Digital Commons Network^™

Effect Of Adjunct Cultures, Sodium Gluconate, And Ripening Temperature On Low-Fat Cheddar Cheese Flavor, Rebekah M. Lance

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Low-fat Cheddar cheese flavor is different from full-fat Cheddar cheese and is not acceptable to many consumers. This 2-part experiment was designed to examine effects adjunct cultures have on low-fat Cheddar cheese flavor as determined through descriptive analysis and consumer feedback.

In Part 1, low-fat (5%) Cheddar cheese was produced in duplicate, using 6 combinations of DVS850, LH32, CR540, CRL431, Emfour, and CR319 bacterial cultures. Due to a previously observed positive effect by sodium gluconate on low-fat cheese flavor, each replicate was split into treatments of 0.0% and 0.8% sodium gluconate. Each of these treatments was then split into ripening …

Evaluation Of Levulinic Acid For Topical Decontamination Of Meat Surfaces, Jeffrey V. Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Experiments were performed to investigate the effects of wash treatments, consisting of hot water, 2% lactic, 2% acetic, or 2% levulinic acid, for decontamination of pathogenic bacteria previously inoculated onto meat surfaces, to inhibit growth of pathogenic bacteria inoculated onto previously washed meat surfaces, and on the organoleptic quality of sliced turkey roll and beef trim. Acid washes were no more effective at reducing Escherichia coli O157:H7 on beef plate, Listeria monocytogenes on sliced turkey roll, and Salmonella on pork belly than was water wash. Only lactic acid treatment was more effective than water at reducing Salmonella on chicken skin, …

Characterization Of Volatile And Metabolite Compounds Produced By Lactococcus Lactis In Low-Fat And Full-Fat Cheddar Cheese Extract, Michael J. Young

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was conducted to compare and contrast potential aroma compounds in the headspace and small molecule metabolites produced as a result of starter culture metabolism in a full-fat and low-fat cheddar cheese model system. Past studies have indicated differences in the headspace flavor compound profiles between full-fat and low-fat Cheddar cheeses with no indication as to what compounds were produced as a result of starter culture metabolism.

Starter cultures were incubated in a Cheddar cheese extract environment that was made up of the water-soluble portion of Cheddar cheese with environmental conditions mimicking full-fat and low-fat Cheddar cheese by altering …

A Sensory-Based Multi-Component School-Based Nutrition Intervention Among Fifth-Grade Students, Stacy Lyn Bevan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The nutritional status of children is declining as evidenced by the steady rise in childhood obesity rates over the last three decades. Consuming five servings of fruit and vegetables (FV) daily has shown to help with weight maintenance, but children are consuming far less than the recommended servings. This study was designed to test the efficacy of a sensory-focused multi-component school-based program at increasing vegetable intake among fifth-graders. Classroom, family, and community components allowed children to explore thirteen target vegetables with their senses including taste. Vegetable consumption was measured by digitalized observations of lunchtime vegetable selection and consumption. Vegetable acceptance …

Measuring The Impact Of Youth Efnep: Questionnaire Development And Validation, Yenory Hernandez

All Dissertations

Background: Given the problem of childhood obesity and food insecurity among low-income children, the Youth Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) needs an appropriate, valid and reliable evaluation tool to determine the program effectiveness.
Purpose: To describe the development and preliminary validation of EFNEP Youth Quest questionnaire, an impact assessment tool designed for Youth EFNEP program.
Use of theory: The Community Nutrition Education logic model adapted with constructs of Social Cognitive Theory and Theory of Planned Behavior.
Targeted audience: Low income-ethnically diverse children, in third, fourth and fifth grade.
Design: The development of the questionnaire included six phases: preliminary …

Emerging Dynamics Of Human Campylobacteriosis In Southern Ireland, Susan Bullman, Daniel Corcoran, James O'Leary, Derry O'Hare, Brigid Lucey, Roy D. Sleator

Department of Biological Sciences Publications

Infections with Campylobacter spp. pose a significant health burden worldwide. The significance of Campylobacter jejuni/Campylobacter coli infection is well appreciated but the contribution of non-C. jejuni/C. coli spp. to human gastroenteritis is largely unknown. In this study, we employed a two-tiered molecular study on 7194 patient faecal samples received by the Microbiology Department in Cork University Hospital during 2009. The first step, using EntericBio® (Serosep), a multiplex PCR system, detected Campylobacter to the genus level. The second step, utilizing Campylobacter species-specific PCR identified to the species level. A total of 340 samples were confirmed as Campylobacter genus positive, 329 of …

Power Of The Bottle, Winston J. Craig

Lake Union Herald

No abstract provided.

Intervention To Increase Knowledge And Consumption Of Folate-Rich Foods Based On The Health Belief Model, Lindsay M. Labrosse

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Folate is important in the prevention of birth defects and in the maintenance of general health. Even after mandatory fortification, many people are still not consuming the RDA of 400 mcg/day. Consuming a diet rich in naturally high-folate foods, as opposed to supplementation, may offer additional health benefits and promote an overall healthy diet.

The purpose of this pilot study was to test the hypothesis that a learner-centered educational intervention based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) will successfully increase knowledge and consumption of folate-rich foods, while increasing positive beliefs about folate and health. A two group parallel control trial …

Cantaloupe, Susan Haws

All Current Publications

This publication is a guide to eating, selecting, cooking, and storing cantaloupe melons.

Winter Squash, Susan Haws

All Current Publications

This publication is a guide to eating, selecting, cooking, and storing winter squash.

Mushrooms, Susan Haws

All Current Publications

This publication is a guide to eating, selecting, cooking, and storing mushrooms.

Lemons, Susan Haws

All Current Publications

This publication is a guide to eating, selecting, cooking, and storing lemons.

Prevalensi Dan Determinan Kelebihan Berat Badan Dan Kegemukan Pada Anak Berusia 5-15 Tahun, Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika

Kesmas

Kelebihan berat badan dan kegemukan, suatu keadaan lemak tubuh yang berlebihan, merupakan masalah kesehatan di negara-negara maju dan negara-negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan determinan kelebihan berat badan dan kegemukan anak usia 5-15 tahun menggunakan data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2007. Ditemukan bahwa prevalensi kelebihan berat badan dan kegemukan pada anak berusia usia 5-15 tahun masing-masing 7,4% dan 8,3%. Jika dikontrol oleh jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, riwayat kegemukan ibu, kebiasaan konsumsi buah mingguan, kebiasaan merokok, dan asupan energi, faktor paling dominan yang berhubungan dengan kelebihan berat badan (> 85% persentil) anak adalah riwayat kegemukan …

Effects Of Diet Type And Supplementation Of Glucosamine, Chondroitin, And Msm On Body Composition, Functional Status, And Markers Of Health In Women With Knee Osteoarthritis Initiating A Resistance-Based Exercise And Weight Loss Program, Teresa Magrans-Courtney, Colin Wilborn, Christopher Rasmussen, Maria Pontes Ferreira, Lori Greenwood, Bill Campbell, Chad M. Kerksick, Erica Nassar, Rui Li, Mike Iosia, Matt Cooke, Kristin Dugan, Darryn Willoughby, Luann Soliah, Richard B. Kreider

Nutrition and Food Science Faculty Research Publications

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine whether sedentary obese women with knee OA initiating an exercise and weight loss program may experience more beneficial changes in body composition, functional capacity, and/or markers of health following a higher protein diet compared to a higher carbohydrate diet with or without GCM supplementation.

Methods: Thirty sedentary women (54 ± 9 yrs, 163 ± 6 cm, 88.6 ± 13 kg, 46.1 ± 3% fat, 33.3 ± 5 kg/m²) with clinically diagnosed knee OA participated in a 14-week exercise and weight loss program. Participants followed an isoenergenic low fat higher …

Emotional Climate, Feeding Practices, And Feeding Styles: An Observational Analysis Of The Dinner Meal In Head Start Families, Sheryl O Hughes, Thomas G Power, Maria A Papaioannou, Matthew B Cross, Theresa A Nicklas, Sharon K Hall, Richard M Shewchuk

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: A number of studies conducted with ethnically diverse, low-income samples have found that parents with indulgent feeding styles had children with a higher weight status. Indulgent parents are those who are responsive to their child's emotional states but have problems setting appropriate boundaries with their child. Because the processes through which styles impact child weight are poorly understood, the aim of this study was to observe differences in the emotional climate created by parents (including affect, tone of voice, and gestures) and behavioral feeding practices among those reporting different feeding styles on the Caregiver's Feeding Styles Questionnaire. A secondary …

The Regulation Of Liv-1 Mrna In Mda-Mb-231 Human Breast Cancer Cells And Its Association With E-Cadherin (Cdh1), Leelyn Chong

Master's Theses

LIV-1, the estrogen-regulated gene encoding a member of the ZIP family of zinc transporters (SLC39A6), has been implicated in both growth and metastasis of estrogen-receptor (ER) positive (+) and negative (-) breast cancer cells. In ER⁺ breast cancer cells, LIV-1 expression is induced by both estrogen and insulin. In embryonic cells, LIV-1 has also been negatively associated with the expression of the cell adhesion protein, E-cadherin (CDH1), thought to play a role in metastasis. In the present study, we investigated the regulation of LIV-1 and its relationship to CDH1 in MDA-MB-231 ER^- breast cancer cells. Cells were …

High-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism In Human Apolipoprotein B100 Transgenic/Brown Adipose Tissue Deficient Mice: A Model Of Obesity-Induced Hyperinsulinemia, Sarah J. Ehlers, Stephanie M. Larson, Heather E. Rasmussen, Young-Ki Park, Ji-Young Lee

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Obese and diabetic humans display decreased plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations and an increased risk for coronary heart disease. However, investigation on HDL metabolism in obesity with a particular emphasis on hepatic ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), the primary factor for HDL formation, has not been well studied. Human apolipoprotein B₁₀₀ transgenic (hApoB^tg) and brown adipose tissue deficient (BATless) mice were crossed to generate hApoB^tg/BATless mice. Male and female hApoB^tg and hApoB^tg/BATless mice were maintained on either a regular rodent chow diet or a diet high …

The Effect Of Processing Parameters And Methylcellulose On Texture And Consumer Acceptability Of A Non-Melting Dairy Protein Gel, Joshua Goldman

Master's Theses

The overall goal was to understand the capabilities of a dairy based meat alternative.  This was done in three phases: 1) the production of a dairy protein gel as a base for a dairy based meat alternative, 2) texturization of the dairy protein gel base to produce a nugget like texture, and 3) a consumer test to determine the acceptability of the dairy based nugget compared to meat and meat alternatives on the market.

For phase I, a dairy protein gel base was tested to understand the textural attributes.  Milk to whey percentages and level of acidification were examined to …

Pets And Your Health, Winston J. Craig

Lake Union Herald

No abstract provided.

A High Fiber Diet Versus A Low-Carbohydrate Diet For Weight Loss In Obese Individuals With Or Without Type 2 Diabetes, Neal G. Malik

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In the United States, obesity rates have climbed steadily over the years. Many different diets for weight loss have been proposed and studied, yet no one diet seems to clearly be more beneficial. Among diets that have been promoted are those high in fiber and low in carbohydrates, yet thus far, results of these studies have been mixed.

Using a 2x2 complete factorial design, 173 obese men and women with or without type 2 diabetes were randomized to one of two conditions: (a) a high fiber diet (> 40 grams of fiber per day for women, >50 grams of fiber …

Optimizing Micronutrient Intake Of Lactating Women In Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa, Through Increased Wild Edible Plant Consumption, Kerry Pearson

Master's Theses

OPTIMIZING MICRONUTRIENT INTAKE OF LACTATING WOMEN IN KWAZULU-NATAL, SOUTH AFRICA, THROUGH INCREASED WILD EDIBLE PLANT CONSUMPTION

Kerry Pearson

Micronutrient consumption in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, is insufficient to meet the needs of lactating women.  Inadequate intake negatively impacts the health of both the mother and infant.  Increasing consumption of wild edible plants has been recommended to combat these deficiencies, but information has not yet been provided on which types of wild plants should be eaten or in what quantity.  The objective of this study was to determine the optimal mixture of wild edible plants that needs to be consumed to meet …

Simulated Reductions In Consumption Of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Improves Diet Quality In Lower Mississippi Delta Adults, Jessica L. Thomson, Lisa M. Tussing-Humphreys, Stephen J. Onufrak, Carol Connell, Jamie M. Zoellner, Margaret L. Bogle, Kathleen Yadrick

Faculty Publications

Background

Although the effects of replacing sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) with water on energy intake and body weight have been reported, little is known about how these replacements affect diet quality.

Objective

To simulate the effects of replacing SSBs with tap water on diet quality and total energy intake of Lower Mississippi Delta (LMD) adults.

Design

Retrospective analysis of cross-sectional dietary intake data using a representative sample of LMD adults (n=1,689). Diet quality was measured using the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005) scores that were computed using the population ratio method. The effects of substituting SSBs with water on diet …

Contribution Of Dietary Supplements To The Nutritional Status Of College Students, Caroline Yu

Honors Scholar Theses

Little is known about the prevalence of dietary supplement usage among college students. Though taking dietary supplements can cover nutrient shortages not achieved through diet alone, it is often recommended to improve the quality of one's diet rather than rely on supplements. The main objective of this research study was to determine the prevalence of dietary supplement use among college students in relation to a variety of demographic and lifestyle variables, and to find out what portion of total nutrient intake is supplied by supplements. Subjects were all recruited from the University of Connecticut, and each participant completed a health …

Point-Of-Purchase Nutrition Information Influences Food-Purchasing Behaviors Of College Students: A Pilot Study, Marjorie Freedman, Rachel Conners

Faculty Publications

The goal of point-of-purchase (POP) nutrition information is to help consumers make informed, healthful choices. Despite limited evaluation, these population-based approaches are being advocated to replace traditional, more expensive, individual behavior-change strategies. Few studies have examined the effect of POP information on buying patterns of college students, a group with high obesity rates and poor eating habits. This quasi-experimental pilot project sought to determine whether the “Eat Smart” POP program affected food-purchasing habits of multiethnic college students shopping at an on-campus convenience store. Baseline sales data of foods in the cereal, soup, cracker, and bread categories were collected for 6 …

Pistachios On My Plate, Winston J. Craig

Lake Union Herald

No abstract provided.

Kombucha : An Exploration Of Microbial Composition, Brewing Conditions, And The Effect Of Fermentation Time On The Rate Of Alcohol Production, Erin-Leigh Gallop

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

Kombucha is a fermented tea created with the help of a symbiotic culture of yeast and bacteria. The presence of bacteria and yeast in the broth of kombucha, and not solely in the top-floating pellicle layer, permit fermentation and alcohol production to continue after the “mother” SCOB Y has been removed and after bottling has occurred for mass consumption. In the normal metabolic path of kombucha fermentation, the yeast breaks down the disaccharide sucrose into the monosaccharides glucose and fructose. However, the microbial composition of kombucha varies. This study included the microbial identification of a species of kombucha currently being …

Effectiveness Of The Uri Senior Nutrition Awareness Project (Snap) Nutrition Education Programs With Older Rhode Islanders, Brittany L. Loriquet

Senior Honors Projects

SNAP is a federally-funded, free community nutrition program administered through the RI Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program—Education (SNAP-Ed), housed in the URI Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences. SNAP targets low-income older adults throughout Rhode Island, educating about 250 individuals each month. A monthly topic of current interest is addressed using an appropriate newsletter, recipe, and interactive component that are delivered at various senior centers and other venues.

As the SNAP undergraduate program assistant since September 2009, I have had the opportunity to create nutrition education materials and to assist in the delivery of community nutrition programming to low-income older adults. …

Associations Between Diet Quality And Perceived Quality Of Life In Overweight And Obese Older Adults, Klara Zolotnitskaya

Senior Honors Projects

Objective: To determine whether an association between health related quality of life (HRQOL) and dietary quality exists in overweight [body mass index (BMI) 25-29.9 kg/m²] and obese (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m²) older adults.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Participants and Setting: One-hundred and nine overweight and obese older adults, 20 male and 89 female, ages 55-80 years from four Rhode Island senior centers. Participants were recruited from two urban senior centers, one in Warwick and one in Cranston, and two rural senior centers, one in North Kingstown and one in South Kingstown.

Measurements: Anthropometrics (height, weight, waist …

Examining Dietary Acculturation In Hispanic Males Residing In South Mississippi, Diana Katherine Cuy Castellanos

Dissertations

This study explored dietary behavior in terms of dietary intake, dietary intake change and dietary contributing factors in a sample of Hispanic males residing in southern Mississippi that are at various stages of the acculturation process. Grounded theory and the bidimensional acculturation model were incorporated to identify the dietary factors and assess acculturation in each participant. Qualitative and quantitative measures were used in data collection. Qualitative measurements included Semistructured interviews, a focus group, and photovoice with group interviews. The ARSMA-II, Marginality Scale, Fruit/Vegetable and Fat Food Screeners, a psychosocial dietary questionnaire, and the New Vital Signs Food Label for Health …

The Ability Of Households In Southeast Louisiana Eligible For The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program To Meet The Food Recommendations Of The 2010 Dietary Guidelines For Americans, Alicia Rodriguez

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.