Digital Commons Network^™

Ms211: By Healthcare Committee Doc, Armin Weinberg

Works on Radiation Effects: 1990-2020

Selected material about the healthcare system/status in Russia circa 1997. It looks like a series of pieces from a healthcare publication. Clearly this was a part of our trying to assess the opportunity to further our work with Dennis Sokol of the American Medical Centers that Ambassador Strauss connected us with as well as the post-Chernobyl opportunities for our colleagues in the Former USSR. See more at Armin Weinberg, PhD Papers and its finding aid.

Permeable, Non-Irritating Prodrugs Of Nonsteroidal And Steroidal Agents, Paul Ashton, Thomas J. Smith, Peter G. Glavinos, John D. Conklin, Peter A. Crooks, Robert M. Riggs, Tadeusz Cynkowski, Grazyna Cynkowska

Ophthalmology and Visual Science Faculty Patents

Prodrugs containing an active drug molecule linked to a polyethylene glycol group, and a method of use thereof are described. Exemplary soluble ester prodrugs contain naproxen, triamcinolone acetonide, gancyclovir, taxol, cyclosporin, dideoxyinosine, trihydroxy steroids, and flurbiprofen molecules linked to polyethylene glycol (PEG) groups. Pharmaceutical compositions containing these prodrugs, and a method of using these esters for treating disease states or symptoms are also described.

Detection And Characterization Of Sp1 Binding Activity In Human Chondrocytes And Its Alterations During Chondrocyte Dedifferentiation., Rita M. Dharmavaram, Gang Liu, Sheryl D. Mowers, Sergio A. Jimenez

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

We have detected DNA binding activity for a synthetic oligonucleotide containing an Sp1 consensus sequence in nuclear extracts from human chondrocytes. Changes in the levels of Sp1 oligonucleotide binding activity were examined in nuclear extracts from freshly isolated human chondrocytes, from chondrocytes that had been cultured under conditions that allowed the maintenance of a chondrocyte-specific phenotype on plastic dishes coated with the hydrogel poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), and from chondrocytes induced to dedifferentiate into fibroblast-like cells by passage in monolayer culture on plastic substrata. It was observed that Sp1 binding was 2-3-fold greater in nuclear extracts from dedifferentiated chondrocytes than in nuclear …

Vital Signs, Fall 1997, Boonshoft School Of Medicine

Vital Signs

A twenty four page newsletter created by the Boonshoft School of Medicine to document the current affairs of the school. This issue includes a variety of feature articles, alumni profiles, class notes, and more.

The Type 2 Iodothyronine Deiodinase Is Expressed Primarily In Glial Cells In The Neonatal Rat Brain, Ana Guadaño-Ferraz, Maria Jesus Obregón, Donald L. St. Germain, Juan Bernal

Dartmouth Scholarship

Thyroid hormone plays an essential role in mammalian brain maturation and function, in large part by regulating the expression of specific neuronal genes. In this tissue, the type 2 deiodinase (D2) appears to be essential for providing adequate levels of the active thyroid hormone 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T3) during the developmental period. We have studied the regional and cellular localization of D2 mRNA in the brain of 15-day-old neonatal rats. D2 is expressed in the cerebral cortex, olfactory bulb, hippocampus, caudate, thalamus, hypothalamus, and cerebellum and was absent from the white matter. At the cellular level, D2 is expressed predominantly, if not …

Intrinsic And Extrinsic Control Of Hemopoietic Stem Cell Numbers: Mapping Of A Stem Cell Gene, Gerald De Haan, Gary Van Zant

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

We evaluated in vivo interactions between extrinsic (growth factor induced) and intrinsic (genetically determined) effectors of mouse primitive hemopoietic stem cell proliferation and numbers. Accordingly, stem cell frequency and cell cycle kinetics were assessed in eight strains of inbred mice using the cobblestone area–forming cell (CAFC) assay. A strong inverse correlation was observed between mouse lifespan and the number of autonomously cycling progenitors (CAFC day 7) in the femur. The population size of primitive stem cells (CAFC day 35) varied widely (up to sevenfold) among strains, unlike total CAFC day 7 numbers (cycling and quiescent), which were similar. Administration of …

A Cephalometric Study Of The Class Ii Correction Effects Of The Eureka Spring, Ernest L. Stromeyer

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The effect of the Eureka Spring appliance, was investigated on 37 consecutively treated, non compliant, bilateral Class II malocclusions, requiring at least 3 mm or more of additional molar correction. The mean pretreatment age of this sample was 13.9 years. All patients were treated by a single clinician utilizing the Eureka Spring. Lateral cephalographs were taken at start of orthodontic treatment (T1), at insertion of Eureka Springs (T2), and at removal of the Eureka Springs (T3). The average treatment interval between T2 and T3 was 4 months. Class II correction occurred almost entirely by dentoalveolar movement, 33% in the maxilla …

A Pilot Study On The Short Term Effects Of The Herbst Appliance On The Glenoid Fossa, David A. Bennion

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the initial effects of the Herbst appliance and determine through the use of common cephalometric radiographs that were optically enhanced and then digitally reproduced, if fossa migration is taking place. Fourteen, (6 male, 8 female), growing patients were treated by the same clinician for the correction of a Class II malocclusion using a modified Herbst appliance. Pretreatment (T₁) standard lateral cephalometric radiographs and post Herbst treatment (T_H) optically enhanced lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken. All radiographs were digitally captured and reproduced so 6 linear and 1 area …

An Epidemic Of Dengue Fever In Karachi--Associated Clinical Manifestations, J A. Qureshi, N J. Notta, N Salahuddin, V Zaman, J A. Khan

Section of Internal Medicine

Dengue is a mosquito borne disease with worldwide distribution. Depending on virulence factors and host immune status, infection can manifest as a severe but non fatal viral syndrome or a rapidly progressive and a frequently fatal haemorrhagic fever. During the course of an outbreak of viral fever in Karachi, Pakistan from June, 1994 to September, 1995, we studied 145 cases admitted at the Aga Khan University Hospital. 43% of the cases were between the age group of 20-30 years, majority of these being male (75%). Amongst the clinical signs and symptoms, the most frequent findings were fever, vomiting and abdominal …

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Of The Prefrontal Cortex Delays Contralateral Endogenous Saccades, Tony Ro, Avishai Henik, Liana Machado, Robert D. Rafal

Publications and Research

The contributions of the superior prefrontal cortex (SPFC) and the superior parietal lobule (SPL) in generating voluntary endogenous and reflexive visually guided saccades were investigated using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Subjects made choice saccades to the left or right visual field in response to a central arrowhead (endogenous go signal) or a peripheral asterisk (exogenous go signal) that were presented along with a single TMS pulse at varying temporal intervals. TMS over the SPFC increased latencies for saccades made in response to an endogenous go signal toward the contralateral hemifield. No effects were observed when the go signal was exogenous …

Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase And Growth Factor Regulation Of Flow-Mediated Vascular Remodeling, David Anthony Tulis

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

This study was designed to characterize structural remodeling of male Wistar rat mesenteric arteries exposed to elevated blood flow in vivo for 1, 3, or 7 days. A series of arterial ligations induced blood flow increases in ileal and second-order branch arteries compared to same animal control vessels. Neither mean carotid nor local mesenteric arterial pressures changed significantly pre- to post-ligation. The primary flow-mediated force in both vessels was shear stress with possible involvement of acute stretch-induced wall stress in the ileal artery. Significant luminal expansion and medial wall hypertrophy occurred in the ileal and second-order arteries in a time-dependent …

Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Analysis Of Human Embryos Derived From In Vitro And In Vivo Matured Oocytes, Constance Descisciolo

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

Despite adequate hormonal stimulation, oocytes collected for the purpose of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer display several levels of nuclear maturity. Preovulatory or mature oocytes, technically those that are Metaphase I or II, are inseminated shortly after aspiration and assessed for fertilization the following day. Prophase I oocytes, also called germinal vesicle-bearing or immature oocytes, require a 24-36 hour period in culture before being exposed to spermatozoa. During this time, the majority of Prophase I oocytes complete nuclear maturation in vitro, progressing from germinal vesicle breakdown through first polar body extrusion. If inseminated, many in vitro matured oocytes fertilize …

Characterization Of The Fast Axonally Transported Proteins In The Rat Optic Pathway, Surafel Mulugeta

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

The fast axonally transported proteins represent a subset of neuronal proteins that are conveyed anterogradely as secretory vesicle constituents from the perikarya. Although fast transport displays properties consistent with the general secretory pathway, neuronal structure presents special problems which may require modifications of the general pathway. The elucidation of these special modifications is essential for a more complete understanding of neuronal function both in normal and pathological conditions. In order to characterize the fast transported (FT) proteins and to better understand fast transport trafficking, the FT of radiolabeled retinal ganglion cell (RGC) proteins in the adult rat optic pathway was …

The Cellular And Molecular Dynamics Of The Queuosine Modification In Transfer Rna: Definition, Modulation, Deficiencies And Effect Of The Queuosine Modification System, Rana C. Morris

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

The presence of the queuosine modification in the wobble position of tRNA^asn, tRN^asp, tRNA^his, and tRNA^tyr is associated with a decrease in cellular growth rate, an increase in the ability to withstand environmental stress, and differentiation of pleuripotent cells into mature phenotypes. The loss of this normal modification is strongly correlated with neoplastic transformation and tumor progression of a wide variety of cancers.

The "normal" system for formation of the queuosine modification in tRNA was studied in human fibroblast cell cultures and in mouse, rat and human liver tissues. The queuosine modification system …

Department Of Radiology-Annual Report-July 1, 1996 To June 30, 1997, David C. Levin

Department of Radiology Administrative Documents and Reports

Department of Radiology Annual Report, July 1, 1996 to June 30, 1997. Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. 108 pages.

Oral Cancer Screening, Damon Omar Watson

Honors Theses

Cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx have increased throughout the decades. Since oral cancer represents a small percentage of the total cancers in the United States, it is often overlooked. Though this is the case, the results of this cancer can be devastating. To address this issue, an Oral Cancer Screening was organized on August 14, 1996 at the West Michigan Cancer Center in Kalamazoo. This was a joint collaboration between the author, the West Michigan Cancer Center, and the Kalamazoo Valley Dental Society. This event allowed research to take place concerning the data obtained. Confidential results and information …

Bovine Oviductal And Embryonic Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins: Possible Regulators Of "Embryotrophic" Insulin-Like Growth Factor Circuits., Q A Winger, P De Los Rios, V K Han, D T Armstrong, D J Hill, A J Watson

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

Bovine oviductal monolayer and vesicle primary cultures express insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and -II mRNAs and polypeptides. Early bovine embryos also express IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF-I receptor, IGF-II receptor, and insulin receptor mRNAs. This study reports the expression of IGF binding protein (IGFBP) mRNAs and polypeptides in bovine oviduct primary cultures and IGFBP mRNAs in preattachment embryos. Release of immunoreactive IGF-I and IGF-II by oviduct cultures and bovine blastocysts was also determined. IGFBP-2, -3, -4, and -5 transcripts were observed in oviduct primary cultures throughout an 8-day interval. IGFBP-1 and -6 mRNAs were consistently not detected in the oviduct. Messenger RNAs …

Molecular And Cellular Biology Of Prostate Cancer, El-Nasir Lalani, Marc Elie Laniado, Paul David Abel

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Prostate cancer is an enigmatic disease. Although prostatic-intraepithelial neoplasia appears as early as the third decade and as many as 80% of 80 year old men have epithelial cells in their prostate that fit the morphological criteria for cancer, only about 10% of men will ever have the clinical disease and less than 3% will die from it. There have been no significant proven interventions which have altered the natural history of the disease since hormone down regulation was introduced in the 1940s and new research has been poorly supported. There is however an urgent need to develop new criteria …

Hallucinations, Peter J. Whitehouse, Marian B. Patterson, Milton E. Strauss, David S. Geldmacher, James L. Mack, Grover C. Gilmore, Elizabeth Koss

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of Angiotensin Ii Receptor Subtypes In The Brain, David L. Saylor

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present studies explore binding, distribution, and function of angiotensin II (AII) receptors (AT$\sb1$ and AT$\sb2)$ in the brain. The discovery that sulfhydryl reducing agents masked some but not all AII receptors in the brain prompts an evaluation of commonly used binding assay buffer constituents. EDTA enhances binding (40%) at both AT$\sb1$ and AT$\sb2$ nuclei, while bacitracin did not alter binding at either receptor subtype. Phenanthroline and BSA differentially altered binding at AT1 (220% of control) and AT$\sb2$ (118% of control) receptors. The results indicate that phenanthroline and BSA would be poor buffer constituents for studies comparing binding at AT$\sb1$ …

Vital Signs, Spring 1997, Boonshoft School Of Medicine

Vital Signs

A twenty four page newsletter created by the Boonshoft School of Medicine to document the current affairs of the school. This issue includes a variety of feature articles, alumni profiles, class notes, and more.

The Influence Of Low Dietary Fat Intake On Incidence And Severity Of Migraine Headache, Zuzana Bic

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Migraine headaches are a common and debilitating syndrome causing untold suffering and loss of productivity. A review of the literature indicates that there are two primary factors involved in triggering these headaches: high levels of blood lipids and high levels of free fatty acids. Under these conditions platelet aggregability is increased, which is associated with decreases in serotonin and heightened prostaglandins levels. These conditions may produce vasodilation, the most immediate precursor to migraine headache. A high fat diet is one factor that may directly affect this process. This study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of dietary fat intake on …

Immunophenotypic Analysis Of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Suhail Muzaffar, Shahid Pervez, Farrukh Aijaz, Syed Abdul Aziz, Sheema H. Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

One hundred and three cases of Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma were evaluated immunohistochemically using a panel of monoclonal antibodies which includes leucocyte common antigen (LCA), CD45R (Pan-B marker), L-26 (CD 20-Pan-B marker) and UCHL-1 (Pan-T marker). Of the total 63 cases (61.17%) showed a B-cell phenotype while 40(38.83%) were of T-cell origin. Most B-cell neoplasms belonged to intermediate (79.36%) or high grade (15.87%) according to the international Working Formulation (WF). Most T- cell lymphomas were of either intermediate (52.5%) or high grade (32.5%) neoplasms. Some T-cell neoplasms presented as specific clinicopathological entities like lymphomatoid granulomatosis (2 cases), mycosis fungoides (1 case) and …

Neuroprotective Action Of Cycloheximide Involves Induction Of Bcl-2 And Antioxidant Pathways, Katsutoshi Furukawa, Steven Estus, Weiming Fu, Robert J. Mark, Mark P. Mattson

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

The ability of the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (CHX) to prevent neuronal death in different paradigms has been interpreted to indicate that the cell death process requires synthesis of “killer” proteins. On the other hand, data indicate that neurotrophic factors protect neurons in the same death paradigms by inducing expression of neuroprotective gene products. We now provide evidence that in embryonic rat hippocampal cell cultures, CHX protects neurons against oxidative insults by a mechanism involving induction of neuroprotective gene products including the antiapoptotic gene bcl-2 and antioxidant enzymes. Neuronal survival after exposure to glutamate, FeSO₄, and amyloid β-peptide …

The Role Of Zinc In Health And Disease: Relevance To Child Health In Developing Countries, Z A. Bhutta

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

No abstract provided.

Health Professions Division Catalog Academic Year 1997-1998, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

A Characterization Of Early B-Lymphopoiesis: The Differentiation Of Lymphohemopoietic And Early Committed B-Lymphoid Progenitors, Timothy C. Ball

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Studies of B-lymphopoiesis have long been hindered by the lack of assays capable of supporting the differentiation and identification of lymphohemopoietic and early committed B-lymphoid progenitors. The clonal identification of cell-cycle dormant lymphohemopoietic progenitors from mice treated with 5 flurouracil (5-FU) became possible with the development of the two-step assay for lymphohemopoietic progenitors. Studies presented in this dissertation are centered around elucidation of the processes of differentiation of lymphohemopoietic progenitors in an attempt to determine the sequence of events occurring in divergence of the B-lymphoid and myeloid lineages. To address this question a single-step assay capable of supporting the differentiation …

The Role Of Reactive Oxygen Species In The Induction Of Interleukin-8 (Il-8) By Rhinovirus, Matthew Biagioli

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

There is a direct correlation between the severity of common cold symptoms and the concentration of IL-8 in nasal secretions from volunteers with experimental human rhinovirus (hRV) colds. Although these and other data are consistent with the hypothesis that IL-8 is a mediator of common cold symptoms, the mechanism by which IL-8 is elaborated in response to hRV challenge is not understood. This study examined the role of oxidative stress and NF-κB activation in hRV induced IL-8 elaboration. All studies were done in either a transformed respiratory epithelial cell line (Beas-2b) or human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5). Induction of oxidative stress …

Social And Cultural Factors Affecting Rates Of Regular Retreatment Of Mosquito Nets With Insecticide In Bagamoyo District, Tanzania, P.J. Winch, A.M. Makemba, V.R. Makame, M.S. Mfaume, M.C. Lynch, Zul Premji, J.N. Minjas, C.J. Shiff

Pathology, East Africa

Insecticide-treated mosquito nets have an impact on mortality and morbidity in young children under controlled conditions. When integrated into larger control programs, there is the danger that rates of regular retreatment of the nets with insecticide will drop, greatly limiting their effectiveness as a public health intervention. In Bagamoyo District, Tanzania, rates of retreatment dropped significantly when payment for the insecticide was introduced. A series of neighbourhood (hamlet) meetings were held in all study villages to discuss people's concerns about the insecticide and ways to increase rates of retreatment. Although changes were made in the procedure for retreatment, rates of …

Psychiatric Outcomes In Low Birthweight Children At Age Six: Relation To Neonatal Cranial Ultrasound Abnormalities, Agnes H. Whitaker, Ronan Van Rossem, Judy F. Feldman, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Jennifer A. Pinto-Martin, Carolyn Torre, David Shaffer, Nigel Paneth

Publications and Research

Examined the relation of neonatal cranial ultrasonography abnormalities to later psychiatric disorder in 564 low birth weight children (aged 5.2–8.7 yrs). Psychiatric diagnoses were assessed by means of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children–Parent version, and detailed information was collected on other predictors and outcomes. Results show that 454 Ss had no cranial abnormalities, 78 had germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH) and/or intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), and 32 had a parenchymal lesion (PL) or ventricular enlargement (VE). 22% of the Ss had at least 1 psychiatric disorder, the most common being attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Isolated GMH/IVH did not increase …