Digital Commons Network^™

Local Water Resource Information Management System, David G. Parker, Sandra C. Parker

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

A Beaver Lake water quality database has been designed as a relational database. It has been implemented using software called R:base 5000, a system available for microcomputers using MS- or PC- DOS operating systems. The data in the database include that concerned with the author(s), title, date of publication, agency doing the study, agency funding the study and complete reference for the document. Other aspects of the database are designed to allow retrievals based on any author, study dates, parameters measured and keywords.

The Behavior Of Soluble Salt In Sharkey Clay- Ii, J. T. Gilmour, R. E. Baser, H. D. Scott, J. A. Ferguson

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Soluble salts have been shown to accumulate in Arkansas soils in sufficient quantities to impair crop plant growth. The major objective of this study was to describe the behavior of soluble chloride salt over long time periods in Sharkey clay - a major Mississippi Delta soil. Prior to flooding rice, leaching of chloride in response to rainfall was observed. The inclusion of a sandy subsoil layer reduced this effect presumably by limiting downward movement of water under unsaturated conditions. No lateral movement of the chloride salt was found during the period prior to flooding. Removal of soluble chloride salts from …

Qualitative And Quantitative Aquatic Algal Data Compilation To Determine Macrotrends- Ii, Richard L. Meyer

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

A database of the algae of Arkansas has been established by the use of a relational database management system (dBase III). The system was chosen to be readily available for microcomputers using MS and PC-DOS. The database contains taxonomic fields from division through variety, synonomy, authors, starting date and definitive descriptive source. The data is cross-referenced by ecoregion, community and subcommunity. The database contains nearly 1,500 taxonomic records in all division and classes of freshwater algae. These data are sortable by any of the included parameters. The data have been used to initiate the publication of the algal flora of …

Evaluation Of Packed Towers For Removing Volatile Organics From Surface Waters, James W. Moore

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

This study analyzes the potential of packed tower aeration as a remedial treatment process for the removal of trace organics on either an acute or chronic basis. Both pilot-scale installations of the packed tower process were reviewed. Included are basic modeling considerations for the removal of volatile trace organics from raw water. Included also is an assessment of the state of the technology as applied to air stripping of water.

Fishermen's Personal Injuries: A New Look At The Fishing Industry's Insurance Crisis, Frederic M. Fairfield

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Increasing cost and shrinking availability of marine insurance have resulted in serious problems for broad sectors of the nation's commercial fishing fleet. Sharp reductions in the availability of Protection and Indemnity coverage have idled vessels nationwide regardless of individual safety records. The causes of the current problem are varied and numerous, with significant roles played by the fishing industry, the regulatory framework, the insurance industry, and the legal remedies involved. Ultimately, the solution will require both a reduction in the frequency of fishermen's injuries and modifications to the present compensation system, reducing insurance costs while security equitable compensation for the …

As Assessment Of The Fisheries Research Program Of The National Marine Fisheries Service, Gary Page Bulmer

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The nation's fishery management regime has three primary sets of players: the scientific advisors, the managers, and the fishermen. The advisors include federal agencies, state agencies, universities, regional and interstate bodies, and international bodies. The National Marie Fisheries Service (NMFS) has the lead role as scientific advisor. As used here "management" is defined broadly to include the instructions and funding that the researchers are given. "Fisheries research" is also defined broadly for the purposes of this paper. It means the collection of any biological, economic, or social information which is relevant to fisheries management.

New Genera And Species Of The Megaluropus Group (Amphipoda, Megaluropidae) From American Seas, James Darwin Thomas, J. L. Barnard

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

The species of the Megaluropus group, here placed in three genera, two of which are described as new, are reported from the Caribbean Sea and the eastern Pacific Ocean. The west African Megaluropus longimerusSchellenberg is redescribed and a lectotype chosen. It is placed in the new genus Gibberosus which otherwise has three American species, G. falciformis, G. myersi, and a new species, G. devaneyi. Megaluropus is now confined to the Old World. A second new genus from the New World, Resupinus, is described to include R. visendus and two new species, R. spinicaudatus and R. coloni …

Two Species Of Hornellia (Subgenus Metaceradocus) From The Florida Keys And Belize (Amphipoda, Melphidippoidea), James Darwin Thomas, J. L. Barnard

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Hornellia (Metaceradocus) atlanticus, a new species from Belize, related to M. occidentalis, an eastern Pacific species, is reported from the Caribbean Sea and a morphologically remote new species, M. tequestae, is described from the Florida Keys.

Patterns Of Diurnal Vertical Distribution And Dispersal-Recruitment Mechanisms Of Decapod Crustacean Larvae And Postlarvae In The Chesapeake Bay, Virginia And Adjacent Offshore Waters, Robert Copeland Maris

OES Theses and Dissertations

Larval dispersal and subsequent postlarval recruitment are extremely significant processes affecting the maintenance of ecologically and economically important populations of decapod crustaceans. Vertical positioning in the water column plays a major role in the particular strategies of retention or expulsion with immigration.

The present study was undertaken to investigate variations in vertical distribution according to temporal (diurnal), spatial (estuarine, transition, oceanic), ontogenetic (larval stages, postlarvae) and various environmental factors (especially light, temperature, salinity and tides). Also, effects of vertical positioning on dispersal-recruitment were examined.

Three stations were established for the present study: York River mouth (estuarine) (37°12'N, 76°16'W); Chesapeake Bay …

Storm Surge Predictions At Sewell's Point With Local Wind, Pressure, And Previous Surge As Surge Predictors In Chesapeake Bay, Joy Elaine Moses

OES Theses and Dissertations

The statistical model used to predict storm surge. which is defined as the difference between observed water level and predicted astronomical tide. at Sewell's Point. Virginia. for the last ten years relies on forecast surface air pressures interpolated over a large portion of the Atlantic Ocean. A variation on this method is developed which adds previous station surge and local wind and pressure terms with time leads up to 18 hours to the Pore prediction for surge. and develops surge prediction equations for three substations eight to 65 miles (13 to 105 km) from Sewell's Point. The Sewell's Point surge …

Disease Incidence Of Demersal Finfishes From The Southern And Western Branches Of The Elizabeth River, Virginia, Randal D. Owen

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Fishes from the industrialized environs of the Elizabeth River, Virginia were surveyed for external evidence of disease during June through October 1984. A highly significant (p < 0.001) incidence of disease was found in demersal fishes collected by otter trawl from a site in the industrially contaminated Southern Branch compared to a less contaminated Western Branch site. Cataracts, fin erosion and dermal lesions were the most commonly occurring anomalies in the Southern Branch finfish.

Static, solid-phase toxicity tests employing sediment collected from the Southern Branch site resulted in an immediate toxic stress in the spot, Leiostomus xanthurus, which resulted in 100% mortality within 24 hours, compared with no mortalities in control systems. Spot exposed to control, i.e., pollution free, and diluted Southern Branch sediments innoculated with the pathogenic bacterial species, Vibrio anguillarium, developed significant (p ≤ 0.020) cases of fin erosion at a mean total bacterial community density …

Bathymetric Artifacts In Sea Beam Data: How To Recognize Them And What Causes Them, Christian De Moustier, Martin C. Kleinrock

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Sea Beam multibeam bathymetric data have greatly advanced understanding of the deep seafloor. However, several types of bathymetric artifacts have been identified in Sea Beam's contoured output. Surveys with many overlapping swaths and digital recording on magnetic tape of Sea Beam's 16 acoustic returns made it possible to evaluate actual system performance. The artifacts are not due to the contouring algorithm used. Rather, they result from errors in echo detection and processing. These errors are due to internal factors such as side lobe interference, bottom-tracking gate malfunctions, or external interference from other sound sources (e.g., 3.5 kHz echo sounders or …

Assuring Sustained Groundwater Availability & Achieving Conjunctive Water Management By Target Approaches, Ann W. Peralta

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Beyond Bathymetry: Mapping Acoustic Backscattering From The Deep Seafloor With Sea Beam, Christian De Moustier

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

In its standard mode of operation, the multibeam echosounder Sea Beam produces high resolution bathymetric contour charts of the seafloor surveyed. However, additional information about the nature of the seafloor can be extracted from the structure of the echo signals received by the system. Such signals have been recorded digitally over a variety of seafloor environments for which independent observations from bottom photographs or sidescan sonars were available. An attempt is made to relate the statistical properties of the bottom‐backscattered sound field to the independently observed geologicalcharacteristics of the seafloor surveyed. Acoustic boundary mapping over flat areas is achieved by …

Phase Ii Report Hurricane Kate Report Capt. Crunch Report Wellwood Shipping Company, Richard E. Dodge, W. Goldberg, D. Landmeier, G. Mcintosh, B. Raymond, L. Rivas

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

No abstract provided.

The Ecology Of Skeleton Weed (Chondrilla Juncea) In Western Australia. Survival And Fecundity Of Wild Radish (Raphanus Raphanistrum) Populations In Lupin Crops. Reproduction And Seed Persistence In Arum Lily (Zantedeschia Aethiopica)., F. D. Panetta

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

After ripening and fates of field-stored skeleton weed seeds, 86BA11. Predation on seeds of skeleton weed, 86BA10. The effects of wetting/drying cycles upon the fates of skeleton weed seeds, 84PE42. Skeleton weed demographic studies, 84BA17. Radish control in lupins, 86N085. Seed production and seed persistence in Arum lily, 86PE56. Germination studies on fresh and stored seeds of Arum lily, 86PE57.

The Ecology Of Skeleton Weed In Western Australia, Afghan Thistle Ecology, Biology Of Gorteria Personata., J. Dodd

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

The ecology of skeleton weed in Western Australia, 84BA17. Afghan thistle ecology, 84N050. Regenerative ability of stem and root segments, 85PE51. Biology of Gorteria personata, 86M03, 86N08. Life cycle, 86M03, 86N08. Germination requirements, 86PE7.

Weed Seed Ecology., A. H. Cheam

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Population dynamics of Brome grass in relation to control systems, 86C1. Wild radish control in lupins, 86N085. Preplanting operations to stimulate Doublegee emergence, 85C89. Postplanting operations to stimulate Doublegee emergence, 85C90.

Capeweed Control In Cereals., J. R. Peirce, B. J. Rayner

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Capeweed control in cereals pre-sowing control, 86WH58. Capeweed control in cereals post-emergence control, 86WH59. Capeweed control in cereals post-emergence control with Reglone®, 86WH69. Capeweed control in cereals post-emergence control with various products, 86WH70. Capeweed control in cereals post-emergence control with mixtures, 86WH74. Lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula) control along roadsides, 86WH75. Chemical control of Four o'Clock (Oxalis purpurea) in cereals, 86N0110. Hoegrass, different rates with oils or wetting agent for wild oat control in cereals, 86N0118. Chemicals x depth of blade plowing to control couch, 86N010. Chemical x cultural control of couch (long-term), 85N092. Chemical control of couch prior to cereal establishment, …

Effectiveness Of Various Herbicides On Hoegrass Resistant Wild Oats. Effect Of Herbicides On Hoegrass Resistant Annual Ryegrass. Growth Of Cereals Planted In Simazine Treated Soil. Growth Of Wheat One Year After Simazine. Glean Use On Drier Alkaline Soils., T. Piper

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

86N0113, 86N0114, 86N0115, 86N0116, 86N0102, 86N0103, 86N0103, 86N0104, 86N0105, 85WH54, 85ME56, 85N27, 86WH51, 86N34, 85N30, 86WH52, 86N33, 86WH53, 86SG25,

Acid Deposition: Legal And Political Controversies, Noelle F. Lewis

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Acid rain is more accurately referred to as acid deposition since acidity is deposited in both the wet and dry form. Acid rain results from the conversion of sulfur and nitrogen gases to sulfates and nitrates, respectively. In the United States, sulfur compounds are responsible for about two-thirds of the acidity in precipitation; nitrogen compounds, one-third. In 1980, man-made sources in the United States emitted approximately 26 million tons of sulfur dioxide and 21 million tons nitrogen oxides. Within the United States, the major sources of sulfur dioxide emissions, approximately 90-95% of the total, are electric generating utilities, industrial boilers, …

Management Of Marine Fisheries Resources In Peninsular Malaysia, Abdul Jamal Mydin

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The inshore fisheries of Peninsular Malaysia are intensively exploited on the east coast and over-exploited on the west coast. Fishing effort and investment need to be reduced, particularly on the west coast. This is important in order to make harvest more economically efficient in terms of manpower and capital and to conserve the resources. Since 1981 Malaysia has adopted a Fisheries Licensing Policy addressed to (1) the elimination of the competition and ensuing conflict between the traditional fishermen and minitrawler fishermen in inshore waters; (2) the prevention of over-exploitation of the fishery resources in the inshore waters; and (3) the …

A Review Of The Management And Current Status Of Northern Fur Seals Of The Pribilof Islands, Holly Hansell

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The North pacific fur seals of Alaska's Pribilof Islands have been subjected to commercial harvest for nearly 200 years. The harvest has been regulated under international agreement almost continuously since 1911; first under the 1911 North Pacific Fur Seal Convention, and following that under the 1957 Interim Convention on Conservation of North Pacific Fur Seals. Both Conventions banned pelagic sealing and divided the restricted land harvest among the four member states, the United States, Canada, Japan, and the Soviet Union. Management under the 1911 convention resulted in a steady increase in the severely depleted fur seal herd, restoring the population …

Murky Waters: United States Port Capacity And Dredging Issues, Peter John Rochford

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The events of this decade has brought public attention on the adequacy of United States ports to serve the nation's needs. Many experts involved in maritime transportation have noted that the United States would be able to enjoy economies of scale associated with large vessels only if the United States developed substantially deeper ports capable of handling these large vessels. Although the apparent advantages and trends to larger vessels in the world fleet were evident, recent history has seen little in the way of a response to these perceived needs for deeper United States ports. This study addresses important issues …

The Development Of The Shrimp Mariculture Industry In Ecuador And Its Impact On The U.S. Market, Richard A. Norton

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The demand for tropical shrimp is increasing at a much higher rate than other fish and seafood commodities. With this increase in demand, there has been enormous interest to expand global shrimp production. Mariculture, the term used to describe the practice of farming animal and/or plant life from the sea, has created new opportunities and problems for the future of the global shrimp industry. Since shrimp is considered a high-value food commodity, the development has drawn interest from many United States and European investors. One country in particular, Ecuador, which will be the focus of this discussion, has exemplified many …

The Canadian And Soviet Claims To The Arctic Sea Routes: A Comparative Study, Raymond C. Bourgeois

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The Arctic Polar Region is becoming increasingly important in terms of strategic operations. especially on the part of the superpowers. Surrounding the Arctic Ocean are two passages through which international navigation is possible. The Northwest Passage lies within Canada's coastline. and the Northeast Passage. within the Soviet Union's northern shores. Both countries have advanced claims to the effect that the waters of these passages are under their respective exclusive jurisdiction; thus. they are claiming these as their internal waters. The US disagrees and maintains that the waters of those northern Arctic sea routes are international waters. This paper discusses the …

Analysis Of A Worst Case Oil Spill Eis, Galveston, Gail Elizabeth Meisner

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

On July 8, 1980, the Galveston district of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) issued the permits required for the construction of an onshore deepwater port. The proposed port expansion project has been the subject of extensive controversy and litigation. The primary conflict has centered on the exclusion of a worst case oil spill analysis, as required by recent Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) regulations. A rational-deductive approach to this decision leads to the conclusion that the economically and environmentally favored choice would have been to include the worst case analysis in the initial Environmental Impact Statement (EIS). Because …

Satellite Remote Sensing And Fisheries Applications, Holly M. Turton

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Satellite remote sensing has the capacity to aid the three major components of a fishery: research, management, and the fishing industry. An evaluation of the potential of satellite-derived data to the fishery is based upon six case studies which are presented as evidence of the capabilities of satellite-borne sensors. Peripheral applications pertaining to the marine environment and possible applications for the future are reviewed. Three basic categories of remote sensing programs related to the fishery are defined: one to test the applicability of the technology to the field of fisheries; another to employ the technology to fisheries research; and a …

Containerized Cargo Flow Analysis Between The United States And The Far East, Bi-Chou Wei

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Within less than a decade, containerization has revolutionized maritime general cargo transportation throughout major world trade routes, especially the trade routes between the Far East and the United States. Few commodity flow studies have focused on this latest innovation in maritime transport. To most of the rapidly developing state-owned Far East shipping industries, an understanding of container flow variation and port calling preference with U.S. seaports has become essential in order to maximize investments and to rationalize services. By applying 1974, 1977, and 1980 Far East/U.S. container flow data, this study intends to explore the non-physical and economic elements which …

Investment Opportunities In The Nigerian Fishing Industry, Ayotunde M. Giwa

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The major problem facing the Nigerian fishing industry is in its inability to satisfy the demand for tasty yet inexpensive animal protein. Nigeria's marine biological resources are limited and the Gulf of Guinea is among the poorest in the whole of West Africa. Nigeria's population is estimated to have reached about 100 million and is growing at 3.09 per cent per annum. Nigeria's fishing industry is multi-sectoral and composed of the riverine, lake, coastal, estuarine, and culture fisheries. Together they constituted about 1.5 per cent of the GDP in 1976. Up to the present moment, the National has relied on …