Digital Commons Network^™

Some Rights For Animal Therapists: Better Science And Better Welfare, Dana H. Murphy

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

"Animal-facilitated therapy" is a phrase with a friendly, solid ring to it. It also sounds like an idea that nearly everyone could agree to endorse, like democracy and vacations. However, there are some real problems in two areas: the low level of scientific rigor in some of the reports on animal-facilitated therapy, and the scant consideration is given to the animal therapists' welfare.

Letter To Editor: Response To "Responsive Chord On Pets And Therapy", Kathy Savesky

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

The author welcomes the contents of the IJSAP editorial on Animal-Facilitated Therapy (IJSAP 4(1), 8-9).

Letter To Editor: Responsive Chord On Pets And Therapy, Jean Grover

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

The author comments on concerns regarding caring for the animals in a nursing home and the very positive reactions the animals elicited among residents.

Preventive Medicine And The Politics Of Disease, Michael W. Fox

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

The author argues that disease prevention is preferable to relying on the development of cures.

Some Rights For Animal Therapists: Better Science And Better Welfare, Dana H. Murphy

Animal-Assisted Therapy Collection

"Animal-facilitated therapy." The phrase has a nice, solid ring to it, doesn't it? And it also sounds like an idea that nearly everyone could agree to endorse, like democracy and vacations. But a closer scrutiny of some of the available literature on the use of animals as adjuncts in situations like nursing homes and outpatient psychotherapy reveals a number of deficiencies. While there is probably nothing wrong with the fundamental concept- ideally, people and animals are helping each other to become more useful and independentthere are some real problems in two areas: the dubious level of scientific rigor in many …

Vivisection And Misanthropy, George P. Cave

Experimentation Collection

Goodman recognizes that it is reasonable to question whether all experiments performed on animals really contribute to human welfare, and he even concedes that the use of animals in laboratories "could no doubt be reduced further without harm to humankind." On the other hand, it is quite clear that he is completely unaware of the sheer quantity of absolutely worthless experiments currently being conducted, ,and that he subscribes to the popular misconception, deliberately perpetrated by the research establishment, that animal experimentation is coextensive with biomedical research, thereby contributing directly to human welfare through the conquering of disease. Furthermore, Goodman seems …

Thoughtful Use Of Animals, Hyram Kitchen

Experimentation Collection

As part of a symposium held in Cincinnati entitled, "Ethical Issues Related to the Use of Research Animals," I was asked by the program director to consider whether further legislation regarding the use of animals might be necessary to ensure more thoughtful use of animals at universities. The following is my response.

Protection Of Animals And Animal Experimentation: A Survey Of Scientific Experts, Norbert Lagoni, Joachim Fiebelkorn, Hans-Joachim Wormuth

Experimentation Collection

This article summarizes information from a survey of biomedical scientists, specifically pharmacologists and toxicologists, on the use of laboratory animals and the potential for replacing their use with alternative methods for the development and evaluation of pharmaceutical substances. The majority of those surveyed felt that the alternatives could supplement or complement animal tests, but not replace the tests altogether. However, most favored the use of nonsentient material in safety tests.

A Survey Of Animal Behavior-Related Research And Teaching Activities In North American Agricultural And Veterinary Medical Colleges, W. R. Stricklin

Ethology Collection

A letter questionnaire was used to survey animal behavior-related research and teaching efforts in U.S.A. and Canadian university animal sciences departments (agriculture) and veterinary medical colleges. The objectives of the eleven questions of the survey were to identify behavior workers and to determine the current and planned levels of emphasis on research and teaching activities in domestic animal behavior. During 1981, questionnaires were mailed to 162 deans and chairmen, and 102 were answered and returned. Twenty-three persons were identified as having appointments specifically or primarily in animal behavior, and 99 persons were identified as having appointments that had some responsibilities …

Review Of Literature On Use Of T-61 As An Euthanasic Agent, Laura Dalia Barocio

Veterinary Science and Medicine Collection

The tools of evaluating the degree of distress in animals being killed include electroencephalography (EEG), electrocardiography (ECG), and measurement of blood pressure and respiration. Sound clinical and behavioral observations should also not be abandoned in the evaIuation process.

There are many methods which may be employed to reach the same end results, but the ideal method should satisfy several criteria: 1. It should be painless; 2. It should cause unconsciousness instantaneously and death within minutes; 3. It should not cause undue anxiety, alarm, fear, panic, behavior, struggling, vocalization, muscle spasms or clinical signs of automatic activation (e.g., convulsions) before unconsciousness; …

Psychology And Its Animal Subjects, Kenneth J. Shapiro

Experimentation Collection

By way of introducing Psychologists for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PsyETA) to readers of the journal, I have been asked to make some comments about the organization and, from a personal point of view, to suggest some of my own positions and views.

Alternatives To Animal Experimentation, Steven M. Niemi

Experimentation Collection

Alternatives to animal experimentation are highly touted today by animal welfare advocates. Their campaign for adoption of alternatives has caused much discussion and debate within and outside of the biomedical community. The purpose of this paper was to examine the controversy and assess the more common alternatives, including the bacterial mutagenicity assay or Ames test, cell culture, and mathematical models for toxicity prediction. Safety testing of chemicals is the most promising of the fields for alternatives where laboratory animals are used, and incorporation of alternatives with live-animal assays is increasing. However, due to limitations of alternatives in use currently, there …

Prostaglandin F2a Induced Nest Building Behavior In The Non-Pregnant Sow, And Some Welfare Considerations, Judith K. Blackshaw

Agribusiness Collection

Nest building behavior, induced with intramuscular injections of prostaglandin F2_a (PGF2_a), was studied in non-pregnant sows. Acute effects, which included salivation, scratching, vomiting, defaecation and ataxia, were also recorded. Sows (Large White x Landrace) were housed in two different environments; six sows in bare pens and six sows in pens provided with bedding material. In all cases except one (bare pen) nest building sequences of differing intensities were recorded. Welfare suggestions include questioning the justification of using a drug (PGF2_a) in pig husbandry, which has unpleasant acute effects, and the suggestion that the provision of …

Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis (Ipn) Of Salmonid Fishes, Phillip E. Mcallister

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is a viral disease principally associated with salmonids, although IPN and lPN-like viruses have been isolated from various nonsa1rnonid fish and marine invertebrates. Acute infection occurs in 1- to 4-month-old salmonids and can result in cumulative mortality approaching 100%. In contrast, fish 6 months old or older can undergo subclinical or inapparent infection, but experience no significant mortality. Survivors of the disease can become lifelong carriers of the virus. Epizootics of IPN have been reported worldwide, and several virus serotypes are recognized. The disease known as IPN was probably first described by M'Gonigle (1941) as acute …

Diazepam, Pentobarbital, And Methaqualone Effects On Several Behaviors In The Rat And Antagonism By Ro 15-1788, David J. Mokler, Richard H. Rech

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications

The sedative hypnotics may exert their effects through a number of different mechanisms. Diazepam interacts with a specific receptor linked to a GABA receptor and a CL ionophore (Skolnick and Paul, 1981) and enhances the binding affinity of the GABA receptor for its ligand. Barbiturates may act at an additional receptor linked to this complex (Olsen, 1981). The sites of action of methaqualone have yet to be defined. Recently Hunkeler et al. (1981) synthesized a new class of compounds, the imidazodiazepines, the prototype being Ro 15-1788. They showed that Ro 15-1788 inhibits 3H-Diazepam binding to brain synaptosomes, reverses diazepam-induced protection …

Women's Basketball Media Guide 1983-1984, Indiana State University

Intercollegiate Athletics

No abstract provided.

Uwomj Volume 53, Number 1, November 1983, Western University

University of Western Ontario Medical Journal

Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry

Uwomj Volume 52, Number 2, January 1983, Western University

University of Western Ontario Medical Journal

Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry

Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 60, No. 3, 1983)

Virginia Dental Journal

No abstract provided.

Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 60, No. 4, 1983)

Virginia Dental Journal

No abstract provided.

A Balb/C Congenic Strain Of Mice That Carries A Genetic Locus (ItyR) Controlling Resistance To Intracellular Parasites, Michael Potter, Alison D. O'Brien, Emil Skamene, Philippe Gros, Adrien Forget, Patricia A. L. Kongshavn, Judith S. Wax

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

BALB/c.DBA/2 Idh-1^b-Ity^r-Pep-3^b congenic mice were developed by introgressively backcrossing the Idh-1^b and Pep-3^b markers of DBA/2 mice onto the BALB/cπ mice. This introduced a 30-centimorgan chromosome 1 segment of DBA/2 chromatin that contained the Ity^r gene. BALB/c.DBA/2 Idh-1^b-Ity^r-Pep-3^b mice were resistant to in vivo infections by Salmonella typhimurium, Mycobacterium bovis, and Leishmania donovani.

Purification And Characterization Of A Shigella Dysenteriae 1- Like Toxin Produced By Escherichia Coli, Alison D. O'Brien, Gerald D. Laveck

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

A toxin from an enteropathogenic strain of Escherichia coli (E. coli H30) was purified to apparent homogeneity from cell lysates. The steps used to isolate the E. coli H30 toxin included French pressure-cell disruption of bacteria grown in iron-depleted media, Affi-Gel Blue chromatography, chromatofocusing, and anti- Shiga toxin affinity chromatography. The mobilities of the subunits of radioiodinated E. coli H30 toxin and Shiga toxin observed after the two toxins were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were identical. In the absence of 2-mercaptoethanol, a narrow band was seen at M_r 31,500 (±1,000), and a wide heavy band …

Lupin Diseases, P Mcr Wood

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Fungicide treatment of lupin seed - 83GE45, 83GE46, 83GE47. Fungicide treatment of lupin seed in polyculture - 83NO48, 83BU21. Levels of Pleiochaeta in different organic fractions - 83AL51 (2 sites). Phomopsis levels on post-harvest samples - 83AL51.

31P Nmr Study Of Erythrocytes From A Patient With Hereditary Pyrimidine-5'-Nucleotidase Deficiency, M. S. Swanson, C. R. Angle, S. J. Stohs, S. T. Wu, J. M. Salhany, R. S. Elliot, R. S. Markin

United States Public Health Resources

The composition of phosphate metabolites and the intracellular pH in erythrocytes from a patient with hereditary pyrimidine-5'-nucleotidase deficiency were examined using ³¹P NMR spectroscopy. Several resonances were identified in spectra from intact cells and from extracts. The 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate line intensities were normal but the NTP resonances were about twice normal due to the presence of millimolar quantities of pyrimidine phosphates. Several intense resonances were also observed in the diphosphodiester region of the spectrum. One compound contributing to these lines has been identified as cytidine diphosphocholine. The resonances of NTPs were in a position indicating that the additional triphosphates were …

The University Of Health Sciences Journal: 1983 Edition, University Of Health Sciences College Of Osteopathic Medicine, James F. Ryan

University of Health Sciences Journal (1981-1985)

Contents: Bringing Health Care Closer to Home -- Dean Davis: the Class of '33 -- 50th-year reunion -- L. Raymond Hall: surgeon, oncologist, professor -- Helen Stevenson: 35 years of quality -- 101st Class -- 50 years ago -- A View from the Other Side -- Commencement 1983 -- Arthroscopy: A Penpoint Perspective -- Alumni Album -- The Faces of 1983-84 at UHS -- COMments -- People -- In Memoriam.

Biochemical Characterization Of Human Thy 1, Lynda F. Bonewald

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

The present studies were undertaken in order to a) verify the presence of a human Thy 1 antigen, b) demonstrate its similarity to murine Thy 1, and c) biochemically characterize the molecule. Previously, a 25,000 molecular weight molecule had been isolated from a human T lymphoblastoid cell line, Molt 3, using isolation procedures most frequently used for the isolation of rodent Thy 1. The human Thy 1 (p25) was demonstrated to be biochemically similar to murine Thy 1.2 by molecular weight and ability to bind Lens Culinaris lentil lectin. Recently, we confirmed similarity between the murine and the human molecule …

The Niño As A Natural Hazard: Its Role In The Development Of Cultural Complexity On The Peruvian Coast, Joseph J. Lischka

FMHI Publications

No abstract provided.

Area-Related Species Richness: The Uses Of Ecological And Paleontological Data, Earl D. Mccoy, Jorge R. Rey

Integrative Biology Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Foliar Diseases Of Wheat, A. G. P. Brown

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Leaf disease in the wheatbelt. Wheat leaf diseases were common north of Perth. They were severe in the Moora district and catastrophic in the northern wheatbelt. Yellow spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis) and glume blotch (Septoria nodorum) were the major pathogens in most areas with yellow spot exceeding glume blotch in area of leaf affected for the first time since surveys began in 1971. In the south dry conditions prevailed and diseases were hard to find. Figure 1 gives the distribution in the various zones for 1983 excluding the Esperance district which was not surveyed. Stress damage induced mostly by water stress …

Summary Of Medic-Rhizobium Field Experiments, J G. Howieson

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

83ME9 - Nutrition of R. meliloti in acid soil. - Meaningful results only available in 1984/85 Summary of Medic-Rhizobium Field Experiments 1983/84. 83ME87 - Effect of pH of culture conditions on survival in, and colonisation of, an acid soil by R. meliloti. - Meaningful results available 1984/85. (82ME22, 82ME22A, 82ME23) Survival and colonisation of acid soils by 18 strains of R. meliloti in association with 6 Medicago hosts. - Results discussed in this summary.