Digital Commons Network^™

Woodruff County Groundwater Vulnerability, H. D. Scott

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

There is much unknown about the extent of pesticide contamination of groundwater in Arkansas. In recent years, several research studies have been conducted where wells for irrigation and domestic uses have been sampled and analyzed for pesticides (Lavy, 1988; USGS,1993; Nichols, et al., 1993). For state and federal regulatory agencies, evaluation of the potential ground water contamination begins with considering those areas in Arkansas where pesticides are used and where the ground water is vulnerable to contamination. With a relatively large area of crops grown in Arkansas and only limited financial resources available for chemical analyses by state and federal …

Skeletal Structural Basis Of Density Banding In The Reef Coral Montastrea Annularis, Richard E. Dodge, Alina Szmant-Froelich, R. Garcia, Peter K. Swart, A. Forester, J. J. Leder

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches, Lectures

Density banding in coral skeletons can provide for reconstruction of the coral's growth en- vironment over long periods. The physical differ- ences between low and high density portions of a skeletal band are not well understood. The skeletal architecture of M. annularis from Southeast Flor- ida, the Florida Keys, St. Croix, the Bahamas, and Mexico was compared in X-ray revealed high den- sity (HD), low density (LD), and stress HD bands. Density changes arose from differences in the size, but not spacing, of exothecal structural elements (horizontal dissepiments and vertical costae). En- dothecal architecture size (e.g., columella, dissepi- ments, septa) …

Fall 1993, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

Spring 1993, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

Summer 1993, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

Snake River Sockeye Salmon Habitat And Limnological Research, David Teuscher, Doug Taki, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Historically, thousands of Snake River Sockeye salmon returned to the Sawtooth Valley to spawn. Evermann (1896) reported that the Sawtooth Valley Lakes were teeming with red fish. Bjornn (196~) estimated that 4,360 sockeye returned to Redfish Lake in 1955. These numbers no longer exist. In the 1980's, less than 50 Snake River sockeye salmon survived to spawn (Bowler 1990). Since 19-90, only 13 sockeye have returned. Because of recent declines, the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes (SBT) petitioned the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS-) to list Snake River sockeye as endangered. As a result, Snake River sockeye were listed and the Bonneville Power …

Microzooplankton Distributions In The Irish Sea, Carol A. Burkart

HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the distributions and abundances of microzooplankton across a front in the Irish Sea, and to test the hypothesis that the structure which develops within the microzooplankton community is the result of the interactions within the communities.

Eight sites were sampled on May 1-2, 1989 along a transect from Liverpool Bay, England to Dundalk Bay, Ireland. The transect crossed both the Liverpool Bay and western Irish Sea fronts; sites were positioned with respect to water type (e.g., coastal, thermally mixed, thermally stratified) . Five sites were sampled by double Longhurst-Hardy Plankton Recorder (LHPR) …

The Potential Effects Of Climate Change On Summer Season Dairy Cattle Milk Production And Reproduction, Peggy L. Klinedinst, Donald A. Wilhite, G. Leroy Hahn, Kenneth G. Hubbard

National Drought Mitigation Center: Faculty Publications

The potential direct effects of possible global warming on summer season dairy production and re-production were evaluated for the United States and Europe. Algorithms used for milk production and conception rate were previously developed and validated. Three widely known global circulation models (GISS, GFDL, and UKMO) were used to represent possible scenarios of future climate. Milk production and conception rate declines were highest under the UKMO model scenario and lowest under the GISS model scenario. Predicted declines for the GCM scenarios are generally higher than either “l year in 10” probability-based declines or declines based on the abnormally hot summer …

Ichthyofauna Of The Village Creek System, Anthony Holt, George L. Harp

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Village creek is a lowland stream lying in the Mississippi Embayment in Randolph, Lawrence and Jackson counties in northeastern Arkansas. The stream has been channelized in Randolph and Lawrence counties as have most of its tributaries. The Jackson County portion of the stream has not been channelized. Twelve sites were sampled seasonally by seining along Village Creek and its tributaries. In addition to seasonal work, six sites were sampled from one to three times each by several methods. A total of 8000 specimens was collected by all means used (7754 at seasonal sites and 246 at supplemental sites). Forty-two species …

Three Year Study On A Cypress-Tupelo Swamp In Independence County, Arkansas, Veryl V. Board, Andrea Reeves, Charlotte Allen

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Suppression Of The Oxidation Of S(Iv) In Rainwater, David M. Chittenden Ii

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Winter 1993, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

A Survey Of The Stony Coral Community Composition Of Pompano Ledge, Broward County, Florida, With A Preliminary Evaluation Of The Effectiveness Of Mooring Buoys In Reducing Coral Damage, John D. Hocevar

HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations

Stony corals of Pompano Ledge, First Reef, Broward County, Florida were sampled in situ using a new reef assessment method. The circular-radial method was used to assess the effectiveness of mooring buoys in reducing damage to reefs. Data will be part of a long-term monitoring study of·buoy impacts. The parameter of recent injury was used to provide preliminary information on buoy effectiveness.

Results were as follows: approximately 6% of the study area was covered by stony corals, with an average of 3 colonies per square meter. Diversity based on abundance (H'n) was 1 .7, and diversity based on relative coverage …

Global Snow Cover Monitoring: An Update, David A. Robinson, Kenneth F. Dewey, Richard R. Heim Jr.

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Accurate monitoring of the large-scale dimensions of global snow cover is essential for understanding details of climate dynamics and climate change. Presently, such information is gathered individually from ground station networks and satellite platforms. Efforts are in progress to consolidate and analyze long-term station records from a number of countries. To gain truly global coverage, however, satellite-based monitoring techniques must be employed. A 27-year record of Northern Hemisphere continental snow cover produced by the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is the longest such environmental record available. Records of Southern Hemisphere continental cover and snow on top of …

A Methodology For Developing High Performance Computing Models: Storm-Scale Weather Prediction, Nikos Chrisochoides, Kelvin Droegemeier, Geoffrey C. Fox, Kim Mills, Ming Xue

Northeast Parallel Architecture Center

A methodology for developing future generations of a storm-scale weather prediction model for Massively Parallel Processing is described. The forecast model is the Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS), a three-dimensional, fully compressible, non-hydrostatic predictive model. In the short term, the computational goals include developing a portable, scalable model for distributed memory SIMD and MIMD architectures, while preserving a high degree of modularity to support rapid design and validation, maintainability, educational goals and operational testing. Longer term computational goals include a parallel adaptive mesh refinement scheme. A FortranD/High Performance Fortran version of the ARPS provides portability in the current version of …

Phytoplankton Relationships To Water Quality In Lake Drummond And Two Drainage Ditches, Christine G. Phillips, Harold G. Marshall

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

A twelve-month phytoplankton study was conducted in Lake Drummond and Washington and Jericho Ditches from December 1988 to November 1989. Four dominant phytoplankton groups were identified at these sites. These were the Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Cryptophyceae and an autotrophic picoplankton component. Over the past 20 years there has been a decrease in the mean pH levels of Lake Drummond and the replacement of one its former major components, the Chlorophyceae, by the Cyanophyceae. Based on water quality analysis results and species diversity indices, Lake Drummond is classified as in an early eutrophic stage of development.

A Comparison Of Gulf Stream Sea Surface Height Fields Derived From Geosat Altimeter Data And Those Derived From Sea Surface Temperature Data, Tal Ezer, George L. Mellor, Dong-Shan Ko, Ziv Sirkes

CCPO Publications

Two types of satellite data, Geosat altimeter data and sea surface temperature data (SST), are compared and evaluated for their usefulness in assimilation into a numerical model of the Gulf Stream region. Synoptic sea surface height (SSH) fields are derived from the SST data in the following way: first three-dimensional temperature and salinity analysis fields are obtained through the Optimum Thermal Interpolation System (OTIS), and then SSH fields are calculated using a primitive equation, free-surface, numerical model running in a diagnostic mode. The aforementioned SSH fields are compared with SSH fields obtained from the Geosat altimeter data. Use of Geosat …

Larval Chironomids Of The St. Francis Sunken Lands In Northeast Arkansas, Betty G. Cochran, Edmond J. Bacon Jr., George L. Harp

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Sixty semi-annual collections (August 1987-July 1988) were made from 30 stations by sampling each station twice for 1.5 man-hours with an aquatic dipnet. Larval chironomids were mounted on slides and identified at 400-1000 magnifications using a Leitz Dialux 20 EB microscope. A survey of the aquatic macroinvertebrates of the St. Francis Sunken Lands in northeast Arkansas revealed 36 taxa of Order Diptera, Family Chironomidae. The taxa were used to evaluate the general health of the aquatic environment. Stations that were located within the least disturbed areas, which were old river channels and oxbows, contained the highest number of organisms and …

Environmental Analysis Of The Caddo River And Its Tributaries: Comparison Of Water Quality During 1992 With 1974-75, Kelly L. House, Jimmy D. Bragg, Clark Kuyper, T. Kent Thomas, C. Renn Tumlison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Environmental data related to water quality of the Caddo River and its tributaries were collected from March - October, 1992, and compared with data from August, 1974 - May, 1975. Bacterial, chemical and physical parameters were investigated at six river locations and thirteen tributary sites. Ammonia, nitrates, soluble phosphorus, turbidity and fecal coliform were significantly lower, and sodium and potassium were significantly higher in 1992 than during the previous study. Bacterial loading exceeded EPA criteria at some locations during both studies.

Rapid Reduction Of Nitrate Ion In Rain Water, David M. Chittenden Ii

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Bulletin 4274 - Tree Planting On The High Rainfall Coastal Plain, Don Bennett, Richard George

Bulletins 4000 -

Careful planning can mean the difference between the success or failure of a tree planting program . Healthy , well-e stablished trees stand a better chance of survival, grow faster and are more resistant to insect attack. The need for time-consuming watering in summer is also eliminated.

The high rainfall coastal plain extends from Perth to Busselton and inland to the Darling Scarp. It receives about 800 to 1000 mm annual rainfall.

Site preparation is ideally started in summer. For a winter planting, decide before March where to plant, which varieties and how many trees to plant. Early planning allows …

Instability Waves In The Gulf Stream Front And Its Thermocline Layer, Sang-Ki Lee

OES Theses and Dissertations

Linear instability calculations were carried out on a three layer Gulf Stream front model in an attempt to elucidate the interaction of the thermocline layer with surface slopewater shoreward of the front. The basic state is geostrophic balance and constant potential vorticity in the two active layers, but the perturbations are ageostrophic. The flow is found to be unstable to long wave perturbations, the wavelength of the most unstable wave to be of order 10 radii of deformation. The instability is mainly baroclinic, 75-85% of the energy supply to the growing perturbation coming from basic flow potential energy. Calculated wavelengths …

Description And Dynamics Of 50-Day Oscillations In The Western Tropical Region Of The Cme Model, Julie Lorraine Mcclean

OES Theses and Dissertations

The WOCE Community Modelling Effort (CME) general circulation model of the north Atlantic was used to investigate the behavior, nature and dynamics of 50-day oscillations seen in the meridional component of velocity between 35° and 55°W and between 5° and 11°N. Validation studies showed that the model reproduced the surface circulation in this area with a reasonable degree of accuracy, in particular, the characteristic seasonal variability. From June to December, the North Brazil Current (NBC) retroflects to form the western arm of the North Equatorial Countercurrent (NECC). Associated with the NECC is a standing meander pattern which extends from the …

Seasonal Relationships Between Phytoplankton Composition, Abundance, And Primary Productivity In Three Tidal Rivers Of The Lower Chesapeake Bay, Harold G. Marshall, Kneeland K. Nesius

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The seasonal abundance and successional patterns of phytoplankton, including autotrophic picoplankton, are compared to spring, summer, and fall primary production maxima that occurred in three tidal rivers. The tidal freshwaters were dominated by diatoms, chlorophytes, and cyanobacteria during a late spring through early fall period of maximum growth. In contrast, downstream assemblages were dominated by estuarine diatoms, dinoflagellates, and cryptomonads which developed spring pulses and a protracted summer-fall maximum. Autotrophic picoplankton produced a major summer pulse at all river stations with reduced abundance during other seasons. The mean annual productivity rates for the tidal James, Rappahannock, and York rivers were …

Microzooplankton In The Lower Chesapeake Bay, And The Tidal Elizabeth, James, And York Rivers, Gyung-Soo Park, Harold G. Marshall

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Results of a one year study in the lower Chesapeake Bay and three tidal rivers indicate an abundant microzooplankton population, with a mean concentration of 4,231.1/Liter. The most abundant components are the non-loricate ciliates (2,518.2L, 59.5% of the annual total) and tintinnids (1,400.1/L 33.1%). In lesser abundance were the rotifers (191.4/L) and nauplii larvae (121.7/L). Seasonal abundance maxima were highest in summer, followed by fall, spring and winter.

The Kuril Islands Dispute: An Obstacle In Russo-Japanese Relations, Roderick J. Fraser Jr.

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The controversy between Japan and Russia over the ownership of the Kuril Islands is a significant barrier to improved diplomatic relations in the Far Eastern region. Because of this dispute, Japan and Russia have not yet signed a peace treaty to formally end the second world war and neither side seems willing to make any significant concessions to reach a compromise. The issue of ownership of these islands has been a continuing focal point of Russo-Japanese relations since the two nations first made contact in the late eighteenth century. The various aspects of this dispute are complex and have continued …

Implications Of Soviet And Russian Nuclear Waste Dumping In The Arctic Marine Environment, Jeffrey L. Canfield

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This study examines fragmentary information on ocean dumping of radioactive wastes conducted by the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation from 1959 to the present, then assays the impact of this activity in terms of the legal historical, oceanographic and political contexts. Lacking accurate and thorough data on many aspects of the activity, it has been necessary to infer and extrapolate from what is know about the impact of radioactive materials on analogous ocean sites and regimes where radionuclides have been introduced and monitored by other states. Preliminary assessments are provided for the impact on human uses of resources in …

The Role Played By Semisubmersible Exploratory Drilling Platforms As A Vector In Marine Biological Introductions, Sean S. Bercaw

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Through discussion of Semisubmersible Exploratory Drilling Platforms and their role as vectors in marine biological introductions, this paper establishes a base of knowledge for future referral. Included in this project are details of semisubmersibles, their unique characteristics and operations, historical movements, past introductions, future operations, and continuing potential for invasions. The significance of semisubmersibles as biological vectors is further addressed. Three criteria will be used to assess the significance of the role of semisubmersibles in the introduction of alien species: first, what is the rate of SEDP movements over time; second, how are SEDP movements unique, and what role does …

Five Marine Resource Management Programs: Innovations And Common Themes, Louisa Rand Moore

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This paper investigates essential elements of marine resource management programs, particularly how they are initiated and what is needed for their success. The focus of this paper is on management planning for sites where marine resources are still largely intact as opposed to those which are severely disturbed. Planning is aimed at determining carrying capacity of the marine systems and limiting disturbances accordingly. Question for this inquiry were developed from research of a bay in eastern Maine where marine resources have not been severely disturbed, but are vulnerable to over-exploitation due to lack of coordinated management. Using these questions, five …

Nonpoint Source Pollution From Agricultural Runoff: An Analysis Of Problems, Solutions, And The Remedial Action Plan Process For The St. Louis River Basin, Thomas V. Giddings

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Agricultural nonpoint source pollution is the pollution coming from agricultural production, which has no clear origin. It comes from a diffuse source, such as a farm field or an animal holding area. While programs and studies probe every facet of point sources and extol the efforts of point source clean-up, the relatively more difficult task of identifying nonpoint sources and the process of proposing to do something about them has been largely ignored. Reducing the adverse impacts on the environment from farm related activities requires knowledge of the various pollutants and how pollutant pathways can be interrupted. Nutrients, and pesticides …