Digital Commons Network^™

Emotional, Behavioral, And Physical Health Consequences Of Loneliness In Young Adult Survivors Of Childhood Cancer: Results From The Childhood Cancer Survivor Study, Chiara Papini, Ameera A Fayad, Mingjuan Wang, Fiona S M Schulte, I-Chan Huang, Yu-Ping Chang, Rebecca M Howell, Deokumar Srivastava, Wendy M Leisenring, Gregory T Armstrong, Todd M Gibson, Leslie L Robison, Kevin C Oeffinger, Kevin R Krull, Tara M Brinkman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Young adults in the general population are at risk of experiencing loneliness, which has been associated with physical and mental health morbidities. The prevalence and consequences of loneliness in young adult survivors of childhood cancer remain unknown.

Methods: A total of 9664 young adult survivors of childhood cancer (median age at diagnosis 10.5 years [interquartile range (IQR), 5-15], 27.1 years at baseline [IQR, 23-32]) and 2221 siblings enrolled in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study completed a self-reported survey question assessing loneliness on the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 at baseline and follow-up (median follow-up, 6.6 years). Multivariable models evaluated the prevalence …

The Effect Of A Pharmaceutical Ghrelin Agonist On Lifespan In C57bl/6j Male Mice: A Controlled Experiment, Kathryn A Kaiser, Inga Kadish, Thomas Van Groen, Daniel L Smith, Stephanie Dickinson, Beate Henschel, Erik S Parker, Andrew W Brown, David B Allison

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Interventions for animal lifespan extension like caloric restriction (CR) have identified physiologic and biochemical pathways related to hunger and energy-sensing status as possible contributors, but mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Prior studies using ghrelin agonists show greater food intake but no effect on lifespan in rodent models. This experiment in male C57BL/6J mice tested the influence of ghrelin agonism for perceived hunger, in the absence of CR, on longevity. Mice aged 4 weeks were allowed to acclimate for 2 weeks prior to being assigned (N = 60/group). Prior to lights off daily (12:12 cycle), animals were fed a ghrelin …

Pilot Clinical Trial Of Macimorelin To Assess Safety And Efficacy In Patients With Cancer Cachexia, Megan Herodes, Lindsey J Anderson, Samuel Shober, Ellen A Schur, Solomon A Graf, Nicola Ammer, Ramiro Salas, Marco Marcelli, Jose M Garcia

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Cancer cachexia is associated with reduced body weight, appetite and quality of life (QOL) with no approved treatments. Growth hormone secretagogues like macimorelin have potential to mitigate these effects.

METHODS: This pilot study assessed the safety and efficacy of macimorelin for 1 week. Efficacy was defined a priori as 1-week change in body weight (≥0.8 kg), plasma insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 (≥50 ng/mL) or QOL (≥15%). Secondary outcomes included food intake, appetite, functional performance, energy expenditure and safety laboratory parameters. Patients with cancer cachexia were randomized to 0.5 or 1.0 mg/kg macimorelin or placebo; outcomes were assessed non-parametrically.

RESULTS: …

Penilaian Domain Pengkajian Paripurna Pasien Geriatri (P3g) Sebagai Faktor Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Kejadian Pneumonia Nosokomial Pada Pasien Usia Lanjut Yang Dirawat Di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Hildebrand Hanoch Victor, Edy Rizal Wahyudi, C. Martin Rumende, C. H. Soejono, A. G. Rooshoeroe, Hamzah Shatri, Leonard Nainggolan, Cosphiadi Irawan

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Nosocomial pneumonia is a lung infection that occurs after the patient is hospitalized for more than 48 hours, without any signs of pulmonary infection at the time of treatment. When compared with young individuals, elderly individuals are more likely to have community-sourced and nosocomial infections with worse outcomes. Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) domains are expected to explain the factors that contribute to nosocomial pneumonia in elderly patients. This study aimed to determine the proportion of elderly treated at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central General Hospital who experienced nosocomial pneumonia and whether the CGA domains influence the occurrence of nosocomial …

Impact Of Virtual Patient Education On Medication Adherence Among Geriatric Patients, Thomas Anmaria, Steby Mol Stephen, Sandy Crasta D, Mohamed Dharvees T, Pereira Prathibha, Madhan Ramesh, Sri Harsha Chalasani, Syed Jehath

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

Context: Virtual patient education for medication adherence can improve the health outcomes and reduce the hospital readmission. Aims: The study aim was to at assess the impact of virtual patient education on medication adherence. Settings and Design: A longitudinal interventional study was conducted in tertiary care hospital over a period of 6 months to assess the medication adherence amongst elderly using the medication adherence rating scale questionnaire.

Methods and Material: The impact of pharmacist-assisted patient counseling on medication adherence was assessed by reassessing the medication adherence with medication adherence rating scale questionnaire after educational intervention performed at selected time-intervals. Data …

A Cross Sectional Review: Effects Of Dehydration On Subdural Hematoma Risk In Athletes, Lina Nguyen

Yale School of Medicine Physician Associate Program Theses

Subdural hematomas are precedent to nearly all catastrophic head injuries in athletics, and are a leading cause of death and morbidity in sports. While known risk factors exist, cases still occur in young, healthy athletes without clear predisposition– occasionally without a precipitating traumatic event. Athletes are at increased susceptibility for dehydration, and the effects of inadequate fluid status on subdural risk is unknown. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between dehydration during athletic activity and subdural hematoma formation. We propose a cross-sectional study utilizing Yale New Haven Hospital electronic medical records, where we compare hydration status at emergency room …

Assessment Of Kamap Man Tru Men’S Health And Gender Program At Decreasing Partner To Partner Hiv/Aids Transmission In Papua New Guinea Deriving From Men’S Sexual And Reproductive Cultural Behaviors And Perceptions, Eliza Mabey

Health Sciences Student Scholarship

Papua New Guinea has the highest incidence and prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus in the Pacific. Men are more likely to die of AIDS-related illnesses, less likely to get HIV testing, and less likely to access antiretroviral therapy, than women. Initiatives such as the Kamap Man Tru Men’s Health and Gender Program educate members of PNG communities on sexual health, gender-based violence, and healthy relationships. Preventing HIV before it is transmitted is cost-effective, sustainable, and socio-culturally appropriate. Key determinants of the spread of HIV are clearly associated with gender, violence, and sexuality. As a result of Papua New Guinea’s cultural …

Make No Apologies: Fear Of Negative Evaluation, Depressive Symptoms, And The Mediating Role Of Accounting For Covid-Safe Behavior Amongst People At High-Risk For Severe Illness, John S. Seiter, Timothy Curran, Rebecca E. Elwood

Communication Studies and Philosophy Faculty Publications

With the goal of understanding unique and important threats to the mental health of people who are especially vulnerable to severe illness as a result of COVID-19, this study investigated associations between such individuals' fear of negative evaluation, tendency to "account for" practicing COVID-safe behaviors, and depressive symptoms. Grounded in perspectives on self-presentation, normative influence, and cognitive dissonance, we hypothesized that fear of negative evaluation would relate positively to accounting for COVID-safe behaviors, which, in turn, would associate positively with increased depressive symptoms. The results showed that increased fear of negative evaluation predicted an increased use of apologies and excuses, …

Supporting Caregivers Of The Aging Adult: A Program Evaluation, Tanya O'Brien

Student Scholarly Projects

There is an ever-increasing burden on caregivers of individuals with cognitive illness as a result of the increasing number of older adults with dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Currently, St. John's County Florida offers three programs designed to provide support for caregivers of individuals with cognitive illness. This project evaluated the three programs as part of a program evaluation to determine the efficacy of program selection for sustainability. Utilizing the Center for Disease Control's (CDC) Program Evaluation Framework (PEF), a detailed and thorough evaluation review of the Power Tools for Caregivers, Savvy Caregiver, and an original three-model program developed by the …

Understanding Widowhood Cultural Practices Among Nigerian Americans: A Mini Ethnonursing Study, Prisca Anuforo, Rick Zoucha

Graduate Student Research Symposium

Abstract

Title: Understanding Widowhood Cultural Practices Among Nigerian Americans: A Mini Ethnonursing Study

Purpose: The study aims to understand the cultural values, beliefs, and experiences of widowhood cultural practices in Nigerian American women and how it affects health and well-being.

Research Questions: a). What are the values, beliefs, and experiences of widowhood cultural practices of Nigerian American women in the United States? b). How do these experiences affect the health and well-being of the widowed?

Background: There are 461,695 Nigerians residing in the United States, and 3.1 percent of the population is widowed. The morbidity and mortality rates are higher …

Daily Posture Behavior Patterns Derived From Multitime-Scale Topic Models Using Wearable Triaxial Acceleration For Assessment Of Concern About Falling, Changhong Wang, Yu Wang, Haitao Zhao, Guanzheng Liu, Bijan Najafi

Center on Aging Staff Publications

Concern about falling is prevalent in older population. This condition would cause a series of adverse physical and psychological consequences for older adults' health. Traditional assessment of concern about falling is relied on self-reported questionnaires and thus is too subjective. Therefore, we proposed a novel multi-time-scale topic modelling approach to quantitatively evaluate concern about falling by analyzing triaxial acceleration signals collected from a wearable pendent sensor. Different posture segments were firstly recognized to extract their corresponding feature subsets. Then, each selected feature related to concern about falling was clustered into discrete levels as feature letters of artificial words in different …

Health Experiences Of Sexual And Gender Minority People Living With Dementia And Their Care Partners: Protocol For A Scoping Review, Jennifer T. May Phd, Rn, Anp-Bc, Melissa Louise Harris

Publications

Background: People living with dementia and their care partners who identify as a sexual and gender minority (SGM) often experience specific health inequities and disparities due to discrimination related to age, cognitive impairment, and being SGM.

Objective: The purpose of this scoping review is to identify, explore, and synthesize the state of the science regarding the health and health care experiences of SGM people living with dementia and their care partners. This review also aims to identify gaps in research and set forth key recommendations to improve the health and health care experiences of SGM people living with dementia and …

Nature, Nurture, And The Meaning Of Educational Attainment: Differences By Sex And Socioeconomic Status, Thalida Em Arpawong, Margaret Gatz, Catalina Zavala, Tara L. Gruenewald, Ellen E. Walters, Carol A. Prescott

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Estimated heritability of educational attainment (EA) varies widely, from 23% to 80%, with growing evidence suggesting the degree to which genetic variation contributes to individual differences in EA is highly dependent upon situational factors. We aimed to decompose EA into influences attributable to genetic propensity and to environmental context and their interplay, while considering influences of rearing household economic status (HES) and sex. We use the Project Talent Twin and Sibling Study, drawn from the population-representative cohort of high school students assessed in 1960 and followed through 2014, to ages 68−72. Data from 3552 twins and siblings from 1741 families …

College Of Health Professions News, Georgia Southern University

College of Health Professions: News & Publications (2012-2023)

• HSK Faculty Receive Grant for New Equipment

Occupational Therapists' Experience Of Using Home Adaptation And Assistive Products As Interventions For Older Individuals And Persons With Disabilities In Thailand, Peeradech Thichanpiang, Veerawat Sansri, Surachart Thongchoomsin, Sutinun Juntorn, Thitiya Wangkawan, Supatida Sorasak, Phichaya Baramee, Kannika Permpoonputtana, Chirathip Thawisuk, Chutikorn Nopparat, Anuchart Kaunnil Corresponding Author

The Qualitative Report

As Thailand becomes an aged society it is important to promote advancements in geriatric medicine to provide the best care for older individuals. The right assistive facilities and household mobility equipment are essential for everyday activities. The use of home adaptations and assistive products can maximize the quality of life for older individuals and make life more convenient for those with disabilities. This study aimed to investigate the experience of occupational therapists, using home adaptations and assistive products. An individual interview was conducted with eight occupational therapists who worked at regional hospitals and centers of excellence throughout Thailand using a …

Indication Of Mobility Aids And Training Of Older Patients In A Geriatric Emergency Department: Abiding By International Guidelines, Mario C. De Andrade Junior, Christian V. Morinaga, Christina M M Brito, Igor G. Moraes, Wellington P. Yamaguti, Pedro K. Curiati

Journal of Geriatric Emergency Medicine

Falls are the main cause of injuries, hospitalization, and loss of functionality among adults over 65 years of age. Thus, proper indication of assistive gait devices should be part of multidimensional fall prevention. However, many patients receive little or no professional assistance when selecting a mobility aid, and inadequate selection and use can result in a poor gait pattern.

All patients admitted to our emergency department (ED) undergo a medical evaluation, in which, based on their clinical condition, the protocol for indication and training in the use of walking aids can be triggered. Patients need to be clinically stable and …

Impact Of Emr/Ehr And Computer Decision Support Systems On Nursing Homes And Long-Term Care, Wendy Trzyna, Brian Cox, Alberto Coustasse

Management Faculty Research

Long-Term Care (LTCs) facilities and nursing homes have been an essential part of the healthcare industry to meet the needs of older adults. However, Electronic Medical Records (EMRs/ EHR within LTC facilities and nursing homes have lagged more than in other healthcare sectors. This research analyzed the impact of implementing EMR/EHR and Computerized Decision Support Systems within LTC facilities and nursing homes. In nursing homes and LTC facilities where EMR/EHR has been implemented, patient outcomes improved by reduced pressure ulcers and increased identification of patients at risk for malnutrition and falls. Integration of CDSSs with EMR/EHR improved documentation and prescribing …

Geriatric Emergency Departments As Laboratories For Innovation, Brian W. Patterson, Manish N. Shah

Journal of Geriatric Emergency Medicine

n/a for editorial

Faculty Readiness And Learning Needs For Incorporating Virtual Healthcare Into The Curriculum, Kelley Connor, Jason Blomquist, Darci Mccall, Cara Gallegos, Janet Reis

Nursing Faculty Publications and Presentations

Objective: Virtual healthcare technologies are becoming increasingly acceptable and available to patients and providers to deliver care. Although common in practice settings, many nursing schools have not integrated virtual care concepts into the curriculum. One reason may be because faculty are not prepared to teach these concepts. The purpose of this study was to assess the virtual healthcare learning needs of faculty.

Methods: An exploratory, descriptive study design was used to evaluate faculty receptiveness and readiness to teach virtual nursing care concepts. Thirty-seven full time faculty members were asked to complete an anonymous survey consisting of demographic, open-ended, and Likert …

Interprofessional Collaborative Attitudes: Comparing Social Work Learners To Their Medicine And Nursing Peers, Joseph Bartholomew, Marcia Mount French, Hea-Won Kim

Florida Public Health Review

Interprofessional learning activities in higher education aim to unite healthcare professionals in their future practice, thus reducing duplication and fragmentation of services. This study uses a social learning perspective to examine advanced practice medicine, nursing, and social work learners’ attitudes toward interprofessional education and collaborative practice activities within their university programs. The authors used a cross-sectional design to administer a questionnaire that included the Interprofessional Attitudes Scale (IPAS) to 151 advanced practice health care learners (internal medicine residents, nurse practitioner students, master’s-level social work students). Findings indicated significant differences in three subsections of the IPAS. Social work learners possessed a …

Developing A Parsimonious Frailty Index For Older, Multimorbid Adults With Heart Failure Using Machine Learning, Javad Razjouyan, Molly J Horstman, Ariela R Orkaby, Salim S Virani, Orna Intrator, Parag Goyal, Christopher I Amos, Aanand D Naik

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Frailty is associated with adverse outcomes in heart failure (HF). A parsimonious frailty index (FI) that predicts outcomes of older, multimorbid patients with HF could be a useful resource for clinicians. A retrospective study of veterans hospitalized from October 2015 to October 2018 with HF, aged ≥50 years, and discharged home developed a 10-item parsimonious FI using machine learning from diagnostic codes, laboratory results, vital signs, and ejection fraction (EF) from outpatient encounters. An unsupervised clustering technique identified 5 FI strata: severely frail, moderately frail, mildly frail, prefrail, and robust. We report hazard ratios (HRs) of mortality, adjusting for age, …

Exposure To Pcb126 During The Nursing Period Reversibly Impacts Early-Life Glucose Tolerance, Brittany Breon Rice, Keegan W. Sammons, Sara Y. Ngo Tenlep, Madeline T. Weltzer, Leryn J. Reynolds, Cetewayo S. Rashid, Hollie I. Swanson, Kevin J. Pearson

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent environmental organic pollutants known to have detrimental health effects. Using a mouse model, we previously demonstrated that PCB126 exposure before and during pregnancy and throughout the perinatal period adversely affected offspring glucose tolerance and/or body composition profiles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the glucose tolerance and body composition of offspring born to dams exposed to PCB126 during the nursing period only. Female ICR mice were bred, and half of the dams were exposed to either vehicle (safflower oil) or 1 μmole PCB126 per kg of body weight via oral gavage on postnatal …

Epigenome-Wide Association Study Reveals Cpg Sites Associated With Thyroid Function And Regulatory Effects On Klf9, Antoine Weihs, Layal Chaker, Tiphaine C Martin, Kim V E Braun, Purdey J Campbell, Simon R Cox, Myriam Fornage, Christian Gieger, Hans J Grabe, Harald Grallert, Sarah E Harris, Brigitte Kühnel, Riccardo E Marioni, Nicholas G Martin, Daniel L Mccartney, Allan F Mcrae, Christa Meisinger, Joyce B J Van Meurs, Jana Nano, Matthias Nauck, Annette Peters, Holger Prokisch, Michael Roden, Elizabeth Selvin, Marian Beekman, Diana Van Heemst, Eline P Slagboom, Brenton R Swenson, Adrienne Tin, Pei-Chien Tsai, Andre Uitterlinden, W Edward Visser, Henry Völzke, Melanie Waldenberger, John P Walsh, Anna Köttgen, Scott G Wilson, Robin P Peeters, Jordana T Bell, Marco Medici, Alexander Teumer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background:

Thyroid hormones play a key role in differentiation and metabolism and are known regulators of gene expression through both genomic and epigenetic processes including DNA methylation. The aim of this study was to examine associations between thyroid hormones and DNA methylation.

Methods:

We carried out a fixed-effect meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of blood DNA methylation sites from 8 cohorts from the ThyroidOmics Consortium, incorporating up to 7073 participants of both European and African ancestry, implementing a discovery and replication stage. Statistical analyses were conducted using normalized beta CpG values as dependent and log-transformed thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine, …

Driving Impairment In Movement Disorders, Karim Makhoul, Joseph Jankovic

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Driving may be adversely affected by any movement disorder, but has been mostly studied in Parkinson's disease (PD). Few studies have addressed driving impairment in patients with Huntington's disease (HD); driving in other movement disorders such as dystonia, blepharospasm and Tourette syndrome (TS) has not been adequately evaluated.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this review is to summarize the findings of driving impairment in movement disorders and evaluate the usefulness of clinical tools in guiding clinicians whether to refer patients for driving assessment.

METHODS: A review of literature was performed on PubMed and articles on driving and movement disorders were …

High Pulse Pressure Impairs Cerebral Artery Endothelial Function In Young, But Not Old, Mice, Nick R Winder, Emily H Reeve, Elise K Kronquist, Aleena Khurana, Byron Lee, Thuan Nguyen, Grant D Henson, Ashley E Walker

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

One of the hallmarks of vascular aging is increased pulse pressure. This elevated pulse pressure is associated with deleterious effects on cerebral vascular function; however, it is unknown if age modulates the susceptibility to high pulse pressure. To examine the effects of age on the cerebral artery response to pulse pressure, we studied isolated cerebral arteries collected from young (6.1 ± 0.2 mo) and old (26.7 ± 0.5 mo) male C57BL/6 mice. Isolated cerebral arteries were exposed ex vivo to static pressure, low pulse pressure (25 mmHg), and high pulse pressure (50 mmHg). In cerebral arteries from young mice, endothelium-dependent …

Effects Of Hope Intervention On Hope And Quality Of Life In Senior People Who Live Alone, Sophia Abraham

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Background

In the United States, there is a growing number of seniors who frequently present with increased risk for reduced hope and quality of life (QOL). Quality of life in the senior population is a world-wide concern and it is believed to be directly associated with their well-being. Senior people living alone experience a higher degree of depression, reduced hope, isolation, falls, and increased mortality. The literature indicates that there is a significant relationship between the level of hope and QOL. Hope is an inner source that plays a vital part in how an individual think and behaves. Hope shapes …

Family Caregivers Of Older Adults With Physical Disabilities In Rural Thailand, Denis Tuttle, Jiranan Griffiths, Anuchart Kaunnil

The Qualitative Report

Thailand is one of many countries experiencing changes in the demographics of its population. People are living longer and having fewer children resulting in an increasing percentage of older adults in the general population. This presents a challenge in providing care for older adults, especially in countries where there is a culture of family caregiving. This study aims to investigate the experience of family caregivers, exploring the problems of caring for older people with physical disabilities and the needs of family caregivers. This is done to better understand ways to support caregivers. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, 15 family caregivers …

Maternal And Infant Outcomes Of Syrian And Palestinian Refugees, Lebanese And Migrant Women Giving Birth In A Tertiary Public Hospital In Lebanon: A Secondary Analysis Of An Obstetric Database, Stephen J. Mccall, Tanya C. El Khoury, Hala Ghattas Ph.D., Shady Elbassuoni, Mhd Hussein Murtada, Zeina Jamaluddine, Christine Haddad, Aya Hussein, Amina Krounbi, Jocelyn Dejong, Janoub Khazaal, Rabih Chahine

Faculty Publications

Objectives This study aims to assess whether the characteristics, management and outcomes of women varied between Syrian and Palestinian refugees, migrant women of other nationalities and Lebanese women giving birth at a public tertiary centre in Beirut, Lebanon.

Methods This was a secondary data analysis of routinely collected data from the public Rafik Hariri University Hospital (RHUH) between January 2011 and July 2018. Data were extracted from medical notes using text mining machine learning methods. Nationality was categorised into Lebanese, Syrian, Palestinian and migrant women of other nationalities. The main outcomes were diabetes, pre-eclampsia, placenta accreta spectrum, hysterectomy, uterine rupture, …

Advanced Practice Providers Recognized As Valuable Healthcare Resources: Increasing The Illinois Pa’S Scope Of Practice To Match Their Np Cohort, Cheri Kelly Dmsc, Pa-C, Molly Johnson Ms, Apn, Cnp

SIU Journal of Medical Science Scholarly Works

Abstract:

Nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs) represent a group of non-physician, advanced-practice providers (APPs) within our healthcare system. Non-physician providers are part of an inter-disciplinary team, working alongside physicians and a variety of allied healthcare providers. The purpose of this paper is to take a closer look at these two professions (NP and PA), with a focus on Illinois providers and the legislative strategies that guide their roles and abilities to practice. Illinois is a region where APP practices are inequitably regulated. Their Nurse Practice Act outlines a broad scope of practice for Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs). …

Speech Pathology Student Perspectives On Virtual Reality To Learn A Clinical Skill, Bridget Kelly, Joanne Walters, Rachael Unicomb

Teaching and Learning in Communication Sciences & Disorders

Evidence supports the use of simulation in educating speech pathology (SP) students, however most of the research has centered on low fidelity techniques as opposed to high fidelity and immersive technologies like virtual reality (VR). Whilst there has been research on the use of VR to teach clinical skills to students in other health disciplines (e.g., dentistry, nursing), use of VR in SP has focused mainly on its use in client intervention. There is an opportunity to use VR to teach clinical skills to SP students, particularly in response to barriers to clinical placement opportunities like the COVID 19 pandemic. …