Digital Commons Network^™

Hinderin, A Five-Domains Protein Including Coiled-Coil Motifs That Binds To Smc3., Chirag A Patel, Giancarlo Ghiselli

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The structural maintenance of chromosome proteins SMC1 and SMC3 play an important role in the maintenance of chromosomal integrity by preventing the premature separation of the sister chromatids at the onset of anaphase. The two proteins are constitutive components of the multimeric complex cohesin and form dimers by interacting at their central globular regions. RESULTS: In order to identify proteins that by binding to SMC3 may interfere with the protein dimerization process, a human cDNA library was screened by the yeast two-hybrid system by using the hinge region of SMC3 as bait. This has lead to the identification of …

Palm Is Expressed In Both Developing And Adult Mouse Lens And Retina., Meryl Castellini, Louise V Wolf, Bharesh K Chauhan, Deni S Galileo, Manfred W Kilimann, Ales Cvekl, Melinda K Duncan

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Paralemmin (Palm) is a prenyl-palmitoyl anchored membrane protein that can drive membrane and process formation in neurons. Earlier studies have shown brain preferred Palm expression, although this protein is a major water insoluble protein in chicken lens fiber cells and the Palm gene may be regulated by Pax6. METHODS: The expression profile of Palm protein in the embryonic, newborn and adult mouse eye as well as dissociated retinal neurons was determined by confocal immunofluorescence. The relative mRNA levels of Palm, Palmdelphin (PalmD) and paralemmin2 (Palm2) in the lens and retina were determined by real time rt-PCR. RESULTS: In the …

Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields: A New Stimulus To Activate Intracellular Signaling, Stephen J. Beebe, Karl H. Schoenbach

Bioelectrics Publications

When new technologies are introduced into the scientific community, controversy is expected and both excitement and disappointment enrich the lives of those who initiate the new ideas. It becomes the mission of the “inventors” to embrace the burden of proof to establish their ideas and convince the skeptics and disbelievers who will undoubtedly temper their enthusiasm and test their patience. While open mindedness is generally a scientific motto, those who review patents, manuscripts, and grants do not always readily practice it, even when the evidence is convincingly presented; old ideas and concepts often die hard. So it has been and …

Malaria Infection Increases Attractiveness Of Humans To Mosquitoes, Renaud Lacroix, Wolfgang R. Mukabana, Louis Clement Gouagna, Jacob C. Koella

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Do malaria parasites enhance the attractiveness of humans to the parasite's vector? As such manipulation would have important implications for the epidemiology of the disease, the question has been debated for many years. To investigate the issue in a semi-natural situation, we assayed the attractiveness of 12 groups of three western Kenyan children to the main African malaria vector, the mosquito Anopheles gambiae. In each group, one child was uninfected, one was naturally infected with the asexual (non-infective) stage of Plasmodium falciparum, and one harboured the parasite's gametocytes (the stage transmissible to mosquitoes). The children harbouring gametocytes attracted about twice …

Medium From Irradiated Cells Induces A Dose Dependent Expression Of Mitochondrial Changes And Bcl2 Responses In Unirradiated Human Keratinocytes, Paula Maguire, Carmel Mothersill, C. Seymour, Fiona Lyng

Articles

Exposure of unirradiated human keratinocytes to irradiated cell conditioned medium (ICCM) is known to cause a cascade of events that leads to reproductive death and apoptosis. This study investigates the effect of ICCM on clonogenic survival, mitochondrial mass and BCL2 expression in unirradiated keratinocytes. Exposure to 5 mGy, 0.5 Gy and 5 Gy ICCM resulted in a significant decrease in clonogenic survival. Human keratinocytes incubated with ICCM containing an antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine, showed no significant decrease in clonogenic survival. HPV-G cells incubated with ICCM containing a caspase 9 inhibitor showed no significant decrease in clonogenic survival when the ICCM dose was …

Genetic Networks Controlling Retinal Injury, Felix R Vazquez-Chona, Amna N Khan, Chun K Chan, Anthony N Moore, Pramod K Dash, M Rosario Hernandez, Lu Lu, Elissa J Chesler, Kenneth F Manly, Robert W Williams, Eldon E Geisert

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: The present study defines genomic loci underlying coordinate changes in gene expression following retinal injury.

METHODS: A group of acute phase genes expressed in diverse nervous system tissues was defined by combining microarray results from injury studies from rat retina, brain, and spinal cord. Genomic loci regulating the brain expression of acute phase genes were identified using a panel of BXD recombinant inbred (RI) mouse strains. Candidate upstream regulators within a locus were defined using single nucleotide polymorphism databases and promoter motif databases.

RESULTS: The acute phase response of rat retina, brain, and spinal cord was dominated by transcription …

Ebola: A Significant Threat As An Infectious Disease, And As A Potential Bioterrorism Agent, Çağatay Üstün, Özge Özgürler

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Identification Of A Novel Frameshift Mutation [Codon 3 (+T)] In A Turkish Patient With \Beta-Thalassemia Intermedia, Özlem Güzeloğlu Kayişli, İbrahi̇m Keser, Duran Canatan, Ahter Şanlioğlu, Osman Ni̇dai̇ Özeş, Güven Lüleci̇

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

ZELOĞLU KAYIŞLI^1, İbrahim KESER^1, Duran CANATAN^2, Ahter ŞANLIOĞLU^1, Osman Nidai ÖZEŞ^1, Güven LÜLECİ^1 ^1Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Akdeniz University, Antalya - Turkey ^2Antalya State Hospital, Thalassemia Center, Antalya - Turkey

Implementing Best Practice Protocols For Occupational Hygiene Monitoring, Hayden Wing

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This thesis outlines the results of an occupational hygiene monitoring program implemented at Minara Resources' Murrin Murrin mine site. The research was conducted as part of a collaborative agreement between Edith Cowan University and Minara Resources, the title of which was "Establishing best practice protocols in the management of occupational and environmental health in a high risk mining and ore processing environment". To form the basis of this research it was hypothesised that chemical hazards had not been adequately identified, that existing occupational hygiene monitoring programs did not adequately quantify employee exposures to these hazards, and that the implementation of …

The Effect Of Antioxidant Supplementation On Human Sperm Cryopreservation, Katrina E. Taylor

Theses : Honours

Semen cryopreservation has an important role in assisted reproductive technology however, the cooling, freezing and thawing processes often result in a significant loss of sperm motility, viability and nuclear integrity. The destructive effects of cryopreservation are significantly exacerbated in samples exhibiting low sperm number and poor morphological characteristics. Recent research into infertility has focused on the correlation between excessive oxidation and subfertility, in particular radical induced lipid peroxidation within the phospholipid bilayer of the spermatozoon plasma membrane and the promotion of cellular damage as a result of antioxidant insufficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of …

Development Of A Generic Critical Appraisal Tool By Consensus: Presentation Of First Round Delphi Survey Results, Jeannie Burnett, Karen Grimmer, Saravana Kumar

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

The growing importance of evidence based practice is necessitating academics and clinicians to be able to make judgments about the quality of the body of research evidence pertaining to clinical questions. There are numerous critical appraisal tools to assist this process. These are mostly designed for specific research designs, and tend not to reflect the particular concerns of allied health professionals, such as accuracy of diagnosis, adequate description of intervention, and sensitivity and utility of outcome measures. This paper reports the findings of a study which sought expert opinion on the essential criteria for critical appraisal, and whether a generic …

Home: A Concept Analysis With Application Of The Concept To Experiences Of Individuals With Serious And Persistent Mental Illness, Corinne A. Overmyer

Masters Theses

The purpose of this paper was to explore and define the concept of home through an extensive review of the literature. The concept analysis framework of Walker and Avant (1995) was used to structure the paper and the theories of Johnson (1980) and Maslow (1954) were used for operationalization. The literature search examined characteristics of home applicable to all individuals. The concept’s defining attributes were discovered and applied to the home experiences of those living with serious and persistent mental illness. Homes were evaluated to assess for attribute presence and to determine if the homes were model, borderline, or contrary. …

Reproductive Biology Of The Common Cuttlefish Sepia Officinalis L. (Sepiida: Cephalopoda) In The Aegean Sea, Bahadir Önsoy, Alp Salman

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The common cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) is known as one of the economically important species in the classis Cephalopoda. In this study, from October 2000 to April 2002, 674 cuttlefish were collected monthly from the surroundings of Homa lagoon (in the Aegean Sea). In order to determine reproductive behaviors and spawning season of S. officinalis species, the gonad stages of both sexes and the seasonal gonadosomatic index values were determined. It was observed that the spawning period of S. officinalis covers the whole year with two maximum peaks in March and June.

Some Parameters Of The Population Biology Of Spotted Flounder (Citharus Linguatula Linnaeus, 1758) In Edremit Bay (North Aegean Sea), Di̇lek Türker Çakir, Bahar Bayhan, Belgi̇n Hoşsucu, Aydin Ünlüoğlu, Sencer Akalin

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A total of 1096 spotted flounder (Citharus linguatula Linnaeus, 1758) were caught in Edremit Bay from September 1998 to September 2000. Length-weight relationships, age, growth, mortality and sex ratio of the samples were investigated. Within the population of this species, most of the individuals in our samples ranged from 100 to 160 mm (69.63%), the minimum and maximum total lengths of the specimens being 69 and 222 mm, respectively. Positive allometric growth was observed for male, female and all fish. Age distribution of the samples was from I to IV. There was no significant difference between observed and calculated (von …

International Trade Agreements: Vehicle For Better Public Health?, David P. Fidler, Jason Sapsin, Ann Marie Kimball

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

First Documentation Of Combinatorial Song Syntax In A Suboscine Passerine Species, Daniel Leger

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Birds with songs having two or more acoustically distinct elements can arrange them either rigidly (i.e., in the same sequence) or flexibly. Flexible song syntax can be achieved either by varying the number of repetitions of elements or by combining elements in different ways. Combinatorial syntax has been documented only in the songs of oscine passerines and in one nonpasserine, but not in the suboscine passerines. Dawn and day songs of a tyrant flycatcher, the Flammulated Attila (Attila flammulatus), were recorded in Costa Rica. Flexible syntax was noted in both dawn and day song. Attilas not only varied …

Cooperative Brains: Psychological Constraints On The Evolution Of Altruism, Jeffrey R. Stevens, Marc D. Hauser

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Imagine an individual called "hunter" that expends a good deal of energy to capture a gazelle. As the hunter is consuming his small prey, a second individual called "recipient" approaches and begins feeding peacefully alongside the hunter. A few weeks later the roles reverse, such that the previous recipient has now captured a gazelle, and the previous hunter is taking advantage of the recipient's hard work. Could the hunter and recipient be Maasai warriors? Is it equally likely that they are common chimpanzees, African lions, or Nile crocodiles? All of these species hunt gazelle and live in groups, so why …

Evolving The Psychological Mechanisms For Cooperation, Jeffrey R. Stevens, Fiery A. Cushman, Marc D. Hauser

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Cooperation is common across nonhuman animal taxa, from the hunting of large game in lions to the harvesting of building materials in ants. Theorists have proposed a number of models to explain the evolution of cooperative behavior. These ultimate explanations, however, rarely consider the proximate constraints on the implementation of cooperative behavior. Here we review several types of cooperation and propose a suite of cognitive abilities required for each type to evolve. We propose that several types of cooperation, though theoretically possible and functionally adaptive, have not evolved in some animal species because of cognitive constraints. We argue, therefore, that …

Replication And Encapsidation Of Papillomaviruses In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Peter C. Angeletti

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Improvements in methodologies to recapitulate and study particular biological functions of the

papillomavirus life cycle have led to great advances in our knowledge of these viruses. Described in

this chapter are techniques that allow low-copy and high-copy replication of full-length human

papillomavirus (HPV) genomes, as well as assembly of virus-like particles, in Saccharomyces

cerevisiae (yeast). This system has several distinct advantages that make it an attractive complement

to the well-established raft-culturing system. First, yeast are inexpensive, rapid, and simple to culture

in the lab. Second, they provide an ever-widening array of genetic tools to analyze HPV functions

—most recently notable, …

Latency-Related Gene Encoded By Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Promotes Virus Growth And Reactivation From Latency In Tonsils Of Infected Calves, Sandra Perez, Melissa Inman, Alan R. Doster, Clinton J. Jones

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Infection of calves with bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) results in transient immunosuppression that may lead to bacterium-induced pneumonia and, occasionally, death. Although sensory neurons in the trigeminal ganglia (TG) are the primary site of BHV-1 latency, viral genomes are detected in the tonsils of latently infected calves. Dexamethasone (DEX) consistently induces reactivation from latency, and viral gene expression is detected in TG and tonsils. In sensory neurons of latently infected calves, the latency-related (LR) gene is abundantly expressed and is required for reactivation from latency. In the present study, we compared the abilities of wild-type (wt) BHV-1 and a strain …

Factors Associated With The Presence Of Coliforms In The Feed And Water Of Feedlot Cattle, Michael W. Sanderson, Jan M. Sargeant, David G. Renter, Dicky Dee Griffin, Robert A. Smith

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to investigate coliform counts in feedlot cattle water and feed rations and their associations with management, climate, fecal material, and water Escherichia coli O157 using a cross-sectional study design. Coliform counts were performed on feed samples from 671 pens on 70 feedlots and on water samples from 702 pens on 72 feedlots in four U.S. states collected between May and August 2001. Management and climate factors were obtained by survey and observation. Month of sampling (higher in May and June), presence of corn silage in the ration (negative association), temperature of the feed 1 …

Role Of The Hypervariable Hinge Region Of Phosphoprotein P Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus In Viral Rna Synthesis And Assembly Of Infectious Virus Particles, Subash C. Das, Asit K. Pattnaik

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The phosphoprotein (P protein) of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is an essential subunit of the viral RNAdependent RNA polymerase and has multiple functions residing in its different domains. In the present study, we examined the role of the hypervariable hinge region of P protein in viral RNA synthesis and recovery of infectious VSV by using transposon-mediated insertion mutagenesis and deletion mutagenesis. We observed that insertions of 19-amino-acid linker sequences at various positions within this region affected replication and transcription functions of the P protein to various degrees. Interestingly, one insertion mutant was completely defective in both transcription and replication. Using …

Development And Pathogenesis Of Parelaphostrongylus Odocoilei (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae) In Experimentally Infected Thinhorn Sheep (Ovis Dalli), Emily J. Jenkins, Eric P. Hoberg, L. Polley

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Recently, the protostrongylid nematode Parelaphostrongylus odocoilei has been reported in a new host species, thinhorn sheep (Ovis dalli). For the first time, we completed the life cycle of P. odocoilei in three Stone’s sheep (O. dalli stonei) and two thinhorn hybrids (O. dalli stonei × O. dalli dalli), each infected with 200 third-stage larvae from slugs (Deroceras laeve). The prepatent period ranged from 68 days to 74 days, and shedding of first-stage larvae (L1) peaked at >10,000 L1 per gram of feces between 90 and 110 days postinfection. A total of 75, …

From International Sanitary Conventions To Global Health Security: The New International Health Regulations, David P. Fidler

Articles by Maurer Faculty

In May 2005, the World Health Organization adopted the new International Health Regulations (IHR), which constitute one of the most radical and far-reaching changes to international law on public health since the beginning of international health cooperation in the mid-nineteenth century. This article comprehensively analyses the new IHR by examining the history of international law on infectious disease control, the IHR revision process, the substantive changes contained in the new IHR and concerns regarding the future of the new IHR. The article demonstrates why the new IHR constitute a seminal event in the relationship between international law and public health …

Definition Of Target Antigens For Naturally Occurring Cd4+ Cd25+ Regulatory T Cells, Hiroyoshi Nishikawa, Takuma Kato, Isao Tawara, Kanako Saito, Hiroaki Ikeda, Kagemasa Kuribayashi, Paul M. Allen, Robert D. Schreiber, Shimon Sakaguchi, Lloyd J. Old, Hiroshi Shiku

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Students' Knowledge Regarding The Dynamics Of Hpv At Secular And Christian Colleges, Joann Timberlake, Sarah Mayer, Stephanie Callister, Sheri Cook, Kim Hamilton

Loma Linda University Research Reports

Purpose: No studies have been identified that analyze the association between religious affiliation and college students' awareness of human papillomavirus (HPV) and its possible consequences. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between knowledge of HPV and the type of college (Christian or secular) a student attends. Methods: The study sample included 195 college students, 18 years of age or older, attending either La Sierra University, Loma Linda University, San Bernardino Valley College, or University of La Verne. The survey assessed six areas of know ledge of HPV including general know ledge, natural history and symptoms, risk …

Obesity And The Struggle Within Ourselves, Maxwell Gregg Bloche

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

The author argues that we ought to treat our eating, exercise habits, and girth as personal matters, for the most part, but that law can and should make a contribution, as an ally of our longer-term will against our immediate cravings. Law can be our ally in this fashion without command-and-control intrusion into our private lives. Such intrusion is at odds with our core beliefs and unlikely to produce public health success. It is more likely to provoke popular backlash--one reason why some who stand to gain from our unhealthy dining choices try to cast government efforts to inform these …

Mouse Cytomegalovirus M33 Is Necessary And Sufficient In Virus-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration, Ryan Melnychuk, Patsy Smith, Craig N. Kreklywich, Franziska Ruchti, Jennifer Totonchy, Laurel Hall, Lambert Loh, Jay A. Nelson, Susan L. Orloff, Daniel N. Streblow

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) encodes two potential seven-transmembrane-spanning proteins with homologies to cellular chemokine receptors, M33 and M78. While these virus-encoded chemokine receptors are necessary for the in vivo pathogenesis of MCMV, the function of these proteins is unknown. Since vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration is of critical importance for the development of atherosclerosis and other vascular diseases, the ability of M33 to promote SMC motility was assessed. Similar to human CMV, MCMV induced the migration of mouse aortic SMCs but not mouse fibroblasts. To demonstrate whether M33 was required for MCMV-induced SMC migration, we employed interfering-RNA technology to specifically …

Quality Control During Aminoacyl-Trna Synthesis, M. Praetorius-Ibba, S. Ataide, C. Hausmann, J. Levengood, J. Ling, S. Wang, H. Roy, Michael Ibba

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

The fidelity of translation is determined at two major points: the accuracy of aminoacyl-tRNA selection by the ribosomes and synthesis of cognate amino acid/tRNA pairs by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) in the course of the aminoacylation reaction. The most important point in aminoacylation is the accurate recognition of cognate substrates coupled with discrimination of non-cognates. While this is generally accomplished by a single enzyme, we have recently found that discrimination against lysine analogues requires the existence of two unrelated lysyl-tRNA synthetases. For other amino acids, initial recognition is not sufficiently accurate with errors being corrected by an intrinsic editing activity. Recent …

Prenatal Stress And Stress Physiology Influences Human Fetal And Infant Development, Elyssia Poggi Davis, Calvin J. Hobel, Curt A. Sandman, Laura M. Glynn, Pathik D. Wadhwa

Psychology Faculty Books and Book Chapters

"Prenatal stress has been proposed as a risk factor that may have developmental consequences persisting throughout the lifespan. Exposing rodents to stress during pregnancy has consequences for brain development, stress regulation, learning, emotionality (increased anxiety), and social behavior (increased withdrawal) of the offspring (Weinstock, 2001; Chapillon et al., 2002). Additionally, non-human primates who experience stress during pregnancy have offspring with enhanced behavioral reactivity to stressors later in life (Clarke et al., 1994), lowered levels of motor behavior (Schneider, 1992), compromised neuromotor responses (Schneider and Coe, 1993), irritable temperament (Schneider et al., 1992), and attentional problems (Schneider et …