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Theoretical And Practical Considerations For Enhancing Power To Improve Athletic Performance, Douglas A. Herron

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Power is of extreme interest to coaches and athletes alike because of the crucial role it plays in athletic performance. This independent study examines the essence of power and attempts to describe its components in detail as they relate to various sporting events and explores theoretical and practical considerations for anaerobic power augmentation using mathematical arguments as a basis for the suggested changes to traditional training protocol.

Specifically, this study suggests changes to traditional resistance training protocol during the power phase of a mesocycie by decreasing the percentage of the maximal lift from 90% through 95% to 60% through 85%. …

Bioethics And The Administration Of Justice, George P. Smith Ii

Faculty Books

This essay is divided into five parts. The first will examine, in broad-brush, bioethics as a discipline, language and political movement. The second explores the politics of morality and the role bioethicists have in assisting with the tasks of judicial decision making. Part three tackles the feasibility of promoting a deliberative democracy within the New Age of Biotechnology. Part four considers forensic or scientific evidence. And, the final section of this essay considers how Elizabeth Taylor, Reva Shane Lewis of the CBS soap opera, "The Guiding Light," Thomas Donaldson and the sheep, "Dolly," shape the contours of this new age …

Rupture In The Ordinary, Geraldine Abbatiello

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of The Role Of Fructosamine As An Indicator Of Diabetic Control, Katherine Hooley

Theses

Diabetes mellitus, a common metabolic disease, is characterised by excess circulating glucose concentrations. Such a hyperglycaemic status provides the stimulus for irreversible glycation (non-enzymatically post-translational) of structural and functional proteins. Protein glycation, although a cause of complication (neuropathy, micro/macrovascular disease), provides a time-averaged index of diabetes status and control. In particular, glycated plasma proteins analysis, i.e., the fructosamine assay, has received favourable response due to its speed, simplicity, low cost, and ease of automation. However, lack of standardisation and a universally-accepted calibrant has limited technical and subsequent clinical confidence in fructosamine analysis. In response, a comprehensive technical evaluation (including novel …

In Vitro Anti-Hepatitis B Virus Activities Of 5’-O-Myristoyl Analogue Derivatives Of 3’-Fluoro-2’,3’-Dideoxythymidine (Flt) And 3’-Azido-2’,3’- Dideoxythymidine (Azt), Keykavous Parang, Leonard I. Wiebe, Edward E. Knaus, Jyy-Shiang Huang, David L. Tyrrell

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The objective of this study was to evaluate a dual action prodrug concept wherein an unnatural myristic acid analogue is coupled via an ester moiety to the 5’-position of FLT or AZT. Subsequent intracellular cleavage of the prodrug ester would simultaneously release FLT or AZT that could inhibit reverse transcriptase (RT), and the myristic acid analogue that could inhibit myristoyl- CoA:protein N-myristoyltransferase (NMT). Methods: Cytotoxicity (2.2.15 cell culture), and antihepatitis B activity of 5’-O-myristoyl analogue prodrug derivatives of FLT and AZT (2-8) were evaluated in vitro using human liver hepatitis B virus (HBV) producing 2.2.15 cell lines. Results: The 5’- …

Dual Diagnosis Treatment Models, Lauretta M. Cufr

Graduate Research Papers

The increase in the size of the identified Dual Diagnosis population and the increase in focus on cost effectiveness of treatment interventions and outcomes, has made clear the need for improvements in the knowledge base of treatment providers. Treatment models currently in use as partially developed approaches need to be studied in order to provide the DD population with the most effective treatment possible. (Minkoff, 1994).

This paper will examine literature pertaining to the three current treatment models: the serial, the parallel, and the integrated. It will also report findings regarding one innovative program currently under study for clients who …

Evaluation De La Stratégie De Distribution À Base Communautaire, Banza Baya, Georges Guiella, Christine Ouedraogo, Gabriel Pictet

Reproductive Health

Ce rapport d’évaluation de l’intervention de la DSF se base sur quatre séries d’enquête au Burkina Faso: l’enquête quantitative de base (avril-mai 1996), l’enquête qualitative de base (1996), et l’enquête de premier passage (avril-mai 1998) et l’enquête d’évaluation qualitative DBC (novembre 1998). L’intervention s’attachera à valider les hypothèses du Laboratoire de santé communautaire (LSC), à analyser la mise en œuvre de l’intervention, à tenter de saisir ses effets et d’étudier les mérites respectifs des deux stratégies testées dans le Bazèga, conformément au protocole d’évaluation proposé par l’UERD et validé par les partenaires du LSC (DSF, Population Council, Mwangaza Action et …

Lack Of Effect Of Leptin On Glucose Transport, Lipoprotein Lipase, And Insulin Action In Adipose And Muscle Cells, Subramanian Ranganathan, Theodore P. Ciaraldi, Robert R. Henry, Sunder Mudaliar, Philip A. Kern

Clinical and Translational Science Faculty Publications

The effect of leptin on glucose transport, lipogenesis, and lipoprotein lipase activity was studied in cultured rat adipocytes and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Leptin had no effect on basal and insulin stimulated glucose transport in isolated adipocytes from the rat and the genetically obese mouse. The incorporation of glucose into lipids was also unaffected. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity remained unchanged in response to leptin in these cells, as well as in minced adipose tissue. Leptin also had no effect on both basal and insulin-stimulated glucose transport in cultured rat and human skeletal muscle cells. These studies showed that leptin had no effect …

Effects Of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Α On Glucose Metabolism In Cultured Human Muscle Cells From Nondiabetic And Type 2 Diabetic Subjects, Theodore P. Ciaraldi, Leslie Carter, Sunder Mudaliar, Philip A. Kern, Robert R. Henry

Clinical and Translational Science Faculty Publications

The effects of tumor necrosis factor-a (TNFα) on glucose uptake and glycogen synthase (GS) activity were studied in human skeletal muscle cell cultures from nondiabetic and type 2 diabetic subjects. In nondiabetic muscle cells, acute (90-Min) exposure to TNFα (5 ng/ml) stimulated glucose uptake (73 ± 14% increase) to a greater extent than insulin (37 ± 4%; P < 0.02). The acute uptake response to TNFα in diabetic cells (51 ± 6% increase) was also greater than that to insulin (31 ± 3%; P < 0.05). Prolonged (24-h) exposure of nondiabetic muscle cells to TNFα resulted in a further stimulation of uptake (152 ± 31%; P < 0.05), whereas the increase in cells from type 2 diabetics was not significant compared with that in cells receiving acute treatment. After TNFα treatment, the level of glucose transporter-1 protein was elevated in nondiabetic (4.6-fold increase) and type 2 (1.7-fold) cells. Acute TNFα treatment had no effect on the fractional velocity of GS in either nondiabetic or type 2 cells. Prolonged exposure reduced the GS fractional velocity in both nondiabetic and diabetic cells. In summary, both acute and prolonged treatment with TNFα up-regulate glucose uptake activity in cultured human muscle cells, but reduce GS activity. Increased skeletal muscle glucose uptake in conditions of TNFα excess may serve as a compensatory mechanism in the insulin resistance of type 2 diabetes.

Significance Of The Kccl Cytoplasmic Cooh-Terminal Fragment For The Ph Dependence Of K-Cl Cotransport In Transfected Human Embryonic Kidney Cells, Norma C. Adragna, Jin Zhang, Peter K. Lauf

Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Development Of A Differential Assay To Selectively Measure Α-Amylase Isoenzymes., Miriam O'Connor

Theses

α-Amylase is a heterogeneous polypeptide, primarily found in the Salivary and Pancreatic glands, giving rise to two isoenzymes, namely Salivary- and Pancreatic-type Amylases. Total α-Amylase activity measurements are routinely carried out in hospital laboratories to aid in the diagnosis of diseases of the pancreas and in the investigation of pancreatic function in patients with severe abdominal pains. With the development and wide availability of modem chromogenic oligosaccharide substrates specific for Amylase, assays have become more sensitive, rapid and easier to use.

Differential Amylase Isoenzyme assays ware developed to distinguish isoenzyme levels. Several methods were developed for isoenzyme determination. Of these. …

A Survey Of Illinois Speech-Language Pathologists And School Psychologists Regarding Selective Mutism, Sarah Megan Toland

Masters Theses

A questionnaire was designed by the examiner to identify the views and knowledge of Illinois school psychologists and speech-language pathologists regarding selective mutism. Subjects consisted of 119 school psychologists and 106 speech-language pathologists, who completed the questionnaire.

The results of the survey revealed that both Illinois school psychologists and speech-language pathologists viewed themselves as partially responsible for the assessment and treatment of selective mutism, however, both samples indicated low levels of comfort in their ability to successfully provide those services. Additionally, very few of the respondents in either group had received formal training in the area of selective mutism.

Results …

Identification And Intervention Associated With Infants Exposed To Cocaine In Utero, Tracy Boehm

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

The recent epidemic of cocaine in all its various forms, including crack, has resulted in large numbers of infants being born after in utero exposure to cocaine. Since most substance abusing pregnant women choose not to receive prenatal care, the diagnosis is often missed or made late during labor because that is when the mother is first examined by medical professionals.

A well-defined "fetal cocaine syndrome" does not exist. However, attempts to characterize the fetal effects of cocaine exposure during pregnancy when attempting to define this syndrome have revealed a wide variety of fetal effects.

The purpose of this study …

Differences Between Ultrasound And Electrical Stimulation In Wound Healing, Josette Bryngelson

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

When a patient enters a physical therapy clinic for wound therapy, a physical therapist must decide the best way to provide care. The therapy that is decided upon depends on the client, the therapist, and the goals that are trying to be achieved.

Through a literature review, I will compare two methods of wound care treatment: therapeutic ultrasound and electrical stimulation. This paper will look at the way these two treatments work and how these treatments are beneficial in wound healing.

The benefit of this literature review will be to provide a source of information in choosing an effective or …

Tensile Properties Of The Autogenous Quadruple-Stranded Semitendinosus-Gracilis Graft Used For Reconstruction Of The Anterior Cruciate Ligament, James E. Swanton

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

The purpose of this study was to further enhance the knowledge of autogenous tissues around the knee which are used for reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Ten fresh-frozen cadaveric knee specimens were used to conduct this experiment. The semitendinosus and gracilis tendons, as well as the bone-patellar tendon-bone complex, were excised and prepared for testing. The semitendinosus and gracilis tendons were doubled and fashioned into a quadruple-stranded graft. The tissue units were then individually fixated in a tensile testing apparatus and tested to failure. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze and compare our data with similar studies to …

Female Medical Residents And Stress: Origins, Impacts, And Coping Responses, Brenda Mcgehee Smith

Theses and Dissertations

Stress research studies of medical residents in the 1970s and 1980s found that female residents cope less well than male residents. Coping strategies, as well as origins and impact of stress, of 12 female residents were examined in the contexts of their environment. This qualitative ethnographic study was organized around the transactional cognitive theory of stress and coping. Female residents coped well, with use of a variety of strong support relationships, and were creative and flexible in combining their personal and professional lives. The quality of interpersonal communication and support, rather than the existence, appeared to have the greatest effect …

In Vivo And In Vitro Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging And Spectroscopy Of Psychoactive Drugs In Rat Brain, Diana M. Lindquist

Theses and Dissertations

Four psychoactive drugs were studied using various in vivo nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. Trifluoperazine (TFP) was given to several normal rats, whose brains were then studied using in vivo fluorine-19 NMR. Three peaks were detected in the in vivo fluorine spectra: one at -62 ppm, which was due to TFP, and two others at -55 and -75 ppm, which are due to unknown metabolites of TFP. Samples of skin, skull, muscle, and brain were obtained from these rats and extracted for in vitro analysis. The metabolites responsible for the in vivo peak at -75 ppm also appeared in the …

Needs And Risks Facing The Indonesian Youth Population, Desti Murdijana

Reproductive Health

Youth are the leaders of tomorrow, but right now they face a formidable collection of problems that will determine the quality of their future lives and the lives of us all. Education, jobs, substance abuse, violence, sexuality, and marriage are examples of adolescent issues that demand special attention from researchers, youth activists and advocates, parents, and policymakers. In attempting to address these complex issues, we must be willing to confront ignorance, controversy, and cultural obstacles. Clear and focused policy and strategies must play a basic role in tackling these issues facing Indonesian adolescents. This paper provides a concise situation analysis …

The Uncharted Passage: Girls' Adolescence In The Developing World, Barbara Mensch, Judith Bruce, Margaret E. Greene

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Adolescence is a formative time of transition to adulthood. What happens between the ages of 10 and 19 shapes how girls and boys live out their lives as women and men—not only in the reproductive arena, but in the social and economic realm as well. Yet, despite its impact on human development, adolescence has been sidelined as a research and policy subject in developing countries. While all adolescents deserve our attention, the needs of adolescent girls in the developing world are particularly pressing. This monograph focuses on these girls, presenting statistics to examine the social and economic context of their …

Migration, Sexual Behavior And Hiv Diffusion In Kenya, Martin Brockerhoff, Ann E. Biddlecom

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The association of migration with the spread of AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa is well documented, yet the social and behavioral mechanisms underlying this relationship remain poorly understood. Using data from the 1993 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey, this paper examines whether migrants are more likely than nonmigrants to have multiple recent sexual partners and not to use condoms with those partners. Results indicate that migation is a critical factor in high-risk sexual behavior and that its importance varies by gender and by the direction of movement. Independent of marital and cohabitation status, social milieu, awareness of AIDS, and other crucial …

Fertility And Reproductive Preferences In Post-Transitional Societies, John Bongaarts

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Conventional theories have little to say about the level at which fertility will stabilize at the end of the transition although it is often assumed that replacement fertility of about 2.1 births per woman will prevail in the long run. However, fertility has dropped below the replacement level in virtually every population that has moved through the demographic transition. If future fertility remains at these low levels populations will decline in size and age rapidly.This paper attempts to contribute to the understanding of levels and trends of post-transitional fertility by examining the causes of discrepancies between reproductive preferences and observed …

The Impact Of Family Planning Household Service Delivery On Women's Status In Bangladesh, James F. Phillips, Mian Bazle Hossain

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Since 1982, the Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Extension Project has compiled longitudinal panel data on rural women’s contact with household service providers who visit homes to discuss family planning and offer services to women on request. This study tests the hypothesis that home-based services reinforce customs of purdah (female seclusion) by sustaining the dependency and isolation of the women served by the program. Results show that household services improve women’s status. This effect is largely attributable to the impact of outreach on effective fertility regulation. Findings do not support the hypothesis that household service delivery is detrimental …

Obstetric Variables And Maternal Attitudes As Risk Factors For Postpartum Depression, Teresa B. Stire

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Depression is a significant mental health concern and has been studied scientifically for more than 100 years (Logsdon, McBride, & Birkimer, 1994). However, until the past decade, little attention had been paid to the phenomenon of postpartum depression. Postpartum depression refers to depressive symptoms and impairment in women's ability to function that persists beyond the first week postpartum (Steiner, 1990). Research conducted in the past decade has indicated that approximately 10% to 15% of postnatal women suffer from postpartum depression (Beck, Reynolds, & Rutowski, 1992; Beck, 1996). Typical onset of postpartum depression seems to be between 3 to 6 weeks …

Effects Of Maturation And Fertilization Times On Pronuclear Development Of Bovine Oocytesfertilized In Vitro, Sema Bi̇rler, Serhat Pabuççuoğlu, Serhat Alkan, Mithat Evecen, İ. Kamuran İleri̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Primer oocytes (n=520) collected from ovaries of slaughtered cows were divided into 3 groups, and matured at 39ºC with 95-100% humidity and under a gas mixture of 5% O 2 , 5% CO 2 and 90% N 2 for 22, 24 and 26 hours. Modified Parker's Medium (MPM) supplemented with FSH and 20% ECS was used as maturation medium. At the end of these periods, oocytes (22 h.=122, 24 h.=143 and 26 h.=255) were taken into Tyrode-lactate medium supplemented with BSA, heparin and PHE, and frozen-thawed bull semen was add after swim-up procedure (10µ[email protected] spermatozoa/30-35 oocytes). Oocytes matured in 3 …

A Study On Some Biological Characteristics Of Barbus Plebejus Escherichi Steindachner, 1897 In The Bafra-Altınkaya Dam Lake (Samsun, Turkey), Recep Bi̇rcan, Sebahattin Ergün

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This research was carried out from November 1992 to November 1993 in the Altinkaya Dam Lake of Bafra of Samsun province. During the study, totally 236 Barbus plebejus escherichi Steindachner, 1987 were examined. The purpose of the present study was to determine some biological features such as age and size composition, length-weight relationship, growth rates. The age composition of specimens ranged from II to VI and age-group IV. was maximum with ratio of 52.54%. The percentages were calculated as 62.82% for females and 37.18% for males in the stock. The determined minumum and maximum fork length were 196 and 404 …

Synapsis: Philadelphia Campus (1998), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

All Yearbooks

This yearbook covers Clubs, A Capella, American College Of Osteopathic Family Practitioners, ACOFP, Ballroom Dance, Community Of Italian American Osteopaths, CIAO, Christian Medical And Dental Society, CMDS, Emergency Medicine, Geriatrics, Internal Medicine, Lambda Omicron Gamma, LOG, (ΛΟΓ) , Obstetrics And Gynecology, Pathology, Pediatrics, Phi Sigma Gamma, PhSG, (ΦΣΓ), Physicians For Social Responsibility, (PSR), Women's Rugby, Men's Rugby, Sigma Sigma Phi, SSPh, (ΣΣΦ), Student National Medical Association, SNMA, Student Osteopathic Medical Association, SOMA, Student Council, Class Officers, Surgery, Undergraduate American Academy Of Osteopathy, UAOO, Volleyball

Mycobacterium Bovis In Coyotes From Michigan, Colleen S. Bruning-Fann, Stephen M. Schmitt, Scott D. Fitzgerald, Janet B. Payeur, Diana L. Whipple, Thomas M. Cooley, Thomas Carlson, Paul Friedrich

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

During a survey for tuberculosis in wild carnivores and omnivores, Mycobacteriurn bovis was cultured from pooled lymph nodes of three adult female coyotes (Canis latrans) harvested by hunters in Michigan (USA). No gross or histologic lesions suggestive of tuberculosis were seen in these animals. One coyote was taken from Montmorency county and two coyotes from Alcona county located in the northeastern portion of Michigan’s Lower Peninsula where free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) have been found infected with bovine tuberculosis. It is thought that these coyotes became infected with M. bovis through the consumption of tuberculous deer. …

Kronos [1998], State University Of New York At Stony Brook, School Of Medicine

Kronos (School of Medicine)

This edition of Kronos, published in 1998, is the official yearbook of the State University of New York at Stony Brook, School of Medicine. Hard-bound.

Application Of Hierarchical Monte Carlo Simulation To The Estimation Of Human Exposure To Mercury Via Consumption Of King Mackerel (Scomberomorus Cavalla), W. Leonard Balthis

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Data from mercury poisoning episodes in Japan and Iraq have been used to derive threshold levels for health effects in humans, and the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established a reference dose (RfD) for methylmercury of 0.30 µg/kg/day. It is desirable, therefore, to predict exposures for various populations, and examine these exposures in relation to the established RfD. Given data on mercury concentrations in fish, and rates of fish consumption among human populations, it is possible to calculate exposure in one of several ways. One of the simplest ways involves the use of average values to compute a …

Eating Induced By Perifornical Camp Is Behaviorally Selective And Involves Protein Kinase Activity, Gillard, Arshad Khan, Bara Mouradi, Omkar Nalamwar, B. Stanley

Departmental Papers (Biology)

No abstract provided.