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Disease And Water Supply: The Case Of Cholera In 19th Century Iran, Amir A. Afkhami

Medicine Faculty Publications

This paper explores why Iran was a particularly fertile ground for repeated visitation of cholera in the 19th century. Along with certain unique Iranian cultural and religious factors, the author demonstrates how Iranian urban ecology, particularly the qanat system, contributed to the fatal spread of the epidemic. These multi-faceted conditions, the author concludes, resulted in distinct modes of disease transmission and mortality in Iran.

Colocalization Of Calretinin And Calbindin-D28k With Oxytocin And Vasopressin In Rat Supraoptic Nucleus Neurons: A Quantitative Study, Miyata, Arshad Khan, Glenn Hatton

Departmental Papers (Biology)

No abstract provided.

Veterinary And Biomedical Sciences: Annual Report 1998

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Information and History

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Awards and Recognition
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Nebraska Agricultural Statistics

Issues Raised By Research Using Persons Suffering From Dementia Who Have Impaired Decisional Capacity, Peter V. Rabins

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

The Future Of The World Health Organization: What Role For International Law?, David P. Fidler

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Microbialpolitik: Infectious Diseases And International Relations, David P. Fidler

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Constant Darkness And Constantlight On The Pineal Gland And Thymusmorphology In The Rats, Nihal İçten, Filiz Karagöz, K. Ali Güneç

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

It is known that periods of constant darkness and constant light cause stim-ulation and inhibition of melatonin secretion from the pineal gland. It is also suggested that neuroendocrine responses to environmental stimuli, such as light, can influence immune responses through the pineal gland. For these reasons, in this study the effects of the alterations in the photoperiod rhythm on the pineal gland and thymus morphology were experimentally investigated. 30 Swiss albino rats, aged 4 wk, were divided into 3 groups. Group I rats were kept in a dark room, group II in a room under a bright artificial light and …

Uncertainty And Variability Analysis In The Estimation Of Human Exposure To Mercury From Seafood Consumption Using Two-Dimensional Monte Carlo Simulations, J. Keith Bangerter

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Fish and shellfish are a beneficial food source due to their high protein content, low saturated fat content, and low cholesterol content; they possess beneficial omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants such as vitamin E and selenium. Recent studies identified a decreased risk of sudden cardiac death in seafood consumers. Per capita seafood consumption increased 27% from 1975 to 1990, with nearly 95% of the U.S. population consuming some kind of fish or shellfish product each year. But seafood consumption may pose health risks which need to be weighed against benefits. One of potential risks is the toxicity of methylmercury. Mercury …

Boling V. Romer: Federal Courts Condone Forced Withdrawal Of Blood For Dna Data Banks Despite Constitutional Concerns, C. Teddy Li

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

The National Bioethics Advisory Commission: Bridging The Gaps In Human Subjects Research Protection, James F. Childress

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

Oppositional Defiant Disorder And Conduct Disorder : Different Names For The Same Condition?, Daryl L. Hawkins

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this paper is to present a review of the literature related to the proposition that oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder are, in essence, the same disorder, with varying degrees of severity. The author of this paper believes that it would make more sense diagnostically to combine these two diagnoses into one category.

This paper will cover a variety of areas related to oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder. First, a section on the formulation of the diagnostic criteria is presented. Brief definitions and descriptions of the two disorders follow the diagnostic criteria section. In addition to …

The Effect Of Sinoaortic Deafferentation On Renal Wrap Hypertension, J. Mark Van Ness, Teresa Craig, Carmen Hinojosa-Laborde, Joseph R. Haywood

College of the Pacific Faculty Articles

The purpose of this study was to determine whether sinoaortic deafferentation (SAD) alters the severity of hypertension or sympathoadrenal contribution to mean blood pressure (MAP) during renal wrap hypertension. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters for 24-hour recording of MAP and heart rate. All rats underwent either SAD or sham SAD (Intact) surgery and were allowed to recover for 10 to 14 days. The rats were then assigned to a normotensive (Sham) group or a hypertensive (Wrap) group in which 1-kidney figure-8 renal wrap was performed. SAD increased the acute MAP response to renal wrap (Intact-Sham=5+/-1 mm Hg, …

Immunopathogenesis Of A Spectrum Of Inflammatory Lung Diseases Induced By Experimental Reovirus Infection, Stephen Clifford Bellum

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Inflammatory lung diseases cause a significant amount of morbidity and mortality. However, the mechanisms that control the initiation and resolution of pulmonary inflammatory responses have not been well-elucidated. Histopathological data suggests that the lung responds with a similar pattern of inflammation to diverse range of injurious stimuli. In order to investigate the immunopathogenesis of lung inflammation, a series of in vivo models of lung inflammation were generated in CBA/J and CD-I mice by respiratory reovirus 1/L infection. Using this approach, it was observed in CBA/J mice that a relatively low titer of reovirus 1/L induced a pattern of intraluminal fibrosis …

Video Of Adapted Techniques To Overcome The Physical Deficits Of Children With Visual Impairments, Amy Skalsky

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Blindness is a disability with far reaching effects. Many of these effects are physical and can be seen clinically in children who have been blind for much, or all, of their lives. As physical therapists, we have the technical skills to assist in reducing the effects of the functional deficits that are associated with blindness. However, we are often unaware of these deficits, or have trouble adapting our treatment techniques to fit the needs of children who are blind or have visual impairments.

The purpose of this study is to provide a video that will demonstrate techniques that are specially …

Oral Performances As Ritual: Animating The Invisible In Mormon Women's Miscarriage Stories, Kristin Leifson Ballif

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis is comprised of ten Mormon women's miscarriage stories and it is their stories that are used as the text for my analysis. The purpose of the study is to provide a space for these women to share their experiences and to reveal their cultural values and beliefs. Because the women are all Mormon, there are some distinctive cultural and religious values that are shared within their stories and it is these aspects that are analyzed and discussed within the text.

Women need to be able to share their miscarriage stories so as to alleviate feelings of isolation and …

Reproductive Health Operations Research, 1995–1998, James R. Foreit, Federico R. Leon, Ricardo Vernon, Timothy D.N. King, Deborah L. Billings, A.B Friedman, Janie Benson

Reproductive Health

This book presents in-depth reports on promising new interventions that have been developed and important programmatic changes that have been achieved by operations research in Latin America between 1995 and 1998. The INOPAL III project has made advances in five areas including access and quality of services, integration of family planning and other reproductive health services, financial sustainability, post-abortion care, and emergency contraception. Each of these topics are represented by at least three studies conducted in two or more countries. The operations research projects discussed under each topic are not replications of a single study. They use different research designs …

Lack Of Effect Of Leptin On Glucose Transport, Lipoprotein Lipase, And Insulin Action In Adipose And Muscle Cells, Subramanian Ranganathan, Theodore P. Ciaraldi, Robert R. Henry, Sunder Mudaliar, Philip A. Kern

Clinical and Translational Science Faculty Publications

The effect of leptin on glucose transport, lipogenesis, and lipoprotein lipase activity was studied in cultured rat adipocytes and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Leptin had no effect on basal and insulin stimulated glucose transport in isolated adipocytes from the rat and the genetically obese mouse. The incorporation of glucose into lipids was also unaffected. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity remained unchanged in response to leptin in these cells, as well as in minced adipose tissue. Leptin also had no effect on both basal and insulin-stimulated glucose transport in cultured rat and human skeletal muscle cells. These studies showed that leptin had no effect …

Effects Of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Α On Glucose Metabolism In Cultured Human Muscle Cells From Nondiabetic And Type 2 Diabetic Subjects, Theodore P. Ciaraldi, Leslie Carter, Sunder Mudaliar, Philip A. Kern, Robert R. Henry

Clinical and Translational Science Faculty Publications

The effects of tumor necrosis factor-a (TNFα) on glucose uptake and glycogen synthase (GS) activity were studied in human skeletal muscle cell cultures from nondiabetic and type 2 diabetic subjects. In nondiabetic muscle cells, acute (90-Min) exposure to TNFα (5 ng/ml) stimulated glucose uptake (73 ± 14% increase) to a greater extent than insulin (37 ± 4%; P < 0.02). The acute uptake response to TNFα in diabetic cells (51 ± 6% increase) was also greater than that to insulin (31 ± 3%; P < 0.05). Prolonged (24-h) exposure of nondiabetic muscle cells to TNFα resulted in a further stimulation of uptake (152 ± 31%; P < 0.05), whereas the increase in cells from type 2 diabetics was not significant compared with that in cells receiving acute treatment. After TNFα treatment, the level of glucose transporter-1 protein was elevated in nondiabetic (4.6-fold increase) and type 2 (1.7-fold) cells. Acute TNFα treatment had no effect on the fractional velocity of GS in either nondiabetic or type 2 cells. Prolonged exposure reduced the GS fractional velocity in both nondiabetic and diabetic cells. In summary, both acute and prolonged treatment with TNFα up-regulate glucose uptake activity in cultured human muscle cells, but reduce GS activity. Increased skeletal muscle glucose uptake in conditions of TNFα excess may serve as a compensatory mechanism in the insulin resistance of type 2 diabetes.

Significance Of The Kccl Cytoplasmic Cooh-Terminal Fragment For The Ph Dependence Of K-Cl Cotransport In Transfected Human Embryonic Kidney Cells, Norma C. Adragna, Jin Zhang, Peter K. Lauf

Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

In Harm's Way: Research Subjects Who Are Decisionally Impaired, Clarence J. Sundram

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

Hüseyin Eray Bulut,Erdoğan Gürsoy, An Ultrastructural Study

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Cryptorchidism causes a failure in testosterone secretion from the testicles. The metabolism of the adrenocortical steroids is influenced by sex hormones. Therefore testicular failure may cause structural and func-tional alterations in adrenal cortex. It is the aim of the present study to evaluate the effect of experimental caryptorchidism on the ultrastructure of the rat adrenal cortex, especialy on the reticularis region during prepubertal and postpubertal ages. Three groups of animals were used in the present study. The first (prepubertal) group consisted of 5,21-day old rats whereas the second (postpubertal) group was made of 5,3-month old rats. Third group was the …

Phonological Awareness Training: Effects On Phonological Awareness And Reading Skills, Cassie Nelson

Masters Theses

Past research has established that phonological awareness skills are an important precursor to the development of reading (Jenkins & Bowen, 1994; Catts & Karnhi, 1986; Bradley & Bryant, 1978; Frith, 1981). Results of numerous phonological awareness training programs have been published (Ball & Blachman, 1988, 1991; Lundberg, Frost, & Petersen, 1988; Bradley & Bryant, 1983, 1985), however, none have compared the roles of professionals involved in teaching phonological awareness skills. Additionally, the effectiveness of various service delivery models has not been reported. This study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of a phonological awareness training program on kindergarten children's phonological …

Absence Of Detectable Pharmacological Effects After Oral Administration Of Isoxsuprine, J. Daniel Harkins, G. D. Mundy, S. Stanley, W. E. Woods, R. A. Sams, D. R. Richardson, S. C. Grambow, Thomas Tobin

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

Isoxsuprine is reported to be a peripheral vasodilator used in human and veterinary medicine to treat ischaemic vascular disease. In horses, it is generally administered orally to treat navicular disease and other lower limb problems. To deflne the scope and duration of its pharmacological responses after oral administration, 6 horses were dosed with isoxsuprine HCI (1.2 mg/kg bwt) q. 12 h for 8 days and then tested to assess the duration and extent of pharmacological actions. There was no significant difference between isoxsuprine and control treatment values for heart rate, spontaneous activity, sweat production, anal muscle tone, core and skin …

An Overview Of The Methylxanthines And Their Regulation In The Horse, J Daniel Harkins, W. Allen Rees, G. D. Mundy, Scott D. Stanley, Thomas Tobin

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

Caffiene, theophylline and theobromine are naturally occurring members of the methylxanthine family;pentoxfylline, dyphylline and enprofylline are structurally related synthetic pharmaceuticals. Caffiene has predominantly central nervous system effects, theophylline, dyphylline and enprofylline have predominantly bronchodilator effects, while theobromine is associated with diuretic responses. Pentoxfylline is thought to increase red cell deformability and facillitate blood flow through capillary beds. The methylxanthines are not highly potent agents; they are typically administered in gram doses and they tend to have relatively long half-lives. They remain detectable in plasma and urine for relatively long periods. Similarly, traces of the naturally occurring members of this family …

Exclusion Mapping Of Polycystic Kidney Disease: A Third Locus, Eoin Thompson

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The aim of this research was to perform exclusion on a rare form of hereditary autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). To-date, two genes for ADPKD have been identified: PKDI which has been localized to the short arm of chromosome 16 and PKD2 which has been localized to the long arm of chromosome 4. However, a small number of families have been reported that have not shown linkage to either of these two loci, thus suggesting the existence of at least one additional locus (PKD3). Two families that are affected with ADPKD and do not show linkage to PKDI or …

The Effects Of A Five-Day Therapeutic Horseback Riding Program On The Standing And/Or Sitting Balance Of Children Ages 8-18 With A Wide Variety Of Disabling Diagnoses As Measured By The Functional Reach Test And The Modified Functional Reach Test, Richard A. Chaperon, Pamela A. Staszewski, Heather L. Vavrina

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect that a five-day horseback riding program had on the standing and/or sitting balance of children ages eight to eighteen afflicted with a variety of disabling diagnoses. The stated hypothesis is that after participating in a five-day session of therapeutic riding, subjects will show significant improvement in standing and/or sitting balance as measured by the Functional Reach Test (FRT) and the Modified Functional Reach Test (MFRT). The 15 subjects tested using FRT and the 17 subjects tested using the MFRT were all participants of the Cheff Center riding program. Subjects were …

The Importance Of Creatine Phosphokinase (Cpk) And Lactate Dehydrogenase (Ldh) In The Earlydiagnosis Of Testicular Torsion, M. Ramazan Şekeroğlu, Mehmet Tarakçioğlu, Sabahattin Aydin, Selim Topal, Öner Odabas, Yüksel Yilmaz, Mehmet Kara

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

We aimed to reveal the value of serum CPK and LDH levels in he early diagnosis of testicular tortion in this study. 15 adult male New Zealand rabbits were divided into 2 groups. The first group included 7 animals that experienced sham operation and approved as control animals. In the second group (n=8), the left testes were just twisted 720 degrees and fixed by a transmesorchial suture like Ryan described. Blood samples were obtained by venapuncture at 0, 4, 8, 24 hours and 4 weeks in each group; creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and lactate de-hydrogenase (LDH) were determined. There was slight …

The Effect Of Hippotherapy On Lower Extremity Range Of Motion In Children With Cerebral Palsy, Jim Pitman

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

It has been postulated that hippotherapy will help increase range of motion (ROM), pulmonary function, balance, and muscle tone in children with cerebral palsy and, therefore, may be used as a physical therapy modality. The purpose of this independent study is to objectively measure lower extremity range of motion in children with cerebral palsy after an eight-week hippotherapy program.

Six children diagnosed with cerebral palsy initially participated in the experiment using a repeated measure design. Only two subjects completed the study. No control group was used for this study. A consent form was signed prior to measuring LE ROM.

It …

Visual Impairment And Its Affects On Gross Motor Development: A Literature Review And Implications For Physical Therapy, Jodi A. Toenjes

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Visual impairment, or blindness, in the pediatric population has been shown to affect several key areas of gross motor development. Many of these areas can be positively influenced by physical therapy techniques. However, some physical therapy curriculums do not teach this topic of study because the prevalence of blindness is low. The purpose of this study is to develop a teaching manual that will provide the physical therapist with specific exercises, activities, and helpful hints that will facilitate the treatment of a patient with blindness in a pediatric setting.

The manual includes information regarding common mannerisms of the blind population …

In Vivo And In Vitro Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging And Spectroscopy Of Psychoactive Drugs In Rat Brain, Diana M. Lindquist

Theses and Dissertations

Four psychoactive drugs were studied using various in vivo nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. Trifluoperazine (TFP) was given to several normal rats, whose brains were then studied using in vivo fluorine-19 NMR. Three peaks were detected in the in vivo fluorine spectra: one at -62 ppm, which was due to TFP, and two others at -55 and -75 ppm, which are due to unknown metabolites of TFP. Samples of skin, skull, muscle, and brain were obtained from these rats and extracted for in vitro analysis. The metabolites responsible for the in vivo peak at -75 ppm also appeared in the …