Digital Commons Network^™

Oral Healthcare In Kenya: Implications For Dental Hygiene Care, Grace Kogi

Dental Hygiene Master's Papers and Projects

This paper is a review of literature describing the educational, healthcare delivery and healthcare finance systems in Kenya. The document discusses the unmet oral health needs of the Kenyan population and how implementing the role of the dental hygienist would positively impact oral health promotion throughout the country. Kenyan communities experience all of the major environmental determinants of oral disease, e.g., widespread poverty, underdevelopment, outdated dental equipment, insufficient supply and distribution of qualified dental care professionals and lack of preventive oral health services. About six in ten Kenyans are unable to afford healthcare, clothing, or food; therefore, oral healthcare has …

Argument Structure Effects In Action Verb Naming In Static And Dynamic Conditions, Dirk B. Den Ouden, Steve Fix, Todd B. Parrish, Cynthia K. Thompson

Faculty Publications

Argument structure, as in the participant roles entailed within the lexical representation of verbs, affects verb processing. Recent neuroimaging studies show that when verbs are heard or read, the posterior temporoparietal region shows increased activation for verbs with greater versus lesser argument structure complexity, usually bilaterally. In addition, patients with agrammatic aphasia show verb production deficits, graded based on argument structure complexity. In the present study, we used fMRI to examine the neural correlates of verb production in overt action naming conditions. In addition, we tested the differential effects of naming when verbs were presented dynamically in video segments versus …

Automated Identification Of Relative Clauses In Child Language Samples, Hali Anne Michaelis

Theses and Dissertations

Previously existing computer analysis programs have been unable to correctly identify many complex syntactic structures thus requiring further manual analysis by the clinician. Complex structures, including the relative clause, are of interest in child language samples due to the difference in development between children with and without language impairment. The purpose of this study was to assess the comparability of results from a new automated program, Cx, to results from manual identification of relative clauses. On language samples from 10 children with language impairment (LI), 10 language matched peers (LA), and 10 chronologically age matched peers (CA), a computerized analysis …

Age-Related Differences In Reaction Time Task Performance In Young Children, Sergey Kiselev, Kimberly A. Espy, Tiffany Sheffield

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory: Faculty Publications

Performance of reaction time (RT) tasks was investigated in young children and adults to test the hypothesis that age-related differences in processing speed supersede a “global” mechanism and are a function of specific differences in task demands and processing requirements. The sample consisted of 54 4-year-olds, 53 5-year-olds, 59 6-year-olds, and 35 adults from Russia. Using the regression approach pioneered by Brinley and the transformation method proposed by Madden and colleagues and Ridderinkhoff and van der Molen, age-related differences in processing speed differed among RT tasks with varying demands. In particular, RTs differed between children and adults on tasks that …

The Not-So-Safe Drinking Water Act: Why We Must Regulate Hydraulic Fracturing At The Federal Level, Angela C. Cupas

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

No abstract provided.

Psychometrically Equivalent Trisyllabic Words For Speech Reception Threshold Testing In Spanish, Laurel Anne Keller

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to develop, digitally record, evaluate, and equate Spanish trisyllabic words which could then be used in the measurement of the speech reception threshold. A selection of 90 frequently utilized trisyllabic words were selected and then digitally recorded by male and female talkers of Spanish and presented to 20 subjects with normal hearing beginning at 6 dB below their pure-tone average (PTA) and ascending in 2 dB increments until one of the following criteria had been met: (a) the participant responded correctly to 100% of the test items, or (b) the presentation level reached 16 …

Videoing As A Teaching And Learning Tool In An Undergraduate Nursing Curriculum, Selma Alliex, Karen Clark-Burg, Annie Das

Nursing Conference Papers

This conference addressed a range of critically important themes related to nursing education. It was designed to bring together nursing educators from across the globe, who are proactive in providing innovative educational practice to meet the changing needs of nursing; nursing students and healthcare personnel.

Bachelor Of Health Science-College Of Allied Health And Nursing 2009, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Occupational Therapy Program 2009, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Average Annual Reading Growth Rate Progress Of Children Who Are Deaf, Use A Cochlear Implant And Attend An Auditory-Oral School, Robyn Kirk

Independent Studies and Capstones

Reading growth rate averages were established for children who are deaf, have a unilateral cochlear implant and attend an auditory-oral school.

Identification Of Effective Outreach Methods For Mental Health Services To The Hispanic Population, Nidia Yamileth Canello

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this study was to find effective outreach methods to the Hispanic population to empower them to seek mental health services when they need them. Hispanics seek mental health services at a lower rate than mainstream America. This community is the most rapidly growing in San Bernardino County, and lack of early intervention when necessary may have costly consequences to Hispanics and society as a whole.

Occupational Health And Safety Status Of Indigenous And Latino Farmworkers In Oregon, Stephanie Farquhar, Nancy M. Goff, Nargess Shadbeh, Julie Samples, Santiago Ventura, Valentin Sanchez, Pamela Rao, Shelley Davis

Community Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Exposure to pesticides poses great risk to agricultural workers and their families. Of the approximately 174,000 agricultural workers in Oregon, studies estimate that up to 40% of the workers in Oregon are indigenous and may be particularly vulnerable to the health risks of working in pesticide treated areas. Surveys conducted with Oregon farmworkers suggest that Latino and indigenous farmworkers differ demographically and may have diverse occupational and health needs. All Latino workers reported Spanish as their native language, while indigenous workers spoke several different native languages. Latino workers were employed mostly in orchards (28%) and nurseries (24%), while indigenous workers …

Ethics And Euthanasia, Bernard E. Rollin

Animal Welfare Collection

No abstract provided.

Novel Word Learning Of Children With Hearing Impairment And Children With Typical Hearing, Matthew R. Clark

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Children with hearing impairment may be at risk for reading difficulty due, in part, to delayed vocabulary development. However, advances in amplification technology, most notably cochlear implant technology, make it possible for children with profound hearing loss to acquire oral language. This study asked if novel word learning differed between children with typical hearing and those with severe to profound hearing loss who either wore hearing aids or had cochlear implants. Children learned nonsense words as names for Beanie Babies during a play scenario and were later asked to identify and name each Beanie Baby using its correct nonsense word …

Judgments Of Omitted Be And Do In Questions As Extended Finiteness Clinical Markers Of Sli To Fifteen Years: A Study Of Growth And Asymptote, Mabel L. Rice, Lesa Hoffman, Ken Wexler

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Purpose—Clinical grammar markers are needed for children with SLI older than 8 years. This study followed children studied earlier on sentences with omitted finiteness to determine if affected children continue to perform at low levels and to examine possible predictors of low performance. This is the first longitudinal report of grammaticality judgments of questions.

Method—Three groups of children participated: 20 SLI, 20 age controls and 18 language-matched controls, followed from ages 6–15 years. An experimental grammaticality judgment task was administered with BE copula/auxiliary and DO auxiliary in Wh- and Yes/No questions for 9 times of measurement. Predictors were indices of …

Children's Behavioral Traits And Risk Of Injury: Analyses From A Case-Control Study Of Agricultural Households, Kathleen F. Carlson, Susan G. Gerberich, Bruce H. Alexander, Ann S. Masten, Timothy R. Church, John M. Shutske, Andrew D. Ryan, Colleen M. Renier

United States Public Health Resources

Problem: Children on family agricultural operations have high risk of injury. The association between children's behavioral traits and their risk of injury is not well understood. Method: Data from the Regional Rural Injury Study-II were used to assess behavioral risk factors for injury to children ages six to <20 years. A total of 379 injury events (cases) and 1,562 randomly selected controls were identified. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), calculated using logistic regression, were used to estimate injury risk in reference to behavioral traits. Results: Injury risks were greater for children with high levels of depressive symptoms (OR=1.9, CI=1.0-3.7) and aggression (OR=1.6, CI=0.9-2.7), and low levels of careful/cautious behavior (OR=1.8, CI=1.1-2.9). Children with low levels of self-regulation had reduced risks (OR=0.4, CI=0.2-0.8). Discussion: Results suggest that children's behaviors affect their risk of agricultural injury. Additional research …

Examining Conversational Constraints In Vietnamese Patient-Doctor Communication: A Case Study, Kimberly Tran

XULAneXUS

The purpose of this study was to determine the use of conversational constraints among older members of the New Orleans Vietnamese community within the primary healthcare context. A purposive sample of seven Vietnamese male and five Vietnamese female immigrants between the ages of 47 and 80 was interviewed. Conversational constraints were evident in the responses relating to communication with physicians. The respondents emphasized relational conversational constraints such as minimal imposition on the physician’s autonomy, prevention of hurting the physician’s feelings, and prevention of negative evaluation by the physician. Conversely, task-oriented conversational constraints such as concern for clarity and effectiveness were …

Conceptualizing Spatial Relations In Flight Training, Edwin Hutchins, Will Newsome, Christina Middleton

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

In the aviation human factors literature, situation awareness (SA) is usually described as arising from disembodied mental processes. Action has virtually no role in current theories of SA. This disembodied view is out of step with contemporary theories that take cognitive processes to be distributed, situated, and above all, embodied. This shift in theory suggests that SA ought to be an embodied phenomenon, and given the highly spatial nature of SA, it would be quite surprising to discover that the body did not play a key role in the construction, elaboration, and maintenance of SA. In this paper we examine …

System Of Care Implementation, Robert M. Friedman, Paul E. Greenbaum, Wei Wang, Krista Kutash, Roger A. Boothroyd

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

For almost 25 years now, a major policy emphasis in children’s mental health at the federal level and within most states has been the development of community-based systems of care. There have been many meetings and conferences about this, training and technical assistance material has been provided, and written material has been prepared, and a federal grant program, the Children’s Mental Health Initiative (CMHI) has now provided funding to over 100 grantees for the development of such systems of care.

The Application Of Visual Phonics And Phonological Awareness Interventions To Address Language Impairment In Preschool Children, Jodi Dyke

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of two phonological awareness interventions on the development of auditory comprehension, expressive language, semantics, and syntax. Specifically, the study examined the effect of phonological awareness intervention integrated with See the Sound/Visual Phonics hand cues versus only phonological awareness intervention. Twenty-seven children identified as speech and/or language delayed were assigned to one of three groups that received (a) phonological awareness instruction, (b) phonological awareness instruction coupled with visual phonics hand cues, or (c) no intervention. Seven children were designated as a control group and twenty were placed in one of two …

2009- 2010 Unlv Mcnair Journal, Kathleen Bell, Danetta Bradley, Vacheral M. Carter, Nydia Diaz, Kathryn E. English, Sarah Harrison, Michelle Israel, Christina Macke, Erica Orozco, Pilar Palos, Sandra Ramos, Soraya A. Silverman, Susan Taylor, Sajar Camara, William Mccurdy, Yvonne C. Morris, Maxym V. Myroshnychenko, Ricardo Rios, Monique Sulls, Bremen Vance, Barbara Wallen

McNair Journal

Journal articles based on research conducted by undergraduate students in the McNair Scholars Program

Table of Contents

Biography of Dr. Ronald E. McNair

Statements:

Dr. Neal J. Smatresk, UNLV President

Dr. Juanita P. Fain, Vice President of Student Affairs

Dr. William W. Sullivan, Associate Vice President for Retention and Outreach

Mr. Keith Rogers, Deputy Executive Director of the Center for Academic Enrichment and Outreach

McNair Scholars Institute Staff

Convergence In Human Dialogues Time Series Analysis Of Acoustic Feature, Spyros Kousidis, David Dorran, Ciaran Mcdonnell, Eugene Coyle

Conference papers

Convergence of acoustic/prosodic (a/p) features between two speakers is a well-known property of human dialogue. It has been suggested that this particular aspect of human interaction should be implemented in spoken dialogue systems, so that they can be perceived as more “humanlike”. This paper presents a quantitative analysis method that can provide information required for modeling the phenomenon of convergence. The analysis is a combination of TAMA, a previously introduced data extraction method, and bivariate time series analysis. Results show significant correlation of a/p features between speaker dyads in the recorded dialogues analyzed, and indicate a significant,amount of feedback, which …

Work-Family Conflict And Psychological Distress In U.S. Latino Mothers And Fathers : The Moderating Effects Of Familismo And Gender, Ingrid Vanessa Rodriguez

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Conflicts between work and family domains have been found to negatively affect physical and psychological wellbeing. In studies with European Americans, the relationship between work-family conflict and psychological distress appears to be comparable across gender; however, research with Latinos has found that women experienced significantly more work-family conflict than men. The majority of the work-family literature has focused on work variables that contribute to or reduce work-family conflict and distress; thus, the beneficial aspects of family have been largely ignored. There is some evidence to suggest that a supportive family life could have positive effects on the work domain, thereby …

Biomonitoring For Exposure To Trace Elements In Utero : Analysis Of The Human Placenta, Pamela Catherine Kruger

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The placenta forms in eutherian mammals, and is responsible for the nutrition of the developing fetus. However, maternal exposure to environmental pollutants both before and during pregnancy may result in the passage of toxins through the placental barrier and into fetal tissues. The placenta is the only organ derived from both maternal and fetal tissues, and establishes a link between the fetus and the environmental exposures of the mother. The analysis of placentae for the presence of environmental pollutants offers the possibility of exposure measurements in both the mother and the developing fetus. Specifically, trace element determination in human placentae …

Hegemony Of The West And The Librarian’S Role In The Struggle Against Hiv/Aids In Africa, Emy Nelson Decker

Collaborative Librarianship

Africa needs information about HIV/AIDS. Librarian activists have a duty to organize, repackage, and circulate HIV/AIDS information. Unfortunately, this has led in some cases to an unintentional assertion of cultural hegemony, which operates invisibly to those who are part of the “dominant” or “dominating” culture. Unexamined assumptions of “superiority” have led to a bias that the West possesses the only correct method for codifying knowledge. The West cannot appropriately evaluate the successes or failures of HIV/AIDS education in Africa if it employs only American or Western ideas, categories, and sensibilities. This is detrimental to African people and cultures lacking the …

Demographic Data For Development: Ghana, Kofi Awusabo-Asare, Wendy Baldwin, Sarah Engebretsen

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The attempts of African countries to develop their economies and to democratize their political systems have led to a renewed interest in the use of demographic and socioeconomic data for decision-making and planning. This new direction calls for clear, timely, reliable, and relevant data. At the international level, initiatives such as the African Charter on Statistics, PARIS 21, and the Health Metrics Network have emerged to provide direction and technical support for strengthening initiatives and activities that harmonize measures and improve data collection processes. This report on Ghana is part of a four-country study involving Ethiopia, Ghana, Senegal, and Uganda. …

Adolescent Girls Programming And Capacity-Building Workshop, Nairobi, Kenya, November 10-14, 2008: Workshop Report, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Around the world, adolescent girls are disadvantaged by age and gender. Many are denied the skills and resources to protect and advance themselves. Adolescent girls are even more vulnerable to exploitive work, abuse, and limiting life options if they are poor. Adolescent girls are marginalized or entirely invisible in development policy, yet their role in communities and populations make them a critical asset to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). International donors and development partners have started to recognize the critical role adolescent girls play in achieving the MDGs. The purpose of the Adolescent Girls Programming and Capacity-building Workshop was …

Degree Of Vocal Handicap In Two Age Groups Of Individuals, Whitney N. Casey-Heatherman

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

A healthy, functional voice is a critical aspect of daily life, allowing the expression of basic needs as well as interaction within an individual’s community. Unfortunately, for many adults the voice declines in later life. The purpose of this study was to investigate how normal vocal aging affects the quality of life of the elderly. Two hundred two adults without voice disorders from two age groups (30-50 and 65-85) completed the Voice Handicap Index. Results indicated that the older group felt a greater degree of vocal handicap than the younger age group [F (1,156) = 4.944, p = 0.028]. Implications …

Lao Health And Adjustment In Southern New England Three Decades After The Secret War, Patrick F. Clarkin

Institute for Asian American Studies Publications

This study explored Lao life histories, health, and social adjustment in the southern New England states of Rhode Island and Connecticut. In addition, it sought to examine whether there was a correlation between war experiences early in life and health in adulthood, a finding reported in previous research on the Hmong, another ethnic group from Laos. Overall, 99 Lao adults born in Laos or Thailand (mean age 43.5 +/- 10.8 years) completed orally administered questionnaires and were measured for blood pressure and various anthropometric markers. Lao in this sample appeared to have higher than average educational back grounds in Laos, …

Laryngeal Level Amplitude Modulation In Vibrato, Christopher Dromey, Lorie Reese, J. Arden Hopkin

Faculty Publications

Objectives: The goal of this investigation was to test a new methodology for measuring amplitude modulation (AM) at the level of the vocal folds during vibrato in trained singers, because previous research has suggested that AM arises in large part as an acoustic epiphenomenon through an interaction of the harmonics in the laryngeal source with the resonances of the vocal tract as the fundamental frequency oscillates.
Study Design: A within-subjects model was used to compare vocal activity across three pitch and three loudness conditions.
Methods: Seventeen female singers with a range of training and experience were recorded with a microphone …