Digital Commons Network^™

Discovery And Validation Of New Regulatory Rna Elements In Chlamydia Trachomatis, Yasser Mohammed Elsayed Metwally Abdelrahman

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular bacterium that exhibits a unique biphasic developmental cycle that can be disrupted by growth in the presence of IFN-g and b-lactams, giving rise to an abnormal growth state termed persistence. Relatively little is known about the regulatory mechanisms that control temporal gene expression during the developmental cycle or the control of persistence and reactivation. Here we have examined the expression of a newly defined family of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are differentially expressed during the developmental cycle and the induction of persistence and reactivation (Using IFNγ and Carbenicillin). Non-coding RNAs were initially identified using …

Application Of Different Bioanalytical Workflows For Proteomics Of Prostate Cancer, Li Chen

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

In the current dissertation, we focused on the development and application of multiple mass spectrometry-based bioanalytical platforms for phosphoproteomic characterization in cell culture and clinical specimens of prostate cancer; and on the application of optimized methods to analysis of differential protein expression to reveal molecular mechanism of drug action in animal model of prostate cancer.

Characterization of the phosphoproteome in prostate cancer

Our study in phosphoprotein signatures on a large scale in prostate cancer focused on the LNCaP human prostate cancer cell line, and on human prostate cancer tissue.

For the LNCaP prostate cancer cell line, we applied a combination …

The Early Development Of Gender Differences, Matthew H. Mcintyre, Carolyn P. Edwards

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

This article reviews findings from anthropology, psychology, and other disciplines about the role of biological factors in the development of sex differences in human behavior, including biological theories, the developmental course of sex differences, and the interaction of biological and cultural gendering processes at different ages. Current evidence suggests that major biological influences on individual differences in human gender, to the extent that they exist, operate primarily in early development, during and especially prior to puberty. Biological effects are likely to be mediated by relatively simple processes, like temperament, which are then elaborated through social interactions (as with mother and …

Inhibition Of The Calcium Plateau Following In Vitro Status Epilepticus Prevents The Development Of Spontaneous Recurrent Epileptiform Discharges, Nisha Nagarkatti

Theses and Dissertations

Status epilepticus (SE) is a major clinical emergency resulting in continuous seizure activity that can cause brain injury and many molecular and pathophysiologic changes leading to neuronal plasticity. The neuronal plasticity following SE-induced brain injury can initiate epileptogenesis and lead to the ultimate expression of acquired epilepsy (AE), characterized clinically by spontaneous, recurrent seizures. Epileptogenesis is the process wherein healthy brain tissue is transformed into hyperexcitable neuronal networks that produce AE. Understanding these alterations induced by brain injury is an important clinical challenge and can lend insight into possible new therapeutic targets to halt the development of AE. Currently there …

Central Role Of Tau Protein In Alzheimer»S Disease And Related Tauopathies, Khalid Iqbal, Omar Chohan, Inge Grundke-Iqbal

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Apoptotic Engulfment Pathway And Schizophrenia, Xiangning Chen, Cuie Sun, Qi Chen, F. Anthony O'Neill, Dermot Walsh, Ayman H. Fanous, Kodavali V. Chowdari, Vishwajit L. Nimgaonkar, Adrian Scott, Sibylle G. Schwab, Dieter B. Wildenauer, Ronglin Che, Wei Tang, Yongyong Shi, Lin He, Xiong-Jian Luo, Bing Su, Todd L. Edwards, Zhongming Zhao, Kenneth S. Kendler

Human and Molecular Genetics Publications

Background

Apoptosis has been speculated to be involved in schizophrenia. In a previously study, we reported the association of the MEGF10 gene with the disease. In this study, we followed the apoptotic engulfment pathway involving the MEGF10, GULP1, ABCA1 and ABCA7 genes and tested their association with the disease.

Methodology/Principal Findings

Ten, eleven and five SNPs were genotyped in the GULP1, ABCA1 and ABCA7 genes respectively for the ISHDSF and ICCSS samples. In all 3 genes, we observed nominally significant associations. Rs2004888 at GULP1 was significant in both ISHDSF and ICCSS samples (p = 0.0083 and …

A Therapeutic Antibody Against West Nile Virus Neutralizes Infection By Blocking Fusion Within Endosomes, Bruce S. Thompson, Bastiaan Moesker, Jolanda M. Smit, Jan Wilschut, Michael S. Diamond, Daved H. Fremont

ICTS Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Physical And Genetic Framework Of The Maize B73 Genome, Fusheng Wei, Jianwei Zhang, Shiguo Zhou, Ruifeng He, Mary Schaeffer, Kristi Collura, David Kudrna, Ben P. Faga, Marina Wissotski, Wolfgang Gloser, Susan M. Rock, Tina A. Graves, Robert S. Fulton, Ed Coe, Patrick S. Schnable, David C. Schwartz, Doreen Ware, Sandra W. Clifton, Richard K. Wilson, Rod A. Wing

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Detailed Analysis Of A Contiguous 22-Mb Region Of The Maize Genome, Robert S. Fulton, Laura Courtney, Scott Kruchowski, Tina A. Graves, Susan M. Rock, Stephanie Adams, Lucinda A. Fulton, Catrina Fronick, William Courtney, Sandra W. Clifton, Richard K. Wilson, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Modeling Physical-Chemical Properties Of High Dilutions: An Electrical Conductivity Study, Carla Holandino, Rafael Harduim, Venício Da Veiga, Sheila Garcia, Carlos Zacharias

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

The most common way to perform succussions is to place a liquid preparation inside a glass vessel and beat it vigorously against a hard elastic surface, either manually or using a mechanical apparatus. This procedure has been assumed able to transfer mechanical energy to the molecular level, where it becomes available to perform chemical work. Such interpretation has been enforced by observed changes in the electrical conductivity (EC) of High Dilutions (HD) due to succussion. In order to address this question, we compared the electrical conductivity changes of HD prepared from Vincristine sulfate (VCR) samples with those of an inert …

Differential Gene Expression Associated With Postnatal Equine Articular Cartilage Maturation, Michael J. Mienaltowski, Liping Huang, Arnold J. Stromberg, James N. Macleod

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Articular cartilage undergoes an important maturation process from neonate to adult that is reflected by alterations in matrix protein organization and increased heterogeneity of chondrocyte morphology. In the horse, these changes are influenced by exercise during the first five months of postnatal life. Transcriptional profiling was used to evaluate changes in articular chondrocyte gene expression during postnatal growth and development.

METHODS: Total RNA was isolated from the articular cartilage of neonatal (0-10 days) and adult (4-5 years) horses, subjected to one round of linear RNA amplification, and then applied to a 9,367-element equine-specific cDNA microarray. Comparisons were made with …

Selective Non-Peptide Mu-Opioid Receptor Antagonist: Design, Synthesis And Biological Studies, Lindsey Aschenbach

Theses and Dissertations

There are currently many opioid agonists available for clinical use as analgesics. However, many of these opioid agonists have notorious side effects including respiratory depression and may lead to addiction and dependence. Problems associated with these opioid agonists are determined to come from their interactions with the mu-opioid receptor. Opioid antagonists, such as naltrexone, have shown to aid in the treatment of opioid addiction. Although naltrexone has high affinity to the mu-opioid receptor, it lacks selectivity. Novel selective mu-opioid receptor antagonists were designed based on the identification of important pharmacophore elements in several known mu-opioid receptor agonists and antagonists. These …

Proteomics Analysis Identifies Molecular Targets Related To Diabetes Mellitus-Associated Bladder Dysfunction, Elizabeth Yohannes, Jinsook Chang, Mark R. Chance

Faculty Scholarship

Protein expression profiles in rat bladder smooth muscle were compared between animal models of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (STZ-DM) and age-matched controls at 1 week and 2 months after induction of hyper-glycemia with STZ treatment. At each time point, protein samples from four STZ-DM and four age-matched control rat bladder tissues were prepared independently and analyzed together across multiple DIGE gels using a pooled internal standard sample to quantify expression changes with statistical confidence. A total of 100 spots were determined to be significantly changing among the four experimental groups. A subsequent mass spectrometry analysis of the 100 spots identified a …

Research News: 2008, No. 2, University Of Mississippi. School Of Pharmacy

Research News: Grants and Publications (2000-2014)

Grants, publications, technology transfer, special announcements

Separation And Characterization Of Respirable Amphibole Fibers From Libby, Montana, James S. Webber, David J. Blake, Tony Ward, Jean C. Pfau

Public and Community Health Sciences Faculty Publications

The vermiculite mine in Libby, Montana, was in operation for over 70 yr and was contaminated with asbestos-like amphibole fibers. The mining, processing, and shipping of this vermiculite led to significant fiber inhalation exposure throughout the community, and residents of Libby have developed numerous pulmonary diseases such as lung cancer and mesothelioma. The present study describes the separation of Libby 6-mix into respirable and nonrespirable size fractions by means of aqueous elutriation. The elutriator, designed to separate fibers with aerodynamic diameters smaller than 2.5 μm (respirable) from larger fibers, used an upward flow rate of 3.4 × 10^{−4 …}

Commencement Program 2008, Loma Linda University

Commencement Programs

CONTENTS

2 | 2008 Events of Commencement

3 | The Academic Procession

4 | Significance of Academic Regalia

5 | The Good Samaritan

6 | The Speakers

14 | The University Honorees

24 | The School Honorees

35 | The Programs

36 | School of Medicine

47 | School of Pharmacy

52 | School of Dentistry

62 | School of Science and Technology and School of Religion

70 | School of Nursing

76 | School of Allied Health Professions - Physical Therapy

82 | School of Allied Health Professions

91 | School of Public Health

Rest Maintains Self-Renewal And Pluripotency Of Embryonic Stem Cells, Sanjay K Singh, Mohamedi N Kagalwala, Jan Parker-Thornburg, Henry Adams, Sadhan Majumder

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The neuronal repressor REST (RE1-silencing transcription factor; also called NRSF) is expressed at high levels in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells, but its role in these cells is unclear. Here we show that REST maintains self-renewal and pluripotency in mouse ES cells through suppression of the microRNA miR-21. We found that, as with known self-renewal markers, the level of REST expression is much higher in self-renewing mouse ES cells than in differentiating mouse ES (embryoid body, EB) cells. Heterozygous deletion of Rest (Rest+/-) and its short-interfering-RNA-mediated knockdown in mouse ES cells cause a loss of self-renewal-even when these cells are …

Analysis Of The Cyc1 Promoter In Candida Albicans, Tomica Blocker

McCabe Thesis Collection

Scientists are considering two factors that may be important in the pathogenesis of C. albicans', it's capability to morph from yeast to hyphal phase, and its differences in colony morphology, cell shape, cell surface and cell permeability. (5) Unfortunately, unlike the bacteria, yeasts do not yet have proven virulence factors. However, science is suggesting that some of the major factors which contribute to the virulence of Candida are its ability to form hyphae, its ability to resist phagocytosis, its ability to adhere to epithelial cell surfaces, its ability to grow well at 37 degrees Celsius, and its ability to secrete …

A Literature Review: Current Trends In Holistic Nursing, Angela J. Wolf

Senior Honors Theses

There is scarcity of documentation that seeks to define spirituality relating to holistic nursing; consequently, a literature review was formulated to define spirituality and guide nursing practice towards recognizing the importance of and implementation of spiritual care. By researching the current trends in peer-reviewed journals from the past three years and analyzing associated articles, this paper addresses the need for a comprehensive definition of spirituality. Key concepts such as belief, values, interconnectedness with self, others and God, energy, hope and transcendence will be analyzed, and the accumulated data will be complied into a framework that is easy for a nurse …

Systems Biology: The Solution To Understanding Alcohol-Induced Disorders?, National Institute On Alcohol Abuse And Alcoholism

United States Public Health Resources

With the decoding of the human genome, researchers gained access to extensive information about the molecules in the body, how they function in the healthy organism, and how they may contribute to certain diseases. However, despite this wealth of information, many questions remain about the ways in which these molecules interact to control more complex phenomena, including the development of many common disorders. Systems biology offers scientists a promising tool with which to deal with such complexities and may revolutionize the prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of alcohol use disorders and other multifaceted disorders. These new approaches provide researchers with new …

Research Annual Report 2007, Children's Mercy Hospital

Research Annual Reports

Annual report of the research at Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City MO, a pediatric medical center.

Gallbladder Cancer Incidence Among American Indians And Alaska Natives, Us, 1999–2004, Shannon M. Lemrow, David G. Perdue, Sherri L. Stewart, Lisa C. Richardson, Melissa Jim, Helen T. French, Judith Swan, Brenda K. Edwards, Charles Wiggins, Lois Dickie, David K. Espey

United States Public Health Resources

BACKGROUND. Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is rare; however, it disproportionately affects the American Indian and Alaska Natives (AI/AN) population. The purpose of the study was to characterize GBC among AI/AN in the US population.

METHODS. Cases of GBC diagnosed between 1999 and 2004 and collected by state-based cancer registries were included. Registry records were linked with Indian Health Service (IHS) administration records to decrease race misclassification of AI/AN. GBC rates and/or percent distributions for AI/AN and non-Hispanic whites (NHW) were calculated by sex, IHS region, age, and stage for all US counties and IHS Contract Health Service Delivery Area …

Frequency Of Abnormal Pap Smears And Assessment Of Risk Factors For Cervical Cancer In An Out-Patient Clinic, Firdous Jahan, Naheed Nabi, Waris Qidwai, Iqbal Azam

Department of Family Medicine

No abstract provided.

Oncolog Volume 53, Number 10, October 2008, Joe Munch, Sunita Patterson

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Pancreatic Cancer: The Prognosis Is Changing
• Delivering “The Guardian of the Genome”
• House Call: “Seeing” Cancer from the Outside
• Catching Pancreatic Cancer Early

Pax7 Is Requisite For Maintenance Of A Subpopulation Of Superior Collicular Neurons And Shows A Diverging Expression Pattern To Pax3 During Superioir Collicular Development, Jennifer Thompson, Andreas Zembrzycki, Ahmed Mansouri, Melanie Ziman

Research outputs pre 2011

Pax7 encodes a transcription factor well-established as an important determinant of mesencephalic identity and superior collicular development. Pax7 mutant mice, however, present with no obvious morphological impairments to the superior colliculus. This finding is paradoxical and has been attributed to functional redundancy afforded by its paralogue Pax3. Here we utilise Pax7 mutant mice to investigate the precise role of this important developmental regulator during superior collicular development and neuronal specification/differentiation. We also assess its spatiotemporal relationship with Pax3 during embryonic development. Analysis of the superior colliculus of Pax7 mutant and wildtype mice at a variety of developmental timepoints revealed that …

A Novel Class Of Immunoproteasome Catalytic Subunit Lmp2 Inhibitor And Its Therapeutic Potentials In Cancer, Yik Khuan (Abby) Ho

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The immunoproteasome, known to play an important role in MHC class I antigen processing and presentation, have been linked to neurodegenerative diseases and hematological cancers. However, the pathophysiological functions of the immunoproteasome in these diseases are still not very well established. This can be attributed mainly to the lack of appropriate molecular probes that selectively target the immunoproteasome catalytic subunits. Herein, we report the development of a small molecular inhibitor (AM) that selectively targets the major catalytic subunit, LMP2, of the immunoproteasome. We show that the compound covalently modifies the LMP2 subunit with high specificity in human prostate …

Study Of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Urban Men In Pakistan: Identifying The Bridging Population, Ali M. Mir, Laura Reichenbach, Abdul Wajid, Mumraiz Khan

Reproductive Health

Pakistan currently has low levels of HIV infection, however the country is considered at high potential risk for an HIV epidemic. In major cities there are large concentrations of individuals whose behaviors make them extremely vulnerable to the rapid spread of HIV and of classical sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including male and female sex workers, men who have sex with men, and injecting drug users. HIV can spread to the general population through individuals who have contact with both high-risk groups and the general heterosexual population (the “bridging population”). Identifying the bridging population and bridging behaviors among urban men and …

Investigation Of Lipoteichoic Acid Structure And Function To Establish Its Role In Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections, Ho Seong Seo

All ETDs from UAB

Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is an essential bacterial membrane polysaccharide (cell wall component) that is linked to a glycerol backbone with two acyl chains. Since an antibody to LTA has been shown to protect from Gr+ bacterial infections or colonization, and the mutant Gr+ bacteria which produce less amount of LTA have less pathogenic than WT, LTA may be an important role in Gr+ bacterial infection and inflammation. The currently accepted structure of pneumococcal LTA has the pentameric repeating unit bound to the lipid anchor {Glc(β1��3)AATGal(β1��3)Glc(α1��3)-acyl2Gro}. Unlike the lipid anchor of other Gr+ bacterial LTA, this pneumococcal LTA lipid anchor has …

Transcriptional Regulatory Network Analysis During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transformation Of Retinal Pigment Epithelium., Craig H Pratt, Rajanikanth Vadigepalli, Praveen Chakravarthula, Gregory E Gonye, Nancy J Philp, Gerald B Grunwald

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: Phenotypic transformation of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells contributes to the onset and progression of ocular proliferative disorders such as proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). The formation of epiretinal membranes in PVR may involve an epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of RPE cells as part of an aberrant wound healing response. While the underlying mechanism remains unclear, this likely involves changes in RPE cell gene expression under the control of specific transcription factors (TFs). Thus, the purpose of the present study was to identify TFs that may play a role in this process.

METHODS: Regulatory regions of genes that are differentially regulated during …

Energizing Mirna Research: A Review Of The Role Of Mirnas In Lipid Metabolism, With A Prediction That Mir-103/107 Regulates Human Metabolic Pathways, Bernard R. Wilfred, Wang-Xia Wang, Peter T. Nelson

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are powerful regulators of gene expression. Although first discovered in worm larvae, miRNAs play fundamental biological roles-including in humans-well beyond development. MiRNAs participate in the regulation of metabolism (including lipid metabolism) for all animal species studied. A review of the fascinating and fast-growing literature on miRNA regulation of metabolism can be parsed into three main categories: (1) adipocyte biochemistry and cell fate determination; (2) regulation of metabolic biochemistry in invertebrates; and (3) regulation of metabolic biochemistry in mammals. Most research into the 'function' of a given miRNA in metabolic pathways has concentrated on a given miRNA acting upon …