Newsletter, July/August 1995

Center for Sustainable Agricultural Systems: Newsletter (1993–2000)

Contents:

Center for Rural Affairs Holds Annual Meeting

SARE/ACE Preproposals Due Sept. 15

Regional Training Program Awards Minigrants

Reduced Herbicide Weed Control

Interested in Biofuels?

Cast Report Summarizes Crp Survey

New San Coordinator

USDA Office of Sustainable Ag Programs Has Two Job Openings

Ag Resource Conservation Act

Listserv on Land Use and Other Resources

E-mail Network for Ecological Agriculture

Weed Electronic Discussion Group

Fairwell Michele

The Imprudence Of Prudent Avoidance, David W. Hafemeister

Physics

No abstract provided.

Circulation, Summer 1995, Center For Coastal Physical Oceanography, Old Dominion University

CCPO Circulation

Summer 1995 issue of CCPO Circulation featuring article "The U. S. Coastal Ocean Is in Alaska!"

Trophic Transfer Of Fatty Acids, Sterols, And A Triterpenoid Alcohol Between Bacteria, A Ciliate, And The Copepod Acartia Tonsa, Melissa C. Ederington, George B. Mcmanus, H. Rodger Harvey

OES Faculty Publications

The incorporation of lipids into the copepod Acartia tonsa and its eggs was measured when it was fed either a bacterivorous ciliate (Pleuronema sp.) or a diatom (Thalassiosira weissflogii). Egg production was 10-fold higher on the diatom diet, whereas hatch success of eggs was the same for algal and ciliate diets. Adult copepods fed diatoms contained more total fatty acid and sterols than copepods fed the ciliate diet, and individual lipids reflected the dietary source. Eggs from diatom-fed copepods had fewer fatty acids but more sterols than eggs from copepods on a ciliate diet. Ciliate-fed copepods and …

Water Rights And The Commonwealth, Eric T. Freyfogle

Sustainable Use of the West's Water (Summer Conference, June 12-14)

20 pages.

Sustainability: Myth And Reality, Kai Lee

Sustainable Use of the West's Water (Summer Conference, June 12-14)

23 pages (includes illustrations).

Contains references.

Agenda: Sustainable Use Of The West's Water, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Sustainable Use of the West's Water (Summer Conference, June 12-14)

Conference organizers and/or faculty included University of Colorado School of Law professors David H. Getches, Lawrence J. MacDonnell, Teresa A. Rice, Elizabeth A. Rieke and Charles F. Wilkinson.

Sustainable development is on the policy agenda for the '90s. What does sustainability mean? Is it a realistic concept? Are water rights compatible with sustainable use? The Center's 16th annual summer conference will explore the meaning of sustainability in the context of the West's demands, development, and natural values. Presentations by leading experts will address the broad concept of sustainable development, with a particular look at Arizona's experience. The focus will be …

Brown Fields, A Regional Incinerator And Resident Perception Of Neighborhood Quality, Michael Greenberg, Dona Schneider, Jim Parry

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

The authors discuss an extension of their research into residential perceptions of neighborhood quality as affected by urban blight. They believe that unwanted facilities may help deteriorate neighborhoods to the point where they are fit only for such uses.

Assessment Of Effectiveness Of Buffer Zones In Removing Impurities In Runoff From Areas Treated With Poultry Litter. Part Ii: Source Areas To Buffer Areas Ratio Effects, P. Srivastava, D. R. Edards, T. C. Daniel

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Vegetative filter strips (VFS) are known to reduce runoff losses of nutrients. solids. and other materials from land areas treated with fertilizers . Although VFS effectiveness is known to depend partially on the relative lengths of filter and pollutant source areas. there is little experimental evidence available to quantify this dependence. This is particularly the case when VFS are implemented down-slope of pasture areas treated with animal manures such as poultry litter. This study assessed the influences of pollutant source area (treated with poultry litter) and VFS lengths on VFS removal of total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN). ammonia nitrogen (NH3 -N …

Brine Shrimp Ecology In The Great Salt Lake, Utah, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Hypersaline lakes are noted for their simple communities which facilitate understanding ecological interactions (Williams et al. 1990; Wurtsbaugh 1992; Jellison and Melack 1988). Nevertheless, we still cannot easily predict how environmental changes will effect the population dynamics in these lakes, at least in part because even these simple ecosystems may be more complex than we .realize. Many hypersaline lakes are dominated by the brine shrimp Artemia spp. The production of brine shrimp is often very high because the terminal, saline lakes accumulate nutrients that make them rich, and because the short food chains in them (nutrients-->phytoplankton-->brine shrimp) minim …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 27, No.2. June 1995

The Prairie Naturalist

WILDLIFE MORTALITY ASSOCIATED WITH OIL PITS IN WYOMING ▪ B.J. Esmoil and S.H. Anderson

DRAMATIC INCREASE OF LE CONTE'S SPARROW IN CONSERVATION RESERVE PROGRAM FIELDS IN THE NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS ▪ LD. Igl and D.H. Johnson

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS FOR NORTH DAKOTA - 1994 ▪ R.N. Randall

DESCRIPTIONS OF WALLEYE STOCKS IN HIGH-ELEVATION RESERVOIRS, WYOMING ▪ T.D. Marwitz and W A. Hubert

NEW VASCULAR PLANT RECORDS FOR THE BLACK HILLS OF SOUTH DAKOTA AND WYOMING • G.E. Larson and J.R. Johnson

NOTES

A New Population of Small White Lady's-Slipper (Cypripedium candidum) in South Dakota ▪ S.E. Boettcher

Sandhill …

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre Newsletter, Volume 3-2, Spring/Summer 1995

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre: Newsletters and Publications

Budget Cuts and the Wildlife Health Centre Avian Botulism Workshop Some Common Diseases of Fresh-Water Fish Mortality of common terns in Kouchibouguac National Park Salt poisoning in White-Winged Crossbills Prevalence of Raccoon Roundworm (Baylisascaris procyonis) in Québec Massive Amphibian and Fish mortality in Mauricie after a Sulphuric Acid spill Intentional Poisoning of Snow Buntings by Carbofuran Conjunctivitis in house finches Collisions of migrating birds with office towersRaccoons Pesticide poisonings in eagles Tularemia in muskrats and beaver Lead poisoning in eagles

The Probe, Issue # 155 -- June 1995

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Understanding the Eastern Coyote - Part II, by Thomas N. Tomsa, Jr., USDA-APHIS-ADC, Pennsylvania Book Review - "The Dirt Hole and Its Variations"
All Texas Counties Quarantined for Rabies
Ravenous Vultures Decimating Sheep & Calves on the East Coast
Four-Year-Old Dies of Rabies
The National Urban Wildlife Management Association (NUWMA) officially merged with NADCA, to create one larger, more effective organization to work for professional Animal Damage Control.
State-Endangered Species: Meaningful Management or Preservationist Politics?, by Richard B. Chipman, Wildlife Biologist, USDA-APHIS-ADC, Vermont
NADCA Membership Meeting
Trapping Weasels <
br>Jack H. Berryman 1995 Leopold Award Winner

Water Current, Volume 27, No. 3, June 1995

Water Current Newsletter

Researchers Seek to Clean Up Hazardous Legacy of Bomb Production
From the Director: Annual Water Resources Tour Promises On-Site Education
Deep Soil Probing
Nebraska Water News
UNL Faculty Receive USGS Grants
Niobrara Study Out
Bookmarks Produced
Publication on BMPs for Wheat Available
Task Force Issues Recommendations
Festivals Effective
More and More Producers Recycle Pesticide Containers
Water Tour to Explore Central Nebraska

Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Of Skin Absorption Using Dermal Subcompartments, Richard L. Bookout Jr.

Theses and Dissertations

Dermal penetration of chemicals and drugs is important to both toxicologists and pharmacologists. Drug developers try to enhance and environmental professionals try to limit penetration of chemicals through the skin. Both can use predictive biologically-based mathematical models to assist in understanding the processes involved. When these models are based on physiological and biochemical parameters which can be measured in the laboratory, they can be extremely useful. Appropriately validated models based on first principles can be predictive of human exposures when the processes involved are adequately understood. In this thesis we develop four new physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models to predict blood …

Biomedical Data Interpolation For 3-D Visualization, Ming-Chung Chen

Theses and Dissertations

Medical imaging devices that produce three-dimensional data usually produce the data in the form of image slices. In such images, the resolution in z direction is lower than in x and y directions. Before extracting and displaying objects in such images, an interpolated 3-D gray-scale volume image can be generated via image interpolation techniques to fill in the missing information. The subject of this thesis is the applying three different interpolation techniques to generate intermediate slices and comparing their qualities. The three interpolation techniques are linear interpolation, cubic spline interpolation, and Fourier interpolation. We also apply the CT image matching …

The Role Of The Unconscious In The Perception Of Risks, Andrew F. Fritzsche

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Dr. Fritzsche argues that our world is too "rational" and that the psychology of the unconscious, as developed by Jung, can be key to understanding responses to hazards and to resolving conflicts that arise in the political management of risks.

Periodontal Repair In Dogs : Evaluation Of Rhbmp-2 Carriers, Lauralee Nygaard

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study evaluated candidate carriers for recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in periodontal reconstructive surgery.

Canine demineralized bone matrix (DBM), bovine inorganic crystallene bone matrix (Bio-Oss), bovine derived microfibrillar collagen matrix (Helistat), poly (D,L-lactide-coglycolide) micropaiticles (PLGA), and polylactic acid granules (Drilac) were used with rhBMP-2 (20 (µg/100 µl implant volume) in routine critical size canine supraalveolar periodontal defects. Contralateral defects in six beagle dogs were randomly assigned to receive: DBM/rhBMP-2, DBM-control, Bio-Oss/rhBMP-2, Helistat/rhBMP-2, PLGA/rhBMP-2, or Drilac/rhBMP-2, all with autologous blood except for Helistat and PLGA. Animals were sacrificed eight weeks post-surgery and block sections of the defects were processed …

Management Of Hospital Wastes In The United Arab Emirates, Hanan Ahmed Ali Shuwaiter

Theses

The gradual expansion and development of new public and private medical complexes have resulted in the production of various types of wastes which include hazardous materials. Such wastes require appropriate handling and management schemes based on safer disposal methods. There are no reliable figures for quantifying the amount of medical waste generated or appropriate legislation and guidelines for handling, storage, transport and disposal of medical waste in the United Arab Emirates. No previous detailed studies have been conducted for the management of medical waste in the UAE. In general there is insufficient awareness of the health hazard associated with improper …