Digital Commons Network^™

Electromyographic Responses From The Vastus Medialis During Isometric Muscle Actions, C. M. Smith, Terry J. Housh, Trent J. Herda, Jorge M Zuniga, Clayton L. Camic, Haley Bergstrom, D.B. Smith, John R. Weir, Joel T. Cramer, E.C. Hill, Kristen C. Cochrane, N. D. M. Jenkins, R. Schmidt, G. Johnson

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

This study examined the electromyographic (EMG) responses from the vastus medialis (VM) for electrodes placed over and away from the innervation zone (IZ) during a maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and sustained, submaximal isometric muscle action. A linear electrode array was placed on the VM to identify the IZ and muscle fiber pennation angle during an MVIC and sustained isometric muscle action at 50 % MVIC. EMG amplitude and frequency parameters were determined from 7 bipolar channels of the electrode array, including over the IZ, as well as 10 mm, 20 mm and 30 mm proximal and distal to the …

Nutrition And The Effects On Student Behavior And Academic Performance In The Classroom, Kaitlin Daniel

University Honors Program

Nutrition, behavior, and academic performance; these three words have a few commonalities. They each can be related to children. They each can be related to school and they each can be related to issues in education. The following research has found intriguing statistics that are useful when investigating or planning a classroom climate. It has always been said that breakfast is the most important meal of the day. It jumpstarts the metabolism and awakens he body. Along with this it helps curb the appetite before lunch. An early addition to school nutrition was the availability of breakfast before school. This …

Coconut Paradise, Winston J. Craig

Lake Union Herald

No abstract provided.

In Search Of Flavour-Nutrient Learning: A Study Of The Samburu Pastoralists Of North-Central Kenya, Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, Peter J. Rogers, Kevin P. Myers, Jon D. Holtzman

Faculty Journal Articles

Much of our dietary behaviour is learned. In particular, one suggestion is that ‘flavour-nutrient learning’ (F-NL) influences both choice and intake of food. F-NL occurs when an association forms between the orosensory properties of a food and its postingestive effects. Unfortunately, this process has been difficult to evaluate because F-NL is rarely observed in controlled studies of adult humans. One possibility is that we are disposed to F-NL. However, learning is compromised by exposure to a complex Western diet that includes a wide range of energy-dense foods. To test this idea we explored evidence for F-NL in a sample of …

Selection And Use Of Pantoea Dispersa Strain Jfs As A Non-Pathogenic Surrogate For Salmonella Typhimurium Phage Type 42 In Flour, James R. Fudge

Theses and Dissertations

Salmonella, a common food pathogen, costs more than any other pathogen in the United States in terms of health care costs and loss of work due to the illnesses it causes. Low-moisture foods, especially flour, are susceptible to being contaminated by Salmonella. Food producers want flour to be pathogen-free but to also retain the same functionality of non-treated flour. Heat treatment is the most common method employed for lowering the concentration of pathogens in food. However, heating can result in the loss of the flour’s functionality. Pantoea dispersa strain JFS has been isolated from flour as a nonpathogenic bacterial surrogate …

Examining The Association Between Children's Fruit And Vegetable Intake At And Away From School, Velarie Yaa Ankrah Ansu

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Several school-based interventions aimed at increasing fruit and vegetables (FV) intake among children have demonstrated success in short-term interventions. The Fit Game is a school-based intervention aimed at encouraging children to consume increasing amounts of FV during a game, which is a narrative. Just as children are being encouraged to eat FV at school, so is it equally important for them to eat FV at home. Parents strongly influence the amount of FV children consume at home. The aim of this thesis is to examine associations between factors that influence consumption of fruits and vegetables at and away from school …

The Impact Of The Updated National School Lunch Program Meal Standards On Fruit And Vegetable Consumption Among Elementary School Students In Cache County Utah, Jillian C. Fox

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Due to the short time the updated National School Lunch Program standards have been in place since fall of 2012, few research studies have explored what effect these new standards have had on fruit and vegetable (F/V) consumption, particularly among elementary school students. Because the new standards require schools to offer students more F/V than before, researchers are interested to know if F/V consumption has indeed increased.

The participants in the study were enrolled in a program to motivate students to eat more F/V – the Food Dudes program. The results of the data analysis found that most students, regardless …

Influence Of Native And Processed Cereal Grain Fibers On Gut Health, Junyi Yang

Department of Food Science and Technology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Cereal fibers that can be metabolized by gut microbiota have been shown to promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut. Increased consumption of cereal fibers may improve host / gut microbiota interactions in obesity and other metabolic diseases by normalizing gut dysbiosis. The present dissertation describes four research projects to assess the impact of cereal dietary fibers on gut microbiota and host metabolism. In the first study, we determined the treatment temperatures for production of soluble, non-digestible, feruloylated oligo- and polysaccharides (FOPS) from maize bran and wheat bran, and determined the fermentation properties of partially purified FOPS from …

Sources Of Calcium, Vitamin D, Fiber, And Potassium In American Fast Food, Meghan Pearson

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Calcium, vitamin D, fiber, and potassium are widely underconsumed in the U.S. This study analyzes nutrition information from quick service restaurants to determine the fast-food industry⁰́₉s contribution of these nutrients to the American diet. The menu offerings of top-grossing quick-service restaurants in each of seven categories, McDonald's℗ʼ (burger), Subway℗ʼ (sandwich), Taco Bell℗ʼ (Mexican), Pizza Hut℗ʼ (pizza), Chick-fil-A℗ʼ (chicken), Panda Express℗ʼ (Asian), and Long John Silver's℗ʼ (seafood), were analyzed for calcium, vitamin D, fiber, potassium, and calories. The highest mean values of key nutrients were found at Pizza Hut (256.4 mg calcium), McDonald⁰́₉s (0.509 mcg vitamin D), Taco Bell (4.4 g …

Rationale, Design And Respondent Characteristics Of The 2013–2014 New York City Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (Nyc Hanes 2013–2014), Lorna E. Thorpe, Carolyn Greene, Amy Freeman, Elisabeth Snell, Jesica S. Rodriguez-Lopez, Martin Frankel, Amado Punsalang Jr., Claudia Chernov, Elizabeth Lurie, Mark Friedman, Ram Koppaka, Sharon E. Perlman

Publications and Research

Purpose. Capacity to monitor non-communicable diseases (NCDs) at state or local levels is limited. Emerging approaches include using biomeasures and electronic health record (EHR) data. In 2004, New York City (NYC) performed a population-based health study on adult residents using biomeasures (NYC Health and Nutrition Examination Study, or NYC HANES), modeled after NHANES. A second NYC HANES was launched in 2013 to examine change over time, evaluate municipal policies, and validate a proposed EHR-based surveillance system. We describe the rationale and methods of NYC HANES 2013–2014.

Methods. NYC HANES was a population-based, cross-sectional survey of NYC adults using three-stage cluster …

Novel Biomarkers For Calcium And Phosphorus Metabolism In Breeder Hens And Broilers, Andrew Dick Magnuson

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Broiler breeder hens are subject to the dual expectation to not only maintain a high production of eggs for an extended time period, but to produce eggs which can support the life of chicks which will be used for either meat production or as parent stock. Egg fertility and hatchability are heavily influenced by the thickness of the egg shell, the mineral calcium carbonate shell of the egg necessary for protecting the embryo growing inside. Many factors affect egg shell quality including age of the hen, diet, environmental conditions, genetic strain, stress, disease, and nutrition. Laying hens will mobilize calcium …

Water Consumption Behavior In Broilers, David Harold Mccreery

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

A series of trials were conducted to analyze broiler water consumption behaviors under commercial conditions. The first trial was to quantify the number of broilers drinking at times of peak water demand. Birds were evaluated at time intervals of 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes from the start of the light period to establish the percentage birds having consumed water by that point in time. Significant differences were found by bird age in the 5, 10, and 15 minute intervals, however there were no significant differences in the percentage of birds having consumed water in the 30, 45, …

The Longitudinal Effects Of Beta-Alanine On Punch Power, Punch Frequency, And Fatigue In Female Amateur Fighters, Rodger Wayne Stewart

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Beta-alanine is a non-essential amino acid typically obtained in the diet via high-protein foods (beef, chicken, pork, and fish) and produced in the confines of the liver. BA is a precursor to the cytoplasmic dipeptide carnosine (beta-alanylhistidine). Carnosine is found in high concentrations in human skeletal muscle where it plays a key role in intracellular pH buffering. Research indicates BA supplementation increased punch power, punch frequency, and lactate concentrations in male amateur fighters after 28-day supplementation. There are currently no studies evaluating the effects of BA on boxing performance variables in women. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to …

Effects Of Soybean Pectin On Blood Glucose And Insulin Responses In Healthy Men, Melissa Ann Jones

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The goal of this study was to examine the effects of soy pectin on postprandial plasma glucose and insulin responses in healthy adult males␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣␣ intestinal microbiota to determine if differences in weight or body mass index would be linked to differences in microbiota populations. Pectin is a soluble fiber with demonstrated health benefits such as the ability to lower blood glucose and cholesterol, increase satiety leading to lower caloric intake, improve insulin resistance and lower inflammation. These benefits suggest that pectin may help in prevention and treatment of type II diabetes. Soy pectin is extracted from hulls, a waste product …

Predictors Of Preschool Children's Body Mass Index: Breastfeeding Duration, Child Eating Behaviors, And Parental Feeding Practices, Amy J. Encinger

College of Education and Human Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The current study examined how breastfeeding duration, child eating behaviors (Satiety and Food Responsiveness), and parental feeding practices (Environment and Parental Control over Food) are related to body mass index (BMI) among preschool-aged children. Participants were 224 primary caregivers (M age = 30.36; 90% mothers) of preschool-aged children (M age = 4.22 years, 55% male) from three Midwestern preschools serving low-income children. Mediated multiple regression analyses examined the effects of the various child eating behaviors and parental feeding practices as mediators of the relation between breastfeeding duration and child BMI. Three main findings emerged. There was a significant …

Discovery Neighborhood Myplate Macy: A Pilot Study, Amanda M. Robine

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Background: Obesity prevalence in United States children ages 2-19 years has been consistently high since 2003.1 These children are at a greater risk for many chronic disease. Educating children on how to make healthful food choices, and using fun characters in a classroom setting may be one step to reducing the obesity rate.

Objective: Increase knowledge about MyPlate and heathy eating in children in kindergarten through fifth grade.

Design: After the development of a nutrition lesson, an expert panel reviewed and suggested changes. Once changes were made the lesson was delivered to second and third graders at a summer camp. …

The Relationship Between Interviewer-Respondent Race Match And Reporting Of Energy Intake Using Food Frequency Questionnaires In The Rural South United States, Jennifer Lemacks, Holly F. Huye, Renee Rupp, Carol Connell

Faculty Publications

Objective

The purpose of the observational study was to determine whether interviewer race influences food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) reporting accuracy in a Deep South, largely African American cohort.

Methods

A secondary analysis was conducted to investigate the influence of interviewer race on energy reporting of 319 African Americans who participated in the Mississippi Communities for Healthy Living intervention in May–June 2011, a community-based and USDA-funded project. Reported energy intake was compared to total energy expenditure to identify normal (ENR), under-(EUR) and over-reporters (EOR). Multivariate logistic regression models determined the relationship between race match and energy misreporting, accounting for confounding variables …

The Paleo Plan, Winston J. Craig

Lake Union Herald

No abstract provided.

Environmental And Food Allergens Reactivity And Its Association With Total Ige, Age And Gender In Karachi, Pakistan, Noreen Abbas, Ahmed Raheem, Farooq Ghani

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the frequency of food and environmental allergens reactivity and its association in with age, gender and total IgE levels
Material and Methods: The study population consisted of 88 individuals including children and adults (male: 47 and female: 41). The study was conducted in the clinical laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital from May 2009 till May 2010. Sera of patients positive for total IgE were tested for allergen specific IgE levels by Immulite 2000, 3gAllergyTM. We divided allergens into two panels, namely food and environmental.
Results: …

Pola Konsumsi Dengan Terjadinya Sindrom Metabolik, Suhaema Suhaema, Herta Masthalina

Kesmas

Terjadinya sindrom metabolik diduga berhubungan dengan pergeseran gaya hidup masyarakat yang berubah menuju masyarakat modern, dari mengonsumsi makanan tradisional beralih ke makanan instan dan kebaratbaratan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi sindrom metabolik dan determinannya dari pola konsumsi, meliputi konsumsi sayur dan buah serta pola makan makanan manis, asin, berlemak, lauk hewani berpengawet, dan penggunaan penyedap. Penelitian ini merupakan bagian dari analisis lanjut data Riset Kesehatan Dasar tahun 2013 dengan desain potong lintang. Jumlah sampel setelah pembobotan adalah 1.878.578 orang dengan kriteria berusia 18 tahun ke atas. Pengumpulan data pola konsumsi, antropometri, klinis, dan biomedis telah dilakukan. Analisis data menggunakan …

Peran Kepemimpinan, Modal Sosial, Akses Informasi Serta Petugas Dan Fasilitator Kesehatan Dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Bidang Kesehatan, Endang Sutisna Sulaeman, Bhisma Murti, Waryana Waryana

Kesmas

Faktor internal komunitas yang berperan dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat bidang kesehatan adalah kepemimpinan dan modal sosial, sedangkan faktor eksternal komunitas yang berperan adalah akses informasi kesehatan, petugas dan fasilitator kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui dan menganalisis peran kepemimpinan, modal sosial, akses informasi kesehatan, petugas, dan fasilitator kesehatan dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat bidang kesehatan. Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang dengan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif melalui metode studi kasus terpancang. Penelitian dilakukan selama tiga bulan di Kabupaten Tulungagung, Jawa Timur dengan mengambil dua desa, yaitu Desa Bulus di Kecamatan Bandung dan Desa Tanggul Kundung di Kecamatan Besuki tahun 2013. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran kepemimpinan …

Efektivitas Ovitrap Bambu Terhadap Jumlah Jentik Aedes Sp Yang Terperangkap, Wiwit Aditama, Zulfikar Zulfikar

Kesmas

Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Banda Aceh. Banda Aceh merupakan daerah endemik DBD dengan meningkatnya angka kejadian dan case fatality rate setiap tahun. Insiden tertinggi DBD berada di Kecamatan Baiturrahman dengan angka kejadian 120 per 100.000 penduduk dan tertinggi kedua adalah Kecamatan Jaya Baru dengan angka kejadian 84 per 100.000 penduduk. Keberadaan larva Aedes sp di masyarakat merupakan salah satu indikator populasi nyamuk Aedes aegypti di daerah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah jentik nyamuk Aedes sp yang terperangkap pada masing-masing wadah ovitrap (tempurung kelapa, gelas plastik, dan potongan bambu) serta tingkat kepadatan jentik …

Prehipertensi Pada Obesitas Abdominal, Lia Churniawati, Santi Martini, Catharina Umbul Wahyuni

Kesmas

Prehipertensi banyak terjadi pada penderita obesitas abdominal. Prevalensi obesitas abdominal di Kabupaten Gresik sebesar 21,5%. Kepatuhan diet penderita prehipertensi dengan obesitas abdominal diperlukan untuk mengurangi risiko terjadinya hipertensi. Prehipertensi dan hipertensi berhubungan dengan pelbagai komplikasi pada hampir seluruh organ. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis determinan prehipertensi pada obesitas abdominal di Kabupaten Gresik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Gresik pada November 2013 - November 2014 dengan rancangan penelitian potong lintang. Responden adalah pasien yang datang ke unit rawat jalan puskesmas yang diambil secara konsekutif sejumlah 74 orang. Responden berusia antara 25 - 64 tahun, mengalami obesitas abdominal, tidak hamil, tidak hipertensi, …

Cemaran Mikroba Escherichia Coli Dan Total Bakteri Koliform Pada Air Minum Isi Ulang, Rolan Sudirman Pakpahan, Intje Picauly, I Nyoman W. Mahayasa

Kesmas

Jumlah layanan air minum melalui depot air minum di Kota Kupang meningkat dengan rata-rata 1,44 setiap tahun sejak 2010, sementara tidakterdapat jaminan kualitas air minum isi ulang memenuhi syarat setiap saat. Hasil pemeriksaan sampel air minum isi ulang di Kota Kupang tahun 2013 menunjukkan 37,5% tercemar mikroba. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis cemaran mikroba dan mengetahui determinan cemaran Escherichia coli (E. coli) dan total koliform pada air minum isi ulang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi potong lintang periode Januari Maret 2015. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 51 depot air minum yang ditentukan menggunakan teknik total sampling. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, analisis …

Akses Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional Pada Pekerja Seks Perempuan, Ni Made Sri Nopiyani, Putu Ayu Indrayathi, Rina Listyowati, I Ketut Suarjana, Pande Putu Januraga

Kesmas

Pekerja seks perempuan (PSP) merupakan kelompok yang termarginalkan secara sosial dan memiliki kerentanan yang tinggi terhadap masalah kesehatan. Upaya perluasan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) pada PSP masih terbatas sehingga penting dilakukan untuk mendukung pencapaian universal health coverage. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran mengenai akses JKN pada PSP di Denpasar. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap 15 orang PSP dan empat orang mucikari di Denpasar pada Agustus hingga Oktober 2014. Hasil wawancara diolah dengan analisis tematik. Kerangka analisis yang digunakan adalah The Health Access Livelihood Framework. Kepemilikan JKN pada PSP di Denpasar masih rendah, meskipun …

Pengaruh Teknik Marmet Terhadap Kelancaran Air Susu Ibu Dan Kenaikan Berat Badan Bayi, Anita Widiastuti, Siti Arifah, Wiwin Renny Rachmawati

Kesmas

Bayi lahir cukup bulan memiliki naluri menyusu 20 - 30 menit setelah dilahirkan. Namun, fakta menunjukkan produksi dan ejeksi air susu ibu (ASI) yang sedikit di hari-hari pertama menyebabkan banyak ibu yang mengalami ketidakefektifan proses menyusui. Tidak terproduksinya ASI diakibatkan karena kurangnya rangsangan hormon prolaktin. Teknik marmet merupakan perpaduan memerah dan memijat payudara pada ibu nifas yang dapat merangsang hormon pada proses menyusui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh teknik marmet dengan masase payudara pada ibu nifas tiga hari postpartum terhadap kelancaran ASI dan kenaikan berat badan bayi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain pre-experimental bentuk perbandingan kelompok statistik yang dilakukan …

Asma Pada Anak Indonesia: Penyebab Dan Pencetus, Ika Dharmayanti, Dwi Hapsari, Khadijah Azhar

Kesmas

Asma merupakan penyakit kronis yang dapat mengganggu kualitas hidup. Hingga saat ini, jumlah penderita asma semakin meningkat termasuk di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian asma dan pencetus asma pada anak usia 6 - 14 tahun di Indonesia. Metode penelitian adalah desain potong lintang dengan menggunakan data Riset Kesehatan Dasar tahun 2013 di 33 provinsi di Indonesia. Variabel bebas adalah karakteristik responden, faktor lingkungan, dan perilaku merokok anak dan orangtua. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin laki-laki, kondisi sosial ekonomi rendah, riwayat asma pada orangtua, anak yang merokok atau pernah merokok, dan orangtua yang merokok …

Profil Rujukan Kasus Nonspesifik Pada Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat Primer, Elda Nazriati, Nuzelly Husnedi

Kesmas

Salah satu indikator kualitas fasilitas kesehatan tingkat primer (FKTP) adalah rendahnya rujukan nonspesialistik. Rujukan nonspesialistik adalah rujukan dari 144 penyakit yang seharusnya dapat diatur di FKTP. Kenyataannya, masih banyak kasus nonspesialistik yang dirujuk ke fasilitas kesehatan sekunder. Penelitian deskriptif dengan metode campuran kuantitatif dan kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola dan penyebab kasus penyakit nonspesialistik yang dirujuk ke fasilitas kesehatan tingkat sekunder di Kota Pekanbaru. Gambaran kasus penyakit nonspesialistik dikumpulkan dari data Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan Kota Pekanbaru periode Desember 2014 - April 2015, sedangkan faktor penyebab rujukan diperoleh dari focus group discussion yang diikuti oleh 40 dokter berdasarkan …

Stigma Masyarakat Terhadap Orang Dengan Hiv/Aids, Zahroh Shaluhiyah, Syamsulhuda Budi Musthofa, Bagoes Widjanarko

Kesmas

Kabupaten Grobogan merupakan kabupaten dengan peningkatan kasus HIV/AIDS cukup tajam dibandingkan kabupaten lain di Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi stigma masyarakat terhadap orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) dan faktor yang memengaruhinya. Penelitian explanatory ini dilakukan melalui pendekatan studi potong lintang dengan sampel berjumlah 300 kepala keluarga yang dipilih menggunakan sampel acak proporsional pada tiga kelurahan dengan kasus HIV tertinggi selama Agustus - September 2014. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara tatap muka menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Sedangkan analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat menggunakan kai kuadrat, dan multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik. Sebagian besar responden adalah laki-laki dengan tingkat pendidikan terbanyak sekolah …

Perilaku Seksual Berisiko Pengguna Narkotika, Rico Januar Sitorus, Merry Natalia

Kesmas

Penyalahgunaan narkotika yang melakukan hubungan seksual sebelum menikah, dan berganti-ganti mitra seksual merupakan perilaku berisiko. Masalah yang diakibatkan penyalahgunaan narkotika sangat kompleks, seperti masalah sosial dan kesehatan. Kecenderungan pengguna narkotika melakukan perilaku seksual dini dan tidak aman semakin memperparah kondisi kualitas hidup pecandu dan tentunya berdampak besar pada kelangsungan hidup di masa depan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui determinan perilaku seksual berisiko di kalangan pengguna narkotika. Metode penelitian adalah potong lintang menggunakan data sekunder kajian rekam medis di instalasi Medical Psikiatric Evaluation di rumah sakit ketergantungan obat (RSKO) Jakarta tahun 2013. Populasi penelitian adalah pasien ketergantungan narkotika yang dirawat inap …